BOOK1-3 ( 2-67 )
BOOK4-6 ( 68-139)
BOOK7 -9 ( 140-211)
BOOK10-13 ( 212-255)
BOOK14-17 ( 256-307 )
BOOK18-21 ( 308-354)
Book 1
Book 2
Book 3
Name: _________________
DLI American Language Course
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
0
Issue No. 1.0
Tips on using this booklet
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Use this booklet at home and after
to class revise what you learn in
class. Use your main coursebook in
class.
‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما‬
‫ هذا الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب‬.‫تعلمته مع معلمك‬
.‫االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the
grammar and words here, you
must practice using them with
your teacher. To get a 60 in the
ALCPT, you need to know how
‫ عليك‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ حتى تحصل‬.‫ان تمارس استخدامهم مع معلمك‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫على‬
‫ مجرد‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
‫حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
words are used in sentences, and
do this very fast. Memorising a list
and translations will not get you a
60 in the ALCPT.
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60
‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة‬
‫ عكسها او‬,‫ مرادفاتها‬,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫الكلمات‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask
for the spelling, example sentence,
.‫مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬
similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in
the ALCPT, you need more words
than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات عن ما هو متوفر في‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها‬.‫هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes ‫في قسم‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes
section.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
1
Issue No. 1.0
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 1
3
Grammar
Book 1
16
Vocabulary
Book 2
23
Grammar
Book 2
41
Vocabulary
Book 3
47
Grammar
Book 3
60
Additional vocabulary
65
Key
adjective
‫صفة‬
noun clause
‫شبه جملة اسمية‬
adverb
‫حال‬
object
object pronoun
‫مفعول به‬
‫ضمير المفعول به‬
clause
‫عبارة‬
past simple
conjunction
‫حروف العطف‬
plural
‫ماضي بسيط‬
‫جمع‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
present simple
‫مضارع بسيط‬
example
‫مثال‬
question
Yes/No question
‫ ال‬/ ‫اسئلة نعم‬
‫اسئلة‬
expression
‫مصطلح‬
regular verb
‫فعل منتظم‬
future
‫مستقبل‬
requirement
‫متطلب‬
grammar
‫قواعد اللغة‬
sentence /
statement
indirect object
‫المفعول به غير‬
‫المباشر‬
singular
irregular verb
‫فعل غير منتظم‬
subject
subject pronoun
‫ عبارة‬/ ‫جملة‬
‫مفرد‬
‫فاعل‬
‫ضمير الفاعل‬
negative
‫نفي‬
tense
‫الزمن‬
noun
‫اسم‬
verb
‫فعل‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
alphabet (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫الحروف الهجائية‬
There are 26 letters in the alphabet.
board (n)
‫سبورة‬
Write your name on the board.
book (n)
‫كتاب‬
Open your book at page 4.
capital letter (n)
‫حرف كبير‬
‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ are capital letters.
chair (n)
‫كرسي‬
Sit on your chair.
classroom (n)
‫فصل دراسي‬
The students are in the classroom.
clock (n)
‫ساعة حائط‬
‘What’s that?’ ‘It’s a clock.’
desk (n)
‫طاولة دراسة‬
The pen is on the desk.
door (n)
‫باب‬
Please close the door.
example (n)
‫مثال‬
Listen to the example.
lab (n)
‫معمل‬
The cadets are in the computer lab.
letter (n)
‫حرف‬
The word ‘book’ has four letters.
map (n)
‫خريطة‬
Look at Saudi Arabia on the map.
name (n)
‫اسم‬
What’s your name?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
notebook (n)
‫كراس‬
The notebook is on the table.
number (n)
‫رقم‬
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …
4, 5 and 6 are numbers.
page (n)
‫صفحة‬
Look at page 3.
pen (n)
‫قلم‬
The pen is on the desk.
pencil (n)
‫قلم رصاص‬
Write your name with a pencil.
picture (n)
‫صورة‬
The picture is on the wall.
small letter (n)
‫حرف صغير‬
‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’ are small letters.
table (n)
‫طاولة‬
There is a table in the classroom.
window (n)
‫نافذة‬
Please open the window.
word (n)
‫كلمة‬
‘table’, ‘look’ and ‘your’ are words.
Verbs
25
26
27
28
circle (v)
‫يحط بدائرة\ يضع دائرة‬
Circle your name.
close (v)
‫اغلق‬
≠ open
Close your books.
go / go to (v)
‫اذهب‬
Go to the lab in lesson 4.
is (v)
)‫فعل مساعد (يكون‬
This is a pen. / This is Captain Smith.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
listen (to) (v)
‫استمع\ انصت‬
Listen to your teacher.
look (at) (v)
‫انظر الى‬
Look at the board.
open (v)
‫افتح‬
≠ close
Open the door please.
repeat (v)
‫أعد\ كرر‬
Repeat the words.
sit down (v)
‫اجلس‬
≠ stand up
Please sit down.
stand up (v)
‫يقف‬
≠ sit down
Stand up please.
turn off (v)
‫يطفئ‬
≠ turn on
Turn off the TV.
turn on (v)
‫يشغل‬
≠ turn off
Turn on the light please.
write (v)
‫اكتب‬
Write your name on your book.
Other words
38
39
40
41
42
a
‫واحد\واحدة‬
This is a pen.
it
‫هي \ هو‬
‘What’s this?’ ‘It’s a window.’ ‘Open it please.’
it’s
)‫(انه‬
= it is
It’s a book.
my
(‫)لي‬
This is my classroom. That is your classroom.
please
‫ من اجل‬/ ‫لـ‬
Please listen to the teacher.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
sir
‫سيد‬
Good morning sir.
that
‫ذلك \ تلك‬
This is my pen. That is your pen.
that’s
‫ذاك‬
= that is
That’s your book.
the
)‫(ال‬
Go to the computer lab.
this
‫هذا\هذه‬
This is my book. That is your book.
to
‫إلى‬
Go to the lab.
what
‫ماذا ؟ \ما هو ؟‬
What is this?
what’s
‫ من اجل‬/ ‫لـ‬
What’s that?
your
‫لك‬
That is your teacher. This is my teacher.
Hello.
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
‫مرحبا‬
55
How are you?
Fine thanks.
‫كيف حالك؟‬
56
See you later.
‫أراك الحقا‬
57
Okay.
‫حسنا‬
58
Goodbye.
‫مع السالمة‬
59
What’s your name?
My name is …
‫ما أسمك ؟‬
60
What’s this?
This is a book.
‫ما هذا ؟‬
52
= what is
‫صباح الخير‬
‫مساء الخير‬
‫ مشكور‬,‫بخير‬
…‫إسمي‬
.‫هذا كتاب‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
61
What’s that?
That’s a pen.
‫ما ذاك ؟‬
62
It’s a notebook.
‫انه دفتر‬
63
Listen.
‫استمع‬
64
Please open the door.
Please close your book.
‫افتح الباب رجاء‬
‫ذاك قلم‬
‫أغلق كتابك رجاء‬
Numbers 0-20
‫صفر‬
0
zero
1
one
1
‫واحد‬
2
two
2
‫اثنان‬
3
three
3
‫ثالثة‬
4
four
4
‫اربعة‬
5
five
5
‫خمسة‬
6
six
6
‫ستة‬
7
seven
7
‫سبعة‬
8
eight
8
‫ثمانية‬
9
nine
9
‫تسعة‬
10 ten
10
‫عشرة‬
11 eleven
11
‫احدى عشر‬
12 twelve
12
‫اثنا عشر‬
13 thirteen
13
‫ثالثة عشر‬
14 fourteen
14
‫اربعة عشر‬
15 fifteen
15
‫خمسة عشر‬
16 sixteen
16
‫ستة عشر‬
17 seventeen
‫قب‬
‫سبعة عشر‬
18 eighteen
‫قب‬
‫ثمانية عشر‬
19 nineteen
19
‫تسعة عشر‬
20 twenty
20
‫عشرون‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nouns
barber (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposite
‫حالق‬
‘What’s his job?’ ‘He’s a barber.’
cook (n)
‫طباخ‬
‘What’s Mr Jeffrey?’ ‘He’s a cook.’
doctor (n)
‫طبيب‬
Robert is a doctor.
mechanic (n)
‫ميكانيكي‬
Mike is a mechanic.
pilot (n)
‫طيار‬
Sami is a pilot in the RSAF.
radio (n)
‫مذياع‬
Listen to the radio.
recorder (n)
‫مسجل‬
Those are cassette recorders.
student (n)
‫طالب‬
12 students are in my class.
tape (n)
‫شريط‬
This is a cassette tape.
teacher (n)
‫معلم‬
‘What’s his job?’ ‘He’s a teacher.’
television (n)
‫تلفاز‬
Turn off the television please.
Verbs
12
13
14
am (v)
)‫فعل مساعد (يكون‬
I am a cadet.
are (v)
)‫فعل مساعد (يكون‬
You are a teacher.
don’t (v)
)‫فعل مساعد للنفي (ال أفعل‬
Don’t open the door.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
15
spell (v)
‫يتهجى‬
Please spell your name.
Other words
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
and
)‫حرف العطف (و‬
Listen and repeat.
her
‘What’s her name?’
)‫لها (ضمير ملكية‬
‘Her name is Sue.’
his
)‫له (ضمير ملكية‬
‘What’s his name?’ ‘His name is Bill.’
I
‫أنا‬
I am a cadet.
I’m
‫أنا‬
= I am
I’m a cadet.
these
‫هؤالء‬
What are these?
those
‫أولئك‬
Those are pens.
you
‫أنت \ انتم‬
You are a pilot.
you’re
‫أنت \ انتم‬
You’re a teacher.
25
Don’t close the door.
‫ال تغلق الباب‬
26
What’s his name?
His name is Bob.
‫ما اسمه؟‬
27
What’s her name?
Her name’s Mary.
‫ما اسمها ؟‬
28
What’s this?
This is his pen.
‫ما هذا؟‬
29
What’s that?
That’s her book.
= you are
.‫اسمه بوب‬
‫اسمها ماري‬
.‫هذا قلمه‬
‫ما ذاك ؟‬
.‫ذاك كتابها‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
30
What are these?
These are books.
)‫ما هذه؟ (جمع قريب‬
31
What are those?
Those are pencils.
)‫ما تلك ؟ (جمع بعيد‬
‫ماهو عمل بيل؟‬
32
What is Bill?
What’s his job?
Bill’s a mechanic.
.‫هذه كتب‬
. ‫تلك مراسم‬
‫ما هو عمله؟‬
‫بيل ميكانيكي‬
Numbers 21-100; 1000
21
twenty-one
21
‫واحد وعشرون‬
22
twenty-two
22
‫اثنين وعشرون‬
23
twenty-three
23
‫ثالثة وعشرون‬
24
twenty-four
24
‫أربعة وعشرون‬
25
twenty-five
25
‫خمسة وعشرون‬
26
twenty-six
26
‫ستة وعشرون‬
27
twenty-seven
27
‫سبعة وعشرون‬
28
twenty-eight
28
‫ثمانية وعشرون‬
29
twenty-nine
29
‫تسعة وعشرون‬
30
thirty
30
‫ثالثون‬
40
forty
40
‫أربعون‬
50
fifty
50
‫خمسون‬
60
sixty
60
‫ستون‬
70
seventy
70
‫سبعون‬
80
eighty
80
‫ثمانون‬
90
ninety
90
‫تسعون‬
100
a / one hundred
100
‫مئة‬
1000
‫ألف‬
1000 a / one thousand
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Nouns
= similar meaning
cent (n)
‫سنت‬
= a penny
100 cents are in a dollar.
dime (n)
‫ سنت‬10 ‫عملة معدنية تمثل‬
Ten cents are in a dime.
dollar (n)
‫دوالر‬
‫نصف دوالر‬
A half dollar is 50 cents.
money (n)
‫نقود‬
I have some American money – 10 dollars.
nickel (n)
‫ سنت‬5 ‫عملة معدنية تمثل‬
Two nickels is 10 cents.
penny (n)
)‫اقل عملة بالنسبة الدوالر (مثل الهللة‬
Ten pennies is a dime.
quarter (n)
= 10 cents
= 100 cents
A dollar is 100 cents.
half dollar (n)
≠ opposite
‫ربع‬
= 50 cents
= cash
= 5 cents
= a cent
= 25 cents
Four quarters are in a dollar.
Verbs
9
10
aren’t / are not (v)
‫فعل مساعد للنفي‬
They are cadets. They aren’t teachers.
isn’t / is not (v)
‫فعل مساعد للنفي للمفرد الغائب‬
He’s a pilot. He isn’t a mechanic.
Other words
11
he
he’s
‫هو‬
)‫هو (اختصار‬
= he is
He’s my brother.
12
she
she’s
‫هي‬
)‫هي(اختصار‬
= she is
She’s my sister.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
11
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
13
we
we’re
‫نحن‬
)‫نحن(اختصار‬
We’re cadets.
14
they
they’re
= we are
‫ هم‬/ ‫شائع‬
)‫هم(اختصار‬
= they are
They’re dentists.
15
16
17
yes
‫نعم‬
‘Are you a cadet?’ ‘Yes, I am.’
no
‫ال‬
‘Are you a dentist?’ ‘No, I’m not.’
not
‫ليس‬
I’m not a captain.
18
$
‫دوالر‬
= dollar
19
¢
‫سنت‬
= cent(s)
20
=
‫يساوي‬
= equals
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
12
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nouns
= similar meaning
box (n)
≠ opposite
‫صندوق‬
The box is on the table.
calendar (n)
‫التقويم‬
Look at the calendar. Today is Tuesday.
day (n)
‫يوم‬
There are seven days in a week.
dialog (n)
‫محادثة‬
= conversation
Listen to the dialog.
sound (n)
‫صوت‬
= noise
Listen to the sound.
time (n)
What time is it?
‫وقت‬
The time is 9 o’clock.
today (n)
‫اليوم‬
It’s Tuesday today.
tomorrow (n)
‫غدا‬
It’s Wednesday tomorrow.
wall (n)
‫حائط‬
The map is on the wall.
week (n)
‫اسبوع‬
There are seven days in a week.
weekend (n)
‫اجازة نهاية االسبوع‬
In America the weekend is Saturday and Sunday.
Verbs
12
put (verb)
‫ضع‬
Please put your pencil on your desk.
Other words
13
Sunday
‫األحد‬
14
Monday
‫األثنين‬
15
Tuesday
‫الثالثاء‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Vocabulary
16
Wednesday
‫األربعاء‬
17
Thursday
‫الخميس‬
18
Friday
‫الجمعة‬
19
Saturday
‫السبت‬
at (time)
)‫في (وقت‬
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Go to the lab at 8 o’clock.
in (location)
)‫في (مكان‬
The students are in the classroom.
o’clock
)‫تماما (وقت‬
It’s 3 o’clock.
on (location)
)‫على (مكان‬
Put the pencils on the table.
under (location)
)‫تحت (مكان‬
The table is under the window.
What time is it?
It’s 10:30.
It’s ten o’clock.
‫كم هي الساعة ؟‬
‫إنها العاشرة والنصف‬
‫إنها العاشرة تماما‬
Go to the classroom at 7:30. ‫اذهب للفصل عند الساعة‬
‫السابعة والنصف‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
1.
Simple questions and answers
(L1. Pg.8)
‫اسئلة و أجوبة الجمل البسيطة‬
‫استخدم الطريقة التالية لإلجابة على االسئلة البسيطة‬
Use this to answer simple questions.
Questions
Is
Is
Is
Is
this
a
this
this
this
a
a
a
pen
table
book
Answers
?
Yes,
?
No,
?
What
is
this
?
It’s
a
book.
or
a
pencil
?
It’s
a
pen.
chair.
‫( هو‬
‫في العربية نقول‬
pen
it
is.
isn’t.
(is not).
it
The Verb BE
.‫ال يوجد فعل في هذه الجمل‬
) .‫طالب عسكري‬
Subject
‫انا‬
.
‫معلم‬
Noun
Noun
Subject
| I
In Arabic, we say [ He
teacher.
There is no verb in these sentences.
cadet ].
‫عندما نقول ما هو الشيء‬. BE ‫ يجب دائما ان تتكون الجملة من فعل‬،‫لكن في الجمل االنجليزية‬
‫ البد من استخدام االفعال المساعدة‬، ‫ أو مما يتكون شيىء ما‬،
But in English sentences, there must always be a verb. When we say
something is, or that something exists, we use the Verb BE.
Subject
Verb BE
[ He
is
Noun
Subject
|
a teacher.
I
Noun
Verb BE
am
a
cadet ]
Verb BE
I
he / she / it
we / they / you
am
is
are
.‫قبل االسم المفرد‬
a ‫ في اللغة االنجليزية نضع‬: ‫مالحظة‬
Note that in English we also put a before a singular noun.
[ This
is
a book. ] ‫ هذا كتاب‬: ‫بالعربي‬
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15
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
2.
Using basic commands
‫بعض افعال األمر األساسية‬
Commands in English
Stand up.
Sit down.
Open the book.
Close the book.
Turn on the light.
Turn off the light.
Go to the board.
Look at the board.
Listen to the teacher
Repeat the word.
Circle the letter.
Write the word.
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
(L1. Pg. 12)
‫أفعال األمر باإلنجليزية‬
) ‫أنهض (قف‬
‫اجلس‬
‫افتح الكتاب‬
‫اغلق الكتاب‬
)‫اشعل الضوء (النور‬
)‫اطفئ الضوء (النور‬
‫توجه الى السبورة‬
‫انظر الى السبورة‬
‫انسط (استمع) لمعلمك‬
‫كرر الكلمة‬
‫احط الكلمة بدائرة‬
‫اكتب الكلمة‬
: ‫مالحظة هامة‬
‫في االنجليزية نالحظ‬
is ‫وجوب وجود‬
‫أو بديل بمعنى‬
‫(يكون) في الجمل‬
‫االسمية خالف‬
. ‫العربية‬
3.
Demonstrative Pronouns – this / that
‫أسماء اإلشارة للمفرد القريب والبعيد‬
(L1. Pg.16)
This is a pencil.
‫هذا مرسام‬
(Near)
‫للقريب‬
‫ذلك قلم‬
That is a pen.
(That’s a pen.)
(Far away)
‫للبعيد‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
4.
Possessive adjectives – my / your
‫( ضمائر الملكية‬L1. Pg.18)
.‫االشياء‬
‫يملك‬
‫من‬
‫عن‬
‫للتعبير‬
‫تستخدم‬
Use this to say who owns something.
Is that your ship.
‫تلك سفينتك‬
Yes, this is my ship.
‫ هذه سفينتي‬،‫صحيح‬
(Question)
5.
Is
this / that
my / your
ship
?
Giving negative commands with don’t
(L2. Pg.27)
)‫اعطاء االوامر بالمنع من القيام بشيء ما باستخدام (ال تفعل‬
Do not = Don’t
× Don’t eat fast food.
 Eat healthy food.
The verb is the same for the positive and negative sentences.
‫تلك قبعتها‬
× Don’t open the window.
‫تلك كرته‬
 Open the window.
‫الحظ أن الفعل لم يتغير في حالة األمر أو المنع‬
6.
Possessive adjectives – his / her . ‫( ضمائر الملكية للغائب المذكر و المؤنث‬L2. Pg.30)
That is her hat.
‫تلك قبعتها‬
This is
That is
That is his football.
That’s
‫تلك كرته‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
17
my
your
his
her
ship.
ball.
food.
book.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
7.
Singular and plural nouns
.‫المفرد و الجمع لألسماء‬
Single noun
book
door
picture
name
lab
1 pencil
+s
)add ‘s’)
Plural noun
books
doors
pictures
names
labs
1 door
(L2. Pg.35)
8 pencils
3 doors
‫ و سيارات‬، ‫ صيغة الجمع تختلف فلدينا المثنى جمع اثنين كمثال سيارتين‬، ‫في اللغة العربية‬
.‫لجمع أكثر من اثنين‬
In Arabic, the plural noun for 2 things is different from the plural for 3
or more things.
.‫ " في نهاية الكلمة‬s " ‫لكن في اللغة االنجليزية يوجد صيغة واحدة للمثنى والجمع وتكون باضافة‬
But in English, the same plural is used for 2 or more things (we usually
add ‘s’ to the noun(.
Example: one car, two cars, three cars
8.
Demonstrative Pronouns – these / those
(L2. Pg.36)
‫هذه كراسي‬
These are chairs.
Those are chairs.
(Near)
‫للجمع القريب‬
(Far away)
‫للجمع البعيد‬
‫أولئك (تلك) كراسي‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
9.
Asking questions with these / those
(L2. Pg.38)
‫السؤال باستخدام أسماء اإلشارة للجمع القريب والبعيد‬
Questions
What
Answers
these
are
Those
?
those
These
books.
pens.
are
10. Making sentences with I / you / a name
(L2. Pg.40)
‫ أو باستخدام اسم‬،‫ أنت‬، ‫صياغة الجمل باستخدام الضمير أنا‬
Subject
be
I
am
You
are
Major Brown
is
detail
→
I’m a cadet.
→
You’re a student.
→
Major Brown’s a
teacher.
a cadet.
a student.
a teacher.
Native English speakers often contract their speech.
‫يقوم متحدثي اللغة المتمكنين بدمج الضمير مع فعل الكينونة شرط وجود الفاصلة العلوية‬
11. Asking simple questions about people
(L2. Pg.41)
‫السؤال عن األشخاص باستخدام األسئلة البسيطة‬
Questions
What
What
Answers
be
Subject
am
I
?
You’re a cadet.
are
you
?
I’m a student.
your job
?
I’m a teacher.
is
What’s
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
In Arabic, verbs and adjectives change depending on whether the subject is
male or female.
.‫ تتغيراالفعال والصفات اعتمادا على الفاعل سواءا كان مذكر او مؤنث‬، ‫في اللغة العربية‬
‫هي تقود‬
‫هو يقود‬
: ‫مثال‬
‫قلم كبير‬
‫سيارة كبيرة‬
But in English, we don’t change verbs or adjectives in this way.
.‫لكن في اللغة االنجليزية ال نغير االفعال والصفات بهذه الطريقة‬
(He) drives
(she) drives
a big pen
a big car
However, English singular pronouns are different for males and
females. .‫ ضمائر المفرد في اللغة االنجليزية تتختلف بالنسبة للمذكر والمؤنث‬،‫مع ذلك‬
He is a teacher.
I like him.
She is a teacher.
I like her.
‫ هي‬، ‫ضمير المفرد الغائب للعاقل هو‬
12. The pronoun he / she / it
Pronoun
be
He is
He ’s
(L3. Pg.48)
detail
a student.
a teacher.
She is
She ’s
13. The pronoun they
a doctor.
‫( صياغة الجمل باستخدام ضمير الجمع الغائب هم‬L3.pg.50)
Pronoun
be
She is
detail
a doctor.
a teacher.
He is
They are
They ’re
doctors.
teachers.
‘They’ is plural
‫ة‬/‫(هم) للجمع أي أكثر من واحد‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
14. The pronoun we ‫ضمير المتكلمين نحن‬
Pronoun
(L3.pg.52)
be
He is
detail
a barber.
a cook.
I am
We are
We ’re
barbers.
cooks.
‘We’ is plural
‫ة‬/‫(نحن) للجمع أي أكثر من واحد‬
15. The pronoun you
‫انتم‬/‫المخاطبين انت‬/‫صمير المخاطب‬
Pronoun
be
(L3.pg.54)
detail
He is
a cadet.
You are
You are
You ’re
cadets.
‘You’ is singular
and
‘You’ is plural
)‫(أنت) للمفرد و للجمع أي (أنت‬
)‫ة‬/‫أو (أنتم أكثر من واحد‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
16. Making negative sentences
(L3.pg.58)
)‫صياغة الجمل المنفية (النفي‬
Pronoun + be
detail
I’m
a pilot.
He’s
a doctor.
She’s
a teacher.
Ahmed’s
not
You’re
pilots.
We’re (Ahmed and I are)
doctors.
They’re (Mr. & Mrs. Jones are)
teachers.
You’re (You and Rakan are)
We can also contract….
is + not = isn’t
are + not = aren’t
He
She
isn’t
You
We
They
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
22
aren’t
a pilot.
a doctor.
pilots.
doctors.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
17. Asking yes / no questions
(L3.pg.60-64)
)‫صياغة االستفهام (السؤال المقدر بنعم أو ال‬
Sentence
You
are
a student
.
Question
Are
you
a student
?
detail
Yes Answers
Yes Pronoun
Questions
BE Pronoun
Am
Are
Is
Is
Are
Are
I
you
he
a doctor?
a cadet?
she
am
you
are
a cadet.
is
a
teacher.
she
it
a book?
it
this
a table?
this
that
a chair?
you
Yes,
detail
I
he
a teacher?
BE
a doctor.
a book.
is
a table.
that
a chair.
doctors?
you
doctors.
we
cadets?
we
they
teachers?
they
these
books?
these
those
chairs?
those
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
23
are
cadets.
teachers.
are
books.
chairs.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 1 Grammar
Questions
BE Pronoun
Am
Are
Is
Is
Are
Are
detail
No Answers
No Pronoun
I
you
he
a doctor?
a cadet?
she
not
you
aren’t a cadet.
she
it
a book?
it
this
a table?
this
that
a chair?
you
No,
detail
I’m
he
a teacher?
BE
isn’t
a doctor.
a
teacher.
a book.
isn’t
a table.
that
a chair.
doctors?
you
doctors.
we
cadets?
we
aren’t cadets.
they
teachers?
they
these
books?
these
those
chairs?
those
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
24
teachers.
aren’t
books.
chairs.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
14
Nouns
boy (n)
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
‫ولد‬
David is a young boy.
brother (n)
‫أخ‬
I have one brother.
child / children (n)
‫ طفل‬/ ‫أطفال‬
Is he your child? My brother has four children.
daughter (n)
‫ابنة‬
Cathy is Tom and Susan’s daughter.
family (n)
‫عائلة‬
Six people are in the Smith family.
father (n)
‫اب‬
Tom is Cathy’s father.
friend (n)
‫صديق‬
John isn’t my brother. He’s a friend.
girl (n)
‫بنت‬
Sally is a young girl.
husband (n)
‫زوج‬
Tom and Susan are married. Tom is Susan’s husband.
man / men (n)
‫رجل‬
/ ‫رجال‬
James is a man. James and Tim are men.
mother (n)
‫أم‬
Susan is Cathy’s mother.
parents (n)
‫والدين‬
Susan and Tom are Cathy’s parents.
people (n)
‫أناس \ أشخاص‬
There are six people in the classroom.
person (n)
‫شخص‬
There is one person in the bathroom.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
15
16
17
18
19
sister (n)
Vocabulary
‫أخت‬
Cathy is Frank’s sister.
son (n)
‫ابن‬
Frank is Tom and Susan’s son.
syllable (n)
‫مقطع لفظي‬
The word hus–band has two syllables.
wife (n)
‫زوجة‬
Cathy is Tom’s wife.
woman / women (n)
‫ مرأة‬/ ‫نساء‬
Sue is a woman. Sue and Pam are women.
Adjectives and adverbs
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
angry (adj)
‫غاضب‬
Mr. Bell is very angry.
cold (adj)
‫بارد‬
Close the window. It’s cold in the classroom.
happy (adj)
‫سعيد‬
≠ sad
It’s Friday. The children are happy.
hot (adj)
‫ساخن‬
≠ cold
It is hot in Saudi Arabia.
old (adj)
‫كبير في السن‬
James is an old man.
sad (adj)
‫حزين‬
‫قصير‬
≠ tall
Tom isn’t tall. He’s short.
sick (adj)
‫مريض‬
Tom is in the hospital. He is very sick.
tall (adj)
‫طويل‬
= ill
≠ well
≠ short
Ben is a tall man.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
≠young
≠ happy
My brother is sad.
short (adj)
≠ hot
26
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
29
30
31
tired (adj)
Vocabulary
‫متعب‬
It’s 10 o’clock in the evening. Mary is very tired.
well (adj)
‫جيد \ بحالة جيدة‬
‘Are you well?’ ‘Yes, I am.’
young (adj)
‫شاب‬
≠ sick,ill
≠ old
Beth is a young girl.
Other words and phrases
32
33
34
35
36
and
)‫حرف العطف (و‬
Tom and Mary study French.
bye
‫الى اللقاء‬
Bye, Pete. See you tomorrow.
hi
‫مرحبا‬
= hello
Hi. My name is David.
hundred
‫مائة‬
There are one hundred cadets in my barracks.
let’s
‫دعنا‬
37
Miss
Mr.
Mrs.
Ms.
38
now
‫اآلن \ حاال‬
I’m tired. I want to go home now.
39
40
41
42
or
100
Let's + Verb 1
I’m hungry. Let’s have lunch.
‫آنسة‬
‫السيد‬
‫السيدة‬
‫السيدة‬
= goodbye, see you
later
= a woman, not married
= a man
= a women, married
= a women, married or single
≠ later
)‫حرف التخيير (أو‬
‘Is Frank young or old?’ ‘He is old.’
too
)‫جدا (بشكل سلبي‬
John speaks English. He speaks French, too.
very
‫جدا‬
Tom is very sick. Where’s the hospital?
Glad to meet you.
Nice to meet you.
‫سعدت بلقائك‬
‫سعدت بلقائك‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
43
44
Vocabulary
What time is it?
It’s 7 o’clock.
‫كم الساعة؟‬
Excuse me.
‫ المعذرة‬,‫عفوا‬
.‫انها الساعة السابعة‬
Excuse me. What time is it?
Numbers
100
hundred
200
two hundred
205
two hundred and five
240
two hundred and forty
255
two hundred and fifty-five
279
two hundred and seventy-nine
286
two hundred and eighty-six
300
three hundred
‫مائة‬
‫مائتان‬
‫مائتان و خمسة‬
‫مائتان و اربعون‬
‫مائتان و خمسة و خمسون‬
‫مائتان و تسعة و سبعون‬
‫مائتان و ستة و ثمانون‬
‫ثالث مائة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
Air Force (n)
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
‫القوات الجوية‬
Pilots fly planes in the Air Force.
answer (n)
‫اجابة‬
What is the answer to this question?
barracks (n)
‫سكن الطلبة‬
Cadets sleep in the barracks.
base (n)
‫قاعدة‬
King Abdulaziz air base is in Dhahran.
Base Exchange (BX) (n)
)‫مركز تجاري (في القاعدة‬
We buy pens and books at the BX.
bed (n)
‫سرير‬
Tom sleeps in his bed in the barracks.
building (n)
‫مبنى‬
Barracks and dining halls are buildings on a base.
bulletin board (n)
Examples: school,
barracks, hospital
‫لوحة اعالنات‬
The schedule is on the bulletin board.
bus (n)
‫باص‬
The bus to Chicago leaves at 8 o’clock.
bus stop (n)
‫موقف الحافلة‬
‘Where is the bus?’ ‘At the bus stop’.
commissary (n)
‫بقالة القاعدة‬
I buy food at the commissary.
dining hall (n)
‫قاعة االكل‬
We eat lunch in the dining hall.
dispensary (n)
‫ عيادة داخلية‬/ ‫صيدلية‬
The cadets go to the dispensary for medicine.
hospital (n)
‫مستشفى‬
Doctors work at the hospital.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
29
= supermarket, store
= mess hall, chow hall
= pharmacy
= medical center
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
library (n)
Vocabulary
‫مكتبة‬
Books and magazines are in the library.
mess hall (n)
‫قاعة الطعام‬
The cadets eat in the mess hall.
office (n)
‫مكتب‬
Mr. Smith is in his office.
question (n)
‫سؤال‬
Ask your teacher a question.
room (n)
‫غرفة‬
Please go to room 219.
schedule (n)
‫جدول‬
The schedule is on the bulletin board.
snack bar (n)
= timetable
‫ركن الوجبات الخفيفة‬
There are food and drinks at the snack bar.
Verbs
22
23
24
answer (v)
‫جاوب‬
Please answer the question.
ask (v)
‫أسأل‬
Ask your teacher a question.
belong to (v)
… ‫يعود ل‬
This book belongs to Mr. Green.
Other words
25
26
27
28
at (place) (prep)
)‫في (للمكان‬
Tom is at the hospital.
big (adj)
‫كبير‬
≠ small
= large
These office buildings are big.
inside (prep) ‫في الداخل‬
≠ outside
The board is inside the classroom.
our
‫لنا‬
belongs to me + you
This is our classroom.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
outside (prep)
Vocabulary
‫خارجا‬
≠ inside
The bus stop is outside.
small (adj)
‫صغير‬
≠ large, big
The Library is small.
their
‫لهم‬
That’s Tom and Simon’s office. It’s their office.
thousand
‫ألف‬
There are one thousand cadets in the SEL.
where
‫أين ؟‬
Where are you from? I am from Dammam.
whose
belongs to 2+ people, not
me
1000
= place, location
(e.g. Abha, classroom)
‫لمن ؟‬
‘Whose office is this?’ ‘It’s Jennifer’s office.’
your
‫لك‬
This isn’t my notebook. It’s your notebook.
Excuse me, please.
belongs to you
‫ لو سمحت‬,‫المعذرة‬
Excuse me, please. Where is the mess hall?
Thank you, sir.
‫شكرا لك‬
Numbers
1,000
a thousand
‫ألف‬
10,000
ten thousand
‫عشرة آالف‬
100,000
a hundred thousand
‫مائة ألف‬
1,000,000
a million
‫مليون‬
6,789
six thousand, seven hundred and eight-nine
56,789
fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and eight-nine
456,789
four hundred fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and eight-nine
3,456,789
three million, four hundred fifty-six thousand, seven hundred
and eight-nine
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
alphabet (n)
= similar meaning
‫الحروف الهجائية‬
The alphabet has 26 letters.
apple (n)
‫تفاحة‬
‫موزة‬
A banana is a fruit.
Tim is having a banana.
beef (n)
)‫لحم (بقري‬
I like to eat beef hamburgers.
bread (n)
a,b,c,d,e,f,g …
An apple is a fruit.
Mary is eating an apple.
banana (n)
≠opposites
Beef is a meat.
‫خبز‬
Jane is eating bread.
breakfast (n)
‫افطار‬
The cadets have breakfast in the mess hall.
cherry (n)
‫كرز‬
Cherry is a fruit.
Cherries are very small.
chicken (n)
‫دجاجة‬
Chicken is a meat.
Tim is eating chicken and rice.
coffee (n)
‫قهوة‬
Coffee is a drink.
I like to drink black coffee.
consonant (n)
Breakfast is in the
morning (e.g. 7 am)
‫حرف ساكن‬
B, C, D, G, M, J, S are consonants.
dinner (n)
‫عشاء‬
They eat their dinner in the dining hall.
drink (n)
‫مشروب‬
Orange juice is my favorite drink.
egg (n)
Dinner is in the
evening (e.g. 7 pm)
Examples: tea, coffee,
water, juice
‫بيض‬
I have eggs for breakfast.
fish (n)
‫سمك‬
Kelly doesn’t like to eat fish.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
food (n)
Vocabulary
‫طعام‬
Tim is buying food at the commissary.
fruit (n)
‫فاكهة‬
Examples: apple,
banana, orange
I like to eat fruit.
juice (n)
‫عصير‬
Juice is a drink.
He is drinking orange juice.
lamb (n)
)‫لحم (ضأن‬
John is eating lamb.
lunch (n)
