What is the primary responsibility of a project manager?
Answer: To lead the project team and achieve the project objectives within the defined constraints.
• What are the four key areas a project manager's influence reaches?
Answer: the project, the organization, the industry, professional disciplines and across disciplines
• In what two ways can a project manager develop their professional discipline?
Answer: Training & Knowledge sharing
What are the three key skill sets needed by project managers through the use of The PMI
Talent Triangle ?
Answer: Technical project management, leadership, and strategic and business management.
• Why is integration important in project management?
Answer: Integration ensures that all project components (processes, knowledge, people) work together
efficiently and effectively to achieve project goals.
• What are the different levels of integration that a project manager needs to consider?
Answer: Process level, cognitive level, and context level
What does project integration management involve?
○ Project integration management involves coordinating all elements of a project, including tasks,
resources, stakeholders, and deliverables.
● What are the processes of project integration management?
○ There are 7 main processes of project integration management :■ Develop project charter.
■ Develop Project Management Plan.
■ Direct and Manage Project Work.
initiate->plan->Exceution->Closing
■ Manage Project Knowledge.
■ Monitor and Control Project Work.
■ Perform Integrated Change Control.
■ Close Project or Phase.
● Briefly define the “Develop project charter” process?
○ Develop Project Charter is the process of developing a document that formally authorizes the
existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational
resources to project activities.
1- Why is defining project scope important at the outset of a project?
Answer: Defining project scope sets clear boundaries, objectives, and deliverables, preventing
misunderstandings and scope creep.
2- What are the consequences of scope creep, and how does project scope management help
prevent it?
Answer: Scope creep leads to delays, budget overruns, and dissatisfaction. Project scope management
prevents it by establishing a baseline and implementing change control processes.
3- How does effective scope control contribute to project success?
Answer: Effective scope control maintains project transparency, prevents unauthorized changes, and
ensures alignment with objectives, leading to successful outcomes
1- Why is clear communication essential in project scope management?
Answer: Clear communication prevents misunderstandings, conflicts, and facilitates timely issue
resolution regarding project deliverables and expectations.
2- What role does change management play in project scope management?
Answer: Change management evaluates proposed changes, ensuring alignment with goals, and
minimizing disruptions to budget, schedule, and resources.
3- How does continuous monitoring and adaptation contribute to effective project scope management?
Answer: Continuous monitoring tracks progress, identifies deviations, and allows proactive realignment,
ensuring the project stays on track to meet objectives
What are Parts of Any project Scheduling?
• Key parts include task identification, sequencing, duration estimation, resource allocation, schedule
development, and monitoring.
2. What is project scheduling?
• Project scheduling defines the project timeline, organizes tasks, and allocates resources to ensure
project completion within the planned time frame.
3. What are types of activity Relationships in a Project Schedule?
• Relationships include Finish to Start (FS), Start to Start (SS), Finish to Finish (FF), and Start to Finish (SF).
4. Why do we use forward and backward path in network calculations?
• These methods identify the earliest and latest start and finish times for tasks, helping pinpoint the
critical path for optimizing the project duration.
5. What are the main processes in project time management?
• Main processes include planning schedule management, defining activities, sequencing activities,
estimating activity durations, developing the schedule, and controlling the schedule.
6. What is the system used to make Estimate durations?**
• Techniques include expert judgment, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, and three-point
estimating (PERT).
what are the main concepts for planning for project cost management?
• Preparing the Cost Management Plan
• Examining the Project Cost Management Plan
• Preparing for Adaptive Cost Management
• Determining Project Costs
➢Good cost planning requires a basic understanding of how organizations account for cost”.
Explain the characterization of cost components and the two approaches to estimating
project costs?
*The two fundamental cost components are: Direct cost; are cost attributed to the project such labor,
materials, and equipment. Indirect cost; are costs for organizational support not directly attributed to
the project, such as overhead, office electricity and heating. The two approaches to the top estimating
project costs are Top-down estimating: it is used for early cost approximations using broad categories of
work. Example; estimate of building hotel based on historic data regarding costs per square foot. These
estimates suffer from variances of 25 to 50 %. Bottom-up estimating; it can be accomplished only after
completion of WBS to the work package level. The process is to fully develop the WBS, calculate cost
estimates at the work package and finish by totaling all estimates to arrive to the cost estimate for the
entire project. The cost estimate within 5 to 10% variance
➢What is the Output of the cost-budgeting process?
