SRI PRAKASH VIDYANIKETAN Chapter Plan: Acids, Bases and Salts Class: VII Month: June Subject: Science periods: 8 No. of Chapter: Acids, Bases and Salts Concepts: Acids, Bases and Their Indicators Salts and Neutralization Reactions Understand the difference between acids, bases, and neutral substances List the properties and uses of important acids, bases, and salts INTRODUCTION: Start by discussing with students the concept of pH and how it is used to measure the acidity or basicity of a substance. Briefly introduce the terms "acid," "base," and "salt," and explain their general properties. All substances are divided into three categories; acids, bases, neutrals and neutral substances. Acids and bases are some of the important substances on earth. There are strong and weak acids and bases and their strengths are described using the pH scale Learning Objectives: Explain what indicators are and list some common natural and synthetic indicators Prepare and use natural indicators Describe pH scale and universal indicator Explain neutralization reactions and their use in everyday life Understand how salts are formed and differentiate between neutral. acidic, and basic salts The learner: differentiates between acids, bases, and neutral substances. defines indicators, and differentiates between natural and synthetic indicators. Learning Outcomes: conducts simple investigations to prepare natural indicators. describes pH scale and universal indicator. defines neutralization reaction and writes word equations for it. lists the properties and uses of some important salts, and differentiates between neutral, acidic, and basic salts. gives some applications of neutralization reactions. METHODOLOGY: Acids, Bases, and Their Indicators Start by recalling the need for sorting and classifying materials based on common properties. Introduce classification of materials into acidic, basic, and neutral categories Acids are sour in taste while bases are bitter and they have a soapy Touch. Students be warned not to taste unknown substances on their own, without consulting an adult Give more examples of acidic basic and neutral substances and ask the students to classify them Discuss about bases and properties in comparison to the acids. Introduce the terms alkali, strong bases, and weak bases, and differentiate between them. Give examples. Explain to the students the role of acids and bases in everyday life. Ask the students if tasting of unknown substances is not advisable, how do we determine the nature of an unknown solution? Lead to the concept of indicators. Prepare some natural indicators and bring it to the class. Allow students to test them on dilute samples of some common in acids and bases and record the colour changes in their notebooks. Caution students to be careful while using acids and bases. Introduce litmus paper and litmus solution as the most commonly used indicators. Demonstrate their use. Point out that neutral substances, such as water, salt, etc., do not cause any change in the colour of an indicator. Introduce synthetic indicators, for example, phenolphthalein and methyl orange. Demonstrate the effect of both on acids and bases. You may also create a fun quiz between two teams of students to identify indicators and their respective colour changes in the presence of acids/bases. Refer the students to Science in Action section and ask them to attempt relevant questions. Ask the students if they can tell whether an acid/base is strong or weak, with the help of indicators. Introduce the concept of universal indicator, pH scale, and pH paper strips. Now, again refer them to the Science in Action section and ask them to attempt relevant questions. Refer the students to Science in Action section and ask them to attempt question 2 of the Creating questions. The pH paper can be held against a standard colour chart. This will be quite interesting for students as here they get to differentiate between strong and weak acids and bases. Discuss the Recall section under the concept in the Workbook. Ask students to work on the relevant part of the I Can section in the Workbook, to assess their learning of Acids, Bases, and Their Indicators. Homework Workbook Worksheet 5.1 Workbook Science in Action Neutralization Reactions and salts Ask the students if anyone has experienced acidity and how antacids provider in such conditions. Help them see that a base can neutralize the effect of an acid neutralization reaction and what State what is a Demonstrate the neutralization reaction of see that neutralization are its products reaction is an exothermic reaction. Discuss the different neutralization reactions that occur in our everyday life. Again refer the students to attempt the relevant questions under Science in Action section . Ask students what comes to their minds when they hear the word "salt” .Tell them common salt is not only salt there is. Give examples of some more salts and their uses. It must be clarified to students that salt in chemistry is a substance that is formed as a result of the not the only salt that common salt is neutralization reaction when an acid and a base react Discuss some characteristic properties of salts. Ask students to work on the relevant part of the I Can section in the Workbook, to assess their learning of Salts and Neutralization Reactions Homework Workbook: Worksheet 5.2 Research on the common salts required by the body. Teaching Aids : Active Inspire boards, Materials required for activities, worksheets and textbook, Activity Kits Recapitulation: Refer the Concept map in the Workbook. Discuss in class. Discuss any remaining questions in the Worksheets or the Science in Action section Homework/ASSIGNMENT: ● ● Workbook: Science in Action Class test will be conducted INCHARGE SIGN