TYPES & COMPONENTS
OF
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
CHAPTER ONE
ICT (Grade 9)
Kathrine S. Aguilar, MIS
(A.Y. 2023 - 2024)
LESSON 1.1
HARDWARE
LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
• define computer hardware
• identify internal & external hardware components of a computer system
• explain the uses of internal & external components & peripherals
• identify & explain the uses of main components of computer systems
• identify & explain the uses of ROM & RAM, input & output devices, storage devices
Inside Your Computer
HARDWARE
• the physical components (devices that you can
touch)
• CLASSIFICATIONS:
 INTERNAL
 EXTERNAL (peripherals)
INTERNAL HARDWARE
EXTERNAL HARDWARE
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Read-only Memory (ROM)
• Keyboard
• Printer
• Mouse
• Motherboard
• Sound Card
• Graphics Card
• Monitor
• Touch Screen
• USB Memory Stick
• Hard Disk Drives
• External Hard Drive
• Built-in Speakers/Microphones
• External Speakers/Microphones
• external storage devices:
 connected to the system via a USB port
 examples:
 portable hard disk drives/solid state drives that store data
 optical disks
 memory sticks
• Characteristics of ROM and RAM:
 ROM (Read-Only Memory)
- files are permanently stored on the computer chip
 RAM (Random Access Memory)
- temporarily stores working files on the computer
- files are available instantly as they are stored in the RAM when switching
between applications
DIFFERENCES
power source
ROM
RAM
• non-volatile
• volatile
• stores the BIOS (basic
input//output system) program
• stores files that a user is working
on temporarily
• small capacity (4 to 8 MB)
• large capacity (1 to 128GB)
speed
• quite slow
• very high
price
• cheap
• costly
uses
storage capacity
HOMEWORK
Describe the functions/uses of the computer ports below by doing an online research. Don’t forget to
indicate the website links that you used as your references. You can directly answer in Google Classroom
using complete sentences.
1) USB 2.0 / USB 3.0
2) HDMI
3) DVI Video
4) VGA/SVGA
5) Firewire
DEADLINE: September 6, 2023 (11:59pm)
LATE SUBMISSIONS - 20% deduction from the total score
PAIR ACTIVITY
(External & Internal Hardware)
Build the given puzzle of a computer hardware on a colored paper. Then, prepare a
short presentation (2-3 minutes) that will discuss whether it is an internal or an
external component & describe its major function.