‫غداء‬
Lunch is in the
afternoon. (e.g. 1 pm)
‫وجبة‬
Examples: breakfast,
lunch and dinner
‫لحم‬
Examples: beef,
chicken, lamb, pork
Lunch is at 1pm.
meal (n)
Lunch is my favorite meal.
meat (n)
Lamb is a meat.
Dave is having rice and meat for dinner.
milk (n)
‫حليب‬
I have milk with my coffee.
movie (n)
‫فلم‬
My family is watching a movie now.
orange (n)
‫برتقالة‬
An orange is a fruit.
Tom is eating an orange.
pear (n)
‫كمثرى‬
A pear is a fruit.
Simon is having a pear at lunch.
pork (n)
)‫لحم (خنزير‬
Donald is eating pork. Muslims don’t eat pork.
rice (n)
Pork is a meat.
‫رز‬
Mary is buying rice at the commissary.
salad (n)
‫سلطة‬
I am eating chicken and salad.
tea (n)
‫شاي‬
Iced tea, hot tea
Let’s have tea.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
30
31
32
toast (n)
Vocabulary
‫خبز التوست‬
Mr Bale is eating eggs and toast for breakfast.
vowel (n)
‫حرف علة‬
A, E, I, O and U are vowels.
water (n)
‫ماء‬
Water is a drink.
Tim is thirsty. He is drinking water.
Verbs
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
buy (v)
‫يشتري‬
You buy eggs and fish at the commissary.
come (v)
‫تعال‬
Come with me to the mess hall.
come on (v)
‫هيا بنا‬
= hurry up
Come on, let’s go.
drink (v)
‫يشرب‬
I drink orange juice at breakfast.
eat (v)
‫يأكل‬
I eat rice and chicken for lunch.
read (v)
‫يقرأ‬
I read books and magazines.
study (v)
‫ يذاكر‬/ ‫يدرس‬
Cadets study English in the TSI.
talk (v)
‫يتحدث‬
= chat, speak
I talk to my sister by phone.
watch (v)
= learn
‫يشاهد‬
I watch movies at home.
Other words and phrases
42
43
an
‫ واحدة‬/ ‫واحد‬
This is an apple. That is an egg.
bored (adj)
‫متملل‬
≠ interested
I’m bored. Let’s watch a movie.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
Use an before a, e, i,
o, u.
34
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
both
Vocabulary
‫كالهما‬
I like to eat chicken and fish. I like to eat both.
here
both = two
‫هنا‬
Tim’s pencil isn’t on the desk. It’s here.
hungry (adj)
‫جائع‬
I’m hungry. Let’s have lunch.
just
‫فقط‬
= only
He has just $2.
now
‫اآلن \ حاال‬
I’m hungry. Let’s go to the mess hall now.
thirsty (adj)
= at the moment
≠ later
‫عطشان‬
Tim is thirsty. He is drinking water.
Me too.
‫أنا أيضا‬
‘I’m very tired.’ ‘Me too.’
How about you?
What about you?
‫ماذا عنك ؟‬
‫ماذا عنك ؟‬
Hi, how are you?’ ‘I’m fine. How about you?’
52
Not really
‫ليس بذاك الحد‬
‘Are you hungry?’ ‘Not really.’
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Lesson 4
1
Vocabulary
Nouns
homework (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫واجب منزلي‬
Tom is doing his homework.
Verbs
2
3
4
check (v)
‫تأكد‬
Let’s check your answers.
count (v)
‫عد‬
How many cadets are in your class? Count them.
do (v)
‫افعل‬
What are you doing?
Other words and phrases
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
correct (adj)
‫صحيح‬
= right
≠ incorrect, wrong
Is my answer correct?
different (adj)
‫مختلف‬
Our answers are not the same. They are different.
nothing
‫ال شيء‬
‘What’s in the box?’ ‘Nothing. It’s empty.’
right (adj)
‫صح‬
‫مثله‬
Sam and Tim have a Toyota. They have the same car.
who
≠ something
= correct
≠ incorrect, wrong
Tim’s answer isn’t wrong. It’s right.
same (adj)
≠ same
≠ different
‫من ؟‬
‘Who is your teacher?’ ‘Mr. Smith.’
wrong
‫خطأ‬
Mary’s answer isn’t correct. It’s wrong.
It’s time for …
‫حان وقت ال‬.
It’s time for lunch. Let’s go to the dining hall.
Me, too
‘I’m tired.’
= incorrect
≠ correct, right
It's time for + noun
It's time to + V1
‫و أنا أيضا‬
‘Me, too.’
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
14
15
Nothing much.
‘What is Tim doing?’
Vocabulary
‫ال جديد يذكر‬
‘Nothing much. He’s tired.’
You’re welcome.
‘Thank you very much.’
= not very much
)‫على الرحب و السعة (يا مرحبا‬
‘You’re welcome John.’
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
37
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2 Grammar
1. Plural nouns
(Lesson 1. Pg.10)
‫جمع االسماء‬
Add s to most nouns when there is more than one.
)‫ ألغلب االسماء عندما تتحدث عن اكثر من واحد (ال يوجد مثنى‬s ‫اضف‬
a or an before the noun means one. Don’t add s.
S ‫ لذلك ال نضف حرف‬,‫ قبل االسم تعني المفرد‬an ‫ و ال‬a ‫ال‬
Example:
Spelling:
one car / a car
two cars
change y to ies
one baby
three babies
nouns with x, add es
one box
five boxes
Some nouns have different plurals.
E.g.
2.
‫ببعض االسماء لديها صيغة جمع مختلفة‬
a person
two people
a child
two children
a woman
two women
a man
two men
Making sentences with adjectives
Use adjectives to describe people/things.
Sentences =
Subject
+
Verb BE +
(Lesson 1. Pg. 12)
.‫نستخدم الصفات لوصف الناس و االشياء‬
adjective
.‫الجملة االسمية = فاعل ثم فعل مساعد (الكينونة ) ثم صفة‬
I
am
You
are
old.
young.
happy.
He / She / It
is
sad.
hot.
We/You/They
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
are
38
cold.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Question =
Verb BE
Grammar
+ Subject + Adjective
.‫ ال تنسى وضع عالمة االستفهام‬.‫اما سؤال الجملة االسمية = فعل (الكينونة ) ثم الفاعل ثم الصفة‬
Am
old?
I
young?
Are
you
Is
he / she / it
happy?
sad?
cold?
Are
In questions, put verb BE
before the subject
3.
hot?
we/you/they
.‫في السؤال نقلب الفعل مكان الفاعل‬
and / or
(Lesson 1. Pg.20)
Use and to join two things.
.‫( لضم شيئين مع بعضهما في جملة واحدة أو لضم جملتين مع بعضهما‬and) ‫نستخدم حرف العطف‬
Examples:
Peter is happy. Ted is happy
Peter and Ted are happy.
Sarah is tired. Janet is tired.
Sarah and Janet are tired.
Use or to choose between two or more things.
.‫ للمشاورة بين شيئين او اكثر‬or ‫نستخدم حرف التخيير‬
Is he old or young?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
Is it hot or cold?
39
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Grammar
4. Questions using where
(Lesson 2. Pg. 34)
Use where to ask questions about place/location.
.‫ تذكر كتابة الحرف االول بالشكل الكبير‬.‫ للسؤال عن المكان‬where ‫نستخدم‬
Questions =
Where
+
Verb BE
+
subject
is
the map?
are
the books?
Where
Answer =
5.
Subject
+
Verb BE
+
location
The map
is
on the wall.
The books
are
on the desk.
Possessive adjectives: our / your / their
(Lesson 2. Pg 42)
Our, your and their show possession. Put them before the noun.
.‫ ضعها قبل االسم‬.‫تستخدم ضمائر الملكية للداللة على التملك‬
This
is
That
This is their TV.
These
Those
are
our
book.
your
pen.
their
classroom.
our
books.
your
shoes.
their
bags.
Put our, your and their before the noun.
‫ضمائر الملكية تسبق االسم‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
40
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Grammar
6. Whose
(Lesson 2. Pg.44)
Use whose to ask questions about possession. After whose, put a noun.
.‫ االسم مباشرة‬whose ‫ نضع بعد‬.‫ للسؤال عن الملكية‬whose ‫نستخدم‬
7.
Whose + noun
1
Whose TV is this?
This is their TV.
Whose bags are those?
Those are our bags.
Present progressive
(Lesson 3. Pg.56)
Use present progressive to describe what you are doing now.
)‫نستخدم الفعل المضارع المستمر للداللة على ما نفعله االن ( في الوقت الحالي‬
Sentence =
Question =
Subject
+ Verb BE +
Verb-ing
+ Object
I
am
eating
breakfast
You/We/They
are
drinking
coffee
She/He/It
is
playing
football
Verb-ing
+ Object
+
now.
Verb BE
+ Subject
Am
I
eating
breakfast
Are
you/we/they
drinking
coffee
Is
she/he/it
playing
football
‫في السؤال نضع فعل الكينونة‬
‫قبل الفاعل‬
In questions, put verb BE
before the subject
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
now?
41
Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Grammar
8. Let’s
(Lesson 4. Pg.77)
Use let’s to make a suggestion. After let’s, put Verb 1.
.‫ ثم نضع بعده التصريف االول للفعل‬let’s ‫ نستخدم الفعل‬،‫لالقتراح‬
Examples:
Tom: I’m hungry.
Jack: OK. Let’s go eat.
Sally: I’m bored.
Sarah: Me too. Let’s watch a movie.
Let’s + Verb 1
9. Using who to ask questions
(Lesson 4. Pg.79)
Use who to make questions about people.
.‫ للسؤال عن االشخاص‬who ‫نستخدم‬
Eg: Who are they?
Who is he?
Who is talking?
Who is = Who’s
They are students.
He is my teacher.
Tom is talking.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 2
Grammar
10. Present progressive questions with what
(Lesson 4. Pg.83)
Use what with present progressive verbs to ask about
what is happening now.
[ What is = What’s ]
)‫ مع الفعل المضارع المستمر للسؤال عن ما يحدث االن (في الوقت الحالي‬what ‫نستخدم‬
What
+ Verb BE
What
+ Subject
+
Verb-ing
am
I
eating?
are
you/we/they
drinking?
is
She/He/It
playing?
What is he drinking?
11. Present progressive questions with where
(Lesson 4. Pg. 86)
Use where with present progressive verbs to ask about where
something is happening now.
)‫ مع الفعل المضارع المستمر للسؤال عن المكان الذي يحدث فيه الشيء االن (في الوقت الحالي‬where ‫نستخدم‬
Where
Where
+ Verb BE
+ Subject
am
I
eating?
are
you/we/they
drinking?
is
she/he/it
playing?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
43
+
Verb-ing
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Nouns
afternoon (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫مساء‬
We go to the library in the afternoon
class (n)
‫حصة دراسية‬
The next class is at 9:00 a.m.
evening (n)
‫ليل‬
= after 6:00 p.m.
Ali goes to bed in the evening.
lesson (n)
= lesson
‫درس‬
Do you have a lesson in the library?
midnight (n)
‫منتصف الليل‬
John goes to bed at midnight on Friday.
morning (v)
= 12.00 a.m.
‫صباح‬
I get up at 5.00 a.m. every morning.
night (n)
‫ليل‬
The school is closed at night.
noon (n)
‫ظهر‬
= midday/12:00 p.m.
Saleh eats a snack at noon.
shower (n)
‫استحمام‬
Paul takes a shower in the evening.
snack (n)
‫وجبة خفيفة‬
We have a snack in the afternoon.
= a small meal
Examples: sandwich,
fruit, chocolate, donut
Verbs
do/does (v)
11
Do you watch television in the afternoon?
Does he study in the barracks?
don’t/doesn’t (v)
12
13
‫فعل مساعد في بداية السؤال‬
In negatives:
I/you/we/they don’t…
He/she/it doesn’t …
‫اليفعل‬
We don’t get up early on Saturday.
Ahmed doesn’t go to the gym.
get dressed (v)
)‫يلبس (يتجهز‬
Jerry gets dressed after he eats breakfast.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
In questions:
Do I/you/we/they..?
Does he/she/it…?
44
= put clothes on
≠ take clothes off
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
14
15
16
17
18
19
get up (v)
‫يستيقظ‬
We get up early every day. School starts at 6 a.m.
shave (v)
≠ go to sleep / bed
‫يحلق ذقن‬
Every morning, I shower and shave.
shower (v)
‫يستحم‬
= take a shower
I shower before breakfast.
sleep (v)
‫ينام‬
The cadets sleep in the barracks.
swim (v)
‫يسبح‬
We swim at 7 pm every evening.
want (v)
‫يريد‬
They are thirsty. They want some water.
Adjectives and adverbs
20
21
22
23
24
early (adj)
‫مبكرا‬
≠ late
I don’t get up early on Saturday.
every (adj)
‫كل‬
Sam goes to the gym every day at 3.00 p.m.
hungry (adj)
= each
‫جائع‬
I’m hungry now. Let’s go to the dining hall.
late (adj)
‫متأخر‬
≠ early
We go to bed late on Friday night.
thirsty (adj)
‫عطشان‬
I want some water. I’m thirsty.
Other words and phrases
25
26
27
after (prep)
‫بعد‬
≠ before
The cadets relax after classes.
before (prep)
‫قبل‬
Clean your room before you go to bed.
for
≠ after
)‫لمدة (وقت‬
Jake eats eggs for breakfast.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
45
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
28
29
30
31
32
33
at (prep)
)‫في (وقت‬
at midnight / night /
noon / 6 o’clock
)‫في (وقت‬
in the morning /
afternoon / evening
We play tennis at noon.
in (prep)
Pvt. Brown swims in the afternoon.
a.m.
‫صباحا‬
I have breakfast in the morning - at 6.30 a.m.
p.m.
‫مساء‬
The lesson is in the afternoon – at 3.30 p.m.
take a shower
= in the morning;
before noon
= in the afternoon;
after 12 noon
‫أستحم‬
We takes a shower before breakfast.
go to bed
‫أذهب الى السرير‬
I go to bed at 11 o’clock every day.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
46
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposite
airplane (n)
‫طائرة‬
Ahmed takes an airplane to Jeddah every week.
Arabic (n)
= plane, aircraft
‫عربي‬
Arabic is a language. Ahmed speaks Arabic.
car (n)
‫سيارة‬
Tom has a car. Do you have a car?
french fries (n)
‫بطاطس مقلية‬
Let’s have steak and french fries for dinner.
hamburger (n)
‫برجر لحم‬
A hamburger is a fast
food.
‫لغة‬
Examples:
Chinese
English
French
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Russian
Spanish
I want a hamburger for lunch.
language (n)
Spanish and French are languages.
I speak French.
They don’t speak Korean in Spain.
plane (n)
‫طائرة‬
I take a plane to Tabuk. Pilots fly planes.
taxi (n)
Fries are a fast food.
‫صيني‬
‫إنجليزي‬
‫فرنسي‬
‫إيطالي‬
‫ياباني‬
‫كوري‬
‫روسي‬
‫اسباني‬
= airplane, aircraft
‫سيارة اجرة‬
Jill takes a taxi to the office every day.
train (n)
‫قطار‬
The train leaves for Dammam every 2 hours.
truck (n)
‫شاحنة‬
Tim doesn’t have a car. He has a truck.
Verbs
11
has (v)
)‫لديه (يملك‬
He/she/it has
Mr Jones has 12 students in his class.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
47
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
have (v)
)‫لدي (أملك‬
I/you/we/they have
I have two sisters.
hear (v)
‫يسمع‬
The students hear the word and repeat it.
know (v)
= listen to
‫يعلم‬
Do you know Mr Smith? Yes I do.
learn (v)
‫يتعلم‬
The cadets learn 20 words every day.
leave (v)
‫يرحل‬
= depart
The bus leaves at noon.
say (v)
‫ينطق‬
I say ‘hello’ to my teacher every morning.
speak (v)
‫يتحدث‬
What languages do you speak?
Other words and phrases
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
always (adv)
‫دائما‬
Jack always goes to the gym on Saturdays.
never (adv)
)‫أبدا (للنفي‬
I never eat breakfast.
sometimes (adv)
‫أحيانا‬
Sometimes I eat in a restaurant.
how often
= all the time
≠ never
≠ always
= occasionally
‫كم مرة ؟‬
How often do you go to the Learning Center?
on (day of week) (prep)
)‫في (يوم‬
We take the train to Dallas on Friday.
when
‫متى ؟‬
When is the dispensary open?
= what time
have a hamburger for lunch ‫ يأكل برجر للغداء‬Let’s
have a hamburger for lunch.
take a taxi
‫استخدم تاكسي‬
Let’s take a taxi to the airport.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
American cities
Boston ‫بوسطن‬
Chicago ‫شيكاغو‬
Houston ‫هيوستن‬
Los Angeles ‫لوس انجلس‬
Miami ‫ميامي‬
New York ‫نيويورك‬
San Francisco ‫سان فرانسيسكو‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nouns
answer sheet (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫ورقة االجابة‬
Write your answers on the answer sheet.
booklet (n)
‫كتيب‬
The test booklet is on the table.
dictionary (n)
‫قاموس‬
Find the word in the dictionary.
hour (hr.) (n)
‫ساعة‬
60 minutes = 1 hour
There are sixty minutes in an hour.
minute (n)
‫دقيقة‬
60 seconds= 1
minute
The lesson will finish in 1 minute.
month (n)
‫شهر‬
12 months = 1 year
‘What month is this?’ ‘It’s March.’
quiz (n)
‫اختبار قصير‬
Answer every question on the quiz.
second (n)
‫ثانية‬
‘How many seconds are in 2 minutes?’ ‘120.’
test (n)
‫اختبار‬
60 seconds= 1
minute
= quiz, exam
We have a Spanish test tomorrow.
test booklet (n)
= test
‫كتيب االختبار‬
Answer all the questions in the test booklet.
year (n)
‫عام‬
There are 12 months in a year.
Verbs
12
13
14
choose (v)
‫اختر‬
Choose the correct answer in the test.
look up (a word in a book) (v) ‫ابحث داخل كتاب‬
Look up the word in the dictionary.
mark (v)
= select
= find a word
‫ضع عالمة‬
Mark the answer on the answer sheet.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
15
16
17
18
19
memorize (v)
‫يحفظ‬
Don’t only memorize words. Use them in class.
review (v)
‫يراجع‬
= study again
Review the lessons before the test.
select (v)
‫يختار‬
= choose
Select the correct answer.
was (v)
‫كان‬
I/He/she/it was
He was in Spain two years ago.
were (v)
‫ كانوا‬/ ‫كنت‬
We were in Riyadh yesterday.
We/you/they were
Other words and phrases
20
21
ago
‫قبل‬/ ‫منذ‬
I was in Dallas two months ago.
last (adj)
‫آخر‬
This week, I am in the TSI. Last week, I was in Jeddah.
22
next (adj)
‫التالي‬
This month is March. Next month is April.
23
yesterday
‫البارحة‬
Today is Monday. Yesterday was Sunday.
24
25
how many
)‫كم ؟ (عدد‬
‘How many students are in the class?’ ‘Ten.’
Where are you from?
‫من اين انت؟‬
I’m from Boston, in the US.
‫انا من بوسطن في الواليات المتحدة االمريكية‬
26
How was the movie?
It wasn’t bad?
‫كيف كان الفيلم؟‬
‫لم يكن سيئا‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
27
28
Months of the year
January
(Jan.)
February
(Feb.)
March
(Mar.)
April
(Apr.)
May
June
(Jun.)
July
(Jul.)
August
(Aug.)
September
(Sept.)
October
(Oct.)
November
(Nov.)
December
(Dec.)
Countries
Canada
China
Egypt
England
France
Japan
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Spain
the United States (the US)
Venezuela
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
‫كندا‬
‫الصين‬
‫مصر‬
‫انجلترا‬
‫فرنسا‬
‫اليابان‬
‫روسيا‬
‫السعودية‬
‫اسبانيا‬
‫الواليات المتحدة‬
‫فنزويال‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Air Force (n)
‫القوات الجوية‬
Ali is a pilot. He works for the Royal Saudi Air Force.
airman (n)
‫ طيار‬/‫عسكري في القوات الجوية‬
Ahmed is in the Air Force. He is an airman.
Army (n)
Airmen and pilots
work in the Air Force.
‫الجيش‬
Peter is a soldier in the Army.
colonel (n)
)‫عقيد (رتبة‬
Colonel Saleh is an officer in the Air Force.
civilian (n)
‫مدني‬
Brad isn’t in the military. He’s a civilian.
driver (n)
≠ military
‫شاحنة‬/‫سائق سيارة‬
A driver of a car.
military (n)
‫عسكرية‬
Josh is in the military. He is a soldier.
Marine (n)
≠ civilian
‫البحرية‬
Hank is a Marine. He’s in the Marines.
Marine Corps (n)
‫مشاة البحرية‬
Paul is in the Marine Corps.
Navy (n)
‫القوات البحرية‬
Andy is a sailor in the Navy.
officer (n)
‫ضابط‬
Saleh is an officer in the Army.
sailor (n)
‫عسكري بحار‬
Sailors work in the
Navy.
‫جندي‬
Soldiers work in the
Army.
Sailors are in the Navy.
soldier(n)
Abdullah is a soldier in the Army.
work (n)
‫عمل‬
I drive to work every day.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
Verbs
15
16
17
18
19
drive (v)
‫ شاحنة‬/ ‫يقود سيارة‬
Paul drives to New York every weekend.
fly (v)
‫ يحلق بالطائرة‬/‫يطير‬
We fly to Houston tomorrow.
walk (v)
= take a plane
‫يمشي‬
Every Tuesday I walk to the office. I don’t drive.
want to (v)
‫يريد‬
Paul wants to go to the cinema at the weekend.
work (v)
‫يعمل‬
We work from 9.00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Other words and phrases
all right
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
‫حسنا‬
(1) Yes, okay
‘Let’s go to the mess hall for lunch.’ ‘All right, let’s go.’
(2) Not bad, quite good
‫مقبول‬
‘Do you like the food here?’ ‘It’s all right.’
bad (adj)
‫سيء‬
Tim is a bad student. He doesn’t study.
enlisted (adj)
≠ good
)‫يسجل (يشارك في العسكرية‬
Jose is enlisted in the Army. He’s a soldier.
good (adj)
‫جيد‬
Mohammed is a good student. He studies hard.
new (adj)
‫جديد‬
≠ old
My car isn’t old – it’s new.
right now (adv)
‫حاال‬
= now, immediately
≠ later
I want to go home right now.
short (adj)
‫قصير‬
≠ tall
Jill isn’t tall – she’s short.
tall (adj)
‫طويل‬
≠ short
Mr Jones is a tall man.
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≠ bad
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Vocabulary
there
28
‫ ها هم‬/‫ها هي‬
‘Where’s my pen?’ ‘There it is.’
‘Where are the students?’ ‘There they are.’
Other words and phrases
in (the Air Force / the Army / the Navy) (prep)
29
‫ في القوات البحرية‬/‫ في الجيش‬/‫في القوات الجوية‬
Jim is in the Army.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
1. Simple present tense - positive
(L1. Pg.6)
Use the simple present tense to talk about things you do regularly
(routines).
‫استخدم زمن المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن االشياء التي تفعلها عادة‬
Subject
Verb
information
I/ We / They / You
eat
lunch every afternoon.
Add s to the present tense verb after a singular noun, he, she and it.
.he, she, it ‫ للفعل المضارع عند استخدامه بعد االسماء المفردة او‬s ‫اضف‬
2.
Subject
Verb
information
My brother
He / She / It
eats
lunch every afternoon.
Simple present tense – negative
(L1. Pg.11)
Use do not or don’t with a plural noun, I, we, they and you.
I, we, they, you ‫ مع جمع االسماء او‬don’t ‫ او‬do not ‫استخدم‬
Subject
I/ We / They / You /
The cadets
do not
don’t
Verb
information
eat
breakfast every
morning.
Use does not or doesn’t with a singular noun, he, she and it.
.he, she, it ‫ مع االسماء المفردة او‬doesn’t ‫ او‬does not ‫استخدم‬
Subject
He / She / It /
David
does not
doesn’t
Verb
information
eat
breakfast every day.
eat
breakfast every day.
In negative sentences, don’t write s after the verb
‫ للفعل‬s ‫ ال تقم بإضافة‬,‫في حالة النفي‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
3. Simple present tense – yes/no questions
(L1. Pg.18-21)
Use do to make questions with a plural noun, I, we, they and you.
I, we, they, you ‫ لتكوين السؤال مع جمع االسماء او‬do ‫استخدم‬
Subject
Verb
information
Do
Bob and Jane
eat
in the mess hall?
Use does with a singular noun, he, she and it.
.he, she, it ‫ لتكوين السؤال مع االسماء المفردة او‬does ‫استخدم‬
Subject
Verb
information
Does
Richard
eat
in the mess hall?
In questions, put do / does before the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬do / does ‫ ضع‬,‫في حالة السؤال‬
4. Simple present questions with who
( L2. Pg.29)
You can use Who instead of the subject to make questions.
‫ بدال عن الفاعل لتكوين االسئلة‬who ‫بإمكانك استخدام‬
subject
subject
subject
Who
studies
every day?
David
studies
every day.
The cadets
study
every day.
Who
is
Fahad’s teacher?
Mr Smith
is
Fahad’s teacher.
Who studies every day?
day.
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David studies every
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
5. Present tense information questions
(L2. Pg.39)
Questions
What
Answers
do/does
Subject
Verb
Subject
Verb
does
Tom
study?
Tom
studies
English.
What ask about a thing /
noun
‫ اسم‬/ ‫ للسؤال عن شيء‬What
When
do/does
Subject
Verb
Subject
Verb
does
Tom
study?
Tom
studies
at 6:30.
When ask about a time
‫ للسؤال عن الوقت‬When
Where
do/does
Subject
Verb
Subject
Verb
does
Tom
study?
Tom
studies
in class 45.
Where ask about a place /
location
‫ للسؤال عن المكان او الموقع‬Where
6. Adverbs – always, sometimes and never
(L2. Pg.42)
always
sometimes
never
100%
of the time
50%
of the time
0%
of the time
Put always, sometimes and never before most verbs.
‫ قبل اغلب االفعال‬always, sometimes, never ‫ضع‬
But put these words after verb BE.
BE ‫ولكن ضع هذه الكلمات بعد افعال‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
Examples
Jason is always late for class.
Kate never does her homework.
7. Questions with How many
(L3. Pg.54/55)
How many
cadets
are in your class?
How many
books
do you have?
does John see?
Use a plural noun after how many
how many ‫استخدم جمع االسماء بعد‬
8. Past tense of BE – was and were
were ‫ و‬was ‫ هي‬BE ‫صيغة الماضي من‬
This year, Mousa is a cadet.
(L3. Pg.59)
Last year, Mousa was a civilian.
BE - now
BE – in the past
am
I
am not
I
‘m not
He/
She/
It
is
We/
You/
They
are
is not
was
was not
in Dammam today.
isn’t
are not
aren’t
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59
He/
She/
It
wasn’t
We/
You/
They
were
in Riyadh
yesterday.
were not
weren’t
Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
9. Yes/no past tense questions with BE
BE ‫ال في الزمن الماضي باستخدام افعال‬/‫اسئلة نعم‬
In sentences = SUBJECT + Verb (BE)
(L3. Pg.59)
BE ‫ فعل‬+ ‫في الجمل = الفاعل‬
Subject
BE
information
We / They / You
were
in New York last week.
I / He / She / It
was
in Boston last month.
In questions = Verb (BE) + SUBJECT
‫ الفاعل‬+ BE ‫في االسئلة = فعل‬
BE
Subject
information
Were
we / you / they
in New York last week?
Was
he / she / it
in Boston last month?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
10. want to + verb
(L4. Pg.86 - 88)
Positive
Subject
Sentence
I/ We/ They / You
He / She / It
want to
Verb1
information
want to
study
go
drink
in class.
to the mall.
a coffee.
wants to
Put Verb 1 after want to
want ‫ضع الفعل في التصريف االول بعد‬
to
Negative
Sentence
Subject
want to
Verb1
information
in class.
to the mall.
a coffee.
I/ We / They /
You
don’t
want to
He / She / It
doesn’t
want to
study
go
drink
Subject
want to
Verb1
information
Do
I/ we/ they/ you
want to
Does
he / she / it
want to
study
go
drink
in class?
to the mall?
a coffee?
Yes / No questions
Example:
Do they want to eat?
He wants to eat.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
She doesn’t want to eat.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 3 Grammar
11. Past tense questions: who / what / when / where + BE
(L4. Pg.94 - 97)
A
Sam
was
in France
last year.
Who
was
In France
last year?
The chair
was
in the classroom
yesterday.
Who asks
about a person. ‫ للسؤال عن شخص‬Who
B
In questions, put BE before the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬BE ‫ ضع‬,‫في االسئلة‬
Was
What
the chair
was
in the classroom
yesterday?
in the classroom
yesterday?
What asks about the thing. ‫ للسؤال عن شيء‬What
C
Where
John
was
Tim and Bill
were
Was
John
Were
Tim and Bill
was
John
were
Tim and Bill
in the barracks
last night.
in the barracks
last night?
last night?
Where asks about the place. ‫ للسؤال عن المكان‬Where
D
When
The boy
was
The boys
were
Was
the boy
Were
the boys
was
the boy
were
the boys
at school
yesterday
morning.
at school
last night?
at school?
When asks about the time. ‫ للسؤال عن الزمان‬When
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1a-GRM/VOBV-RB
65
Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Book 5
Book 6
Name: _________________
DLI American Language Course
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1b-GRM/VOC-RB
0
Issue No. 1.0
Tips on using this booklet
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Use this booklet at home and after
to class revise what you learn in
class. Use your main coursebook in
class.
‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما‬
‫ هذا الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب‬.‫تعلمته مع معلمك‬
.‫االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the
grammar and words here, you
must practice using them with
your teacher. To get a 60 in the
ALCPT, you need to know how
‫ عليك‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ حتى تحصل‬.‫ان تمارس استخدامهم مع معلمك‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫على‬
‫ مجرد‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
‫حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
words are used in sentences, and
do this very fast. Memorising a list
and translations will not get you a
60 in the ALCPT.
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60
‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة‬
‫ عكسها او‬,‫ مرادفاتها‬,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫الكلمات‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask
for the spelling, example sentence,
.‫مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬
similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in
the ALCPT, you need more words
than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات عن ما هو متوفر في‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها‬.‫هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes ‫في قسم‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes
section.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 4
3
Grammar
Book 4
16
Vocabulary
Book 5
23
Grammar
Book 5
41
Vocabulary
Book 6
47
Grammar
Book 6
60
Additional vocabulary
69
Key
adjective
‫صفة‬
noun clause
‫شبه جملة اسمية‬
adverb
‫حال‬
object
object pronoun
‫مفعول به‬
‫ضمير المفعول به‬
clause
‫عبارة‬
past simple
conjunction
‫حروف العطف‬
plural
‫ماضي بسيط‬
‫جمع‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
present simple
‫مضارع بسيط‬
example
‫مثال‬
question
Yes/No question
‫ ال‬/ ‫اسئلة نعم‬
‫اسئلة‬
expression
‫مصطلح‬
regular verb
‫فعل منتظم‬
future
‫مستقبل‬
requirement
‫متطلب‬
grammar
‫قواعد اللغة‬
sentence /
statement
indirect object
‫المفعول به غير‬
‫المباشر‬
singular
irregular verb
‫فعل غير منتظم‬
subject
subject pronoun
‫ عبارة‬/ ‫جملة‬
‫مفرد‬
‫فاعل‬
‫ضمير الفاعل‬
negative