• Cost baseline
• Project funding requirements
• Project document updates
➢ What are the four quantitative factors that are used for project selection, which tend to
focus on cost and explain each one of them with the help of an example?
• *The four quantitative factors are:
• a) Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR)
• b) Present Value (PV)
• c) Net Present Value (NPV)
• d) Payback Period (PP)
• a) BCR compares benefits to costs and determining BCR=Benefits/Cost. The higher the • ratio, then the
better the deal is. For example: you have 2 alternatives ways to perform • a group of work packages
worth of $ 200,000 in progress payments from the client. • Using company A will cost $ 50,000, but
Company B is willing to do the same work
➢What is the difference Between Cost of Conformance and Cost of Non Conformance ?
❖ Cost of Conformance
• Money spent during the project to avoid failures
• Prevention costs (training -equipment)
• Appraisal
❖ Cost of NonConformance
• Money spent after project delivery because failures
• Internal failure Costs
• External Failure Costs
➢What is the importance of project cost management?
❖ Project Cost Management is important to ensure that the project is completed within the approved
budget by setting the baseline for project cost.
➢What is the cost baseline?
❖ The cost baseline is a time-phased budget that will be used to measure and monitor cost
performance on the project
Question: Why are quality management processes important in project control?
• Answer: Quality management processes ensure that project deliverables meet specified quality
requirements, enhance customer satisfaction, reduce risks, and facilitate compliance with standards.
• Question: What are the key processes involved in quality management for project control?
• Answer: Key processes include quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and continuous
improvement.
• Question: How does quality control differ from quality assurance?
• Answer: Quality control involves monitoring and verifying project deliverables to ensure they meet
quality requirements, while quality assurance focuses on evaluating project processes to ensure
compliance with quality standards
• Question: Why is stakeholder involvement crucial in quality management?
• Answer: Stakeholder involvement ensures that quality requirements are aligned with project goals and
expectations, and fosters collaboration and feedback for continuous improvement.
• Question: What are some effective quality assurance techniques?
• Answer: Effective techniques include regular audits and reviews, implementation of quality gates,
checkpoints, and providing training to enhance quality awareness and skills..
• Question: How does continuous monitoring and adaptation contribute to project quality?
• Answer: Continuous monitoring allows project teams to identify deviations and implement corrective actions,
while adaptation based on lessons learned and best practices drives continuous improvement in project quality
What is project resource management?
Project resource management is the process of effectively and efficiently allocating, monitoring, and
optimizing resources such as people, equipment, time, and budget to achieve project objectives.
Why is resource management important in project management?
Resource management is crucial in project management because it ensures that resources are allocated
appropriately to tasks and activities, maximizing productivity and minimizing waste. Effective resource
management helps to prevent overallocation or underutilization of resources, leading to improved
project outcomes and stakeholder satisfaction
What are some common challenges in project resource management?
Some common challenges in project resource management include limited availability of resources,
conflicting priorities among projects, uncertainty and changes in project scope, lack of visibility into
resource utilization, and difficulty in balancing workload among team members. Effective resource
management strategies are necessary to address these challenges and optimize resource allocation
1. What is the primary goal of Project Risk Management?
- It involves identifying, analyzing, responding to, and monitoring risks throughout the project lifecycle
2. What are the main outputs of performing qualitative risk analysis?
- Project Documents Updates
3.What are the main outputs of Identify Risks analysis?
- Risk Register
- Risk Report
4. What is the objective of Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis?
It aims to numerically analyze the impact of risks.
5.What is the key output of the Implement Risk Responses process?
- Change requests - Project documents updates
6.What tools and techniques are employed in Monitor Risks Analysis?
- Data analysis - Audits – Meetings
Question: How does procurement management align with project objectives?
• Answer: Procurement ensures timely, cost-effective acquisition while meeting quality standards.
• Question: What's involved in a procurement audit?
• Answer: It reviews processes for compliance, vendor performance, and improvement areas.
• Question: Why conduct a make-or-buy analysis?
• Answer: It determines whether to produce internally or procure externally, considering cost, expertise,
and strategic importance
1. Identify the sub-process of process improvement
a- Process introduction
b- De-processification
c- Process analysis
d- Process distribution
2. Project performance consists of
a- Time
b- Cost
c- Quality
d- All of the above
3. What does PLC stand for?
a- Program loss closure
b- Project life cycle
c- Project loss chain
d- Program life cycle