‫نفي‬
tense
‫الزمن‬
noun
‫اسم‬
verb
‫فعل‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
ball (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫كرة‬
This is a tennis ball.
baseball (n)
‫كرة المضرب‬
People in America like to play baseball.
basketball (n)
‫كرة السلة‬
I like to watch basketball.
break (n)
‫راحة‬
We have a break at 10am. Let's go for a coffee.
city (n)
= free period of time
‫مدينة‬
London is a big city.
football (n)
‫كرة القدم األمريكية‬
I play football with my friends at the weekend.
game (n)
‫ مباراة‬/ ‫لعبة‬
There is a basketball game on TV today.
restaurant (n)
‫مطعم‬
There is a good restaurant in my town.
show (n)
‫ عرض‬/ ‫فلم‬
Let’s watch a show this evening.
soccer (n)
‫كرة قدم‬
= football (British
English)
There is a soccer match today.
sport (n)
= a performance on
stage
‫رياضة‬
Do you like sport?
team (n)
‫فريق‬
Manchester United is a soccer team.
tennis (n)
‫تنس‬
Do you play tennis?
town (n)
‫بلدة‬
Tom doesn't live in a city. He lives in a small town.
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visit (n)
Vocabulary
‫زيارة‬
I watched a soccer game on a visit to Chicago.
Verbs
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
clean (v)
‫ينظف‬
Mary cleaned the kitchen.
cook (v)
‫يطبخ‬
= make
My mother cooks very good food.
‫أفعل‬
do (v)
I do my homework every evening.
don’t (v)
‫لم أفعل‬
I don’t like to play basketball.
end (v)
‫نهاية‬
= finish
≠ begin, start
The game ended at 8pm.
like (v)
‫يحب‬
= I enjoy eating pizza.
I like to eat pizza.
live (v)
‫يعيش‬
Jerry lives in Los Angeles.
play (v)
‫يلعب‬
I play soccer every weekend.
‫يبدأ‬
start (v)
= begin
≠ end, finish
The lesson starts at 7am.
visit (v)
‫يزور‬
I visited my family last weekend.
Other words
26
27
28
again (adv)
‫مرة أخرى‬
This game is good. Let’s play again.
all
= one more time
‫جميع‬
The students studied all day. Now they are tired.
downtown
‫وسط البلد‬
My father works in a bank downtown.
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= city centre
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Book 4
Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
29
30
31
‫ماذا عنك ؟‬
How about you?
'How are you?'
'I’m fine thanks. How about you?'
How’s it going?
‫كيف االمور؟‬
'Hi Ali. How’s it going?' 'Good thanks. And you?'
Let’s get together
‫لنتقابل سويا‬
Let’s get together at the weekend.
= How are you?
= Let's meet
Cities in America
Boston
Chicago
Dallas
Georgetown
Houston
Los Angeles
New York
San Antonio
San Francisco
Washington
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Lesson 2
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Vocabulary
Nouns
break (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫راحة‬
There is a 20 minute break at 10am.
cap (n)
‫ قبعة‬/‫ طاقية‬/ ‫بريهة‬
He put the cap on his head.
cigarette (n)
‫سيجارة‬
My father smokes 20 cigarettes every day.
‫بطاقة الهوية‬
identification card / ID card (n)
Do you have an ID card?
insignia (n)
‫الشارة‬
The insignia is on his uniform.
military (n)
‫العسكرية‬
My brother joined the military last year.
name tag (n)
‫لوحة االسم‬
All soldiers have a name tag.
pack (n)
‫بكت سجائر‬
I bought 2 packs of cigarettes.
post (n)
‫موقع العمل‬
Peter works at a small army post.
rank (n)
‫الرتبة‬
His rank is first lieutenant.
10
= hat
sergeant / Sgt (n)
second lieutenant / 2nd Lt (n)
first lieutenant / 1st Lt (n)
captain / Capt (n)
major / Maj (n)
colonel / Col (n)
general / Gen (n)
= place of work in the
military
Examples: general,
major, captain
‫عريف‬
‫مالزم‬
‫مالزم أول‬
‫نقيب‬
‫رائد‬
‫عقيد‬
‫فريق أول‬
Peter is a captain in the Navy.
Capt Jones is visiting the base today.
The major spoke to the colonel about the problem.
Maj Wilson spoke to Col Harthi about the problem.
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12
Vocabulary
‫شريط‬
stripe (n)
He has 3 stripes on his uniform.
)‫الزي الرسمي ( البدلة‬
uniform (n)
Cadets wear a uniform every day.
Verbs
13
14
15
become (past = became) (v) ‫ يصير‬/ ‫يصبح‬
He wants to become a major.
begin (past = began) (v)
The lesson begins at 7am.
bring (past = brought) (v)
17
18
= starts
‫ يجيب‬/ ‫يجلب‬
Fred brings his books to class.
‫يحضر‬
report (v)
16
‫ يبدأ‬/ ‫بدأ‬
report for duty / work
report to somebody
Tom reported for duty at 6am.
Tom reported to Gen Black.
‫يحيي تحية عسكرية‬
salute (v)
All cadets salute officers.
smoke (v)
‫يدخن‬
He smokes a pack of cigarettes every day.
Adjectives and adverbs
26
27
28
29
30
31
false (adj)
‫خاطئ‬
≠ true, correct
This answer isn't correct. It's false.
gold (adj)
‫ذهبي‬
Gold is a colour.
The colour of the insignia is gold.
naval (adj)
‫بحرية‬
A sailor works on a naval base.
silver (adj)
‫فضي‬
Silver is a colour.
He has a silver car.
true (adj)
'Is John's story true?'
with
‫صحيح‬
'No, it's false!'
≠ false
‫مع‬
I went to Jeddah with my friend.
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Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
32
33
34
35
‫خذ قسطا من الراحة‬
take a break
Let’s take a break. I’m tired.
‫في الوقت المحدد‬
on time
The students arrived on time. They aren't late.
‫حقا‬
Really?
'I love marching.'
= short period of rest
= at the planned time
≠ late
= are you serious?
'Really?'
22.00 It’s twenty-two hundred hours.
‫ألفان و مائتان‬
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Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫الفاصلة العليا‬
apostrophe (n)
An apostrophe is
punctuation.
This is Tom's coat. apostrophe
‫حزام‬
belt (n)
I wear a belt with my pants.
‫بلوزة‬
blouse (n)
Jane is wearing a blouse.
Women wear blouses.
‫حذاء بووت‬
boots (n)
My boots are new.
‫مالبس‬
clothes (n)
Peter took off his clothes and went to bed.
Examples: pants,
socks, shirt, gloves
‫ معطف‬/ ‫كوت‬
coat (n)
It's cold. I need my coat.
‫فاصلة‬
comma (n)
'Do you like fish?'
'Yes, I do.'
dress (n)
comma
A comma is
punctuation.
‫فستان‬
Mary bought a new dress last week.
gloves (n)
‫قفازات‬
Tom is wearing gloves because it’s cold.
hat (n)
‫قبعة‬
James put the hat on his head.
jacket (n)
‫ سترة‬/ ‫جاكت‬
Steve is wearing brown pants and a red jacket.
pants (n)
‫بنطلون‬
My new pants are black.
‫ فقرة‬/ ) ‫قطعة (مكتوبة‬
paragraph (n)
Write a paragraph about your family.
period (n)
‫نقطة‬
End a sentence with a period.
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A period is
punctuation.
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16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
question mark (n)
‫عالمة االستفهام‬
What's your name?
question mark
punctuation (n)
‫عالمات الترقيم‬
Sentences must have punctuation.
A question mark is
punctuation.
Examples:
period,
comma, apostrophe
‫ أوشحة‬/ ‫وشاح‬
scarf / scarves (n)
Harry put on his scarf because it was cold.
‫جملة‬
sentence (n)
Jim wrote 3 sentences about his weekend.
‫قميص‬
shirt (n)
I bought a new shirt from the store yesterday.
‫حذاء‬
shoes (n)
Gary wears black shoes with his uniform.
‫تنورة‬
skirt (n)
Women wear skirts.
‫بنطلون واسع‬
slacks (n)
Tom is wearing blue slacks and a gray shirt.
= pants
‫جوارب‬
socks (n)
Do you like my new socks?
‫جملة‬
statement (n)
'New York is in Germany.' 'That statement is false!'
‫جوارب نسائية‬
stockings (n)
Betty has black stockings. Women wear stockings.
‫بدلة‬
suit (n)
Martin wore a suit to work last week.
‫كنزة‬
sweater (n)
'It's cold.'
'Put on a sweater.'
tie / necktie (n)
‫ ربطة عنق‬/ ‫كرفتة‬
Tom wears a tie with his suit.
T-shirt (n)
29
Vocabulary
= necktie
‫قميص قطني بأكمام قصيرة‬
Martin wears a T-shirt at home.
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Vocabulary
Verbs
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
‫يستطيع‬
can (v)
Saleh lived in America. He can speak English.
‫ال يستطيع‬
cannot / can’t (v)
'Let's play tennis.' 'Sorry, I can't play tennis!'
fall asleep (past = fell asleep) (v) ‫يغرق في النوم‬
John was tired and fell asleep.
= is able to
can + V1
= isn’t able to
can't + V1
= go to sleep
≠ wake up
‫يعلق‬
hang (past = hung) (v)
Nick hung his clothes on a chair.
‫ربما‬
may (v)
Jack may go to Texas next weekend. I'm not sure.
‫يجب‬
must (v)
= have to
must + V1
You must wear a uniform at work.
‫ال يجب‬
must not / mustn't (v)
= might
may + v1
mustn't + V1
You must not smoke in this room.
‫وضع عالمات الترقيم‬
punctuate (v)
Punctuate your sentences.
‫يلبس‬
put on (past = put on) (v)
Andy put on his coat because it was cold.
take off (past = took off) (v) ‫ يخلع‬/ ‫خلع‬
Ted took off his tie after work.
wake up (past = woke up) (v) ‫ يصحو‬/ ‫صحى‬
Andy wakes up at 6 o'clock every day.
wear (past = wore) (v)
≠ take off
= remove
≠ put on
≠ fall sleep
‫ يلبس‬/ ‫لبس‬
Cadets must wear uniforms.
Adjectives and adverbs
42
43
asleep (adj)
‫نائم‬
Peter is in the barracks. He is asleep.
awake (adj)
‫صاحي‬
Sarah was asleep. Now she is awake.
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≠ awake
≠ asleep
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Book 4
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Vocabulary
‫بشكل جيد‬
well (adv)
Ted can speak Arabic well.
≠ badly, poorly
Other words and phrases
45
46
‫عظيم‬
Great. (adj)
'I passed my test.'
' Great! I'm happy for you.'
Wow, you look great.
‫ تبدو بمظهر جيد‬,‫واو‬
Sally looks great in her new dress.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Vocabulary
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
autumn / fall (n)
‫خريف‬
It's cool in autumn.
Fall is before winter.
Autumn (fall) is a season.
‫موظف‬
clerk (n)
The sales clerk gave Sara $10 change.
‫لون‬
color (n)
Red, blue, yellow and green are colors.
Examples: red, blue,
purple, pink
‫رقص‬
dance (n)
Did they play good music at the dance last night?
headphones/headset (n)
‫ سماعة الرأس‬/ ‫سماعة‬
Bruce listens to music on his headphones.
‫موسيقى‬
music (n)
Jack listens to music after work.
‫فصل‬
season (n)
= spring, summer,
autumn (fall), winter
There are 4 seasons in a year.
spring (n)
It's warm in spring.
store (n)
‫ربيع‬
Spring is before summer.
‫متجر‬
= shop
Jeff went to the store to buy milk.
summer (n)
‫صيف‬
Summer is a season.
The weather is hot in summer.
winter (n)
Spring is a season.
‫شتاء‬
It's cold in winter. Winter is after fall.
Winter is a season.
Verbs
12
13
14
cost (past = cost) (v)
‫يكلف‬
This phone was expensive. It cost $400.
dance (v)
‫يرقص‬
Jackie likes to dance at the weekend.
help (v)
‫يساعد‬
David helped his mother in the kitchen.
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= assist
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Book 4
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16
17
record (v)
Vocabulary
‫يسجل‬
Bob sometimes records music from the radio.
sell (past = sold) (v)
‫ يبيع‬/ ‫باع‬
Joe sold his car last week for $8000.
take (past = took) (v)
≠ buy
(≠ bought)
‫ يحمل‬/ ‫يأخذ‬
Jack always takes his ID to work.
Adjectives and adverbs
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
black (adj)
‫اسود‬
Jeff drives a black car.
blue (adj)
‫ازرق‬
The sky is blue.
brown (adj)
‫بني‬
My boots are brown.
cool (adj)
‫بارد‬
≠ warm
The weather is cool in autumn.
gray (adj)
‫رمادي‬
The clouds are gray today.
green (adj)
‫أخضر‬
Grass is green.
orange (adj)
‫برتقالي‬
Paul is wearing an orange t-shirt.
pink (adj)
‫زهري‬
Mary bought a pink dress.
purple (adj)
‫وردي‬
There are purple flowers in my bedroom.
red (adj)
‫أحمر‬
Bob's T-shirt is red.
warm (adj)
‫دافيء‬
≠ cool
The weather is warm in spring.
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Issue No. 1.0
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30
‫أبيض‬
white (adj)
The walls of the classroom are white.
‫أصفر‬
yellow (adj)
The sun is yellow.
Other words and phrases
Here you are.
31
32
‫تفضل‬
'Do you have a pen?'
'Yes, here you are.'
That looks good.
‫ذلك يبدو جيدا‬
That book looks good. Can I read it?
the day after tomorrow
33
Vocabulary
‫بعد غد‬
Today is Friday. Tomorrow is Saturday. The day
after tomorrow is Sunday.
the day before yesterday. ‫قبل أمس‬
34
35
36
Today is Tuesday. Yesterday was Monday. The
day before yesterday was Sunday.
over here
‫هنا‬
Please come over here and speak to me.
over there
‫هناك‬
There is a desk over there.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4 Grammar
1. Simple past tense - regular verbs
(L1. Pg.10)
Use the simple past tense to talk about things that happened in the past.
‫استخدم زمن الماضي البسيط للتحدث عن أشياء حدثت في الماضي‬
Subject
Verb
detail
I/ You / He / She /
It / We /They
played
football yesterday.
With regular verbs, add ed after the verb
‫ بعد الفعل في األفعال المنتظمة‬ed ‫يضاف‬
2. Simple past tense - negative
(L1. Pg.18)
Use did not or didn’t in simple past negative statements.
‫ في نفي العبارات في الماضي البسيط‬didn’t ‫ او‬did not ‫استخدم‬
Subject
I/ He / She/ It
We /They / You
/ The cadets
did not
didn’t
Verb
detail
eat
breakfast this morning.
In negative sentences, don’t add ed after the verb.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬ed ‫ ضع‬,‫في حالة السؤال‬
3. Simple past tense – yes/no questions
(L1. Pg.22)
Use did to make questions in the simple past tense.
‫ لتكوين سؤال في زمن الماضي البسيط‬did ‫استخدم‬
Did
Subject
Verb
detail
I/ you
he / she / it
we / they
watch
TV yesterday
morning?
In questions, put did before
the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬did ‫ ضع‬،‫في حال السؤال‬
Don’t add ed after the verb.
‫ بعد الفعل‬ed ‫ال تقم بإضافة‬
‫زمن‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
Long answers
Yes,
I/you/he/she
No,
it/we/they
watched
didn’t
TV yesterday
morning.
watch
Short answers
Yes,
I/you/he/she
did.
No,
it/we/they
didn’t.
4. Irregular simple past tense verbs
(L2. Pg.38)
You must learn the spelling of irregular verbs in the past tense.
‫يجب عليك تعلم وحفظ إمالء األفعال الغير منتظمة في الزمن الماضي‬
Irregular verbs – past simple
Present
Past
Present
Present
Past
Past
come
came
fly
flew
say
said
do
did
go
went
see
saw
drink
drank
have
had
sleep
slept
drive
drove
leave
left
speak
spoke
eat
ate
read
read
write
wrote
ate
dinner last night.
drove
home yesterday.
went
to Riyadh last year.
read
a book last week.
spoke
to Bill yesterday.
I
You
He/ She/ It
We
They
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
5. Simple past tense questions with irregular verbs.
(L2. Pg.42)
Use did before the subject and keep the simple form of the verb (Verb 1).
‫ قبل الفاعل مع إبقاء التصريف االول للفعل‬did ‫استخدم‬
Did
Subject
Verb 1
detail
I/you
he/she/it
we/they
speak
to you yesterday?
Use Verb 1 in questions.
‫استخدم التصريف االول للفعل في حال السؤال‬
In questions, put did before
the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬did ‫ ضع‬،‫في حال السؤال‬
‫زمن‬
To make an information question, put a wh- question in front of did.
did ‫ قبل‬Wh- question ‫ ضع‬، ‫لتكوين سؤال استفسار‬
Sentence
The officer
spoke
to the cadets.
Did
the officer
speak
to the cadets?
When
did
the officer
speak
to the cadets?
Why
did
the officer
speak
to the cadets?
Who
did
the officer
speak
to?
Yes/No Question
‘Wh’
Question
Put Wh- question words before did.
did ‫ قبل‬Wh- question ‫ضع‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
6. Can / can’t
(L3. Pg.71/73)
Use can to say that something is possible.
‫ للتحدث عن شيء من الممكن القيام به‬can ‫استخدم‬
Sentence
I
You
He
She
It
We
They
can
cannot
can’t
After can / can’t, put Verb 1.
‫ ضع الفعل في‬can’t ‫ و‬can ‫بعد‬
‫التصريف االول‬
play football
swim
well.
speak English
In questions, put can before the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬can ‫ ضع‬،‫في حال السؤال‬
Question
Can
I
you
he
she
it
we
they
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1b-GRM/VOC-RB
play football
swim
well?
speak English
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
7. Asking information questions with can
(L3. Pg.75)
To make an information question, put a wh- question before can.
can ‫ قبل‬Wh- question ‫لتكوين سؤال استفسار ضع‬
Put Wh- question words before can.
can ‫ قبل‬wh- question ‫ضع كلمات‬
‘Wh’
Question
What
can
you
play?
How often
can
the children
go swimming?
Who
can
play tennis?
How many cadets
can
play soccer?
8. Must / must not (mustn’t)
(L3. Pg.76/79)
Use must when something has to be done. Use must not (mustn’t)
when something should not be done.
‫ لتجنب وعدم القيام بأمر ما‬must not ‫ و تستخدم‬.‫ عندما يحب القيام بأمر ما‬Must ‫استخدم‬
Soldiers
must
wear
uniforms.
Students
must
listen
to the teacher.
You
must not
smoke
in the building.
Cadets
mustn’t
sleep
in the classroom.
After must/ mustn’t, put Verb 1.
‫ تصرف الفعل االول‬must/ mustn’t ‫ضع بعد‬
Examples:
What language must you speak in English class? You must speak English.
Do not eat in class.
You must not/ mustn’t eat in class.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
9. What + noun questions
What
What
(L4. Pg.92)
noun
BE
noun / pronoun
country
are
you
noun
helping verb
sports
do
from?
noun / pronoun verb
you
play?
Examples:
What languages do you speak?  I speak Arabic and English.
What color is your car?  My car is blue.
What job do you do?  I am a cadet.
10. How much…?
(L4. Pg.96)
Use how much to ask for the price of something.
‫ للسؤال عن سعر شيء ما‬how much ‫استخدم‬
Singular object
present tense question
past tense question
does (did)
the car
is (was)
it?
cost?
How much
Plural object
do (did)
the books cost?
How much
are (were) they?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 4
Grammar
11. This, that, these, those
(L4. Pg.98)
Singular
Plural
Near
this
these
Far
that
those
Examples:
This book over here is John’s.
That shirt over there is very expensive.
These socks are blue. I want the black socks over there.
Those students in that class are sleeping.
12. Irregular verbs past simple tense review
(L4. Pg.105)
Present
Present negative
Past
Past negative
I/ do
I do
I don’t do
I did
I didn’t do
he/ eat
he eats
he doesn’t eat
he ate
he didn’t eat
she/ fly
she flies
she doesn’t fly
she flew
she didn’t fly
we/ go
we go
we don’t go
we went
we didn’t go
he/ have
he has
he doesn’t have
he had
he didn’t have
you/ hear
you hear
you don’t hear
you heard
you didn’t hear
Tom/ read
Tom reads
Tom doesn’t read
Tom read
Tom didn’t read
I/ say
I say
I don’t say
I said
I didn’t say
he/ sleep
he sleeps
he doesn’t sleep
he slept
he didn’t sleep
we/ speak
we speak
we don’t speak
we spoke
we didn’t speak
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫كاحل‬
ankle (n)
Your ankle is between your foot and your leg.
‫ساعد‬
arm (n)
An arm is a limb.
The arms of my jacket are too long.
‫جسم‬
body (n)
Tom washes his body in the shower.
‫عظم‬
bone (n)
Tom broke the bone in his leg. He can’t walk.
‫تاريخ‬
date (n)
rd
The date today is March 23 .
drugs (n)
‫دواء‬
Bill is sick. He needs some drugs.
ear (n)
‫أذن‬
I can’t hear anything. The doctors will check my ears.
elbow (n)
We use our ears to
listen.
‫مرفق‬
An elbow is part of your arm.
eye (n)
‫عين‬
I can’t see. The doctor will check my eyes.
eyebrow (n)
eyelash (n)
eyelid (n)
‫حواجب‬
‫رمش‬
‫جفن‬
finger (n)
‫إصبع‬
We use our eyes to
see.
Camels have long
eyelashes.
Don’t point your finger at the teacher.
We use our fingers to
touch.
‫ قدم‬/ ‫أقدام‬
foot / feet (n)
We walk on our feet.
hair (n)
‫شعر‬
Joh has brown hair. His grandfather has white hair.
‫يد‬
We use our hands to
Always wash your hands after you go to the bathroom. hold things.
hand (n)
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
head (n)
Vocabulary
‫رأس‬
Your eyes and ears are on your head.
heel (n)
‫كعب‬
Your heel is part of your foot.
knee (n)
‫ركبة‬
Your knee is part of your leg.
leg (n)
‫ساق‬
William hurt his leg at a soccer game.
limb (n)
)‫ ذراع‬،‫طرف (قدم‬
Your limbs are your arms and legs.
lip (n)
A leg is a limb.
We use our legs to walk.
Examples: arm, leg
‫شفاة‬
The girl has beautiful red lips.
medicine (n)
‫دواء‬
Jim is sick. The doctor gave him medicine.
mouth (n)
‫فم‬
We use our mouth to
eat and speak.
Your teeth are in your mouth.
muscle (n)
‫عضلة‬
Muscles are under the skin. They move our body.
nail (n)
fingernail (n)
toenail (n)
‫ظفر‬
‫ظفر اإلصبع‬
‫ظفر إصبع القدم‬
All of our fingers and toes have nails.
25
26
27
28
neck (n)
‫رقبة‬
Your neck joins our trunk and head.
nose (n)
‫أنف‬
We have only one nose. It’s on our face.
order (n)
‫ترتيب‬
‘Put the cadets in order.’ ‘Okay, Ali is 1st, Talal is 2nd,…
part (n)
We use our nose to
smell.
= sequence
‫جزء‬
A foot is part of a leg. A leg is part of a body.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
shoulder (n)
Vocabulary
‫كتف‬
Bob has a small bag on his shoulder.
skin (n)
‫جلد‬/‫بشرة‬
Our skin is on our bodies. Muscles are under the skin.
throat (n)
‫حلق‬
Can I go to the doctor? My throat hurts.
thumb (n)
Your throat is in your
neck.
‫إبهام‬
We have one thumb and four fingers on each hand.
toe (n)
‫اصبع القدم‬
We have ten toes on our feet.
tongue (n)
‫لسان‬
Your tongue is in your mouth, behind your teeth.
trunk (n)
‫بدن‬
Your trunk is your body without your limbs.
wrist (n)
‫معصم‬
Your wrist is between your hand and your arm.
Verbs
hurt (past = hurt) (v)
37
38
39
40
41
‫يؤلم‬
= is sore
Mary hurt her hand in the kitchen.
My head hurts. I need to go to bed.
move (v)
‫يحرك‬
= make
Muscles move our arms and legs.
point to (v)
‫يؤشر‬
Which car is yours? Can you point to it?
take medicine
‫تناول دواء‬
My sick grandfather takes medicine every evening.
touch (v)
= city centre
‫يلمس‬
Don’t touch that bowl of soup. It’s very hot!
Adjectives
42
large (adj)
‫كبير‬
My son has large feet. He needs big shoes.
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= big, huge
≠ small
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
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44
45
46
47
left (adj)
Vocabulary
‫يسار‬
Some people write with their left hand.
long
‫طويل‬
≠ short
The movie was very long – 3 hours!
right (adj)
‫يمين‬
In Saudi Arabia, people eat with their right hand.
short (adj)
‫قصير‬
This lesson is very short – only 15 minutes.
sore (adj)
≠ right
‫مؤلم‬
My head is sore. I need to go to bed.
≠ left
≠ long
= It hurts.
Other words and phrases
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
about
‫عن‬
‘What’s that book about?’ ‘It’s about American cars.’
last
‫ نهاية‬/‫أخير‬
First, … Then, … Next, … Last, he dries his face.
next
‫التالي‬
First, he … Then, he washed his face. Next, he …
≠ first
= then
‫( ضمير) يعود للكتاب‬
‘Which book do you like?’ ‘I like the red one.’
*one
‫ التالي‬/‫ثُم‬
First, he gets up. Then, he has a shower.
= next
What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
‫ما المشكلة ؟‬
= What’s the problem?
which
‫أي‬
then
‫ما المشكلة ؟‬
‘Which date is your birthday?’ ‘24th February.’
‫) تعتبر ضمير يعود لألسم الذي تم ذكره في الجملة‬one( .ً‫) ال تترجم حرفيا‬one( ‫*كلمة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
54
ordinal numbers
first
1st
second
2nd
third
3rd
fourth
4th
fifth
5th
sixth
6th
seventh
7th
eighth
8th
ninth
9th
tenth
10th
eleventh
11th
twelfth
12th
Vocabulary
‫األعداد الترتيبية‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1b-GRM/VOC-RB
‫األول‬
‫الثاني‬
‫الثالث‬
‫الرابع‬
‫الخامس‬
‫السادس‬
‫السابع‬
‫الثامن‬
‫التاسع‬
‫العاشر‬
‫الحادي عشر‬
‫الثاني عشر‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Vocabulary
Nouns
barbershop (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫حالق‬
Sam’s hair was long so he went to a barbershop.
bathroom (n)
‫غرفة االستحمام‬
There’s a toilet, a sink and a shower in my bathroom.
birthday (n)
‫يوم ميالد‬
It’s Mrs Jones’ birthday today. She’s 37 years old.
brush (n)
‫فرشاة‬
Jane has long hair. She uses a brush every morning.
butter (n)
Also: toothbrush
hairbrush
‫زبدة‬
Adam usually puts some butter on his bread.
comb (n)
‫مشط شعر‬
Tom always has a small comb in his pocket.
drugstore (n)
A comb is for combing
your hair.
‫صيدلية‬
You can buy medicine and drugs in a drugstore.
face (n)
‫وجه‬
Pat washes her face before bed every night.
grocery store (n)
‫بقالة‬
Bill needed milk so he went to the grocery store.
hair (n)
= a small supermarket;
you buys food here
‫شعر‬
‘Your hair is long. Get a haircut!’ said Capt Jones.
haircut (n)
‫قصة شعر‬
Perry got a haircut at the barbershop.
mirror (n)
‫مرآة‬
Jill wanted to look at herself so she bought a mirror.
pepper (n)
‫فلفل أسود‬
Mr Jones always puts some pepper on his chicken.
pocket (n)
‫جيب‬
Len has money, keys and a cell phone is his pocket.
razor (n)
‫شفرة حالقة‬
Pete wanted to shave so he bought a razor.
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get + a haircut
A mirror is for looking
at yourself.
salt and pepper
A pocket is for keeping
small things in.
A razor is for shaving.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
16
17
18
19
20
salt (n)
Vocabulary
‫ملح‬
salt and pepper
Mrs Jones likes salt on her food.
shampoo (n)
‫شامبو‬
Fred washed his hair with shampoo every weekend.
sink (n)
Shampoo is for
washing your hair.
‫مغسلة‬
Daniel washed his face at the sink.
soap (n)
‫صابون‬
Always wash your hands with soap and hot water.
soup (n)
Soap is for cleaning
your hands and body.
‫حساء‬
James ate a bowl of hot soup for lunch.
subject (n)
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
(1) the noun in a sentence that performs the verb
In a sentence, the subject is usually before the verb.
(2) the topic of a paragraph
‘What’s the subject of this paragraph?’ ‘
sugar (n)
‫فاعل‬
‫موضوع‬
‫سكر‬
Do you have milk and sugar in your coffee?
thing (n)
‫شئ‬
I’m going to the store. I need things for my house.
toilet (n)
toilet paper (n)
‫ مرحاض‬/ ‫دورة المياة‬
tooth / teeth (n)
‫ اسنان‬/ ‫سن‬
‫ورق المرحاض‬
Babies have no teeth. Brush your teeth every morning.
toothbrush
toothpaste
‫فرشاة أسنان‬
topic (n)
‫موضوع‬
‫معجون أسنان‬
‘What’s the topic of that book?’ ‘Cars and trucks’.
towel (n)
‫منشفة‬
After a shower, Bill dried his body with a towel.
washcloth (n)
‫منشفة للوجه‬
Mrs Smith always washed her face with a washcloth.
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A toothbrush is for
brushing your teeth.
= What is it about?
A towel is for drying
yourself.
A washcloth is for
washing your face.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Vocabulary
Verbs
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
brush (v)
‫تنظيف االسنان‬
Brush your teeth with a toothbrush.
can (v)
‫يستطيع‬
‘Where can I buy milk?’ ‘You can buy some at the store.’
change (v)
= be able
‫ يغير‬/‫يبدل‬
He didn’t like his new car. He changed it for a new one.
comb (v)
‫يٌمشط الشعر‬
Mark likes to comb his hair. He uses a comb.
dry (past = dried) (v)
‫يجفف‬
Daniel washed his face. Then he dried it.
get (past = got) (v)
‫ يحصل‬/ ‫حصل‬
You can get milk and bread at the grocery store.
need / need to (v)
= buy
‫يحتاج‬
I’m making a cake. I need to buy butter and sugar.
rinse (v)
‫يشطف‬
Gary shampoos his hair. Then he rinses and dries it.
shampoo (v)
‫يغسل بالشامبو‬
Gary shampoos his hair in the shower every day.
wash (v)
‫يغسل‬
Jill washes her face every evening before bed.
= clean with water
Other words and phrases
39
40
41
42
a few
‫قليل للمعدود‬
Only a few students failed - most of them passed.
a little
‫قليل لغير المعدود‬
Please put a little sugar in my tea - not much.
a lot of
‫كثير‬
= not many
≠ many, a lot
= many
≠ a few; a little
A lot of people live in New York.
any
= not many
≠ many, a lot
‫أي‬
I don’t have any eggs. Do you have any eggs?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Vocabulary
‫نظيف‬
clean (adj)
Ben washed his clothes. Now they are clean.
‫متسخ‬
dirty (adj)
Sam’s clothes were dirty so he washed them.
‫الكثير من‬
Lots of students passed the test. Only three failed.
lots of
No, I’m sorry.
≠ dirty
≠ clean
= many
≠ a few; a little
‫ آسف‬,‫ال‬
‘Is Sgt Jones here?’ ‘No, I’m sorry. He isn’t.’
make a cake (v)
‫اصنع كعكة‬
Bill’s birthday is today. His mother made a cake.
‫فقط‬
only
'How many coffees do you want?’ ‘Only one. For me.’
‫بعض‬
some
I’m going to the store. I need some toothpaste.
Other words and phrases
50
ordinal numbers
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
twentieth
twenty-first
thirty-second
forty-third
fifty-fifth
the hundredth
‫االعداد الترتيبية‬
th
13
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
32nd
43rd
55th
100th
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L1b-GRM/VOC-RB
‫الثالث عشر‬
‫الرابع عشر‬
‫الخامس العشر‬
‫السادس عشر‬
‫السابع عشر‬
‫الثامن عشر‬
‫التاسع عشر‬
‫والعشرون‬
‫الحادي والعشرون‬
‫الثاني والثالثون‬
‫الثالث واالربعون‬
‫الخامس والخمسون‬
‫المائة‬
31
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Lesson 3
1
2
3
Nouns
airline (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫الخطوط الجوية‬
He wanted to change his flight so he called the airline.
airport (n)
= a company which
‫مطار‬
Get to the airport 2 hours before your flight.
arrival (n)
‫الوصول‬
Jane is coming to Chicago. Her arrival time is 4:30pm.
≠ departure
)‫زر ( في قميص‬
(a) button (on a shirt) (n)
4
Vocabulary
John has six buttons on his shirt.
(a) button (on a machine) (n) )‫زر تحكم (في آلة‬
Push the start button on the microwave.
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
cuff (n)
‫الكم‬
David put on his shirt and buttoned the cuffs.
customer (n)
‫العميل‬
The customer bought a ticket in the travel agency.
departure (n)
‫المغادرة‬
What time is your departure?' 'The plane leaves at 5:00.'
doorknob (n)
‫مقبض الباب‬
Mary turned the doorknob and opened the door.
flight (n)
A customer buys
things.
≠ arrival
= handle on a door
‫رحلة‬
Bill went by plane to New York. His flight left at 4:30.
gate (n)
‫بوابة‬
Your flight will leave in 30 minutes. Please go to gate 4.
graduation (n)
‫التخرج‬
Bob finished college in May. His graduation was in June.
handle (n)
‫مقبض‬
A handle is for opening
and closing things.
Turn the handle and open the door.
instructions (n)
‫تعليمات‬
Instructions tell you how to do something.
key (n)
‫مفتاح‬
Sue put the key in the lock and locked the door.
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A key is for locking
doors.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
15
16
17
18
knob (n)
Vocabulary
‫مقبض‬
Turn the small knob on the radio. The radio will play.
lock (n)
‫قفل‬
Put the key into the lock and turn it.
phone (n)
‫الهاتف‬
I need to call my mother. Can I use your phone, please?
reservation (n)
make a reservation
‫حجز‬
‫يحجز‬
Jim made plane reservations. He will pick up the
tickets tomorrow.
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
school (n)
‫مدرسة‬
Children in American go to school at 8:00am.
sharpener (n)
‫مبراة القلم‬
sleeve (n)
‫كم‬
A sharpener is for
I need to sharpen my pencil. Where is the sharpener? sharpening pencils.
T-shirts don’t have long sleeves.
suitcase (n)
‫حقيبة سفر‬
telephone (n)
‫هاتف‬
A suitcase is for
Tom is going on holiday. His clothes are in his suitcase. carrying clothes.
I called my father on my mobile telephone.
ticket (n)
‫تذكرة‬
Ben has a ticket. He will fly to Houston today.
travel agency / travel agent (n) ‫ وكيل سفر‬/‫وكالة سفر‬
A travel agent works
A travel agent can help you make a flight reservation. in a travel agency.
trip (n)
take a trip (v)
‫رحلة‬
= journey
‫يذهب في رحلة‬
I want to take a trip to Chicago to see my uncle.
27
28
twin (n)
= travel
‫توأم‬
My brother and I are twins. We were born on May 5th.
zipper (n)
‫ سحاب‬/ ‫سستة‬
Jack put on his jacket. He pulled the zipper to close it.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Vocabulary
Verbs
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
arrive (v)
The flight leaves at 2 pm and arrives in Miami at 4 pm.
button (v)
40
41
42
≠ depart; leave
‫يزرر‬
John buttoned the cuffs on my shirt.
call (v)
‫يتصل‬
Fred needed a phone. He wanted to call his mom.
come back (past = came back) (v) ‫ يعود‬/ ‫عاد‬
Jim flew home yesterday. He’ll come back tomorrow.
depart (from) (v)
‫يغادر‬
My flight departs San Antonio at 8 a.m.
go back (past = went back) (v) ‫عاد‬
/ ‫يعود‬
Don will go back home after work.
graduate (v)
= phone; telephone
= return (here)
= leave
≠ arrive
= return (there)
‫يتخرج‬
Children in the USA graduate after 12 years of school.
lock (v)
‫يقفل‬
William turned the key to lock the door.
meet (past = met) (v)
‫ يقابل‬/ ‫قابل‬
Tim met his friend for lunch at 1 pm last Monday.
pack (v)
‫يحزم‬
Jill packed her clothes in her suitcase.
pick up (v)
39
‫يصل‬
‫ ينقل‬/ ‫يحمل‬
(1) A taxi picked me up and took me to the airport.
(2) Pick up the telephone receiver to make a call.
pull (v)
‫يسحب‬
Pull the doorknob to open the door.
push (v)
‫يدفع‬
To open the door, turn the handle and push the door.
return (v)
‫يعود‬
Jim went to work at 8am and returned home at 7pm.
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= lift
≠ push
≠ pull
= come back; go back
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Vocabulary
‫ يحد‬/ ‫ يسنن‬/ ‫يبري‬
sharpen (v)
Use a pencil sharpener to sharpen your pencil.
‫يقف‬
stop (v)
Can you stop at the store? We need some eggs.
‫ لف‬/ ‫أدار‬
turn (v)
Turn the doorknob to open the door.
‫يطفيء‬
turn off (v)
I turned off all the lights before I left the house.
‫يشغل الجهاز‬
turn on (v)
Bob turned on the TV to watch the football game.
‫سوف‬
will (v)
= switch off
≠ turn off
≠ will not/ won’t
I will meet you at the airport tomorrow.
‫لن‬
won’t / will not (v)
= switch on
≠ turn on
≠ will
Jim is sick. He won’t be at work today.
Other words and phrases
50
51
52
53
54
first (adj)
‫االول‬
≠ last
January is the first month of the year.
from (adj)
‫من‬
Diana wants to fly from San Antonio to Chicago.
in (10 minutes/ an hour/ a year) (adv)
‫في‬
Fred is a student. He’ll finish school in two years.
next to (adj)
‫بعد‬
= beside
There is a towel next to the sink.
off
‘Is the radio on?’
= (an hour) from now;
after (an hour)
‫مقفل‬
≠ on
‘No, it’s off.’
on
55
56
(1) I will see you on Monday. ‫في‬
(2) The TV is not on. It is off. ‫يعمل‬
(3) Bob talked to his mother on the phone. ‫على‬
one-way (adj)
‫اتجاه واحد‬
Bill bought a one-way ticket. He won’t come back.
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≠ off
≠ round-trip
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
57
58
59
60
push-button
Vocabulary
‫اضغط الزر‬
There is a push-button telephone in the hotel room.
round-trip (adj)
‫رحلة ذهاب وإياب‬
I need a round-trip ticket from Chicago to New York.
together
‫سويا‬
My family and I will eat together this weekend.
tonight
≠ one-way
≠ alone, by yourself
‫الليلة‬
I will see you after 9 pm tonight.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Lesson 4
Vocabulary
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
bar (n)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
(1)There is a bar of soap in the bathroom. ‫قطعة‬
(2) You can buy a sandwich at the snack bar. ‫بوفيه‬
bottle (n)
‫ قنينة‬/‫قارورة‬
There is a bottle of shampoo in the bathroom.
bar of soap:
bar of chocolate
A bottle contains liquids.
‫ صحن شوربة‬/ /‫زبدية‬
bowl (n)
I ate a bowl of soup last night.
cake (n)
‫كعك‬
My children love to eat chocolate cake.
can (n)
‫علبة‬
I drank a can of Pepsi this afternoon.
candy (n)
‫حلوى‬
The children ate some candy for dessert.
cheese (n)
A can contains drinks or
food.
= sweets
‫جبنة‬
I sometimes eat a cheese sandwich for my lunch.
chocolate (n)
‫شوكالتة‬
Sue always eats chocolate at the weekend.
cookie (n)
‫بسكويت‬
My mother made some chocolate cookies.
cup (n)
‫كوب‬
Jim drinks a cup of tea every morning.
dessert (n)
‫حلى‬
Examples: cake, ice cream
I had vanilla ice cream for dessert.
dial (n)
dial tone (n)
‫لوحة االرقام الهاتف‬
‫نغمة االتصال‬
When you use a dial telephone, listen for a dial
tone. Then, turn the dial with your finger.
dish (n)
13
‫الطبق‬
Mrs Jones put the ice cream in a dish.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
14
15
16
17
18
19
‫ اثنى عشر‬/‫درزن‬
dozen (n)
Betty bought a dozen eggs at the grocery store.
‫شوكة‬
fork (n)
I use a knife and fork to eat my dinner.
gallon / gal. (n)
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
= twelve
We use a fork for eating.
‫جالون‬
Bob put 5 gallons of petrol in his car.
‫كأس‬
glass (n)
It was very hot so I drank a glass of water.
We use a glass for
drinking.
‫لحم خنزير‬
ham (n)
Tom ate a ham sandwich. Muslims do not eat ham.
ice cream (n)
‘It’s hot.’
‫بوظة‬
‘Let’s have an ice cream.’
kilo / kilogram / kg. (n)
20
Vocabulary
‫كيلو جرام‬
My wife bought a dozen eggs and a kilo of sugar
to make a cake.
knife / knives (n)
‫ سكين‬/ ‫سكاكين‬
I cut the cake with a knife.
napkin (n)
A knife is for cutting
things.
‫منديل سفرة‬
I sometimes use a napkin when I eat dinner.
ounce / oz. (n)
‫آونص‬
16 ounces = 1 pound
Sixteen ounces make one pound.
paper (n)
‫ورقة‬
Write your name on the paper with a pen.
pie (n)
‫فطيرة‬
I like to eat apple pie for dessert.
piece (n)
‫قطعة‬
Betty cut the vegetables into small pieces.
pint / pt. (n)
a piece of pizza / cake
a piece of paper
)‫ثمن الجالون (قياس‬
Bill drinks a pint of milk every morning.
plate (n)
‫صحن‬
Sally cut some cake and put it on a small plate.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
pound / lb. (n)
Vocabulary
‫رطل‬
Cindy made an apple pie with a pound of apples.
quart / qt. (n)
)‫ربع الجلون (قياس‬
Bob bought a quart of orange juice.
receiver (n)
1 kilo = 2.2 lbs
2 pints = 1 quart
‫سماعة الهاتف‬
Pick up the receiver and listen for a dial tone.
sandwich (n)
‫ساندويتش‬
Jim felt hungry so he ate a cheese sandwich.
slice (n)
‫شريحة‬
Bob made a sandwich with two slices of bread.
spoon (n)
‫ملعقة‬
We eat soup with a
spoon.
Steve ate his soup with a spoon.
ton (n)
‫طن‬
There are 2000 pounds in a ton.
tube (n)
‫انبوب‬
Sue bought a tube of toothpaste at the drugstore.
vanilla (n)
‫فانيال‬
‘I like vanilla ice cream.’ ‘Really? I like chocolate.’
vegetable (n)
bean (n)
carrot (n)
corn (n)
lettuce (n)
onion (n)
potato (n)
squash (n)
tomato (n)
‫خضروات‬
‫بازالء‬
‫جزر‬
‫ذرة‬
‫خس‬
‫بصل‬
‫بطاطا‬
‫قرع‬
‫طماطم‬
Verbs
39
dial (v)
‫يتصل برقم‬
Tom dialled the number on the phone.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Vocabulary
have to (past = had to) (v) ‫ه‬/‫ يلزم علي‬/ ‫ه‬/‫لزم علي‬
40
41
Bill had a car accident yesterday and broke his = must
leg. He had to go to the hospital.
make (past = made) (v) ‫ صنع‬/‫يصنع‬
Jim made a sandwich with bread and cheese.
Other words and phrases
42
among
)‫بين (تستخدم للمجموعة‬
I saw my friend among all the students.
)‫بين( تستخدم بين اثنين‬
between
43
44
45
46
47
48
Bill put cheese between two slices of bread to
make a sandwich.
‫نصف‬
half
A dozen is 12. Half a dozen is 6.
many
‫الكثير للمعدود‬
Many people live in New York. It is a big city.
much
‫الكثير لغير المعدود‬
I don’t have much money with me - only $2.
=½
= a lot of
≠ a few
= a lot
≠ a little
I think I’ll pass the test. ‫أعتقد أني سأنجح في اإلختبا ر‬
I don’t know, but I think I’ll pass the test.
very funny!
ً‫مضحك جدا‬
Ha ha, very funny! Where are my car keys?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5 Grammar
1. Using which and one
(L1. Pg.11)
Which is a question word. Use which when there is a choice.
After which we usually use a noun.
.‫ استخدمها عند وجود خيار ما‬.‫ كلمة تستخدم في االسئلة‬Which
.which ‫تستخدم االسماء عادة بعد‬
Which
tie
one
the red
do you want?
I want
one.
this
Which
tie.
that
We can use one instead of a noun.
‫ بدال عن االسم‬one ‫بإمكاننا استخدام‬
2.
or
(L1. Pg.20)
Use or between two nouns, or two clauses,
to show a choice.
‫ بين اسمين او بين عبارتين لمشاورة الطرف االخر‬or ‫استخدم‬
Do you want the red tie or the blue
one?
3.
There + BE
(L2. Pg.31)
Use there is / there are to say that something is present in a place.
‫ للحديث عن وجود شيء ما في مكان ما في الوقت الحالي‬there is / there are ‫استخدم‬
Sentence
Question
There
is
isn’t
a desk
in the classroom.
There
are
aren’t
some pens
any pens
on the table.
Is
there
a desk
in the classroom.
Are
there
any students
in the room?
In questions, put BE before there.
there ‫ قبل‬BE ‫عند السؤال ضع‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Grammar
4. Some and any
(L2. Pg.35)
Use some with positive sentences. Use any with negative sentences.
.‫ مع جمل النفي‬any ‫ استخدم‬.‫ مع جمل التأكيد‬some ‫استخدم‬
I
have
some
don’t have
any
pens.
Use some or any with questions.
any ‫ او‬some ‫عند السؤال استخدم‬
Do
5.
you
have
some
pencils?
any
Using a few, a little, a lot of and lots of
(L2. Pg.37)
Count nouns are things we can count. They are singular or plural.
‫ تظهر بصيغة مفرد او جمع‬.‫االسماء المعدودة هي االشياء الممكن عدها‬
Use a few with
plural count nouns
a few
‫ مع‬a few ‫استخدم‬
‫جمع االسماء المعدودة‬
a lot of
lots of
books
cars
pens
desks
pencils
women
children
Noncount nouns are things we can’t count.
They are usually singular.
This is an apple.
These are a few apples.
‫ تظهر عادة بصيغة المفرد‬.‫االسماء غير المعدودة هي االشياء التي ال يمكن عدها‬
Use a little with
noncount nouns
a little
‫ مع‬a little ‫استخدم‬
‫االسماء غير المعدودة‬
a lot of
lots of
bread
coffee
rice
tea
time
work
food
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These are a lot of apples.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Grammar
6. can
(L2. Pg. 48)
Use can to say that something is possible.
‫ للحديث عن االشياء الممكن عملها‬can ‫استخدم‬
Examples:
You can get milk at the grocery store.
After can, put Verb 1.
Verb 1 ‫ ضع‬can ‫بعد‬
Josh can fly to San Antonio or he can drive.
7. Talking about the future
(L3. Pg. 54/57)
You can use will to talk about the future. Will is the same for all subjects.
.‫ مع جميع انواع الفاعل‬will ‫ استخدم‬.‫ للحديث عن المستقبل‬will ‫يمكنك استخدام‬
Sentence
I
We
They
You
He
She
It
After will, put Verb 1.
Verb 1 ‫ ضع‬will ‫بعد‬
will
won’t
start
fly
leave
at 9:00 tomorrow.
In questions, put will before the subject.
‫ قبل الفاعل‬will ‫ ضع‬,‫عند السؤال‬
Question
Will
I
we
they
you
he
she
it
start
fly
leave
at 9:00 tomorrow?
I will = I’ll
She will not = She won’t
They will = They’ll
We will not = We won’t
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Grammar
8. Future tense time expressions
(L3. Pg.63)
next
John
will
tomorrow
depart
in
In these expressions, in means ‘after’
year.
month.
week.
weekend.
Saturday.
morning.
afternoon.
evening.
night.
two minutes.
an hour.
four days.
a week.
six months.
a year.
)‫ تعني (بعد‬in ,‫مع هذه العبارات‬
9.
Information questions with will
(L3. Pg. 64)
Sentence
The cadets
will
study
tomorrow.
Yes/No Question
Will
the cadets
study
Tomorrow?
When
will
the cadets
study?
What
will
the cadets
study
tomorrow?
Where
will
the cadets
study
tomorrow?
‘Wh’
Question
Put Wh question word before will.
will ‫ االستفهامية قبل‬Wh ‫ضع كلمات‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Grammar
10. Using articles – a, an and the
(L4. Pg.80)
Use a or an before a singular noun that the listener doesn’t know about.
Use a or an when speaking about a thing for the first time.
)‫ قبل االسم المفرد الذي ال يعلم السامع عنه شيئا (االسم المفرد النكرة‬an ‫ او‬a ‫استخدم‬
)‫ (ال تستخدم أي منها مع جمع االسماء‬.‫ عند الحديث عن شيء مفرد للمرة االولى‬an ‫ او‬a ‫استخدم‬
Use the before singular or plural nouns that the listener knows about.
Use the when speaking about the same thing for the second time.
)‫ قبل االسم المفرد او الجمع المعروفة لدى المستمع (االسم المعرف‬the ‫استخدم‬
‫ عند الحديث عن نفس الشيء للمرة الثانية‬the ‫استخدم‬
Example:
Robert bought a new phone on Friday. It’s
an iphone. He loves the phone!
He also bought CDs. The CDs were cheap.
11. Using many and much
(L4. Pg.82/87)
Use many with count nouns. Use much with noncount nouns.
‫ مع االسماء غير المعدودة‬much ‫ استخدم‬,‫ مع االسماء المعدودة‬many ‫استخدم‬
We don’t have
How many
cups of tea
How much
coffee
many / a lot of / lots of
books.
much / a lot of / lots of
milk.
did you drink?
Don’t use much in positive sentences.
‫ في الجمل المؤكدة‬much ‫ال تستخدم‬
They have
many / a lot of / lots of
books.
much / a lot of / lots of
milk.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 5
Grammar
12. have to - don’t have to
(L4. Pg.90)
Use have to / has to to talk about something that is a requirement,
something that you must do.
.‫ للحديث عن ما عليك القيام به‬have to / has to ‫استخدم‬
After have to / has to, put Verb 1.
Verb 1 ‫ ضع‬have to / has to ‫بعد‬
Present
John
has to
go
to the hospital.
Does
John
have to
go
to the hospital?
Why
does John
have to
go
to the hospital?
Mary
had to
get up
early.
Did
Mary
have to
get up
early?
did
Mary
have to
get up
early?
Past
Why
Examples:
James has to study. His exam is tomorrow.
Jenny had to get up early. Her lesson started at 7:00 am.
Mrs Al Harbi went to the mall. She had to buy some clothes.
apples.
Mr Al Harbi didn’t go to the mall. He had to be with the baby!
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
change (n)
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
‫ تغير‬/ ‫تغيير‬
In summer, there is a change in the weather.
cloud (n)
‫غيم‬
Clouds are white or gray.
grade (n)
‫درجة‬
= score, mark
John's English grade is good.
rain (n)
‫مطر‬
Sam got wet in the rain.
raincoat (n)
‫سترة مطر‬
I am wearing a raincoat because it is wet.
score (n)
‫نتيجة‬
I got 99 in the test - it was a very good score.
shower (n)
)‫مطر خفيف(رشاش‬
We have many showers in the spring.
sky (n)
= grade, mark
= short rain
‫سماء‬
The sky is blue.
snow (n)
‫ثلج‬
Snow is white.
storm (n)
‫عاصفة‬
A storm has wind and rain (or snow) together.
sun (n)
‫شمس‬
The sun is shining today.
sunshine (n)
‫أشعة الشمس‬
Today there is sunshine. Let's play football.
umbrella (n)
‫مظلة‬
He has an umbrella because it is wet.
weather (n)
‫طقس‬
I think the weather is very nice in fall.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
15
wind (n)
Vocabulary
‫رياح‬
The wind is blowing.
Verbs
16
17
18
19
get (past = got) (v) ‫يصير‬/ ‫ يصبح‬/ ‫ صار‬/ ‫أصبح‬
Before the storm, the sky got dark.
rain (v)
‫مطر‬
It rained last night.
shine (past = shone) (v)
‫ تشرق‬/ ‫أشرقت‬
The sun is shining today.
snow (v)
‫تثلج‬
In Chicago, it snows in the winter.
‫ يعتقد‬/ ‫أعتقد‬
think about (past = thought) (v)
20
= become
I think it'll rain tomorrow.
Betty thinks it's a good idea.
John is thinking about his family.
Adjectives
21
22
23
24
25
26
clear (adj)
There are no clouds. The sky is clear.
cloudy (adj)
‫مغيم‬
The sky is cloudy today. I can't see the sun.
dry (adj)
‫جاف‬
nice (adj)
≠ cloudy
≠ clear
≠ wet
It isn't raining. The weather is dry.
‫جميل‬
The weather is nice. Let's go to the beach.
rainy (adj)
‫ممطر‬
Look at the clouds. I think it’s going to be a rainy day.
snowy (adj)
≠ dry
‫مثلج‬
The weather is snowy. It's cold.
stormy (adj)
27
‫صافي‬
‫عاصف‬
It is stormy weather so I don’t want to go out.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
28
29
30
sunny (adj)
Vocabulary
‫مشمس‬
It's sunny in the summer in Saudi Arabia.
wet (adj)
‫رطب‬
≠ dry
It is wet so I have my umbrella.
windy (adj)
‫عاصف‬
We can't play football in windy weather.
Other words
31
how
‫كيف‬
'How's the weather?' 'It's rainy and windy.'
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
blade (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫شفرة السكين‬
I can't cut this meat. The blade on my knife is old.
boat (n)
‫قارب‬
= a small ship
Boats travel on the sea.
check (n)
‫فاتورة‬
After the meal, Mr Black asked for the check.
helicopter (n)
‫طائرة عامودية‬
A helicopter flies in the sky.
home (n)
‫بيت‬
After school, the students went home.
house (n)
‫منزل‬
I live in a big house. It's on this street.
jet (n)
‫نفاثة‬
A jet in a plane / aircraft /
airplane.
An F-15 is a jet plane. It travels fast.
menu (n)
‫قائمة‬
Bob looked at the menu and ordered a meal.
order (n)
shows you the food in a
restaurant
‫طلب‬
'Can I take your order?' said the waiter.
server (n)
‫نادل‬
= waiter
The server took our food order.
ship (n)
‫سفينة‬
Some people travel on the sea by ship.
tip (n)
‫بقشيش‬
= extra money for the
waiter
Mrs Smith left a tip for the waiter.
vehicle (n)
‫سيارة‬
Examples: car, bus, truck,
motorbike
You can take a vehicle on a ship.
waiter (a man) (n)
waitress (a woman) (n)
= a big boat
‫نادل‬
= server
‫نادلة‬
A waiter works in a restaurant.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Vocabulary
Verbs
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
cry (v)
‫يبكي‬
The baby is crying. She's hungry.
cut (past = cut) (v)
‫ يقص‬/‫يقطع‬
Sam cut his sandwich with a knife.
get to (past = got to) (v)
‫يذهب‬- ‫يصل‬
How do I get to the post office, please?
get in (past = got in) (v)
‫ يركب‬/ ‫ركب‬
'Here's a taxi. Get in.'
get off (past = got off) (v)
‫ ينزل‬/ ‫نزل‬
'Here's the training center. Get off the bus!'
get on (past = got on) (v)
‫ يصعد‬/ ‫صعد‬
Mrs Jones got on the bus and sat down.
‫ ينزل‬/ ‫نزل‬
get out (past = got out) (v)
I gave the driver money and got out of the taxi.
‫ يرحل‬/ ‫رحل‬
leave (past = left) (v)
William leaves home at 7:30 every morning.
order (v)
= arrive somewhere
≠ get out
≠ get on
≠ get off
)≠ got off)
≠ get in
≠ arrive
‫يطلب‬
The Smith family ordered pizza in the restaurant.
travel (v)
‫يسافر‬
George travels to work by bus.
would like (to) (v)
‫ أرغب‬/‫يريد‬
Where is the waiter? I would like to order now.
= want
Adjectives
26
27
28
awful (adj)
‫ سيء للغاية‬/ ‫فظيع‬
The food looks awful. Don’t eat it.
delicious (adj)
‫لذيذ‬
I like this restaurant. This pizza is delicious!
upset (adj)
‫منزعج‬
Tom is upset because his test grade is bad.
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= very bad
≠ great, good
= tasty
= sad
≠ happy
Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Vocabulary
Other words
29
30
‫أي شيء‬
anything
I can’t see anything. It’s dark.
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
40
41
42
‫آخر‬
= more
anything / nothing
something + else
I had the soup but nothing else.
her
‫ ضمير في محل مفعول‬/ ‫هي‬
There’s the waitress. Ask her to come here.
him
‫ ضمير في محل مفعول‬/ ‫هو‬
That’s my friend. Talk to him.
‫منزل‬
home
I got home late from work.
later
‫الحقا‬
I'm not thirsty. I'll have some tea later.
me
)‫انا(ضمير في محل المفعول‬
Would you like to come with me to the cafe?
nothing
‫الشيء‬
I did nothing last night. I was bored.
something
‫شيء ما‬
Would you like something to drink?
sure
39
by + bus / car / ship /
train / plane
I go to work by bus.
else
31
‫بواسطة‬
by
‫أكيد‬
'Do you want to watch a movie?' 'Sure! What time?' = Yes / I agree.
'Is Sam sick today?' 'I'm not sure. I can't see him.'
them
‫ ضمير في محل مفعول‬/ ‫هم‬
I live with my brothers. I see them every day.
us
‫ضمير في محل مفعول‬/ ‫نحن‬
'Can you give us the menu?', asked John and Pam.
without
‫بدون‬
I ordered a coffee without milk. I don't like milk.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
leave a tip
Vocabulary
‫اترك بقشيش‬
In America, people leave tips in restaurants.
anything else
‫شيء اخر ؟‬
Ted has water. Does he want anything else?
nothing else
‫وال شيء آخر‬
Joe relaxes on Saturdays. He does nothing else.
something else
‫شيء آخر‬
I'm hungry. Can I have something else to eat?
This is on me.
‫هذي على حسابي‬
No, this meal is on me. It's your birthday!
Here you are.
= leave extra money for
the waiter
= anything more
= nothing more
= something more
= I will pay for the meal.
‫تفضل‬
Do you have a pen?' 'Sure. Here you are.'
What's up?
‫كيف الحال؟‬
Is anything wrong?
No, nothing’s wrong.
‫هل هناك مشكلة ؟‬
= What's happening? /
'Hi, Tim. What's up?' 'Nothing much. I'm bored!' How are you?
. ‫التوجد أي مشكلة‬,‫ال‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
address (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫العنوان‬
= where you live
What is your address?
bank (n)
‫مصرف‬
I have all my money in a bank.
check (n)
‫شيك‬
John bought a new car. He wrote a check for $30,000.
driver’s license (n)
‫رخصة قيادة‬
All drivers must have a driver’s license.
envelope (n)
‫ظرف‬
Put the letter in the envelope.
help (v)
‫مساعدة‬
= assist
Can you help me?
identification ( I.D.) (n)
‫هوية‬
Can you show me your identification, please?
letter (n)
= I.D.; a card with
your name and photo
‫رسالة‬
I wrote a letter to my parents.
letter carrier (n)
‫حامل الرسائل‬
The letter carrier delivers letters to your house.
mail (n)
= mailman
‫بريد‬
The mail comes to my house every day.
mailman/mailmen (n)
‫ساعي البريد‬
In America, the mailman delivers letters to houses.
= letter carrier
‫حوالة نقدية‬
money order (n)
You can cash a money order at the bank.
package (n)
‫طرد‬
My mother sent me some food in a package.
postcard (n)
‫بطاقة بريدية‬
People on holiday send postcards.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
15
16
17
18
19
20
post office (v)
Vocabulary
‫مكتب البريد‬
You can buy stamps at the post office.
return address (n)
‫عنوان االسترجاع‬
Please write your return address on the envelope.
‫ختم‬
stamp (n)
You need a stamp to post a letter.
street (n)
‫شارع‬
There is a post office and a bank on my street.
‫صراف‬
teller (n)
The teller at the bank gave Mrs Wilson her money.
traveler’s check (n)
‫شيك سياحي‬
A traveler’s check is money in a check.
Verbs
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
deliver (v)
‫يوصل‬
In America, the mailman delivers letters to houses.
finish (v)
‫ينهي‬
Bob starts work at 8am and he finishes at 4pm.
give (past = gave) (v)
= bring to someone
≠ start
‫ يعطي‬/ ‫أعطى‬
The instructor gave a test to the class.
mail (v)
‫يرسل بريد‬
My friend mailed a letter to me.
pick out (v)
‫يشتري‬
Sue went to the store and picked out a new dress.
send (past = sent) (v)
‫ يرسل‬/ ‫أرسل‬
I sent a package to my friend by mail.
show (v)
= send
= choose, select
≠ receive, get
‫يعرض‬
Sgt Brown must show his identification at the base.
sign (v)
‫يوقع‬
You sign your name on a check.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Vocabulary
Other words
29
30
31
32
33
34
‫أيضا‬
He sent a package. He also sent a letter.
also
crowded (adj)
‫مزدحم‬
The bank was crowded. Bill stood in line for 1 hour.
near (prep)
‫قريب‬
My house is near the shopping mall. It's not far.
cash a check
‫أصرف الشيك‬
Pam got a check today. She'll cash it at the bank.
write a check
= too
= busy, many people
are there
= close to
≠ far
give the bank a
check and get money
‫حرر شيكا‬
Sam doesn't have any money. He'll write a check.
)‫يقف في الصف (الطابور‬
People stand in line at the post office.
stand in line
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= wait in a queue
Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Vocabulary
Nouns
camera (n)
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
‫كاميرا‬
Ben takes pictures with his camera.
film (n)
‫شريط تصوير‬
I have some film for my camera.
hotel (n)
‫فندق‬
We stayed in a nice hotel on holiday.
lake (n)
‫بحيرة‬
There is a lake next to our hotel. Let's swim in it!
mountain (n)
‫جبل‬
There are lots of mountains in Utah.
ocean (n)
‫محيط‬
= a very big sea
The Pacific is an ocean.
‫راحة‬
rest (n)
= relaxation
We went on holiday for a rest.
roll (of) (n)
‫أفالم تصوير‬
I need a roll of film for my camera.
sight (n)
‫منظر‬
There are many interesting sights to see in New York.
sightseeing (n)
Examples: museums,
parks, tall buildings
‫تنزه‬
People go sightseeing on vacation.
state (n)
‫والية‬
There are 50 states in the USA. Texas is a large state.
tree (n)
‫شجرة‬
There are many trees in the park.
vacation (n)
‫اجازة‬
Mr Smith isn't working. He's on vacation.
= holiday
on + vacation
Verbs
14
check in (v)
‫دخول‬
Mr Jones arrived at the hotel and he checked in.
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= arrive at a hotel, show
your ID and get the key
Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
15
16
17
18
19
20
Vocabulary
‫خروج‬
check out (v)
Mr Jones checked out and left the hotel.
)‫حمل (ضع‬
load (v)
Please load the boxes into my car.
‫يسترخي‬
relax (v)
After work, I like to relax at home.
‫يرتاح‬
rest (v)
= leave a hotel and
pay the bill
= put something into
a car / camera, etc
= rest
= relax
It is nice to rest at the weekend.
‫يبتسم‬
smile (v)
The children are smiling. I think they are happy.
‫يقيم‬
stay (v)
Tom visited Houston. He stayed in a nice hotel.
Other words and phrases
21
22
23
24
‫و‬
and
Fred passed the test, and his friend Bob passed it too.
‫ألن‬
because
Sarah is upset because she got a bad grade in the test.
‫لكن‬
but
Tom wrote a letter but he didn't send it.
‫اخر‬
final (adj)
th
Class ends June 15 . The final test in on the 14th.
for (time)
25
26
27
28
‫لمدة‬
Tom went to Texas on holiday. He stayed there for
two weeks.
long (adj) (trip/time)
‫طويل‬
We took a long vacation to Chicago - for three weeks.
overnight
‫طول الليل‬
Bill went to Chicago. He stayed at overnight in a hotel.
short (adj) (trip/time)
‫قصير‬
I had a short trip to New York - only four days.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6
29
30
31
why
33
34
35
‫ لماذا‬/ ‫لم‬
'Why is Bill smiling?' 'Because he got a good grade.'
at first
‫في البداية‬
Gary didn't like the military at first. But now he loves it!
at last
‫في النهاية‬
Dan failed the test 6 times. But he passed it at last !
go sightseeing
32
Vocabulary
‫اتنزه‬
The Brown family visited London last week. They went
sightseeing and saw a show in the theatre.
‫اصور ال‬
take (past = took) a picture of
Mr Wilson took a picture of his family with his camera.
take a rest
‫اخذ راحة‬
'I'm tired. I studied all day.' 'Take a rest!'
take a vacation
‫اخذ اجازة‬
The Smith family takes two vacations every year.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
1.
Questions with How + BE
(L1. Pg.6)
Use this to ask how things are, or were. ‫ للسؤال عن حال األشياء‬Be ‫ فعل‬+ How ‫استخدم‬
How
BE
Subject
is
was
he / she / it?
the food / the weather / your flight?
are
were
they / you / we?
your parents / the burgers?
How was your flight?
BE
Subject
is
it
is
he / she / it
are
you / they
How
How
- Great, thanks. We landed on time.
going?
doing?
These are informal ways to ask “How are you?”
"‫هذه عدة طرق غير رسمية للسؤال " كيف حالك‬
How are you doing?
How’s it going?
2.
- Great. / Not bad. / Very well, thanks.
- Great, thanks. / I’m good, thanks.
Making sentences with think + that + noun clause
(L1. Pg. 14)
Use this to say what you think about things.
‫ للتعبير عن رأيك عن االشياء‬think that ‫استخدم‬
Subject
think
Noun clause
I
think
the weather is nice.
He / She / It
thinks
(that) the food is delicious.
We / You / They
think
this movie is great.
Note: you can use that or remove it.
‫ أو حذفها‬that ‫ تستطيع استخدام‬:‫مالحظة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
3.
Asking questions with think + that + noun clause
(L1. Pg.16)
Use this to ask what people think about things.
‫ للسؤال عن رأي الناس عن األشياء‬think that ‫استخدم‬
Who
thought
(that)
the car was nice?
Bob
thought
(that)
the car was nice.
Did
Bob
think
(that)
the car was nice?
What
did
Bob
think?
How much
does
Bob
think
the car will cost?
(that)
Where
does
Bob
thinks
Bob
think
the car will cost
a lot.
he can buy it?
(that)
When
does
Bob
thinks
Bob
think
he can buy it
in Jeddah.
he can buy it?
(that)
Bob
thinks
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61
tomorrow.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
4.
Asking questions with How + verb
(L2. Pg.30)
Use How + verb to ask about what transport someone uses/used.
‫ يستخدمها شخص ما‬/‫ فعل للسؤال عن وسيلة المواصالت التي استخدمها‬+ How ‫استخدم‬
How
Helping
verb
Subject
Infinite
(Verb1)
will
did
I / you
we / they
he / she
do
I / you
we / they
does
he / she
go
get
travel
come
to school?
home?
to Riyadh?
to work?
Use by + car / bus / train / plane to answer questions about transport.
‫ وسيلة الموصالت لإلجابة عن األسئلة الخاصة بوسائل‬+by ‫استخدم‬
‫الموصالت‬
I go to work by car.
I travel to Riyadh by plane.
I get to school on foot.
5.
on foot means ‘walking’
‫ تعني مشيا ً على االقدام‬on foot
Making statements with would like / would like to
I / You / We / They
want
He / She
wants
I / You / We
They / He / She
would like
I / You / We / They
want to
He / She
Use want / would like
before nouns and noun
phrases.
a vacation. would like ‫ و‬want ‫استخدم‬
‫قبل االسماء أو العبارات االسمية‬
some food.
wants to
watch a movie.
play tennis.
make lunch.
I / You / We
They / He / She
would like to
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62
go shopping.
Use want to /
would like to
before verbs.
want to /‫استخدم‬
would like to
‫قبل األفعال‬
Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
6.
Asking questions with would like (to)
(L2. Pg.38)
Would like ‫استخدم األسئلة مع‬
Use questions with would like…
1) …for hypothetical questions about someone’s desires
‫) ……لألسئلة االفتراضية عن رغبات شخص ما‬1
Would
you
he
like to
be
a king?
2) …to make offers and invitations.
‫…… لعرض شيء ما أو لدعوة لمناسبة ما‬.)2
(invitation)
(offer)
Would
you
he
like to
like
come
to my party?
some coffee?
You can also ask Wh- questions with would.
Wh -
+ would + subject/noun + like (to)
-----
Would
How
What
When
Where
Who
would
I
you
he
she
it
we
they
like (to)…?
How would you like to do it?
play tennis?
Use infinitive (Verb1) after like to
e.g. …like to do it? / …like to go?
like to ‫استخدم الفعل المجرد بعد‬
When would you like to go?
Where would you like to meet later?
What would you like for lunch?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
7.
something, nothing, anything, and else
(L2. Pg.42)
The rules for something and anything are…
Rule
Example
‫ →استخدم‬Use something in a
something statement.
‫في الجُمل‬
Let’s order something for lunch.
‫ →استخدم‬Use anything in a
anything negative sentence.
‫في الجُمل المنفية‬
I didn’t eat anything for lunch.
ً ‫ →تستطيع ايضا‬You can also use
‫ استخدام‬nothing to make a
nothing negative statement.
‫إلنشاء جملة‬
‫منفية‬
Wendy didn’t say anything to me.
Wendy said nothing to me.
‫→استخدم‬
Use something or
Something
anything for
‫أو‬
‫لألسئلة‬Anything questions.
We bought something in the store yesterday.
They didn’t buy anything yesterday .
Both of these sentences have the same meaning.
Use anything when the verb is negative.
Use nothing when the verb is positive.
‫كال هاتين الجملتين تحمل نفس المعنى‬
‫ عندما يكون الفعل منفي‬anything ‫استخدم‬
‫ عندما يكون الفعل مثبت‬nothing ‫استخدم‬
Do you want something dinner for lunch?
Is there anything you need from the store?
Use else after something / nothing / anything to mean ‘a different thing’.
.‫ تعني حدث أخر مختلف‬something/ nothing/anything ‫ بعد‬else ‫استخدم‬
I studied all weekend. I did nothing else.
Tom bought a watch. He also bought something else.
Can I have tea? I don’t want anything else.
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Book 6 Grammar
8.
Using object pronouns
(L2. Pg.50)
Subject pronouns usually come before the verb.
‫ضمائر الفاعل تأتي عادةً قبل الفعل‬
Object pronouns usually come after the verb.
‫ضمائر المفعول به تأتي عادةً بعد الفعل‬
Subject
Object
Example
pronoun pronoun
9.
I
me
He said, “Don’t forget me.”
you
you
She said, “Don’t worry, I won’t forget you.”
he
him
She ate dinner with him.
she
her
He ate dinner with her.
it
it
They liked it very much.
we
us
“Excuse me, please can you help us?”
they
them
They stopped and helped them.
Making sentences with indirect objects
Direct object –
what did he send?
‫مفعول به مباشر‬
Andrew
sent
some mail
Andrew
sent
him
(L3. Pg.60)
Indirect object – who
did he send it to?
‫مفعول به غير مباشر‬
to him.
some mail.
These sentences mean the same. If you write the indirect object
before the direct object, don’t write to.
‫ إذا أردت استخدام المفعول به غير المباشر قبل المفعول به‬.‫هذه الجمل تحمل نفس المعنى‬
to ‫المباشر ال تقم بكتابة‬
Ammar bought a gift for her.
Ammar bought her a gift.
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Did you write a letter to your friend?
Did you write your friend a letter?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
10. Using also
(L3. Pg.72)
also means the same as too. They say that one fact is similar to another
fact.
‫ فهي تعني أن حقيقة ما مشابهة لحقيقة اخرى‬too ‫ تحمل نفس المعنى لكلمة‬Also
Sgt James will go to the office.
He’ll also go to the mess hall.
He’ll go to the mess hall, also.
)He’ll go to the mess hall, too.)
Put also before the main verb, or at the end of
the sentence, after a comma.
‫ قبل الفعل الرئيسي أو في نهاية الجملة بعد الفاصلة‬also ‫ضع‬
Questions
Is
Can
Does
he
also
a student?
Yes, he is.
speak French?
No, he can’t.
drive a car?
Yes, he does.
I’m tired. Are you
also tired, Ahmed?
Yes, I am tired. I’m hungry,
too. Are you hungry?
No, I’m not.
11. Combining sentences – and / but
(L4. Pg.86)
Use conjunctions and / but to join two sentences.
1. and
It’s my vacation next week.
I want to travel to France.
Use and to add a statement when the statements are
similar.
‫ إلضافة عبارة عندما تكون العبارات متشابهة‬and ‫استخدم‬
It’s my vacation next week, and I want to travel to France.
We met the new General, and we think he is nice.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 6 Grammar
2. but
I like the TSI now.
I didn’t like it last year.
Use but to join statements that are opposite ideas.
‫ للربط بين عبارتين واحدة منها عكس األخرى‬but ‫استخدم‬
I like the TSI now, but I didn’t like it last year.
Dammam has buildings, but it doesn’t have mountains.
You can study in class, but you cannot sleep.
12. Answering Why questions with Because
(L4. Pg.93)
Use because to give a reason when answering a Why question.
why ‫ إلعطاء سبب ما عندما تجيب عن أسئلة‬because ‫استخدم‬
Why are you happy?
Because I passed the ALCPT.
Why did you take a taxi?
Because we missed the bus.
Why is the window open?
Because we want some fresh air.
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Issue No. 1.0
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Book 7
Book 8
Book 9
Name: _________________
DLI American Language Course
Level 2a
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
0
Issue No. 1.0
Tips on using this booklet
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Use this booklet at home and after
to class revise what you learn in
class. Use your main coursebook in
class.
‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما‬
‫ هذا الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب‬.‫تعلمته مع معلمك‬
.‫االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the
grammar and words here, you
must practice using them with
your teacher. To get a 60 in the
ALCPT, you need to know how
words are used in sentences, and
do this very fast. Memorising a list
‫ عليك‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ حتى تحصل‬.‫ان تمارس استخدامهم مع معلمك‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫على‬
‫ مجرد‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
‫حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60
and translations will not get you a
60 in the ALCPT.
‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة‬
‫ عكسها او‬,‫ مرادفاتها‬,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫الكلمات‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask
for the spelling, example sentence,
similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
.‫مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬
ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in
the ALCPT, you need more words
than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the
Additional Vocabulary Notes
section.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات عن ما هو متوفر في‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها‬.‫هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes ‫في قسم‬
1
Issue No. 1.0
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 7
3
Grammar
Book 7
17
Vocabulary
Book 8
23
Grammar
Book 8
36
Vocabulary
Book 9
43
Grammar
Book 9
59
Additional vocabulary
66
Key
adjective
noun
adverb
opposite
‫اسم‬
‫ الضد‬/‫التضاد‬
answer
‫ إجابة‬/ ‫الجواب‬
possessive
‫ملكية‬
clause
‫عبارة‬
preposition
‫حرف جر‬
comparative
‫صيغة التفضيل بين‬
‫شيئين‬
present simple
‫مضارع بسيط‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
past simple
‫ماضي بسيط‬
example
‫مثال‬
‫مضارع مستمر‬
grammar
‫قواعد اللغة‬
present
progressive
past
progressive
imperative
‫صيغة األمر‬
irregular verb
‫فعل غير منتظم‬
verb
‫فعل‬
regular verb
‫فعل منتظم‬
tense
‫زمن الفعل‬
main verb
‫فعل رئيسي‬
subject
‫فاعل‬
helping verb
‫فعل مساعد‬
similar
‫مرادف‬
sentence
‫جملة‬
rules
‫قواعد‬
‫نفي‬
reason
‫سبب‬
‫ مثبت‬/ ‫إثبات‬
purpose
‫ الهدف‬/ ‫الغرض‬
meaning
‫المعنى‬
modal verb
‫فعل ناقص‬
negative
positive /
affirmative
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
superlative
2
‫ماضي مستمر‬
‫صيغة التفضيل بين‬
‫أكثر من شيء‬
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Nouns
bottom (n)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
= similar meaning
‫االسفل‬
Tom and Sam sleep in bunk beds. Sam sleeps on the
bottom. Tom sleeps on the top.
center (n)
≠ opposites
≠ top
‫ وسط‬/ ‫مركز‬
Riyadh is in the center of Saudi Arabia.
circle (n)
‫دائرة‬
A circle is round like a ball.
description (n)
‫وصف‬
Give me a description of your house.
edge (n)
= information about
what someone /
something looks like
‫طرف‬
The edge of a circle is curved.
job (v)
‫وظيفة‬
= occupation,
profession
Ali has a good job. He is a pilot.
line (n)
‫خط‬
Write on the line.
math / mathematics (n)
‫رياضيات‬/ ‫حسابات‬
Mathematics is the study of numbers. I hate math.
mistake (n)
‫غلطة‬
Ali made a mistake in his test so he failed.
opposite (n)
= error
‫عكس‬
Col Smith's office is opposite the door.
rectangle (n)
‫مستطيل‬
A rectangle has 2 short sides and 2 long sides.
shape (n)
‫شكل‬
Brad studies math. He studies numbers and shapes.
side (n)
Examples: triangle,
circle, square
‫جانب‬
A triangle has three sides.
square (n)
‫مربع‬
A square has 4 sides. They have the same size.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
15
16
top (n)
Vocabulary
‫األعلى‬
Write your name at the top of the page.
triangle (n)
≠ bottom
‫مثلث‬
A triangle is a shape with three sides.
Verbs
17
18
19
compare (v)
‫يقارن‬
'Compare Tom and Bill.' 'Tom is tall but Bill is short.'
describe (v)
'Describe your brother.'
= say how things are the
same or different
‫يصف‬
'He's strong and tall.'
draw (past = drew) (v)
‫ يرسم‬/ ‫رسم‬
Sally drew a circle in her book.
= make a picture with a
pen or pencil
Adjectives
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
curved (adj)
‫منحني‬
The line on a circle is not straight - it’s curved.
fast (adj/adv)
‫سريع‬
= quick
≠ slow
‫صغير‬
= small
≠ big, large, huge
An F-15 is a plane. It is fast.
little (adj)
The little boy is eating an ice-cream.
narrow (adj)
‫ضيق‬
You can't park on my street. It isn't wide. It's narrow.
round (adj)
≠ straight
≠ wide
‫دائري‬
A football is round.
slow (adj)
‫بطيء‬
≠ fast, quick
Flying is fast. Walking is slow.
straight (adj)
‫ مستقيم‬-‫مباشر‬
The lines on a square are straight.
strong (adj)
‫قوي‬
I can't drink this coffee. It's too strong.
weak (adj)
‫ضعيف‬
I don't like strong tea. I like weak tea.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
4
≠ curved
≠ weak
≠ strong
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
29
wide (adj)
Vocabulary
‫عريض‬
Main Street is wide. Many cars can park there.
≠ narrow
Other words and phrases
30
31
32
alike
The two shirts are alike. They are similar.
both
= similar, the same
≠ different
‫كالهما‬
Ali and Ahmed are both cadets.
like
‫شبه‬
= similar to
≠ different from
Bill is like Ben. They are alike.
other
33
‫متشابهة‬
‫اخر‬
One of my brothers is at the TSI. The other works in
a bank.
What's this called?
34
‫ما اسم هذا ؟‬
It's called a circle.
‫اسمها دائرة‬
What is your teacher like?
35
‫صف استاذك؟‬
= tell me about his
character
He's very nice. He smiles a lot.
. ‫ إنه يبتسم كثيرا‬.‫إنه لطيف جدا‬
What does your teacher look like?
36
= describe his
appearance / face /
body
‫كيف هو شكل استاذك؟‬
He's very tall. He has blue eyes.
.‫ وله عينان زرقاوان‬. ‫إنه طويل‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Lesson 2
1
2
3
Nouns
bottom (n)
5
center (n)
7
8
9
‫سفلي‬
‫المركز‬
Kingdom Tower is in the center of Riyadh.
circumference (n)
≠ opposites
≠ top
= middle
‫المحيط‬
The circumference is the line around a circle.
‫القطر‬
The diameter is a straight line that goes from one
side of a circle to the other, crossing the center.
error (n)
‫خطأ‬
John made an error in the math problem.
explanation (n)
6
= similar meaning
The page number is at the bottom of the page.
diameter (n)
4
Vocabulary
‫شرح‬
The student didn't understand the math problem so
the teacher gave him an explanation.
half / halves (n)
‫ أنصاف‬/ ‫نصف‬
Bill had $10. He gave half to Sam. He gave Sam $5.
price (n)
‫سعر‬
'What's the price of that TV?' '$500.'
problem (n)
diameter = 2 times the
radius
= mistake
= how and why
something happened
= ½, 50%
= cost
‫مشكلة‬
Tony didn't understand the math problem.
radius (n)
10
11
12
13
‫نصف القطر‬
The radius is a line from the center of a circle to the edge
of the circle.
top (n)
‫أعلى‬
The teacher wrote the date at the top of the board.
≠ bottom
total (n)
‫المجموع‬
Add all the numbers together to get the total.
weight (n)
‫الوزن‬
Ali’s weight is 70 kg.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Vocabulary
Verbs
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
add (v)
‫أضف‬
≠ subtract
Add seven and three. The total is ten.
count (v)
‫ أحصي‬/ ‫عد‬
Mr Smith counted the books. There were 12.
divide (into) (v)
= add
‫يقسم‬
The teacher divided the class into two teams.
divided by ( ÷ ) (v)
‫اقسم على‬
Six divided by three equals two.
equals ( = ) (v)
‫يساوي‬
= the same as, total
Two plus two equals four.
explain (v)
‫يشرح‬
The teacher explained the problem to the student.
make (past = made) a mistake (v)
‫ أخطأ‬/ ‫يخطئ‬
Bill made a mistake.
multiplied by ( x ) (adj)
= make an error
‫مضروب في‬
Two multiplied by three equals six.
multiply ( x ) (v)
)‫يضرب (رياضيات‬
Multiply two by three to get six.
subtract ( - ) (v)
‫يطرح‬
= times
= minus
≠ add
Subtract two from five to get three.
understand (past = understood) (v) ‫ يفهم‬/ ‫فهم‬
24
25
After the teacher explained, I understood the
problem.
weigh (v)
'Is the box heavy?'
‫يزن‬
'I don't know. Let's weigh it.'
= find out how heavy
something is
Adjectives
26
absent (adj)
‫غائب‬
George isn't here today. He is absent.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
7
≠ present
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
27
28
29
30
31
32
easy (adj)
Vocabulary
‫سهل‬
The problem was easy. The student understood it.
hard (adj)
‫صعب‬
The problem was hard. Jim didn't understand it.
heavy (adj)
‫ثقيل‬
‫خفيف‬
≠ heavy
A table tennis ball is light.
present (adj)
‫حاضر‬
All the students were present. No-one was absent.
straight (adj)
≠ easy
≠ light
A basketball is heavy.
light (adj)
≠ difficult
‫مستقيم‬
The road from Dammam to Khobar is straight.
≠ absent
≠ curved
Other words and phrases
33
34
35
36
37
any
Do you have $5? I don’t have any money.
both
39
40
‫كالهما‬
Sam has two brothers. Both are in the military.
each
‫ كل واحد‬/ ‫كل من‬
Betsy bought three coffees. Each coffee cost $2.
into
= two
= one
‫في‬
Put the books into the box.
minus ( - )
‫ناقص من‬
Two minus one equals one.
more
38
‫أي‬
‫أكثر‬
Gary is 70kg. Sam is 65kg. Gary weighs more than
Sam.
other
= subtracted from
≠ less
‫ أخرى‬/ ‫آخر‬
Bill has 2 pens. One is red and the other is black.
plus ( + )
‫زائد‬
= added to
Five plus two equals seven.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
41
42
43
some
Vocabulary
‫بعض‬
I made coffee. Do you want some?
than
)‫من (مقارنة‬
France is smaller than the USA.
times ( x )
‫ضرب‬
= multiplied by
Four times two is eight.
44
+
plus
45
-
minus
46
x
times / multiply by
47
÷
divided by
48
=
equals
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
animal (n)
= similar meaning
‫حيوان‬
Examples: dog,
camel, horse,
A camel is an animal.
back (n)
‫خلف‬
My children sit in the back of the car.
backyard (n)
≠ opposites
≠ front
‫الفناء الخلفي‬
My house has a backyard. My children play in it.
bird (n)
‫طير‬
A bird can fly.
cat (n)
‫قط‬
A cat is an animal.
John has a pet cat.
dog (n)
‫كلب‬
Paul takes his dog to the park every day.
earth (n)
A dog is an animal.
‫أرض‬
The moon goes around the earth.
fence (n)
‫حاجز‬
My backyard has a fence because we have dogs.
flower (n)
‫زهرة‬
In the summer, we have many flowers in our yard.
front (n)
‫أمام‬
My house has a small yard at the front.
garage (n)
≠ back
‫مرآب‬
I park my car in the garage.
gate (n)
‫بوابة‬
Sue opened the gate and went into the backyard.
grass (n)
‫عشب‬
Sue has lots of green grass in her yard.
hill (n)
‫(التل) منطقة مرتفعة‬
There are trees on the hill.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
10
= a small mountain
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
land (n)
Vocabulary
‫أرض‬
From the moon you can see land and water on earth.
leaf / leaves (n)
‫ ورق شجر‬/ ‫أوراق الشجر‬
In autumn leaves fall from the trees.
moon (n)
‫قمر‬
The moon travels around the earth.
past (n)
‫الماضي‬
In the past people didn’t drive cars.
present (n)
‫الحاضر‬
At present there are 1,000 cadets in TSI.
rear (n)
‫خلف‬
The rear door is in the back of the house.
river (n)
≠ the present
= now
≠ in the past
= back
≠ front
‫نهر‬
You can swim in rivers and lakes.
roof (n)
‫سطح‬
The roof is on top of the house.
star (n)
‫نجمة‬
At night you can see many stars in the sky.
world (n)
‫عالم‬
There are 193 countries in the world.
yard (n)
= Earth
‫حديقة‬
My children play in the yard at the back of the house.
Verbs
26
27
climb (v)
‫يتسلق‬
The cat climbed the tree in the yard.
run (past = ran) (v)
‫ يركض‬/ ‫ركض‬
Dogs like to run outside.
Other words
28
above (prep)
‫فوق‬
Above me is the sky. The clock is above the door.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
11
≠ below
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
around (prep)
Vocabulary
‫حول‬
It takes one year for the earth to go around the sun.
back (adj)
‫خلف‬
Don't use the back door. Use the front door.
below (prep)
‫اسفل‬
by (prep)
‫بجانب‬
= we
= rear
≠ front
= under
Write your name. Then write your class number below. ≠ above
Jim’s new house is by the mosque. It's not far.
front (adj)
‫أمامي‬
My front yard is smaller than my backyard.
high (adj)
‫عالي‬
‫منخفض‬
This book cost one dollar. That is a low price.
next to (prep)
≠ back
≠ low
Birds fly high above the trees.
low (adj)
= near to
≠ high
‫التالي‬
I have a garage next to my house.
over (prep)
‫على‬
= above
The plane flew over the sea.
past
‫الماضي‬
In the past, buildings were smaller.
rear (adj)
‫خلفي‬
My children sit in the rear of the car.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
12
= back
≠ front
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Vocabulary
Nouns
appliance (n)
= similar meaning
‫آالت منزلية‬
We often use appliances in the kitchen.
armchair (n)
‫كرسي‬
‫دوالب كتب‬
There are many books in my bookcase.
cabinet (n)
‫كبينة‬
There are cabinets in my kitchen and my living room.
can (n)
Examples: dishwasher,
refrigerator, stove
An armchair is
furniture.
John likes to sit in his armchair.
bookcase (n)
≠ opposites
A bookcase is
furniture.
A cabinet is for
keeping things in.
‫علبة معدنية‬
A can of Pepsi costs $1.
can opener (n)
‫فاتح العلب‬
I use a can opener to open cans of food.
carpet (n)
A can opener is for
opening cans.
‫زولية – سجاد‬
There is a carpet on the floor of my living room.
ceiling (n)
‫سقف‬
Some houses have a fan on the ceiling.
coffee table (n)
‫طاولة القهوة‬
There is a coffee table in front of the sofa.
couch (n)
‫كنبة‬
Three or four people can sit on my couch.
curtain (n)
‫ستائر‬
Good curtains on the windows keep the sun out.
dishwasher (n)
‫غسالة صحون‬
We wash the dishes in a dishwasher.
drapes (n)
‫ستائر‬
I have red drapes in front of my windows.
drawer (n)
A coffee table is
furniture.
= sofa
= drapes
This appliance is for
washing dishes.
= curtains
‫ سحاب‬/ ‫درج‬
I keep small things in drawers in my kitchen.
end table (n)
‫طاولة جانبية‬
There is a lamp on the end table next to my armchair.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
16
fan (n)
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
‫مروحة‬
In summer I use a fan to cool my room.
faucet (n)
17
Vocabulary
‫ حنفية‬/ ‫صنبور‬
My kitchen sink has two faucets: one for hot water
and one for cold water.
floor (n)
This appliance is for
keeping the room cool.
You turn a faucet to
get water.
‫أرضية‬
David has a big carpet on the floor of his living room.
furniture (n)
‫أثاث‬
There is a lot of furniture in my living room.
kitchen (n)
‫مطبخ‬
Mrs Jones makes dinner in the kitchen every evening.
lamp (n)
‫مصباح‬
At night I often turn on the lamp and read a book.
living room (n)
‫صالة الجلوس‬
Bob's family are watching TV in the living room.
microwave oven (n)
‫فرن مايكروويف‬
A microwave oven cooks food in a few minutes.
outlet (n)
‫مخرج كهرباء‬
You must plug appliances into outlets.
pan (n)
Examples: sofa,
armchair, bookcase
a room for cooking
and making meals
This appliance gives
light.
a room for relaxing
with friends and
family
This appliance is for
cooking food fast.
= socket
‫مقالة‬
Jane used a pan to cook some chicken.
plug (n)
‫فيش‬
To get electricity, put the plug into the outlet.
pot (n)
‫إناء‬
Jane uses a big pot for cooking vegetables.
refrigerator (n)
‫ثالجة‬
rug (n)
‫سجادة‬
This appliance is for
Mrs Hill keeps meat, milk and cheese in the refrigerator. keeping food cool.
There is a small rug under the coffee table.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
14
= a small carpet
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
30
31
32
33
34
shelf / shelves (n)
Vocabulary
‫ رف‬/ ‫رفوف‬
There are many books on the shelves in the library.
sink (n)
‫مغسلة‬
I wash my face and shave in the sink.
sofa (n)
‫كنبة‬
Bill and his friends sit on the big sofa in his living room.
stove (n)
‫موقد غاز‬
Kitchens usually have a stove for cooking food.
toaster (n)
‫محمصة‬
A toaster is a small appliance for toasting bread.
= couch
This appliance is for
cooking food.
This appliance is for
toasting bread.
Verbs
35
36
37
38
keep (past = kept) (v)
‫ يحتفظ‬/ ‫احتفظ‬
I keep all my money in the bank.
lay (past = laid) (down) (v)
‫ يسترخي‬/ ‫استرخى‬
Tom laid the new carpet on his living room floor.
plug (in) (v)
‫يشبك‬
Plug in the TV. I want to watch the soccer match.
use (v)
= connect it to the
electricity
‫يستخدم‬
We use a pen for writing.
Adjectives and adverbs
39
40
41
42
43
often (adv)
‫غالبا‬
I don’t like to cook so I often eat at restaurants.
pretty (adj)
‫جميل‬
Jane put some pretty flowers on the coffee table
seldom (adv)
‫نادرا‬
He seldom drives because he doesn’t have a car.
ugly (adj)
‫بشع‬
= beautiful
≠ ugly
= almost never
≠ often
≠ pretty, beautiful
I don’t like my old couch. It is ugly.
usually (adv)
≠ seldom
‫عادة‬
Alan usually plays soccer on Fridays.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Vocabulary
What do you use a dishwasher for?
‫فيم تستخدم غسالة الصحون؟‬
You use a dishwasher for washing plates and glasses.
‫تستخدم غسالة الصحون في غسل األطباق واألكواب‬
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16
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7 Grammar
1.
One / Other
(L1. Pg.14)
Use one and other to show differences between two things.
‫ لتوضيح الفرق بين شيئين مختلفين‬other ‫ و‬one ‫استخدم كلمتي‬
One man is
short.
The other is
tall.
Examples
One cadet is happy. The other is angry.
I had two tests last week. One test was easy but the other was very
difficult.
2. Other / Both
This is my apple.
(L1. Pg.16)
The other apple is Ahmed’s.
Both apples are red.
(There are two red apples.)
We use other to talk
about one more thing.
other ‫نستخدم كلمة‬
‫للحديث عن الشيء اآلخر‬
We use both to talk about
two things together.
‫ للحديث‬both ‫نستخدم كلمة‬
‫عن شيئين مجتمعين‬
Examples
Aziz had 2 tests last week. He got 85% in one test and 90% in the
other. He did well in both tests.
Both Italian restaurants in my town are popular. My friend likes
this restaurant but I prefer the other one.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Grammar
3. Adjectives in front of nouns
(L1. Pg.22)
Put adjectives before nouns to describe them.
.‫ الصفة دائما تسبق الموصوف (االسم) بعكس اللغة العربية‬:‫في اللغة االنجليزية‬
Noun
Tim has a car.
Adjectiv
e
It is fast.

Tim has a fast car.
Adjectiv
e
Noun
before
Examples
Mike drives a taxi. It is green.  Mike drives a green taxi.
He received some news. It was good.  He received some good news.
You can also say these 3 sentences as 1 sentence using the same rule.
‫بإمكانك أيضا دمج هذه الجمل الثالث وتكوين جملة واحدة‬
The boy is young.
Noun
He got off his bike.
The bike is blue.
Noun
Adjective
Adjective
 The young boy got off the blue bike.
Examples
The cadets are hungry.
They are eating chicken. It is spicy.
The hungry cadets are eating spicy chicken.
My camera is old. It takes pictures. They are good.
My old camera takes good pictures.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Grammar
3. Comparative adjectives
(L2. Pg.47)
Use comparatives to compare two things, or two groups of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة للمقارنة بين شيئين او مجموعتين من االشياء‬
The black cars are bigger than the red ones.
The red cars are smaller than the black ones.
Col Smith
Sgt Jones
Sgt Jones is taller than Col Smith.
Col Smith is shorter than Sgt Jones.
Rules
Adjective
Comparative
Example
cheap
cheaper
A Kia is cheaper than
a Porsche.
early
earlier
I get up earlier on
school days than at
the weekend.
‫ مع‬er ‫اضف‬
‫الصفات ذات‬
‫المقطع الواحد‬
One syllable:
add -er
Two syllables
‫الصفات ذات‬
ending in –y:
‫المقطعين‬
y‫ المنتهية بـ‬remove –y, add
-ier
‫نحذف الحرف‬
‫االخير‬
ier ‫ونضيف‬
*Note: use than after the comparative.
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‫ بعد المقارنة‬than ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Grammar
4. Superlatives
(L3. Pg. 78)
Use superlatives to talk about the ONE thing that is the –est / most /
least from a group of things. ‫استخدم المقارنة القصوى لمقارنة شيء واحد مقابل اشياء اخرى‬
A is the smallest.
est ‫اضف‬
‫بعد الصفة‬
‫ذات المقطع‬
‫الواحد‬
D is the biggest.
Rules
Adjective
Superlative
Example
One syllable:
add –est
cheap
the cheapest
Kia is the cheapest
car.
easy
the easiest
My morning class is
the easiest one of
all.
‫ الصفات ذات‬Two syllables
‫ المقطعين‬ending in –y:
y‫ المنتهية بـ‬remove –y,
‫نحذف الحرف‬
add -iest
‫االخير‬
iest ‫ونضيف‬
*Note: always use the before the superlative.
‫ قبل المقارنة القصوى‬the ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Grammar
5. Some / Any
(L2. Pg.55)
Use some in positive sentences.
)‫ في الجمل المثبتة (غير المنفية‬some ‫استخدم كلمة‬
Use any in negative sentences.
‫ في الجمل المنفية‬any ‫استخدم كلمة‬
I have some money for you.
I don’t have any money for you.
There is some milk on the table.
There isn’t any milk on the table.
You can use some or any in questions. ‫في االسئلة‬any ‫ و‬some ‫يمكن استخدام كلمتي‬
Do you have any coffee? / Do you have some coffee?
Is there any milk left? / Is there some milk left?
Use some...
1)‫شيء‬
… ‫طلب‬
when
‫ عند‬asking for things:
Can I have some tea, please?
2) … when offering things:
Would you like some cake?
‫عند عرض شيء‬
6. How old…
(L3. Pg.70)
Question
How
+
old
BE
Subject
is
your car?
+
+
are
Subject
BE
I
am
Sentence
He/ She/ It
+
We / You / They
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is
are
21
your parents? you?
20 years old.
+
1 year old.
15 years old.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 7
Grammar
7. Using things for doing something
(L4. Pg.102)
When you say what you use something for, you can use for + V-ing …
....... ing + ‫ الفعل‬+ for ‫ يمكنك استخدام كلمة‬،‫عندما تريد توضيح الغرض من استخدام شيء ما‬
I / You /
We / They
use
+
She / He /
It
+
uses
noun or
pronoun
Verb-ing
a box
carrying books.
a camera
+
for
+
glasses
taking photos.
reading books.
… or you can use to + Verb 1
)ing ‫ الفعل فقط (بدون‬+ to ‫ أو بإمكانك استخدام كلمة‬.....
I / You /
We /
They
She / He /
It
use
+
+
uses
noun or
pronoun
Verb 1
a box
carry books.
a camera
+
glasses
to
+
take photos.
read books.
Examples
He uses the box for carrying his books.
He uses the box to carry his books.
I always use my phone for taking photos.
I always use my phone to take photos.
She usually uses glasses for reading the news.
She usually uses glasses to read the news.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫شارع تجاري‬
avenue (n)
My house is on an avenue next to a bank.
An avenue is a street
with trees.
‫حارة‬
block (n)
The commissary is two blocks from here.
‫مئوية‬
Celsius (C) (n)
‘What is the temperature?’ ‘It is 40⁰ Celsius.’
‫درجة مئوية‬
centigrade (n)
Water boils at 100⁰ centigrade.
‫زاوية‬
corner (n)
The computer is in the corner of the classroom.
‫درجات‬
degrees ( ° ) (n)
It’s cold. The temperature is only five degrees )5⁰C(.
‫إتجاه‬
direction (n)
‘Which direction is Houston?’
directions (n)
‘It’s north.’
‫إتجاهات‬
Can you give me directions to the post office?
east (n)
‫شرق‬
exclamation mark (n)
‫عالمة التعجب‬
I passed the test. Great!
exclamation mark
exit (n)
‫مخرج‬
Tim left the highway and took the exit for the airport.
‫مقياس فهرنهايت‬
Water changes to ice at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
freeway (n)
‫خط سريع‬
Jack drives to New York on the freeway every day.
ground (n)
= Celsius
A corner is where two
edges meet.
A degree is a unit of
temperature.
Examples: north,
south, east, west
= the way to go to a
place
East is a direction.
New York is in the east of the US.
Fahrenheit (F) (n)
Celsius is a kind of
temperature.
Exclamation marks are
punctuation.
≠ entrance
Americans measure
temperature in
Fahrenheit.
= large, wide road
between cities
)‫األرض (سطح األرض‬
Jill found her phone on the ground.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
highway (n)
Vocabulary
‫طريق سريع‬
= freeway
I drove on the highway to Dallas last night.
ice (n)
‫ثلج‬
John puts ice in his soda because he likes cool drinks.
kilometer (km) (n)
‫كيلو متر‬
= 1000 meters
Ali walks five kilometers every day.
mile (n)
)‫ميل (قياس‬
1 mile = 1.6 kilometers
My house is fifty miles from New Jersey.
north (n)
‫شمال‬
North is a direction.
Chicago is a city in the north of the US.
park (n)
‫حديقة عامة‬
= public gardens
Let’s go for a walk in the park.
quotation marks (n)
‫عالمة اقتباس‬
"Hello", said Fred. quotation marks
road (n)
Quotation marks are
punctuation.
‫طريق‬
Small children should not play near the road.
south (n)
‫جنوب‬
‫درجة الحرارة‬
The temperature in summer is higher than in winter.
thermometer (n)
‫مقياس درجة الحرارة‬
Look at the thermometer to check the temperature.
west (n)
= street
South is a direction.
Abha is a city in the south of Saudi Arabia.
temperature (n)
= water at 0° Celsius
‫غرب‬
= how hot it is
A thermometer is for
reading the temperature.
West is a direction.
Los Angeles is a city in the west of the US.
Verbs
27
28
be going to (past = was going to) (v)
Bill is going to play football tomorrow.
fall (past = fell) (v)
‫ يسقط‬/ ‫سقط‬
The temperature fell to 7⁰C in January.
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‫سوف‬
= will
≠ rise (past = rose)
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
29
30
31
32
Vocabulary
‫اتبع‬
follow (v)
“Follow me. I know the way” said Ken.
‫ يتجمد‬/ ‫تجمدت‬
freeze (past = froze) (v)
We froze the meat last week to keep it fresh.
grow (past = grew) (v)
‫ تكبر‬/ ‫ تنمو‬/ ‫ كبرت‬/ ‫نمت‬
The tomatoes grew well in the sunshine.
‫تهبط‬
land (v)
Pilots land planes at airports and airbases.
≠ lead
≠ melt
= become bigger
= put a plane on the ground
≠ take off
take (a right/left, a street) (v) )‫انعطف – خذ(اتجاه‬
= turn left/right
33
The bank is near. Take a right and you will see it.
34
take off (past = took off) (v)
‫ يقلع‬/ ‫اقلع‬
The plane took off at three o’clock.
= a plane goes into the air
≠ land
Adjectives and adverbs
38
39
35
36
37
‫ األحسن‬/ ‫األفضل‬
best
Pele was one of the best footballers in the world.
‫ أحسن‬/ ‫أفضل‬
better
David's score (85%) is better than Harry's (72%).
= finest
≠ poorer
‫إلى األمام‬
straight
Don’t take a left or right, just go straight.
‫اسوأ من‬
worse
My spelling is worse than yours!
‫األسوأ‬
worst
John thinks winter is the worst season to travel.
= poorer
≠ finest
Other words and phrases
44
45
46
‫لمسافة‬
for (distance) (prep)
Harry walked for two miles along the beach.
‫لمدة‬
for (time) (prep)
Bob studies for one hour every day after class.
north of / south of / west of / east of
‫شمال‬
/ ‫جنوب‬
/
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
‫غرب‬
/ ‫شرق‬
25
Boston is north of New
York.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Giving directions
How can I get to ...?
Vocabulary
‫اعطاء االتجاهات‬
‫كيف أذهب إلى ؟‬
Take Highway 35 south for two miles.
‫ لمسافة ميلين‬35 ‫اسلك الطريق السريع رقم‬
Take exit 85 and turn right.
‫ ثم انعطف يمينا‬85 ‫خذ المخرج رقم‬
Turn left / right at ...
‫ يمينا عند‬-‫انعطف شماال‬
47
Take a left / right at ...
‫انعطف شماال – يمينا عند‬
Go west for 4 blocks.
‫اتجه غربا لمسافة اربعة احياء‬
Go straight ahead for 2 blocks.
‫اسلك الطريق لألمام لمسافة حيين‬
Go up Pine Street to Main Street.
‫اسلك شارع باين صعودا باتجاه الشارع الرئيسي‬
Go down the street to the corner of Main and
3rd.
‫اسلك الشارع نزوال الى الزاوية بين الشارع الرئيسي والثالث‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Vocabulary
Nouns
exercise (n)
= similar meaning
‫تدريب‬
Running and push-ups are good exercises.
fun (n)
≠ opposites
Examples: sit-ups,
swimming, running
‫مرح‬
Tests are not fun! Exercise is fun with a friend.
gymnasium (gym) (n)
‫نادي رياضي‬
Joe is going to the gym after work.
push-up (n)
‫تمرين الدفع‬
A push-up is a kind
of exercise.
John does fifteen push-ups every day.
sit-up (n)
‫تمرين الجلوس‬
Bill can do one hundred sit-ups.
watch (n)
A sit-up is a kind of
exercise.
‫ساعة يد‬
Did you watch the football game last night?
workout (n)
‫تمرين‬
Lifting weights and swimming are both workouts.
= exercise
Verbs
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
exercise (v)
‫يتدرب‬
Eddie exercises every morning at the gym.
forget to (past = forgot to) (v) ‫ينسى‬
/ ‫نسي‬
Mike forgot to bring money for lunch.
get (past = got in shape) (v) ‫ينحف‬
= work out, train
≠ remember to
/ ‫نحف‬
Jim got in shape and can run for three miles.
have (past = had) a good time (v) ‫استمتع بوقتك‬
Mr and Mrs Jones had a good time at the theatre.
have (past = had) fun (v)
‫ استمتع‬/ ‫استمتع‬
Oscar and Ali had fun watching the show.
hit (past = hit) (v)
‫يصيب‬
Fred hit his head on the door yesterday.
miss (v)
)‫لم تصب (الهدف‬
Alan missed the goal and didn’t score.
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27
= enjoy yourself
= enjoyed
≠ miss
≠ hit
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
15
16
17
18
remember (to) (v)
Vocabulary
‫يتذكر‬
Did you remember to bring your ID?
shut (past = shut) (v)
‫يغلق – اغلق‬
Mark shut the door and locked it.
try (past = tried) to (v)
‫ حاول‬-‫يحاول‬
Tim tried to read his book but it was too dark.
work out (v)
‫يتدرب‬
Henry works out for an hour every day.
≠ forget to
= close → closed
= attempt (to)
= exercise
Adjectives
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
beautiful (adj)
‫ جميلة‬/ ‫جميل‬
There is a beautiful mosque in my town.
boring (adj)
)‫ممل(طفش‬
This movie is boring. Let's turn off the TV.
difficult (adj)
‫صعب‬
Some people think chess is a difficult game.
exciting (adj)
‫مثير‬
Travelling to a new country is exciting.
healthy (adj)
‫صحي‬
Sam is healthy because he exercises and eats fruit.
important (adj)
‫مهم‬
Listen! The sergeant is telling us important news.
interesting (adj)
‫ممتع‬
I want to finish this book because it’s interesting.
in shape / in good shape
‫معضل‬
Ann is in good shape because she exercises often.
out of shape (adj)
‫ غير الئق بدنيا‬/ ‫سمين‬
Gary does not work out. He is out of shape.
terrific (adj)
‫مذهل‬
Ben is a terrific football player. He never misses.
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28
= pretty
≠ ugly
≠ interesting
= hard
≠ easy
= fun
≠ sick, unhealthy
≠ unimportant
≠ boring
= fit
≠ in bad shape, unfit
= unfit
≠ in shape, fit
= fantastic, great
≠ awful, terrible
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
29
30
free time (n)
‫وقت الفراغ‬
The cadets relaxed in their free time.
Whose
Whose jacket is that?
It's mine.
It's his.
It's hers.
It's ours.
It's yours.
It's theirs.
‫لمن‬
‫لمن هذا المعطف؟‬
Examples: rest time,
leisure time
= who does it belong
to?
‫انه لي‬
‫انه له‬
‫انه لها‬
‫انه لنا‬
‫انه لك‬
‫انه لهم‬
The blue jacket is hers but those shoes are mine.
This computer is yours but that one is his.
'Is this your car?' 'No, it's theirs.'
32
its
)‫له – لها (لغير العاقل‬
The baby drinks its mother’s milk.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
= similar meaning
‫مفتاح المنطقة‬
area code (n)
The area code for Dammam and Khobar is ‘013’.
A telephone number
for an area.
‫جرس‬
bell (n)
‘I hear the bell.’
≠ opposites
‘Oh. Class begins. Let’s go.’
call (n)
‫اتصال‬
How much is an international call to India?
change (n)
= telephone call
‫صرف‬
This soda machine gives change but that one doesn’t.
coin (n)
‫عملة معدنية‬
Coins are small, round and metal.
conversation (n)
Examples: pennies,
nickels, dimes
‫محادثة‬
Joe doesn’t like long conversations. He’s a quiet guy.
factory (n)
‫مصنع‬
That factory makes radios. My uncles works there.
line (n)
A building that is
used to make things.
)‫خط الهاتف (رقم‬
I can’t call Mark because the line is busy. I’ll try later.
operator (n)
‫موظف السنترال‬
Call the operator on 100 if you have any problems.
page (n)
‫صفحة‬
The students opened their books at page 1.
pay phone (n)
‫هاتف‬/‫كبينة اتصال‬
Airports and supermarkets usually have pay phones.
person (n)
‫شخص‬
I saw a person with red hair and green eyes yesterday.
public phone (n)
‫هاتف عام‬
‘I don’t have my mobile.’ ‘OK. Use the public phone.’
slot (n)
‫فتحة ادخال النقود‬
Put the coins in the slot before you make a call.
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30
Pages are in a book.
= public phone
= somebody,
someone
= pay phone
= a long, narrow
hole
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Vocabulary
Verbs
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
call (up) (v)
‫اتصل‬
Tom called up the hotel to book his room.
deposit (v)
‫ يدفع‬/ ‫يشحن‬
Bill deposited 100 dollars into his bank account.
find (past = found) (v)
‫ اوجد‬/ ‫وجد‬
‘Peter is very happy.’ ‘Why?’ ‘He found 100 dollars.’
hang up (past = hung up) (v) ‫ اغلق الخط‬/ ‫غلق الخط‬
The line was busy. I hung up and tried again.
= make a phone call
= put money in
≠ withdraw
≠ lose )→ lost(
≠ pick up
make (past = made a phone call) (v) ‫ اتصل‬/ ‫اتصلت‬
I made a long-distance phone call to the US.
may (v)
‫ممكن‬
Look at those dark clouds. It may rain later.
might (v)
‫ربما‬
I don’t know what to do later. I might watch a movie.
pay (past = paid) (v)
‫ ادفع‬/ ‫دفع‬
Harry got out of the taxi cab and paid the driver.
ring (past = rang) (v)
‫ يرن‬/ ‫رن‬
The telephone rang but nobody answered it.
= might
= may
= to give someone
money
= to make a ringing
noise
Adjectives and adverbs
24
25
26
27
28
busy (adj)
‫مشغول‬
Eddie is busy at work. He has no time to eat his lunch.
cheap (adj)
‫رخيص‬
This coffee was only 3 riyals. It is very cheap.
expensive (adj)
‫غالي‬
Switzerland makes a lot of expensive watches.
international (adj)
‫دولي‬
International phone calls are expensive.
local (adj)
‫محلي‬
Local phone calls (in your local area or city) are free.
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≠ free
≠ expensive
= cheap
= between countries
≠ national
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
29
long distance (adj)
Vocabulary
)‫بعيد المدى(دولي‬
Long distance calls to the United States are expensive.
Usually describes
international calls.
Other words and phrases
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
just a minute
‫دقيقة من فضلك‬
‘Just a minute,’ said Tom, ‘I’ll be ready very soon.’
the least
‫األقل‬
Mr Andrew’s class has the least number of students.
less (than)
‫أٌقل من‬
Kuwait has less land than Saudi Arabia.
0 = operator
‫صفر‬
‫أكثر‬
‘Practice more and you will do better’ said a teacher.
the most
‫أغلب‬
Russia, the US, and KSA have most of the world’s oil.
whom
= fewest
≠ the most
≠ more
0 = zero, ‘oh’ or
‘nought’
Dial ‘0’ to speak to the operator.
more (than)
Examples: hang on,
hold on, wait a minute
≠ less
≠ least
‫ التي‬/ ‫الذي‬
Major Bell, whom you met last week, is visiting today.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Nouns
answering machine (n)
apartment (n)
12
13
‫آلة الرد في الهاتف‬
‫شقة‬
I live in an apartment on the tenth floor.
basement (n)
‫قبو‬
We keep our old furniture in the basement.
bedroom (n)
= a flat
a room under the
ground floor
‫غرفة النوم‬
I have a desk, cabinet and bed in my bedroom.
deposit (n)
‫تأمين‬
Joe will rent a new apartment. The deposit is $5000.
dining room (n)
‫صالة طعام‬
In the dining room there is a big table for us to use.
garden (n)
‫حديقة‬
Our garden has some plants, bushes and small trees.
kind (of) (n)
‫نوع‬
manager (n)
= a room where
people eat
= yard
= type of
A jet is a kind of airplane.
‫مدير‬
A manager usually gets a high salary.
= supervisor, boss
‫رسالة‬
Bill called his wife. She wasn't at home. So Bill left a
message on the answering machine.
moment (n)
11
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‘Are there any messages on the answering machine?”
message (n)
10
Vocabulary
‫لحظة‬
Please wait a moment.
Call back in a moment.
John is not here at the moment.
rent (n)
A very short period
of time.
= now
‫مبلغ االيجار‬
The apartment is expensive. The rent is $900 per month.
residence (n)
‫سكن‬
‘What kind of residence do you live in?’
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Examples: house,
apartment, barracks
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
Vocabulary
Verbs
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
be back (v)
‘I’m leaving now.’
call back (v)
‫يعود‬
‘What time will you be back?’
‫عاود االتصال‬
‘John can’t speak to you now. He will call back later.’
hold (past = held) (v) ‫انتظر على الخط‬
/ ‫انتظر على الخط‬
‘Please hold the line. I'll tell Sgt Harris you are calling.'
hold on (past = held on) (v) ‫ انتظر‬/ ‫انتظر‬
'Do you have change of $20?' 'Hold on. I'll check.'
look for (v)
‫يبحث‬
I'm looking for my keys. I can't find them.
manage (v)
‫يدير‬
Mr Willis is the boss. He manages the factory.
rent (v)
= return
= call again
= wait (on the
phone)
= wait a minute
= search, hunt for
= organize, control
‫يستأجر‬
Brad is renting this apartment. It doesn't belong to him.
tell (past = told) (v)
‫يقول‬/ ‫ أخبر‬/ ‫ قال‬/ ‫أخبر‬
I'll tell Sgt Harris that you called.
wait (for) (v)
= say to someone
‫انتظر‬
Peter waited 20 minutes for the bus. Please wait here.
Other words and phrases
23
What time is it?
a quarter after / past
a quarter till / to
half past
X minutes after / past
X minutes till / to
‫كم هي الساعة‬
‫وربع‬
‫إال ربع‬
hour
‫ونصف‬
)‫و(الدقائق‬
)‫إال (الدقائق‬
‘What time is break?’
‘A quarter past ten.’
I’ll go home at a quarter till eight.
The drugstore opens at half past nine.
Your lesson will start at ten minutes past seven.
Our work day finishes at five minutes to five.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
24
25
for rent
‫لإليجار‬
These apartments are for rent: $600 a month.
from (time)
= for hire
‫من‬
Lunch break is from noon till one o’clock.
that
29
Vocabulary
‫ذلك‬
1. Our manager said (that) we could leave early today.
that
‫ذلك‬
2. Would you like this one or that one?
30
31
32
till (time)
‫إال‬
This shop only stays open till twelve on Thursdays.
to (time)
‫إال‬
I study English from Sunday to Wednesday.
until (time)
‫إال‬
Let’s work until one o’clock and then we’ll eat lunch.
= until, to
= until, till
= to, till
On the telephone
May I speak to Tom?
‫هل استطيع التحدث مع توم؟‬
Can you hold the line?
‫هل تستطيع االنتظار على الخط؟‬
Can I take a message?
‫هل استطع استالم رسالتك ؟‬
Can he call you back?
33
‫هل يستطيع معاودة االتصال بك ؟‬
Hold on, please.
‫انتظر من فضلك‬
He’s not here at the moment.
‫هو غير موجود حاليا‬
He’ll return your call tomorrow.
‫انه سيتصل بك غدا‬
I’d like to leave a message.
‫أود ترك رسالة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8 Grammar
1.
Talking about the future with be + going to
(L1. Pg.18/20/22)
Use be + going to + Verb 1 to talk about a plan for a future action.
‫ للحديث عن خططك المستقبلية‬be + going to ‫استخدم‬
Positive ‫للتأكيد‬
Subject
BE
Verb 1 + detail
I
am
He / She / It
is
We / You / They
are
going to
leave at 7pm.
play tennis later.
eat fish tonight.
going to + Verb 1
Negative ‫للنفي‬
Subject
I
BE
am
He / She / It
is
We / You / They
are
Verb 1 + detail
not
going to
leave at 7pm.
play tennis later.
eat fish tonight.
Yes /No Questions ‫ال‬/‫اسئلة نعم‬
BE
Am
Subject
I
Is
he / she / it
Are
we / you
they
Verb 1 + detail
going to
leave at 7pm?
play tennis later?
eat fish tonight?
Examples
Are you going to watch the match?
No, I’m not going to watch the match.
Am I going to pass the test?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
Yes, you are going to pass the test.
36
Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
2.
Grammar
Comparatives
(L1. Pg.28 /77/79 )
Use comparatives to compare two things, or two groups of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة للمقارنة بين شيئين او مجموعتين من االشياء‬
The black cars are bigger than the red ones.
The red cars are smaller than the black ones.
Sgt Jones
Col Smith
Sgt Jones is taller than Col Smith.
Col Smith is shorter than Sgt Jones.
Rules
Adjective
Comparative
Example
One syllable:
add -er
cheap
cheaper
A Kia is cheaper than a
Porsche.
Two syllables
ending in –y:
remove –y, add
-ier
early
earlier
I get up earlier on school
days than at the weekend.
careful
more careful
less careful
I am more careful than my
friend.
difficult
more difficult
less difficult
Math is less difficult than
English.
good
better
Barcelona are better than
Liverpool.
bad
worse
Two syllables
or more:
add more or less
Irregular
adjectives
I am worse than you at
tennis.
*Note: use than after the comparative
‫ بعد المقارنة‬than ‫ استخدم‬:‫مالحظة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Pg. 77
Pg. 28
Book 8
3.
Grammar
verb + to +Verb 1
(L2. Pg.46)
After some verbs, use to + Verb 1.
to + Verb 1 ‫بعد بعض االفعال استخدم‬
Subject
+ Verb
I
We
You
They
like
wanted
need
try
learn
began
are starting
remembered
forgot
He
She
It
The verb can be used in any tense.
‫قد يأتي هذا الفعل في أي زمن‬
+ to + Verb 1 + detail
likes
wanted
needs
tries
is learning
began
starts
remembered
forgot
to
play
tennis.
speak
English.
salute
the officer.
Examples
He learned to drive last year.
Ahmed and Dave forgot to do their homework.
They need to learn it correctly.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
4.
Grammar
Possessive pronouns
(L2. Pg.56)
Whose hat is it?
Whose ball is it?
It’s
mine.
It’s
hers.
‫لي‬
‫لها‬
It’s
hers
Whose dog is it?
‫له‬
Whose jet is it?
It’s
his.
It’s
theirs.
It’s
hers
Whose tank is it?
‫لنا‬
It’s
ours.
‫لهم‬
Whose flower is it?
It’s
yours.
.
‫لك‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
5.
Grammar
Who / Whom
Questions using who and whom have the same meaning.
‫ تحمل نفس المعنى‬whom ‫ و‬who ‫االسئلة التي تستخدم‬
(L3. Pg.74)
Note. *Whom is more formal than who.
*Whom is only used when talking about people.
‫ و تستخدم عند الحديث عن البشر فقط‬Who ‫ اكثر رسمية من‬Whom*
The 3 sentences below all have the same meaning:
To
Who
am
I
giving
this
book
to?
Whom
am
I
giving
this
book
to?
whom
am
I
giving
this
book?
You can put a preposition before whom. e.g. to…, for…, with…
whom ‫بإمكانك استخدام حرف جر قبل‬
Note. *When the question is about the object of the verb,
there are only 2 ways to make the question.
‫ يتم استخدام طريقتين فقط لتكوين السؤال‬,‫عندما يكون السؤال عن المفعول به للفعل‬
Who
did
you
see?
Whom
did
you
see?
Who
do
you
want
to
call?
Whom
do
you
want
to
call?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
6.
Grammar
Superlatives
(L3. Pg.77/81)
Use superlatives to talk about the ONE thing that is the –est / most /
least from a group of things.
‫استخدم المقارنة القصوى لمقارنة شيء واحد مقابل اشياء اخرى‬
Rule
Adjective
Superlative
Example
One syllable:
add –est
cheap
the cheapest
Kia is the cheapest car.
Two syllables
ending in –y:
remove –y,
add -iest
easy
the easiest
My morning class is
the easiest one of all.
careful
the most careful
the least careful
I am the most careful
driver of my friends.
difficult
the most difficult
the least difficult
Math is the least
difficult subject.
good
best
bad
worst
Two syllables
or more:
add most
Irregular
adjectives
Barcelona is the best.
I am the worst tennis
player.
*Note: always use the before the superlative – because you are
talking about only one thing.
‫ ألنك تتحدث عن شيء واحد فقط‬, ‫ قبل المقارنة القصوى‬the ‫دائما استخدم‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 8
7.
Grammar
May / Might
(L3. Pg.85)
May and might are modal verbs. Always use Verb 1 after a modal verb.
might ‫ و‬may ‫استخدم الفعل في التصريف االول بعد‬
May and might mean the same. They mean we are not 100% sure.
%100 ‫ يتم استخدامهم عندما ال نكون متأكدين‬.‫ لديهم نفس المعنى‬might ‫ و‬may
Subject
+
I / You
He / She / It
We / They
modal
+ Verb 1
may
might
need
go
+ detail
more money.
home early.
may / might + Verb 1
1
8.
Imperative sentences with tell
)‫ (اخبر‬Tell ‫جمل االمر باستخدام‬
Use tell to give orders to someone else.
(L4. Pg.101)
‫ إلصدار االوامر لشخص اخر‬tell ‫استخدم‬
You can use that or remove it..
.‫ او تجاهلها‬that ‫بإمكانك استخدام‬
Positive sentence
me / it
Tell
him / her
(that)
I will be late.
the shop is closed.
us / them
Negative sentence
me / it
Don’t tell
him / her
(that)
you forgot my name.
us / them
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
I have no money
42
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Nouns
account (n)
≠ opposites
‫حساب‬
John has an account at the bank.
bill (n)
‫فاتورة‬
I have two $10 bills and one $5 bill in my wallet.
card (n)
= note
‫بطاقة‬
Use your bank card to take money out of the bank.
cash (n)
‫نقدا‬
I don’t have any cash. Can I pay by credit card?
checkbook (n)
= money
‫دفتر شيكات‬
A checkbook has checks for buying things you need.
checking account (n)
‫حساب جاري‬
Bill has his money in a checking account at the bank.
credit card (n)
‫بطاقة ائتمانية‬
If you have no cash, you can use a credit card.
debit card (n)
‫بطاقة صراف‬
Tim used his debit card to buy groceries at the store.
deposit (n)
‫اِيداع‬
I made a deposit of $300 at the bank.
form (n)
≠ withdrawal
‫نموذج‬
If you want to open an account, please fill out this form.
information (n)
‫معلومات‬
Information about the company is on the website.
lemon (n)
‫ليمون‬
Lemons are a yellow fruit. They have a sour taste.
passport (n)
‫جواز سفر‬
Jim needed his passport to travel to the USA.
savings account (n)
14
= similar meaning
A lemon is a fruit.
= a document you
need to travel abroad
‫حساب ادخار‬
David saved his salary in his savings account.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
15
16
17
18
Vocabulary
signature (n)
‫توقيع‬
I wrote my signature at the bottom of the form.
slip (n)
)‫ايصال (فاتورة‬
A slip is a small form you fill out at the bank.
wallet (n)
‫محفظة‬
I keep my cash and bankcards in my wallet.
withdrawal (n)
‫سحب نقدي‬
Simon made a withdrawal of money from the bank.
= something for
keeping money in
≠ a deposit
Verbs
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
cash a check (v)
‫صرف شيك‬
I cashed a check for $150 at the bank.
close an account (v)
= give a check to the
bank and get money
‫قفل الحساب‬
I closed my account because I had no money in it.
complete (v)
‫يكمل‬
I completed a form at the bank to open an account.
deposit (v)
‫ايداع‬
Max deposited $400 in his bank account.
feel (past = felt) (v)
= fill in a form;
fill out a form
= put money into the bank
≠ withdraw
‫يحس‬
Bruce felt sick in the morning but now he feels better.
fill out (v)
‫ يكمل‬/ ‫يملئ‬
The customer filled out a form at the bank.
hide (past = hid) (v)
= fill in a form;
complete a form
‫ يخبئ‬/ ‫خبأ‬
The boy hid in the garden. His mom couldn’t see him.
look (v)
‫انظر‬
You look a little tired. Do you want to sit down?
lose (past = lost) (v)
‫بفقد‬
Bob lost his bank card so he needs a new one.
open an account (v)
≠ find
‫فتح حساب‬
I went to the bank to open an account.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
save (v)
Vocabulary
‫يدخر‬
Steven saves money in his bank account.
smell (v)
≠ spend
‫يشم‬
This food smells bad so don’t eat it.
sound (v)
)‫يبدو (صوت‬
The music on the radio sounds great.
spend (past = spent) (v)
‫ يصرف‬/ ‫صرف‬
They spent all their money on holiday.
take (past = took) (v)
≠ save
‫ يحمل‬/ ‫ أخذ‬/‫حمل‬
I took the train to the airport.
take out (of) (past = take out) (v) ‫يسحب نقدا‬
Dan took $50 out of his account.
taste (v)
= withdraw
‫مذاق‬
The orange juice tastes nice. Can I some more?
withdraw (past = withdrew) (v) ‫ يسحب نقدا‬/ ‫َس َح َب نقدا‬
Use an ATM to withdraw money from your account.
= take money out of
the bank
≠ deposit
Other words and phrases
37
38
39
40
41
42
bitter (adj)
‫مر‬
Lemon juice is bitter.
immediately (adv)
‫حاال‬
He immediately got his money from the ATM.
right away (adv)
‫مباشرة‬
With a credit card you can buy something right away
right here
= right now, right
away
= now, immediately
≠ later
‫هنا‬
The bank is right here on the street.
safe (adj)
‫آمن‬
The bank is a safe place for your money.
salty (adj)
≠ dangerous
‫مالح‬
Potato chips taste salty.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
43
44
45
soon (adv)
Vocabulary
‫قريبا‬
My credit card will arrive in the mail soon.
sour (adj)
‫حامض‬
This milk is 6 days old. It tastes sour.
sweet (adj)
‫حلو‬
The cookies in the shop taste sweet.
Sentences and questions in a bank
I’d like to open a bank account.
‫جُمل و أسئلة في البنك‬
‫أرغب في فتح حساب مصرفي‬
I’d like to make a deposit.
‫ارغب بالقيام بعملية ايداع‬
I’d like to withdraw some money.
‫أرغب بسحب بعض النقود‬
Can I cash this check?
46
‫هل أستطيع صرف هذا الشيك‬
Please complete this form.
‫الرجاء إكمال هذا النموذج‬
Fill out this withdrawal slip.
‫قم بتعبئة ايصال السحب هذا‬
How do you want your cash?
‫ما هي نوع الفئات النقدية التي تريدها؟‬
Please sign the check on the back.
‫الرجاء التوقيع خلف الشيك‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
Lesson 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
Nouns
accident (n)
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
‫حادث‬
Tom had an accident. Another car hit his car.
auto / automobile (n)
‫سيارة‬
Do you have insurance for your auto/automobile?
bicycle / bike (n)
= car
‫دراجة‬
A bicycle is easy to ride.
cause (n)
‫سبب‬
A careless driver caused the accident.
curve (n)
‫انحناء‬
There was a curve in the road - it wasn’t straight.
dent (n)
‫صدمة‬
A truck his Dan’s car. Now there is a dent on it.
fault (n)
7
Vocabulary
= damaged metal
‫خطأ‬
Whose fault was the accident?
The accident was my fault. I didn’t look.
fine (n)
‫حسنا‬
If you drive too fast, the Police will give you a fine.
insurance (n)
‫تأمين‬
After the accident, Bill called the insurance agent.
law (n)
‫قانون‬
You shouldn’t break the law. Obey the law.
light (n)
‫ضوء اإلشارة‬
The traffic light showed red so John stopped.
place (n)
‫مكان‬
The downtown area of the city is a busy place.
pole (n)
‫عَمود إنارة‬
Sue had an accident. Her car hit a light pole.
police/police officer (n)
‫ الشرطة‬/‫شرطي‬
If you drive too fast, the police will stop you.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
47
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
15
16
18
19
20
rider (n)
Vocabulary
‫قائد دراجة نارية‬
The bike hit a dog. The rider didn’t see it.
seat belt (n)
‫حزام األمان‬
The driver wore his seat belt to be safe.
ticket (n)
= a person who rides
a bike
= this protects you in
a car
‫مخالفة‬
Ed parked in the wrong place so he got a ticket.
traffic (n)
‫مرور‬
= cars and trucks on
the road
There was a lot of traffic on the road.
traffic jam (n)
‫ازدحام مروري شديد‬
Joe was late to work because of a traffic jam.
= when traffic can’t
move
Verbs
bother (v)
21
22
23
23
25
26
27
28
29
‫يزعج‬
= annoy
= I don’t mind this
music.
Smoking bothers me. I don’t like it.
This music doesn’t bother me.
break (past = broke) (v)
‫ يكسر‬/ ‫كسر‬
I fell over and broke my ankle.
buckle up (v)
‫يربط حزام االمان‬
Jeff buckled up so he wasn’t hurt in the accident.
cause (v)
= wear your seat belt.
‫يتسبب‬
He stopped at a green light and caused an accident.
cross (v)
‫يقطع الشارع‬
Before you cross the road, look left and right.
face (v)
‫يواجه‬
‘Don’t look at the door. Face the board!’
fasten (v)
‫يربط حزام االمان‬
Tom fastened his seatbelt and started the car.
happen (v)
‫ يحدث‬/‫يحصل‬
The accident happened next to the supermarket.
keep on (past = kept on) (v)
‫ استمر‬/ ‫استمر‬
If the road is clear, you can keep on driving.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
48
= not stop, continue
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
30
31
obey (v)
‫يطيع‬
You must obey the police. Obey the law.
ride (past = rode) (v)
= follow
≠ disobey
‫ يقود دراجة‬/ ‫قاد الدراجة‬
Jim doesn’t have a car so he rides a bike to work.
run (past = ran) (v)
32
Vocabulary
‫يجري‬
Jerry was late so he ran to school.
run a red light (v)
‫قطع االشارة الحمراء‬
The man ran a red light. Another car hit him.
Adjectives & adverbs
33
34
35
careful (adj)
‫ حذر‬/ ‫منتبه‬
Fred is a careful driver. He doesn’t drive fast.
careless (adj)
‫ غير مهتم‬/‫غير مبالي‬
A careless driver is a bad driver.
dark (adj)
‫ظلمة‬
‘Is the color of your car light red?’ ‘No, dark red.’
≠ careless
≠ careful
≠ light (color)
36
left (adj)
‫يسار‬
There was a dent on the left side of my car.
≠ right
37
light (adj)
‫نور‬
When the light is green you can go.
≠ dark (color)
38
right (adj)
‫يمين‬
The other car hit my car on the right side.
≠ left
39
heavy traffic
‫ازدحام مروري‬
= many cars and trucks on
There is heavy traffic at 3 o’clock in the afternoon. the road
Other words and phrases
40
41
across (p)
‫الجهة المقابلة‬
The light was green so Tim went across the road.
at fault
‫بالخطاء‬
I was at fault for the accident. I didn’t look.
behind (p)
42
‫خلف‬
The children sat in the back of the car, behind
their parents.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
I was at fault. = It was my
fault.
49
≠ in front of
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
Vocabulary
come to a stop / made a stop (p) ‫يتوقف‬
43
43
44
45
The road was very busy and there was a traffic
jam. Cars came to a stop.
= to stop
in back of (p)
= behind
≠ in front of
‫بالخلف‬
I left my wallet on the seat in back of the car.
in front of (p)
‫أمام‬
The policeman in front of my car told me to stop.
similar to
‫مشابه‬
The weather in Texas is similar to the weather in
Saudi Arabia. It’s not very different.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
50
≠ behind, in back of
≠ different from
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
Lesson 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Vocabulary
Nouns
advice (n)
= similar meaning
‫نصيحة‬
I have a problem. Can you give me some advice?
feelings (n)
≠ opposites
= suggestion
‫احاسيس‬
I don’t want to hurt her feelings.
friendship (n)
‫صداقة‬
I enjoy his friendship because he is a nice person.
garage (n)
‫كراج سيارة‬
My car had a problem so I took it to a garage.
lie (n)
‫كذبة‬
John told a lie. He said something that wasn’t true.
opinion (n)
= say something untrue
≠ tell the truth
‫رأي‬
In my opinion, you should start exercising.
party (n)
‫حفلة‬
I had a party because it was my birthday.
roommate (n)
‫شريك السكن في الغرفة‬
Sam is my roommate. We share a room in college.
secret (n)
‫سر‬
It’s a secret that Tom’s dad is German. Nobody knows.
story (n)
‫قصة‬
Mr Brown reads stories to his children every night.
tool (n)
‫أداة‬
Examples: hammer,
screwdriver, nail
A mechanic needs tools to fix cars..
truth (n)
‫حقيقة‬
A good person always tells the truth.
≠ tell a lie
Verbs
13
14
borrow (v)
‫يستعير‬
Len didn’t have any money so he borrowed some.
care about (v)
≠ lend
‫يهتم‬
John helps his friends because he cares about them.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
(1) care for (v)
15
Vocabulary
‫يهتم‬
Mrs Smith cares for her children and husband.
= look after
(2) not care for (v)
= doesn’t like
‫غير مهتم‬
Sue doesn’t care for classical music – she likes hip hop.
16
17
18
19
20
21
could (v)
‫يستطيع‬
‘I’m bored’. ‘You could go for a walk.’
enjoy (v)
‫يستمتع‬
I enjoy going to restaurants with my friends.
fix (v)
‫يصلح‬
I had a problem with my car but the mechanic fixed it.
could + Verb 1
= like
enjoy + V-ing
= repair
go out (past = went out) (v) ‫ يخرج‬/ ‫خرج‬
My friends and I go out to movies a lot.
guess (v)
‫يخمن‬
‘Where’s Tim?’ ‘He isn’t here. I guess he’s sick.’
hurt (past = hurt) (v)
‫يجرح‬
I dropped a heavy book on my foot and hurt it.
hurt (someone’s) feelings (v) ‫… يجرح احساس‬
22
23
24
25
26
27
Don’t tell John that you don’t like his new car. You’ll
hurt his feelings.
lend (past = lent) (v)
‫ يعير‬/ ‫اعار‬
‘Can you lend me some money? I don’t have any.’
lie (v)
‫يكذب‬
Mark said he was sick. He lied. He was at the mall.
park (v)
≠ borrow
≠ tell the truth
‫يوقف السيارة‬
Nick parks his car outside his house, on the street.
repair (v)
‫يصلح‬
In a garage, mechanics can repair your car.
should (v)
‫يجب‬
You look tired. You should sleep more.
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= fix
should + Verb 1
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
28
tell
(someone)
Vocabulary
a lie
a secret
the truth
the time
a story
‫يكذب‬
‫سر‬
‫يقول الحقيقة‬
‫يقول الوقت‬
‫يحكي قصة‬
Other words
a little white lie
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
‫كذبة بيضة‬
I told my boss I was sick but it was a little white lie.
I was at home watching movies.
anyone
= not a serious lie
‫اي احد‬
Sally was at home yesterday. She didn’t talk to anyone.
badly (adv)
‫بشكل سيئ‬
I didn’t study so I did badly in the test.
carefully (adv)
‫بحذر‬
The students reviewed the test carefully.
carelessly (adv)
‫ دون مباالة‬/‫بال اهتمام‬
If you drive carelessly you will have an accident.
correctly (adv)
‫بشكل صحيح‬
I completed the test correctly so I graduated.
easily (adv)
‫بسهولة‬
The test was not difficult. The students passed easily.
excited (adj)
≠ well
≠ carelessly
≠ carefully
≠ incorrectly
≠ with difficulty
‫متحمس‬
James is excited . He’s going on holiday with his family.
fast (adj/adv)
‫بسرعة‬
If you drive fast you will get a speeding ticket.
how (manner)
≠ slow, slowly
‫كيف‬
‘How does Jim spend his money?’ ‘Very carefully.’
in my opinion
‫في رأيي‬
In my opinion you should buy a blue car not a red one.
maybe
‫ ممكن‬/‫ربما‬
Eric is absent. Maybe he’s sick today.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
53
≠ certainly, for sure
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
41
42
43
safely (adv)
Vocabulary
‫بشكل آمن‬
William never has accidents because he drives safely.
slowly (adv)
‫ببطء‬
≠ fast, quickly
Please drive slowly near the school.
someone
≠ dangerously
‫شخص ما‬
Someone is outside my house. Do you know him?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
Lesson 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Vocabulary
Nouns
alarm clock (n)
= similar meaning
‫ساعة منبه‬
An alarm clock wakes you up in the morning.
baggage (n)
‫شنطة‬
I had a lot of baggage to take to the airport.
bath (n)
‫استحمام‬
If you are dirty, take a bath or have a shower.
bathtub (n)
≠ opposites
a device for waking
you up
= luggage, cases
take + a bath
‫حوض استحمام‬
The bathtub was full of hot water.
bill (n)
‫فاتورة‬
John paid the bill after eating in the restaurant.
blanket (n)
‫لحاف‬
Des put a blanket on his bed because it was cold.
closet (n)
‫خزانة مالبس‬
You can hang your clothes in the closet.
end (n)
‫نهاية‬
At the end of the month I didn’t have any money.
gas/gasoline (n)
‫ بنزين‬/ ‫وقود‬
Dan is driving to Boston. He has a full tank of gasoline.
gas station (n)
keeps you warm in
bed
= cupboard
≠ beginning, start
Gasoline is a fuel.
‫محطة بنزين‬
Mark stopped at the gas station and filled up his car.
gauge (n)
‫ساعة للقياس‬
The gauge says the tank is empty. Let’s fill up.
hanger (n)
‫خزانة تعليق المالبس ( ا‬
)‫عالقة‬
You can hang your clean shirt on the hanger.
lady (n)
‫سيدة‬
The lady at the front desk gave me the key to the room.
ladies’ room (n)
‫دورة مياه للسيدات‬
The ladies’ room is over there, next to the kitchen.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
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= woman
= woman’s
bathroom / toilet
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
laundry (n)
Vocabulary
‫مغسلة مالبس‬
Bill has to do the laundry because his clothes are dirty.
men’s room (n)
‫دورة مياه للرجال‬
Eric went to the men’s room and washed his face.
motel (n)
‫فندق على الطريق‬
Sgt Smith rented a room at the motel.
pillow (n)
do + the laundry
= men’s bathroom /
toilet
= a cheap hotel with
parking
‫مخدة‬
You can rest your head on a pillow.
restroom (n)
‫دورة مياه‬
= bathroom / toilet
The restroom was nice and clean.
sheet (n)
‫شرشف‬
Mr Williams like to sleep under clean, white sheets.
tank (n)
‫خزان‬
The tank is empty. There’s no gas in it.
Verbs
22
apologize for something (v) ‫اعتذر عن شيء ما‬
apologize to someone (v) ‫اعتذر لـ شخص ما‬
I apologised to my boss for being late.
23
24
25
26
27
28
bathe (v)
‫ اِغتسل‬/‫اِستحم‬
I usually have a shower but at the weekend, I bathe.
fill up (v)
‫تعبئة‬
The waiter filled up our coffee pot in the restaurant. .
= say you are sorry
apologize for + V-ing
apologize to somebody
= take a bath, wash
your body
= put liquid in a
container
forgive (past = forgave) (v) ‫يسامح‬
I know I am very late. Please forgive me.
hang up (past = hung up) (v)
‫يغلق الهاتف‬
After Sally does the laundry, she hangs up the clothes.
hope to (v)
‫يأمل‬
Rick hopes to start a new job next week.
mean to (past = meant to) (v) ‫ يهدف‬/ ‫ يقصد‬/ ‫صد‬
َ َ‫ق‬
Andrew meant to call his friend but he forgot.
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hope + to + Verb 1
= want to, hope to
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
29
30
31
32
33
34
realize (v)
Vocabulary
‫ استوعب‬/ ‫ فهم‬/ ‫انتبه‬
= suddenly know
Tom realized the tank was empty so he stopped the car. something
run out of (past = ran out of) (v) ‫ فرغ‬/ ‫انتهى‬
Bill ran out of money so borrowed some from his dad.
spill (v)
= have nothing left
‫يسكب خطأ‬
‘Sorry! I spilled some coffee on the carpet.’
step on (v)
‫ وطئ‬/‫داس‬
There’s some coffee on the floor. Don’t step on it.
take a bath (v)
‫يستحم‬
Some people take a hot bath before bed every day.
worry (v)
= bathe
‫يقلق‬
‘I’m sorry – I’m late.’ ‘Don’t worry about it. It’s okay.’
Other words
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
almost
‫ تقريبا‬/ ‫على وشك‬
It’s 6:55. It’s almost time for Lesson 1.
empty (adj)
‫ فارغ‬/‫خالي‬
The classroom is empty. No-one is there.
full (adj)
‫ممتلئ‬
The tank was full. 70 liters of gas were in it.
hard (adj)
‫قاسي‬
The chairs in school are hard. They’re not comfortable.
pleased (adj)
‫ سعيد‬/ ‫مبتهج‬
Fred wasn’t pleased that his friends were late.
ready (adj)
= nearly
≠ full
≠ empty
≠ soft
= happy
≠ annoyed
‫جاهز‬
Ben has his baggage at the door. He is ready to leave.
really
‫حقا‬
When he came home from work, he was really hungry.
so
‫جدا‬
= very, extremely
Jack passed his test. He’s so happy!
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
= very, extremely
57
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9
43
44
soft (adj)
46
‫ ناعم‬/‫طري‬
This bed is really comfortable. The pillows are so soft!
sorry
‫آسف‬
‘I’m sorry I’m late.’ ‘Don’t worry. It’s okay.’
worried about (adj)
45
Vocabulary
≠ hard
= I apologize
‫قلق على‬
Mrs Jones is worried about her children. It’s 11
o’clock and they’re not home yet.
Apologies
I apologise for being late.
I’m sorry I’m late.
Please forgive me.
Please excuse me.
‫اعتذر‬
‫اعتذر عن التأخير‬
‫آسف على التأخير‬
‫الرجاء سامحني‬
‫الرجاء اعذرني‬
That’s okay.
That’s alright.
No problem.
Don’t worry about it.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
‫ تستخدم هذه العبارات‬:‫مالحظة‬
‫لالعتذار وهي تحمل نفس المعنى‬
‫ تستخدم هذه العبارات للرد‬:‫مالحظة‬
‫على االعتذار وهي تحمل نفس المعنى‬
58
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
1.
Using present progressive for future
(L1. Pg.14)
Sometimes, the present progressive describes an action happening now.
‫يتم في بعض االحيان استخدام المضارع المستمر لوصف حدث في الوقت الحالي‬
John is busy. He’s studying for a test. (now)
Sometimes, present progressive describes a future plan.
‫و في بعض االحيان يتم استخدام المضارع المستمر لوصف خطط مستقبلية‬
John is taking his test tomorrow. (future plan)
You can also use will and going to to talk about future plans.
‫ للتحدث عن خطط المستقبل‬will ‫ و‬going to ‫كما يمكنك ايضا استخدام‬
Sentences
will arrive
)won’t arrive(
is going to arrive
)isn’t going to arrive(
The General
tomorrow.
is arriving
)isn’t arriving(
Questions
Will
the General
Is
the General
Is
the General
Don’t forget!
I + am
Examples
arrive
going to
tomorrow?
arrive
arriving
He /She/It + is
tomorrow?
tomorrow?
We/They/You + are
Will you come with me to the bank? No, I won’t come with you.
Am I going to pass my test?
Yes, you are going to pass.
Is Sam coming to the cinema tomorrow?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
59
Sam is coming, yes.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
2.
Using because to connect clauses
(L1. Pg.17)
Use because connect two clauses. Use because before the clause
with the reason for something.
.‫ للربط بين جملتين‬because ‫استخدام‬
‫ قبل الجملة التي فيها السبب‬because ‫استخدم‬
Why question
Teacher: Why are you late?
Cadet:
I’m late because I was talking to the Officer.
Main clause
Reason clause
I’m late
because
I was talking to the officer.
Yes / No question
Ahmed: Are you going to the party later?
Fahad:
No, I’m not going because I have to study for my test.
Answer
Reason clause
No, I’m not
because
I have to study for my test..
We can also use because at the start of the sentence (usually when
writing). )‫ في بداية الجملة (تستخدم غالبا في الكتابة‬because ‫يمكنا أيضا استخدام كلمة‬
Because the weather is nice, we will go to the park.
Because
Reason clause
Main clause
the weather is nice,
we will go to the park.
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60
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
3.
Using the past progressive
(L2. Pg.33)
Use the past progressive to talk about an action that started before a time
and continued after.
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر للتحدث عن حدث في الماضي واستمر بعد ذلك‬
At 4pm Tom was studying.
4pm
3pm
Positive
Subject
I / He
She / It
You
We
They
BE
Tom
started
studying.
Tom
stopped
studying.
Negativ
Subject
e I / He
V-ing
was
playing
tennis.
having
were
Questions
5pm
WhWhat
When
Where
Which
Why
She / It
You
We
They
dinner.
BE
Subject
was
(Was)
I / he
she
it
were
(Were)
you/ we
they
Present /
Now
BE
V-ing
was
not
were
playing
having
living
tennis.
dinner.
in Paris.
V-ing
playing
going
living
tennis?
to school?
in Paris?
Use the past simple to talk about something short that happened in the
middle of doing something else (past progressive).
‫يتم استخدام الماضي البسيط في الجملة في الحدث االقصر في منتصف حدث ماضي مستمر أخر‬
Tom was studying when his friend arrived.
Tom was studying.
5pm
3pm
Present / Now
His friend arrived.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2a-VGB
61
Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
4.
Using should to ask for and give advice
(L3. Pg.64)
should is a modal verb. Use should to give or ask for advice and suggestions.
‫ لطلب او إعطاء نصيحة او اقتراح‬Should ‫ استخدم‬.‫ من االفعال الناقصة‬Should ‫يعتبر‬
Should
After modal verbs, use Verb 1
Modal verbs ‫استخدم التصريف االول للفعل بعد‬
Sentence
Yes / no
question
Subject
Modal
I / You / They / We
He / She / It
should
)shouldn’t(
Modal
Subject
Should
I / You / They / We
He / She / It
Verb1 + details
arrive early.
turn left.
Verb1 + details
tell the teacher?
invite your friend?
Tony feels sick. Should he go to work?
No. He should see a doctor.
5.
Using could to give suggestions
(L3. Pg.66)
could is a modal verb. Use could to give or ask for possible suggestions.
‫ لطلب مقترح أو إعطاء مقترح‬Could ‫ يستخدم‬.Modal verbs ‫ من‬Could ‫يعتبر‬
Subject
I / You / They / We
He / She / It
After modal verbs, use Verb 1
‫ استخدم التصريف االول‬Modal verbs ‫بعد‬
‫للفعل‬
Modal
Verb1 + details
exercise more.
could
)couldn’t(
study harder.
I’m bored.
You could go to the cinema.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
6.
Adverbs of manner with -ly
(L3. Pg.69)
Adverbs give us information about a verb.
‫يزودنا الحال بمعلومات عن الفعل‬
Adverb
(How did he study?)
This is the verb.
How you do something
‫كيف تقوم بعمل الشي ء‬
or
 The cadet studied quietly.
How something happens
‫كيف حدث الشي ء‬
 It was raining heavily.
This is the verb.
Adverb
(How did it rain?)
*Note that we usually add –ly to an adjective to make an adverb.
‫ ( للصفة لتحويلها الى حال‬ly) ‫الحظ أننا بالعادة نضيف‬
Examples
You should drive carefully.
The child excitedly ran and jumped up.
The cadet easily passed his test.
‫هادئ‬
‫حريص‬
‫خطير‬
‫متحمس‬
‫مسالم‬
‫سريع‬
‫آ من‬
‫بطيء‬
Adjective
calm
careful
dangerous
excited
peaceful
quick
safe
slow
Drive slowly in the car park.
Adverb
calmly
carefully
dangerously
excitedly
peacefully
quickly
safely
slowly
‫بشكل هادئ‬
‫بحرص‬
‫على نحو خطير‬
‫ بانفعال‬/‫بإثارة‬
‫سلمي‬
‫بشكل سريع‬
‫ بسالمة‬/‫بحذر‬
‫بشكل بطيء‬
The adverbs for fast and good are different.
‫ يتغير‬good ‫ و‬fast ‫الحال في كالً من‬
Arabic
‫سريع‬
‫جيد‬
Adjective
fast
good
Adverb
fast
well
He drove very fast.
verb
Arabic
‫بسرعة‬
‫بشكل جيد‬
He speaks English very well.
verb
adverb
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 9 Grammar
7.
Modal Review
Modals
can
can
may
(L3. Pg.80)
Purpose
Examples
talk about ability
I can swim for a mile.
‫للتحدث عن القدرة‬
ask for and
You can drive to Riyadh in 4 hours.
Can/May I use your phone?
give permission
‫لطلب أو إعطاء إذن‬
Yes, you can use it.
a future plan, or and
will
be going to
may
might
must
have to
must not
8.
100% possibility
We’ll wash the car tonight.
‫تستخدم للخطط المستقبلية‬
‫واحتمالية حدوث الشيء‬
express 50% possibility
‫ من‬%50 ‫للتعبير عن‬
‫االحتمالية‬
say something is
necessary or required
‫للتحدث عن شيء ضروري‬
say something is
forbidden
‫للتحدث عن شيء ممنوع‬
I am going to leave early.
I may go shopping after work.
It might rain at the weekend.
You must be on time for class.
You have to go to work today.
You mustn’t smoke inside.
After modal verbs, use Verb 1
‫ يستخدم التصريف االول للفعل‬Modal verbs ‫بعد‬
Using adjective + that
(L4. Pg.88)
Use adjective + that + noun clause so say why someone is sad / sorry, etc.
‫ إلخ‬... ‫ متأسف‬/‫ سعيد‬/ ‫ مع الجملة اإلسمية للتحدث عن لماذا الشخص حزين‬that + ‫استخدم الصفة‬
I’m
You’re
He’s
Adjective
Noun clause
(subject + verb + …)
happy
pleased
glad
sorry
angry
upset
the weather is nice.
we have a day off.
the shop is open.
you arrived on time.
(that)
Sam is upset that tomorrow is not a day off.
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Book 9 Grammar
9.
That noun clause
Use that + noun clause after these verbs:
(L4. Pg.96)
‫ الجملة االسمية بعد االفعال التالية‬+ that ‫استخدم‬
forget / learn / see / guess /
think / read / hear / hope / know /
realize / remember / understand
Noun clause
The weather’s nice today.
I think
(that)
the weather’s nice today.
that is optional
Examples
I realized (that) he was French.
I hope (that) you are OK.
10. Using apologize + for + Verb-ing
(L4. Pg.98)
After apologize, use for + Verb-ing.
Verb-ing+ for ‫ استخدم‬apologize ‫بعد‬
Subject
apologize
I / You
We / They
He / She / It
apologize
(to someone)
Verb-ing
to you
for
being late.
to the teacher
for not
doing my work.
The student apologised for not doing his homework.
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Book 10
Book 11
Book 12
Book 13
Name: _________________________
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 10
Grammar
Book 10
Vocabulary
Book 11
Grammar
Book 11
Vocabulary
Book 12
Grammar
Book 12
Vocabulary
Book 13
Grammar
Book 13
Additional vocabulary
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DLI American Language Course
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Issue No. 1.0
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Tips on using this booklet
‫ات‬
Use this booklet at home and after to class revise what ‫ هذا‬.‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما تعلمته مع معلمك‬
you learn in class. Use your main coursebook in class.
.‫الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the grammar and words
here, you must practice using them with your
teacher. To get a 60 in the ALCPT, you need to know
how words are used in sentences, and do this very
fast. Memorising a list and translations will not get
you a 60 in the ALCPT.
‫ عليك ان تمارس استخدامهم مع‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫ حتى تحصل على‬.‫معلمك‬
‫ مجرد حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60 ‫ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask for the spelling,
example sentence, similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة الكلمات‬
.‫ عكسها او مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬,‫مرادفاتها‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in the ALCPT, you
need more words than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the Additional Vocabulary
Notes section.
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات‬ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها في قسم‬.‫عن ما هو متوفر في هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes
Key
‫جملة صفة‬
modal verb
‫االفعال الناقصة‬
adverb
‫حال‬
negative
‫نفي‬
clause
‫شبة جملة‬
past participle
‫التصريف الثالث للفعل‬
certainty
‫التأكيد‬
phrasal verb
‫االفعال المركبة‬
command
‫أمر‬
positive
‫إثبات‬
comparative
‫مقارنة‬
possibility
‫اإلحتمالية‬
compound noun
‫اسم مركب‬
purpose
‫الغرض‬
adjective clause
conditional
‫شرط‬
present perfect
‫المضارع التام‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
present perfect
progressive
‫المضارع التام المستمر‬
example
‫مثال‬
preposition
‫حرف الجر‬
express
‫تعبير‬
reported speech
‫الكالم المنقول‬
gerund
‫الجواب‬
requests
‫طلب‬
infinitive
to-infinitive
‫مجرد‬
separable
‫قابلة للفصل‬
‫الضمائر المجهولة‬
superlative
‫المقارنة القصوى‬
indefinite pronouns
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Book 10 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Nouns
1
button/ push button (n)‫ مكبس‬/ ‫زر‬
2
candy bar (n)
‫قطعة حلوى‬
3
chewing gum/gum (n)
4
chip (food) (n)
‫رقائق بطاطس‬
5
coin return (n)
‫ارجاع عملة‬
6
cream (n)
‫كريمة‬
7
detergent (n)
‫مسحوق غسيل‬
8
diet drink (n)
‫مشروب للحمية‬
9
drink (s) (n)
‫مشروب‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Tom pushed the button to turn the computer on.
push + a button
John likes eating a candy bar after lunch.
You can buy‫علكة‬
chewing gum in the vending machine.
Bill opened a bag of potato chips.
Tom got his change in the coin return.
Rob asked for cream for his coffee.
= milk
Frank washed his uniform with detergent.
= soap
Diet drinks have no sugar.
Some vending machines sell drinks like soda.
This is a machine for
drying clothes.
turn + a knob
10
dryer (n)
‫ نشافة‬/ ‫مجفف‬
Tom put his uniform in the dryer after he washed it.
11
‫مقبض‬
George turned the knob on the radio.
12
knob (n)
lever (n)
‫عتلة‬
Ron pulled the lever to stop the machine.
13
machine ((n)
‫آلة‬
Computers and ACs are different kinds of machines.
14
Peanuts and cashews are kinds of nuts.
20
nut (n)
‫مكسرات‬
opening (n)
‫فُتحة‬
selection (n)
‫اختيار‬
soda / soda pop (n) ‫مشروب غازي‬
time (occasion) (n)
‫مرة‬
tray (n) ‫ صحن لوضع المشتريات‬/ ‫صينية‬
vending machine (n) ‫آلة بيع طعام‬
21
washing machine (n) ‫غسالة‬
You wash clothes in a washing machine.
This is a machine for
washing clothes.
Cadets are supposed to salute officers.
= should
be supposed to + V1
15
16
17
18
19
Verbs
be (past = was) supposed to +
22
verb (v)
‫عليه ان‬
23 drop (v)
‫يُسقِط‬
24 dispense (v)
‫ يصر‬/ ‫يعطي‬
find out (past = found out) (v)
25
‫ عرف‬/ ‫اكتشف‬
get back (past = got back) (v) ‫يعود‬
27 insert (v)
‫يُد ِخل‬
28 lift (v)
‫رفع‬
29 operate (v)
‫يشغل‬
30 stick (past = stuck) (v) ‫يعلق‬/‫ينشب‬
31 teach (past = taught) (v)‫ُدرس‬
ِ ‫ ي‬/ ‫يُعلِم‬
32 work (v)
‫ يشتغل‬/ ‫يعمل‬
Adjectives/Adverbs
33 another (adj)
‫آخر‬
34 exact (adj)
‫مضبوط‬
26
pull + a lever
E.g. photocopier,
dishwasher, AC
Put your money into the opening in the machine.
= a small hole
Bob made his selection. He chose coffee with milk.
= choice
Sodas are sugary drinks. Don’t drink a lot of them.
John is sad because he failed the test two times.
= occasion
Frank put paper into the tray in the copy machine.
Tom bought a soda from the vending machine.
Frank dropped his coins on the floor.
That machine dispenses soda and candy bars.
= give out
Mike found out he passed the test. He's very happy.
= discover
Sam left home at 7am. He got back in the evening.
= returned
Will inserted his credit card in the ATM.
= put into
I can’t lift this box. It’s very heavy!
It’s easy to operate a dryer. Just push the button.
= use
I can’t take the key out. It’s sticking in the lock.
Mr Jones taught his daughter to drive.
This machine isn’t working. Can you fix it?
Tim had a car but he bought another one.
= one more
Please make sure you have exact change.
35
exactly (adv)
‫ تماما‬/ ‫بالضبط‬
36
favorite (adj)
finally (adv)
last (adj)
‫مفضل‬
Pizza is my favorite food. I like it very much.
= same
= precisely
≠ approximately
=the one I like the best
‫أخيرا‬
First, insert $1, ../ Then, … / Finally, take your drink.
= lastly
‫االخير‬
My last lesson today is math. Then, I’ll go home.
= final
37
38
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The meal cost exactly $13.68.
2
≠ first
Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Vocabulary
39
lastly (adv)
‫ ختاما‬/ ‫اخيرا‬
Lastly, Ted brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.
= finally
40
popular (adj)
stuck (adj)
‫ محبوب‬/ ‫ذا شعبية‬
Avatar is a very popular movie. Many people like it.
John’s car got stuck in the sand. He can’t get it out.
= well liked
= unable to move
The cadets eat lunch after class.
≠ before
Rob brushed his teeth before shaving.
≠ after
There are hundreds of hotels. They are everywhere.
≠ nowhere
There was no soda, so Ron had some tea.
= out of/none
The store was out of milk so I bought some juice.
= no more left
I couldn’t get any cash - the ATM was out of order.
= not working
41
‫مغرز‬/‫عالق‬
Other words and phrases
42 after
‫بعد‬
43 before
‫قبل‬
44 everywhere
‫كل مكان‬
45 no
‫ال يوجد‬
46 out of
‫ خلص‬/ ‫شيء نفذ‬
47 out of order
‫متعطل‬
48 until
‫حتى‬
49 when
‫ عندما‬/ ‫متى‬
50 while
‫ اثناء‬/ ‫بينما‬
Lesson 2
Nouns
1
adult (n)
‫بالغ‬
2
cafeteria (n)
‫كافتيريا‬
3
clothing store (n) ‫متجر مالبس‬
4
department store (n)‫متجر متعدد االقسام‬
≠ firstly
Please stay in the class until the bell rings.
The students sat down when the teacher arrived.
Bud worked in the garden while his wife cooked.
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Tim is 21 years old. He is an adult.
= grown up
≠ child
Bill has his breakfast in the cafeteria.
Hank went to the clothing store to buy a suit.
Rose bought many things at the department store
5
discount store (n) ‫متجر تخفيضات‬
Prices are low in a discount store.
6
‫مصعد‬
Tom took the elevator to the 92nd floor.
‫درج كهربائي‬
Stan took the escalator to the 3rd floor.
= moving staircase
8
elevator (n)
escalator(n)
floor (n)
= a shop with cheap
things
= lift
‫طابق‬
Phil’s office was on the 13th floor of the building.
9
introduction (n) ‫ عرض‬/ ‫مقدمة‬
We use introductions when we meet new people.
10
‫مركز تسوق‬
There are many shops in the mall.
11
mall (n)
neighbor(n)
=story
e.g. ‘This is …’ , ‘Let
me introduce ’
= shopping center
‫جار‬
Hank lived next to me. He was my neighbor.
12
neighborhood (n) ‫حي‬
7
Sam likes his neighborhood. It’s safe and quiet.
= the area in a city
near your house
= car park
Mike parked his car in the parking lot.
parking lot (n)
‫موقف سيارة‬
14 rule (n)
Students must come on time. That’s the rule.
‫قانون‬
15 shop (n)
Cindy bought bread in a shop next to the bank.
= store
‫محل‬
16 shopping center (n) ‫مركز تسوق‬
Most cities have many shopping centers.
= mall
17 stairs (n)
The escalator isn’t working. Use the stairs.
‫درج‬
18 supermarket (n) ‫ بقالة‬/ ‫متجر‬
Monica bought some food at the supermarket.
= a large grocery
19 supper (n)
John had some soup for supper.
= a late dinner
‫وجبة في الليل‬
20 variety (n)
The store had a large variety of fruit.
= different kinds
‫ تشكيلة‬/ ‫تنوع‬
Verbs
21 decide (v)
George decided to have to fish for supper.
‫يقرر‬.
22 introduce (v)
‘Let me introduce you to my cousin. Fred, this is ...’
‫يعرف‬
23 let (past =let) (v) ‫يسمح‬
Mrs Smith lets her children play in the street.
= allow
24 mind (v)
I don’t mind hot weather but I mind hot food!
= it bothers me
‫يمانع‬
25 receive (v)
I sent you an email last week. Did you receive it?
= get
‫يستقبل‬
26 shook (past= shake) (v) ‫يصافح‬
People in America shake hands when they meet.
27 shop (v)
Many people shop on the weekends.
= go shopping
‫يتسوق‬
28 write down (past=wrote down) (v)
‫ كتب‬/ ‫دون‬
Call me later. Write down my phone number.
13
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Book 10 Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
29 afraid of
‫خائف من‬
30 alone
‫وحيد‬
31 down
‫اسفل‬
32 downstairs
‫الطابق السفلي‬
33 everybody / everyone
34 go shopping
‫الذهاب للتسوق‬
35 polite (adj)
‫مؤدب‬
36 politely (adv)
‫بشكل مؤدب‬
37 up
‫اعلى‬
38 upstairs
‫الطابق العلوي‬
39 It’s a pleasure to meet you.
40 It’s nice/good to meet you.
Lesson 3
Nouns
1
air (n)
2
cover (n)
The little boy is afraid of the dark.
= scared of
Bob went to Boston alone. No-one went with him.
= by himself
It’s easier to walk down a hill than up a hill.
≠ up
Josh went downstairs to the basement.
≠ upstairs
My family
went
‫الجميع‬
/ ‫شخص‬
‫ كل‬to the beach. Everybody swam.
≠ no-one/no body
Mrs. Jones likes to go shopping.
= shop
Floyd is always polite when he talks to his boss.
= respectful
Always speak politely to your teacher.
≠ rudely
Look up - there’s a big plane in the sky.
≠ down
Tess went upstairs to her bedroom.
≠ downstairs
≠ rude
‫سررت للقائك‬
‫سررت للقائك‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫هواء‬
Jim put some air in his tires.
‫غطاء‬
A cover goes over something, for example a spare tire.
A hubcap covers a
wheel.
A key is for locking a
door.
3
hubcab (n)
‫غطاء اطار السيارة‬
Judy removed the hubcab from the wheel.
4
key (n)
‫مفتاح‬
John used a key to open his front door.
5
‫صامولة الكفر‬
Henry loosened the lug nuts to change the tire.
‫صامولة‬
Bill tightened the nuts on the wheel. He used a wrench.
7
lug (nut) (n)
nut (n)
tire (n)
‫اطار السيارة‬
Tires are black. We put them on wheels.
= tyre
8
trunk (n)
‫شنطة السيارة‬
Ron put his groceries in the trunk of the car.
We put luggage and the
spare wheel in the trunk.
6
wheel (n)
‫عجله‬.
10 wrench (n)
‫مفتاح العجل‬
Verbs
11 can (v)
‫يقدر‬
12 could (v)
‫قدر‬
13 cover (v)
‫يغطي‬
14 hand out (v)
‫ يمرر‬/ ‫يسلم‬
15 hurry / hurry up (v)
16 inflate (v)
‫ينفخ بالهواء‬
17 jack up (v)
)‫يرفع ( بالرافعة‬
18 keep (past = kept) (v)
19 loosen (v)
‫ يحرر‬/ ‫يفكك‬
20 lower (v)
‫يُ ْن ِزل‬
21 mind (v)
‫يمانع‬
22 pass out (v)
‫ يوزع‬/ ‫يمرر‬
23 raise (v)
‫يرفع‬
9
A motorcycle has one wheel but a car has four.
Dave used the wrench to loosen the nuts.
= spanner
Can I use your car tomorrow please?
Could you please help me?
Mrs Smith covered her children with a blanket.
It was hot so Sgt Smith handed out bottles of water.
= distribute, give out
Hurry up Harry,
‫ يسرع‬we’re going to the BX.
The tire was flat so Tom inflated it.
= put air in
Sam jacked up the car. Then, he changed the tire.
Bob keeps all
his old tires. / My coat keeps me warm.
‫يحتفظ‬
Tom loosened the nut. Then, he took it off.
≠ tighten
After you put the new tire on, lower the car.
≠ raise
I don’t mind working at the weekend.
= It bothers me.
The teacher passed out the quiz to the students.
= give out, distribute
Sgt Jones used the jack to raise the car off the ground.
= lift up
≠ lower
24
remove (v)
‫ي ُْخ ِرج‬
Bill removed some money from his wallet.
= took off/ took out
25
replace (v)
tighten (v)
will (v)
would (v)
‫يستبدل‬
Suzie lost her friend’s book so she replaced it.
= change
‫ يربط‬/ ‫يشد‬
Lee put the new wheel on and tightened the nuts.
≠ loosen
‫سوف‬
'Will you lend me five dollars, please?' 'Of course.'
'Would you help change my tire?' 'Sure.'
26
27
28
‫هل لك ان‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
29 certainly
‫بالتأكيد‬
30 common (adj)
‫شائع‬
31 enough (adj)
‫كافي‬
32 extra (adj)
‫زيادة‬
33 flat (adj)
‫فارغ من الهواء‬
34 in a hurry (adj)
‫بسرعة‬
35 loose (adj)
‫ غير مشدود‬/‫محلول‬
36 of course
‫بالتأكيد‬
37 quick (adj)
‫بشكل سريع‬
39 quickly (adv)
‫بسرعة‬
40 spare (adj)
‫ احتياط‬/ ‫اضافي‬
41 the back (of)
‫خلفية الـ‬
42 the front (of)
‫مقدمة الـ‬
43 tight (adj)
‫مشدود‬
‘Can you give me a ride to work?’ ‘Certainly.’
= of course, sure
A hammer is a common tool. Many people have one.
≠ uncommon
Did you have enough time to finish your quiz?
= sufficient ≠insufficient
I was hungry so I ate an extra hamburger.
= more, another
My tire is flat - I need to inflate it.
= deflated ≠ inflated
John was in a hurry because he was late for work.
= hurry
John’s pants are loose. He needs a smaller size.
≠ tight
‘Can I turn off the AC please?’ ‘Of course! No problem.’
= certainly, sure
Bill’s journey home was quick – it only took 30 minutes.
= fast
≠ slow
Tom was late for work so he walked quickly.
= fast
≠ slowly
John lost his glasses so used his spare ones.
= extra
The trunk is at the back of my car.
≠ front
The front of Tom’s car hit a wall. The lights are broken.
≠ back
My uniform is tight – I need a bigger one.
≠ loose
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 4
Nouns
1
Sam read an interesting article in today's newspaper.
article (n)
‫مقال‬
2
My mother's sister is my aunt.
aunt (n)
‫ عمه‬/ ‫خاله‬
3
My brother’s wife had a baby girl. Her name is Kate.
baby (n)
‫طفل‬
4
Mr Hill is the boss. He gives instructions to the workers. = manager
boss (n)
‫رئيس‬
5
Tom's father has a small business - a computer shop.
business (n)
‫أعمال‬
6
businessman / businesswoman (n) ‫رجل أعمال‬/ ‫ امرأة اعمال‬Most businessmen wear a suit to work.
7
A cashier takes your money is a supermarket.
cashier (n)
‫ كاشير‬/ ‫محاسب‬
8
Mike has a large collection of stamps.
collection (n)
‫مجموعة‬
9
My uncle works for a large company which makes cars. = business
company (n)
‫شركة‬
10 cousin (n)
My uncle has three children. They are my cousins.
‫ابن عم او خال‬
11 dentist (n)
My tooth hurts. I need to go to a dentist.
‫دكتور اسنا‬
12 driver (n)
Sara doesn't drive. So a driver takes her to work.
‫سائق‬
13 folks (n)
= parents
My folks live in Texas. I visit them every month.
‫الوالدين‬
14 grandfather (n)
My grandfather’s name is Dick.
‫جد‬
15 grandmother (n) ‫جده‬
My grandmother is 89 years old.
16
grandparent (n)
‫الجدان‬
My grandparents live in a big house near our house.
17
‫مجلة‬
George likes reading football magazines.
‫زواج‬
John and Sue had their marriage in the summer.
‫ابن االخ او االخت‬
My brother has a son called Sam. He is my nephew.
‫اخبار‬
Did you heard the news? Real Madrid won the game!
‫جريدة‬
My father likes reading the newspaper in the morning.
‫ابنة االخ او االخت‬
My brother has a daughter. She's my niece.
23
magazine (n)
marriage (n)
nephew (n)
news (n)
newspaper (n)
niece (n)
occupation (n)
‫وظيفة‬
'What's his occupation?' 'He's a dentist.'
24
parent (n)
‫والدان‬
Bob’s parents are nice. His father is very kind.
25
relative (n)
‫اقارب‬
Bob borrows money from relatives – but not friends.
18
19
20
21
22
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= grandfather and
grandmother
= wedding
= job
=mother and father,
folks
Examples: mother,
sister, uncle, cousin
Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Vocabulary
salesman / saleswoman / sales
person (n) ‫بائع بائعة بائع‬
27 secretary (n)
‫سكرتير‬
28 uncle (n)
‫ خال‬/ ‫عم‬
29 work (n)
‫عمل‬
30 writer (n)
‫كاتب‬
Verbs
be able to (past = was able to )
31
26
The salesman tried to sell Tom a new car.
Mrs Brown is a secretary for a boss in a big company.
My mom’s brother is my uncle Mike.
My uncle is a dentist. He loves his work.
Stephen is a writer. He writes articles and books.
(v)
‫كان قادراً على‬
I was able to run 10 miles when I was young.
‫يجمع‬
Dan collects old mobile phones. He has 250!
‫يتزوج‬
Sam loved Sarah. He married her last year.
34
collect (v)
marry (v)
own (v)
‫يملك‬
My dad owns two cars. He bought them 10 years ago.
35
take (past =took) (v)
32
33
type (v)
)‫يكتب ( على لوحة مفاتيح‬
37 work on (v)
‫يعمل على‬
Other words and phrases
36
1. ‫ يأخذ‬Taxi drivers take people from place to place.
2. ‫'يستغرق‬How long did the journey take?' 'It took 4hours’
Secretaries type letters and reports.
My dad likes to work on his car at the weekend.
38
about (prep)
‫ عن‬/ ‫بخصوص‬
The distance from Houston to Dallas is about 250 miles.
39
famous (adj)
‫مشهور‬
Messi is a famous footballer. Everyone knows him.
40
far (adj)
‫بعيد‬
France is far from the USA but Canada is near.
41
42
from (place/position)
get married
‫يتزوج‬
43
how
44
it
45
married (adj)
pleasant (adj)
single (adj)
46
47
‫كيف‬
‫لإلشارة الى شيء غير محدد‬
(1) = bring
(2) = It lasted 4 hours.
= approximately
≠ exactly, precisely
= well-known
= a long way
≠ near, close
Today I walked from the school to the bank.
‫من‬
Peter got married after he finished college.
'How's the weather in Paris?' 'Nice and sunny.'
'How's the family?' 'They're all fine, thanks.'
≠ get divorced
'How far is it to Abha?' 'It takes 1 hour to get there.'
‫متزوج‬
Sally is married but her sister is still single.
≠ single
‫ معتدل‬/ ‫رائع‬
The weather was pleasant - not too hot and not too cold.
= nice ≠ unpleasant
‫اعزب‬
He wasn’t married. He was single.
≠ married
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Grammar
1.
How + to-infinitive (Verb 1)
(L1 pg.12)
[ to-infinitive = to + Verb 1 (to march, to learn, to drive) ]
.)‫ هنا ليس للسؤال لذلك ال يوجد عالمة استفهام‬How ‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتوضح للطرف االخر كيف يقوم بفعل معين ( الحظ استخدام‬
Today, I want to teach
you how to march.
Yesterday, he showed us
how to salute.
Examples
knows
Sue
2.
showed
me
taught
Kevin
how
to make a cake.
BE supposed + to-infinitive
(L1 pg.18)
Be supposed to means the same as must, have to, or should.
Be not supposed to means the same as must not, may not, or should not.

Remember: ‘be’ = am/is/are in the present
‘be’ = was/were in the past
Examples



3.
You’re supposed to help your mother today.
He’s not supposed to smoke in here.
They weren’t supposed to park there.
Clauses of time (before/after/when/while/until)

(L1 pg.24)
Use these words at the start of a sentence or between clauses. When you use them at the start of a
sentence, always use a comma between clauses.
.‫ دائما ضع فاصلة بين العبارتين‬,‫ عندما ت ستخدمها في بداية الجملة‬.‫استخدم هذه الكلمات في بداية الجملة او بين عبارتين‬
Examples

Tina went to the shop before she met her friend.

After my father finished his dinner , he fell asleep.
clause 1
clause 2
comma

Tom washed his hair while Alison brushed her teeth.

Until he does his homework, he’s not going out.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Grammar
4.
Adjective + to-infinitive

(L2 pg. 39)
After the adjectives sorry, upset, happy, pleased, glad, ready, and afraid, use to-infinitive (to-Verb1).
is
Tim
afraid
to walk
home alone.
pleased
to see
him.
glad
to be
here?
isn’t
was
Karen
wasn’t
Are
you
Examples

I am sorry to hear that.
adjective



5.
infinitive
He was upset to see his family leave.
We are happy to help you.
Ted wasn’t ready to go home.
Verb + gerund (Verb-ing)

(L2 pg. 48)
After the verbs begin, enjoy, like, mind, start, finish, and stop, use a gerund (Verb-ing).
.ing ‫بعد هذه االفعال ضع فعال اخر مضافا له‬
enjoys
Paul
walking in the park.
doesn’t enjoy
started
Mary
writing her book.
didn’t start
Does Steve
6.
mind
taking me to work?
Prepositions of location
(L2 pg.54)
‫امام‬
‫بجانب‬
The car park is across from the barracks.
The telephone is by the window.
‫تحت‬
His shoes are under the bed.
(One thing is under another thing)
‫اسفل من‬
Other examples
‫خلف‬

The stairs are in back of the building.
‫امام‬

The escalator is in front of the shoe store.
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They live on the floor below us.
(One thing is in a lower position than another.)r
thing)
Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Grammar
7.
Would and could for polite requests ‫للطلب بشكل مهذب‬
(L3 pg.70)
Would you…? and Could I / you …? are more polite than will and can.
can ‫ و‬will ‫ تعتبر اكثر لباقة من‬Could I / you …? ‫ و‬Would you…?
Excuse me, would
you help me,
please?
Certainly. I’d
be glad to.
Examples
Requests
Answers
Can I borrow your pen?
Sure, you can. Here it is.
No, you can’t. I need it.
Will you open the door please?
Of course, I will.
Sorry, I can’t. My hands are full.
Could you drive me to the bank?
Certainly. I’d be glad to.
Sorry, I can’t today. I’m busy.
Would you help me with these bags?
Yes, I’ll be happy to help you.
I’d like to but I can’t right now.
8. Reported speech (using said and asked)
(L3. pg.78)
We use reported speech to describe what someone else commands or requests.
A. Positive commands
‫االوامر التأكيدية‬
‫نستخدم صيغة الكالم المنقول للتعبير عن طلبات او اوامر شخص اخر‬
Officer: Remember cadets - study hard.
Cadet 1: What did he say?
Cadet 2: He said to study hard.
He said
Study
hard.
to study
hard.
add ‘say’ in the past
change verb to to-infinitive
B. Negative commands. ‫النهي‬
Officer: Don’t walk on the grass.
Cadet 1: What did he say?
Cadet 2: He said not to walk on the grass.
He said
Don’t walk
on the grass.
not to walk
on the grass.
add ‘say’ in the past
change don’t to not to
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Grammar
C. Requests
‫الطلب‬
Officer: Will you stop talking, please?
Cadet 1: What did he ask you?
Cadet 2: He asked me to stop talking.
Could
you
stop
talking,
He asked
me
to stop
talking.
add ‘ask’ in the past
changes to to-infinitive
change pronoun you
9.
please?
me
Present simple tense to talk about the future
(L3 pg.84)
Use the present simple tense and future time phrases to talk about a future action, which is planned or scheduled.
.‫استخدم زمن المضارع البسيط مع عبارات تشير للمستقبل للتعبير عن احداث مستقبلية مخطط لها او مجدوله سلفا‬
Present simple to talk about the future
finishes
The class
will finish
is going to finish
at 10.55.
is finishing
These all mean the same – future plans and schedules
‫جميع ما ذكر يعني نفس الشي – خطط مستقبلية و مجدولة‬
Examples
10.

The bus will arrive at 10.00am
 The bus arrives at 10.00am.

The General is having dinner at 7pm tonight
 The General has dinner at 7pm tonight.
It as the subject of a sentence
(L4 pg.97)
It can be used as the subject of a sentence about time, weather, temperature, and distance.
.‫ درجة الحرارة او المسافة‬,‫الجو‬, ‫ قد تستخدم كفاعل في الجملة بديال عن الوقت‬It
Examples






What time is it?  It’s 10.30.
What day is it?  It’s Monday.
What’s the date today?  It’s April 23rd.
What’s the weather like today?  It’s hot and sunny.
How far is Dammam to Riyadh?  It’s about 500kms.
How long does it take to drive to Jeddah?  It takes 12 hours by car.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 10 Grammar
11.
BE able to
(L4 pg.106)
Be able to means can, but it’s more formal.
‫ و لكنها اكثر رسمية‬,can ‫ تعني‬be able to
Past
Present
Future
He was able to lift 50kgs.
He wasn’t able to lift 60kgs.
The boys are able to swim in the river.
The boys aren’t able to ride a horse.
I will be able to pass the test next month.
I won’t be able to visit my uncle next week.
Examples



I can do 50 sit-ups.
Babies can’t talk.
Can you hear us?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
I’m able to do 50 sit-ups.
Babies aren’t able to talk.
Are you able to hear us?
11
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Nouns
1
ache (n)
‫ آلم‬/ ‫وجع‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
William has an ache in his arm.
= pain
= a time to visit
someone
2
appointment (n) ‫موعد‬
3
18
Joe put his heavy pack on his back and left the room.
back (n)
‫ظهـر‬
Steven stopped playing tennis because of backache.
backache (n)
‫آلم بالظهر‬
Sara saw her doctor for a checkup two weeks later.
checkup (n)
‫فحص طبي‬
Ben had a bad cough so Dr Smith checked his chest.
chest (n)
‫صدر‬
Ali is sick. He has a cold.
cold (n)
‫نزلة برد‬
When you have a bad cough, you should stay in bed.
cough (n)
‫ كحة‬/ ‫سعال‬
There is a dot above an “i” and a “j”.
dot (n)
‫نقطة‬
My earache is very painful! I can't hear anything.
earache (n)
‫التهاب في األذن‬
I need to see a doctor right away – it’s an emergency.
emergency (n)
‫حالة طارئة‬
examination / exam (n) ‫ فحص‬Cadets need a medical exam before they join RSAF.
fever (n) ‫ارتفاع حرارة الجسم‬/ ‫ حمى‬He has a fever so he did not go to school today.
Bill can't study or read because he has a headache.
headache (n)
‫صداع‬
The table is 35 inches high.
inch / inches (n) ‫بوصة‬
Please cut the cake from the middle.
middle (n)
‫منتصف‬
My friend is a nurse at the City Hospital.
nurse (n)
‫ممرضة‬
Pam fell down yesterday and has a pain in her leg.
pain (n)
‫آلم‬
19
patient(n)
‫مريض‬
Rachael is a new patient of Doctor Welby.
20
physical (n)
‫فحص بدني‬
The doctor does physicals on Tuesday and Thursday.
21
‫مشكلة‬
Jack asked his friend to help him with his problem.
22
problem (n)
sneezing (n)
‫عطسة‬
Lots of sneezing can make other people sick.
23
stomach (n)
‫معدة‬
After eating the chicken, Hamza’s stomach was full.
Your food goes into
your stomach.
24
stomach ache(n) ‫ ألم في‬/‫مغص‬
Paula ate five bananas and then got stomach ache.
= pain in the stomach
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
25
26
‫المعدة‬
symptom (n)
‫اعراض المرض‬
temperature (n) ‫ارتفاع درجة‬
‫الحرارة‬
Verbs
27 ache (v)
‫ يؤلم‬/ ‫يوجع‬
Tom made an appointment to see a doctor.
make it (past = made it (v)‫ تمكن من‬/ ‫ فعلها‬We weren’t late – we made it to class on time.
34
He runs in the park every morning, before work.
run (past = ran) (v) ‫يركض‬
run a temperature (past = ran) (v) ‫ سخونة‬Please call Dr Jones – Fred is running a
37
temperature.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
1 inch = 2.54cm.
= center
Nurses help doctors.
= ache
= a sick person visiting a
doctor or hospital
= when a doctor checks
your body
= something is wrong
1. He caught a cold. Now he is sick. ‫يُصاب‬
2. He caught the ball in one hand. ‫يلتقط‬
opened.
see (past = saw) (v) ‫يرى‬
sneeze (v)
‫يعطس‬
= a pain in your head
= hurt
33
36
= high body temperature
The cadets’ legs ached after the 10km run.
come in (past = came in (v) ‫يحضر الى‬
The general came in to our classroom today.
Your neck connects your head with your body.
connect (v)
‫يوصل‬
Tom coughs a lot because he smokes.
cough (v)
‫كحة‬
get there (past = got there) (v) ‫ يصل الى هناك‬We got there at noon, before the cafeteria
35
= test
= how hot your body is
29
32
= pain in the ear
Her daughter has a very high temperature today.
catch (past = caught) (v)
31
= a visit to a doctor
John is sick. His symptoms are a fever and sneezing.
28
30
= pain in your back
= enter, arrive
= join, put together
= arrive
= arrive on time
≠ be late
= go very quickly
= to have a high body
temperature
The classroom is dark. I can't see the board.
Cover your nose when you sneeze.
12
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Vocabulary
Adjectives
annual (adj)
38
39
40
41
‫سنوي‬
Brandon’s annual vacation is in August.
horizontal (adj)
‫افقي‬
parallel (adj)
‫ متماثل‬/ ‫موازي‬
Serena's notebook has many horizontal lines.
perpendicular (adj)
The paper had two parallel lines.
‫متعامدان‬
42
regular (adj)
‫ منتظم‬/ ‫معتاد‬
43
runny (adj)
‫يسيل‬
vertical (adj)
‫عامودي‬
44
= once every year
= going straight up at a
90 degree angle
Bo’s regular cafeteria was closed so he ate at home. = usual, normal
Zak has a runny nose and a fever. He has a bad
= water coming from
cold.
nose
Joe added a perpendicular line.
Melanie drew a vertical line in her notebook
.
= going straight up
Other words and phrases
= from sometime in the
past, until now
= any more
(this time is finished)
= any longer
(this time is finished)
45
still
‫ال يزال‬
Marian isn't at home. She's still at school.
46
any longer
‫بعد االن‬
He isn’t living with his parents any longer
47
anymore
‫بعد االن‬
I am not working in Dallas anymore.
48
How about…?
‫ماذا عن‬
How about going for a coffee on Thursday evening?
= Do you want to…? / Let's
... / What about ...?
49
‫في‬
'Hello. Is Dave in?' 'Sorry, he's not. He's still at work.'
≠ out
50
in
out
‫بالخارج‬
General Jackson is out visiting a different base today.
≠ in
51
since
‫منذ‬
He has been an air force cadet since October.
= from a time in the past
to now
52
sometime
then
‫بعض االحيان‬
Maybe I will travel to Italy sometime.
‫ثم‬
Your appointment is at 3pm – we will see you then.
53
Lesson 2
Nouns
1
caution (n)
‫حذر‬
= at that time
= similar meaning
Use caution when you drive at night.
= care
≠ opposites
2
crossing (n)
‫ تقاطع‬/ ‫معبر‬
Children should always use a pedestrian crossing.
= where pedestrians
cross the street
3
instructor (n)
intersection (n)
‫ معلم‬/ ‫مدرب‬
My instructor taught me how to drive carefully.
= teacher
At the intersection, look in all directions.
= where two roads cross
‫مسار‬
Always drive in the correct lane.
6
lane (n)
mind (n)
‫ ذهنك‬/ ‫تركيزك‬
Concentrate – keep your mind on your driving!
7
pedestrian (n)
‫مشاة‬
Pedestrians should always use the sidewalk.
8
railroad crossing (n)
9
right-of-way (n)
‫ حق العبور‬/ ‫حق المرور‬
10
sidewalk (n)
‫رصيف مشاة‬
Walk on the sidewalk, not the road.
11
sign (n)
‫لوحة مرورية‬
That sign means stop. That sign means turn left.
12
signal (n)
‫اشارة‬
John used a signal to tell his friends to stop.
13
speed (n)
‫سرعة‬
Be careful of your speed in the city.
= how fast something is
13
Issue No. 1.0
4
5
‫تقاطع طرق‬
‫تقاطع سكة حديد‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
Wait at the railroad crossing until the train left.
If you have right-of-way, don’t stop.
= a person walking in
the street
= where a road crosses
a railroad
= we can go; other
drivers must wait
= gives information or
directions
Examples: hand signals,
light signals
Book 11 Vocabulary
The speed limit in towns is lower than highways.
14
speed limit (n)
15
To change direction, turn the steering wheel.
16
steering wheel (n) ‫عجلة القيادة‬
stop sign (n)
‫عالمة قف‬
17
turn (n)
For the cinema, take the next turn on the right.
‫السرعة المحددة‬
‫لفه‬
way (n)
‫طريق‬
Verbs
19 become (past = became) (v)
18
moving
= the fastest you may
drive
We waited at the stop sign and then turned right.
Look both ways at the crossing before you cross.
Examples: a left turn, a
right turn
= directions
Tracy wants
‫يصبح‬to become a teacher.
= be in the future
20
confuse (v)
‫ يربك‬/ ‫يحير‬
Too much traffic confuses me when I drive.
21
fail (to) (v)
‫يفشل‬
I failed to call my sister – I completely forgot!
22
The angry driver flashed his lights at me.
I followed him because I didn’t know the way.
= go after
Harry got three speeding tickets in one week!
= receive
25
flash (v) ‫ وميض‬/ ‫نور مفاجئ‬
follow (v)
‫يتبع‬
get (past = got) (v) ‫يحصل‬
mean (v)
‫يعني‬
= not understand what
to do
= not do something that
you should
= to shine light quickly
26
pass (v)
‫يتجاوز‬
I passed many trucks on the way to New Jersey.
27
pull over (v)
‫يوقف جانبا‬
The police told me to pull over to check my ID.
28
signal (v)
‫يؤشر‬
In some countries, drivers never signal.
29
30
slow down (v)
‫يخفف السرعة‬
speed up (past = sped up) (v) ‫يزيد‬
31
yield (v)
23
24
‫السرعة‬
‫يسمح للغير‬
Adjectives and adverbs
32 cautious (adj)
‫ احتراس‬/ ‫حذر‬
33 cautiously
‫بحذر‬
‘What does this word mean’? ‘Sorry, I don’t know.’
George slowed down at the big intersection.
=move in front of
someone/something
= stop at side of road
= show they will go left
or right
= go more slowly
It is dangerous to speed near a school.
= go faster, go too fast
Drivers on small roads have to yield to drivers on
more important roads.
= let other drivers go
first
Always be cautious when you cross the road.
= careful
Jonathan crossed the highway cautiously.
= carefully
= not know where you
are
= anxious
≠ relaxed
= calm
≠ nervous, anxious
= traffic goes in only
one direction
= traffic goes in both
directions
34
lost (adj) ‫ يضيع عن الوجهه‬/‫يتوه‬
I got lost when I first visited London.
35
nervous (adj)
‫معصب‬
Dave was very nervous before his test.
36
relaxed (adj)
‫مسترخي‬
Ben felt relaxed after his exam was finished.
37
one-way (adj)
‫اتجاه واحد‬
You can only turn left – the street is one-way.
38
two-way (adj)
‫ مسارين‬/ ‫اتجاهين‬
Most modern streets are two-way.
Other words
39 ahead (adj)
‫ المقدمة‬/ ‫في االمام‬
40 ahead of
‫امام الـ‬
41 anybody
‫أي احد‬
ً ‫مقدما‬
42 in advance
miles per hour (m.p.h.) / miles
43
an hour
‫ميل بالساعة‬
44 no one
‫ال احد‬
45 nobody
‫ال احد‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
‘Where’s Tom?’ ‘ He’s about 100m ahead – look.’
= in front ≠ behind
He walked fast – he went ahead of his friends.
= in front of ≠ behind
Anybody could have an accident.
= any person
You must pay for the hotel in advance.
= before
Remember, the speed limit here is 70m.p.h!
= how fast you can go
No one was absent yesterday.
= no person
Nobody failed the test last week. They all passed!
= no person
14
≠ later
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Vocabulary
46
47
48
49
somebody
that
which
who
‫شخص ما‬
Somebody had an accident in my town last night.
‫ذلك‬
People want jobs that are interesting.
)‫من ( لـ غير العاقل‬
This is the key which opens my apartment door.
‫من‬
A nurse is a person who helps doctors.
Lesson 3
Nouns
1
brake (n)
‫ مكابح السيارة‬/‫فرامل‬
2
bug (n)
‫حشرة‬
3
charge (n)
‫يكلف‬
4
credit (n) ‫ رصيد في الحساب‬/‫ائتمان‬
5
engine (n)
‫محرك‬
6
fly (n)
‫ذبابة‬
7
grease (n)
‫زيت تشيحم‬
8
guarantee (n) ‫مضمون‬
9
hose (n)
‫خرطوم مياه‬
10 leak (n)
‫تسرب‬
11 motor (n)
‫محرك‬
12 noise (n)
‫ازعاج‬
13 oil (n)
‫زيت‬
14 part (n)
‫ قسم‬/ ‫جزء‬
15 refund (n)
‫استرجاع المبلغ‬
= a person
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Use your brake to help you slow down or stop.
= makes the car stop
Dan found a bug in his salad. He didn’t eat it.
= insect
‘What is the charge for a haircut, please?’
= cost, price
‘Only $11.’
Lucy bought her car on credit from the company.
= money we can pay later
Smoke is coming from the engine of our car.
= motor
There are many flies on farms
= bug, insect
Tim put some grease on the bicycle brakes.
The work on this car has a 90-day guarantee.
= promise it will be ok
I use my hose to clean my car and water my plants.
This hose has a leak. We must replace it.
= a hole with water coming out
This can go very fast – it has a big motor.
= engine
These cadets are making too much noise.
= lots of sound
You should change the oil in your car every 6 months.
Katherine bought some new parts for her bicycle.
= piece
His new phone broke so he got a refund.
16
sales slip (n)
17
satisfaction (n ‫الرضى‬
Jim likes his job. He gets a lot of satisfaction from it.
18
service (n)
‫خدمه‬
Your car needs a full service every six months.
‫ يعدل‬/ ‫يصلح‬
I’m taking my car to the garage – it needs a tune-up.
= money given back
= paper showing you
paid for something
= feeling happy
= a mechanic will check
the car
= a good service
‫تكلفة‬
The barber charged me $10 to cut my hair.
= ask someone to pay
The company credited $500 to Susan’s account.
= add money to an
account
The jacket is too small, so I will exchange it.
= change for a different
one
tune-up (n)
Verbs
20 charge (v)
credit (v)
19
21
22
exchange (v)
‫فاتورة الشراء‬
‫يودع في البطاقة‬
‫تبديل‬
‘Here is your sales slip’, said the shop assistant.
give back (past = gave back) (v) ‫ يرجع‬Don’t forget to give back the tools that you borrowed.
= return
24 grease (v)
You should grease the brakes every three months.
‫ يُشحم‬/ ‫يزيت‬
25 guarantee (v)
Our company guarantees these tires for 12 months. = promise that it will be ok
‫يضمن‬
26 leak (v)
This bottle is leaking– the floor is all wet!
= water coming out
‫يسرب‬
27 oil (v)
You should oil your bicycle wheels every month.
‫زيت‬
28 refund (v)
The company will refund you if you are not satisfied.
= give money back
‫يرجع المبلغ‬
29 satisfy (v)
We give excellent service to satisfy our customers.
= make happy
‫يرضى‬
30 stall (v)
My engine stalled six times on my way to work today.
= stops working
‫يتعطل‬
31 tune up (v)
My mechanic will tune-up my car next Saturday.
‫تصليح‬
32 warm up (v)
Warm up your engine in winter before you drive.
‫ يحضر‬/ ‫يسخن‬
Adjectives
33 dissatisfied (adj) ‫غير راضي‬
Mr Jackson was dissatisfied with the bed at his hotel.
= not happy
34 greasy (adj)
The greasy food in the cafeteria gave me stomachache. = oily
‫دهني‬
35 leaky (adj)
The roof of my house is leaky. I must repair it.
= letting water in
‫يتسرب‬
23
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
15
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Vocabulary
noisy (adj)
‫مزعج‬
37 oily (adj)
‫ مزيت‬/ ‫زيتي‬
38 satisfied (adj)
‫راضي‬
39 unhappy (adj)
‫غير سعيد‬
Other words
40 on sale
‫تخفيضات‬
41 too
‫جدا‬
43 sharpen (v)
‫ يحد‬/ ‫ يسنن‬/ ‫يبري‬
44 stop (v)
‫يقف‬
45 turn (v)
‫ لف‬/ ‫أدار‬
46 turn off (v)
‫يطفيء‬
47 turn on (v)
‫يشغل الجهاز‬
48 will (v)
‫سوف‬
49 won’t / will not (v)
‫لن‬
Other words and phrases
50 first (adj)
‫االول‬
51 from (adj)
‫من‬
in (10 minutes/ an hour/ a
52
year) (adv) ‫في‬
53 next to (adj)
‫بعد‬
54 off
‫مقفل‬
36
55
on
56
one-way (adj) ‫اتجاه واحد‬
push-button ‫اضغط الزر‬
round-trip (adj) ‫رحلة ذهاب وإياب‬
together
‫سويا‬
tonight
‫الليلة‬
57
58
59
60
Lesson 4
Nouns
1
cards (n)
‫ ورق لعب‬/ ‫بطاقات‬
2
channel (n)
‫قناة‬
3
commercial (n) ‫اعالن تجاري‬
4
dish (n)
‫طبق‬
The class was very noisy so the teacher was angry.
= being loud
I don’t like oily food – it’s not healthy.
Pam was very satisfied with her new clothes.
= happy
Mia was unhappy when her son failed a school exam.
= sad
New bicycles are on sale today – I’ll buy two!
I didn’t sleep last night. I am too tired to study.
= with a lower price
= more than is good
Use a pencil sharpener to sharpen your pencil.
Can you stop at the store? We need some eggs
Turn the doorknob to open the door.
I turned off all the lights before I left the house.
= switch on ≠turn on
Bob turned on the TV to watch the football game.
= switch off ≠ turn off
I will meet you at the airport tomorrow.
≠ will not/ won’t
Jim is sick. He won’t be at work today.
≠ will
January is the first month of the year.
≠ last
Diana wants to fly from San Antonio to Chicago.
Fred is a student. He’ll finish school in two years.
= (an hour) from now;
after (an hour)
There is a towel next to the sink.
= beside
‘Is the radio on?’ ‘No, it’s off.’
(1) I will see you on Monday. ‫في‬
(2) The TV is not on. It is off. ‫يعمل‬
(3) Bob talked to his mother on the phone. ‫على‬
Bill bought a one-way ticket. He won’t come back.
≠ on
≠ off
≠ round-trip
There is a push-button telephone in the hotel room.
I need a round-trip ticket from Chicago to New York.
≠ one-way
My family and I will eat together this weekend.
≠ alone, by yourself
I will see you after 9 pm tonight.
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
The boys like playing cards before they go to bed.
Mr Jones watches the movie channels on TV.
There are many TV commercial between programs.
= advertisement, ad
John’s favourite dish is pasta with fish.
5
entertainment (n )
6
love (n)
‫حب‬
Jamila’s love for her husband was very strong.
7
plan (n)
‫خطة‬
My plan is to save money and buy a nice house.
program (n)
9
variety (n)
Verbs
10 could (v)
‫برنامج‬
Karen enjoys TV programs about cooking and travel.
= kind of food
Examples: going to
cinema, watching TV
= a strong feeling of
liking somebody
= something we decide
to do
= a show on TV
‫متنوع‬
This restaurant has a large variety of meat dishes.
= many different things
‫من الممكن‬
I could not understand English last year but now I can.
= past tense of can
‫يُمتع‬
On Fridays, we often entertain friends at our house.
= invite people to your
house
8
‫ترفيه‬
11
entertain (v)
12
feel (past = felt) (v) ‫يشعر‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
My favourite kind of entertainment is to see a movie.
Bill(‫بشيء‬
broke‫شعر‬
the
) kitchen window. His mom felt very angry.
16
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Vocabulary
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Our neighbor’s dogs sometimes frighten our children. = make someone feel afraid
frighten (v)
‫يخوف‬
Sally intends to study a lot before her exams.
= plan, want to
intend (v)
‫ينوي‬
I laughed when John told a funny story.
laugh (v)
‫يضحك‬
I love my children very much.
= like very much
love (v)
‫يحب‬
Robert plans to visit his sick mother this weekend.
= intend
plan (v)
‫يخطط‬
I recommend going to France – it’s very beautiful.
recommend (v) ‫يوصي بـ‬
Hayley serves in the US Navy, as a mechanic.
= work for
serve (v)
‫يخدم‬
spend (past = spent) (v) ‫ يقضي‬David spends a lot of time taking his children out.
= use time or money
‫ يصرف‬/ (‫ صرف‬/ ‫) قضى‬
Adjectives & Adverbs
21 boring (adj)
‫ممل‬
I hate waiting a long time for someone. It’s so boring!
≠ interesting
= have lots to do
≠ have nothing to do
22
busy (adj)
23
The program was so dull that James fell asleep.
= boring ≠interesting
My uncle is very entertaining. He’s very funny.
= interesting, funny
The movie was very frightening, so I left the cinema.
= scary
My English teacher told us some very funny stories.
= entertaining
My sister is a great doctor, and a great mother, too.
= wonderful
It is impolite to put your feet on the chair.
= rude ≠ interesting
Mr Hill was angry because the student spoke impolitely.
= in a rude way
The people watching the sports match were very loud.
= makes a lot of noise
41
dull (adj)
‫ممل‬
entertaining (adj) ‫ممتع‬
frightening (adj) ‫مخيف‬
funny (adj)
‫مضحك‬
great (adj)
‫عظيم‬
impolite (adj)
‫غير مهذب‬
impolitely (adv) ‫بشكل غير مهذب‬
loud (adj)
‫عالي‬
loudly (adv)
‫مرتفع‬
prompt (adj)
‫عاجل‬
promptly (adv)
‫بشكل عاجل‬
reasonable (adj) ‫معقول‬
reasonably (adv) ‫معقول‬
rude (adj)
‫ حقير‬/ ‫سيء‬
rudely (adv)
‫بشكل سيئ‬
sharp (adj)
‫حاد‬
terrible (adj)
‫ فظيع‬/ ‫غير جيد‬
terribly
‫بشكل فظيع‬
wonderful (adj) ‫رائع‬
42
frequently (adv)
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
‫مشغول‬
‫بشكل متكرر‬
Other words and phrases
43 as a matter of fact
Sorry, but I’m very busy. I don’t have time to cook.
The football team manager shouted loudly.
Gary is always prompt when he meets his friends.
= on time ≠ late
Tim arrived promptly for the meeting – he wasn’t late.
= on time ≠ late
Let’s eat in this café – the prices are reasonable.
= not too much, not too little
Bill didn’t win the game but he played reasonably well.
= quite, to do okay
We don’t like that café. The waiters are very rude.
≠ polite
The young man shouted rudely and then ran away.
≠ politely
The knife was so sharp that I cut my hand.
≠ blunt
I’m going to bed. I have a terrible headache.
= very bad
This movie is terribly boring. Let’s stop watching.
= very
Alex went to bed and had a wonderful sleep.
= very good, excellent
Sam frequently visits his mother – every week, in fact.
= often
≠ rarely, occasionally
‘Do you like‫الحقيقة‬
the ‫في‬
army?’
‘Yes, as a matter of fact I do’.
= in fact
= I think… / In my
opinion
44
if you ask me
‫إذا سألتني‬
If you ask me, Rob shouldn’t spend so much on a car.
45
in fact
‫في الواقع‬
Joe is quite rich – in fact, he has a million dollars.
46
since
‫منذ‬
My brother has worked in China since 2010.
= from a certain time in
the past, until now
17
Issue No. 1.0
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
Book 11 Grammar
1. Present perfect = have/has + past participle (Verb 3)
(L1. Pg.10)
‫ التصريف الثالث للفعل‬+ have/has = ‫المضارع التام‬
We use Present perfect to talk about something that happened in the past but is connected to now, or
something that started in the past and is still there now.
‫نستخدم المضارع التام للتحدث عن شيء حدث في الماضي ولكن اليزال مستمرا الى هذه اللحظة أو حدث بدأ في الماضي وال يزال مستمر حتى االن‬
NOW /
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
since + a specific time
since + ‫وقت محدد‬
… since 1pm
… since last Tuesday
… since 2008
Subject
past
participle (V3)
detail
have
(haven’t)
been
here since 1pm.
has
(hasn’t)
had
this car for 3 years.
+
have / has
I / You
We / They
He / She
It
+
for + a period of time
for + ‫مدة من الوقت‬
… for 2 years
… for 10 minutes/ hours
John has lived in Chicago since 2006.
The children have been in the garden for an hour.
2. Present perfect questions
(L1. Pg.15)
+
past
participle (V3)
have / has +
subject
Have
(Haven’t)
I / you
we / they
been
Has
(Hasn’t)
he / she
it
had
3. Asking about time using How long
+
detail
here since 7pm?
that car for 3
years?
(L1. Pg.16)
Use how long to ask about duration – how much time.
‫ للسؤال عن المدة ـــ كم يستغرق من الوقت‬how long ‫استخدم‬
How long will you go on vacation for?
How long has Ahmad had that car?
You can use different verb
tenses with How long …?
‫يمكنك استخدام عدة أزمنة‬
How long…..? ‫مختلفة للفعل مع‬
Answer How long questions with for or since.
I’ll go on vacation for two weeks.
Ahmad has had that car since 2015.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
18
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Grammar
4. Present perfect progressive
= have/has + been + Verb-ing
(L1. Pg.22)
Use the present perfect progressive to talk about an action that began in the past and is continuing into the
‫استخدم المضارع التام المستمر للتحدث عن حدث بدأ في الماضي وال يزال يستمر الى الوقت الحاضر‬
present.
NOW /
PRESENT
PAST
Subject
Sentence
FUTURE
+ have / has + been
+ Verb-ing
+
I / You
We / They
have
(haven’t)
He / She
It
has
(hasn’t)
studying
+ have / has + been
+ Verb-ing
detail
here for 10 years.
living
been
Question
Subject
What
has / have
you / he /
she / it
been
English since 2009.
living
studying
5. Using get and become
+
detail
here for 10 years.
(L1. Pg.6)
.‫ استخدم الصفة بعد الفعل‬get
Use an adjective after get
got
angry.
better.
became
healthier.
the manager.
I/ We/ They/ You
He / She / It
6.
Use an adjective or a noun after become.
become ‫استخدم صفه أو اسم بعد الفعل‬
6. Using indefinite pronouns
someone
somebody
no one
nobody
anyone
anybody
a person, but we
don’t know who
no person
any person, but
we don’t know
who
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
(L2. Pg.49)
+
Someone broke the window.
?
Did someone bring the books?
+
No one broke the window.
+
Nobody came to the party.
+
Anyone can come to the party.
?
Did anyone hear the window break?
-
He didn’t see anybody break the window.
19
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Grammar
7.
Using adjective clauses
(L2. Pg.54)
Adjective clauses begin with that, who or which. They give essential information to identify what is being
talked about.
‫ فهي تعطي معلومات أساسية للتعريف‬.which ‫ أو‬who ‫ أو‬that ‫ بـ‬Adjective clause ‫تبداء‬
.‫عن الشيء المتحدث عنه‬
 that refers to people or things.
 who refers to people.
 which refers to things.
Pilots are people
 that ‫تعود لألشخاص أو األشياء‬
 who ‫تعود لألشخاص‬
 which ‫تعود لألشياء‬
that fly planes.
A doctor is a person
who helps sick people.
People want jobs
which are well paid.
Note: adjective clauses can also go in the middle of a sentence.
‫ في منتصف الجملة‬Adjective clause ‫ نستطيع استخدام‬: ‫مالحظة‬
The flight
which my brother is on
is late.
8. Using too + adjective
(L3. Pg.68)
Use too to describe something which is excessive (more
than needed). Too often means that something is a problem.
)‫ لوصف شيء للمبالغة فيه ( أكثر من الالزم‬too ‫استخدم‬
‫ تعني غالبأ أن شيء ما قد يكون فيه ضرر‬Too
to is followed by verb 1
‫ بالتصريف االول للفعل‬to ‫يتبع‬
It’s very windy outside. It’s too windy to play tennis.
It’s 11:30pm. It’s too late for us to go out.
You can use for + noun.
‫ الضمير‬+ for ‫يمكنك استخدام‬
It’s 11:30pm. It’s too late for going out now.
Or, you can use for + Verb +ing
Verb +ing + for ‫أو تستطيع استخدام‬
9. Changing nouns to adjectives with -y
(L3. Pg.78)
You can make adjectives by adding –y to some nouns.
‫ـــ لبعض االسماء‬y ‫تستطيع تكوين صفة بواسطة إضافة‬
Spelling changes
Nouns ending in a
consonant add -y
Nouns ending in –e:
remove–e, add -y
Nouns ending in –un:
double –n, add -y
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
Noun
Adjective
Example
leak
leaky
This car engine is leaky.
oil
oily
This Kabsa is very oily.
rain
rainy
Britain is a rainy country.
salt
salty
Those fries are too salty.
snow
snowy
It’s snowy in Canada.
soap
soapy
I like a soapy bath.
storm
stormy
We can’t fly – it’s stormy.
water
watery
The soup is too watery.
grease
greasy
These dishes are greasy.
ice
icy
Be careful! It’s icy.
noise
noisy
This disco is too noisy.
fun
funny
This movie is so funny.
sun
sunny
I prefer it when it’s sunny.
20
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Grammar
10. Using to –infinitive (to-Verb1) to express purpose
(L3. Pg.82)
Use to –infinitive to tell the reason why someone does something.
‫ للتصريح عن السبب لماذا شخص ما قام بفعل شيء ما‬to ‫ ــ‬infinitive ‫استخدم‬
Ahmed came
to see
his friend.
I borrowed the book
to study
at home.
They went
to meet
you.
He paid him
to fix
my car.
a verb + to –infinitive (to-Verb1) tells the reason for an action
‫ للتصريح عن السبب لحدث ما‬to –infinitive ‫استخدم‬
11. Reported speech with told
(L4. Pg.94)
Use told to say what someone has said.
‫ للتصريح عن قول شخص ما‬told ‫استخدم‬
Your English is good.
He told
him
(that)
Write the person
after told
his English
was
change the
subject
good
change the verb
to the past
Remember!
After tell / told, always put the person who hears the message.
Mr Smith told Fahad that he passed his test.
After say / said, don’t use the person who hears the message. Use to ….
Mr Smith said to Fahad that he passed his test.
Mr Smith said
He told me it
Always put a there
personisafter
the verb
was
told
on Monday!
a test
tomorrow.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
But he told Bill
that there was
no test!
21
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Grammar
12. Prepositions of time: before, after, since, for, in, at, on, until
before
(L4. Pg.101)
after
2pm
The doctor can’t see you before 2pm.
since
PAST
The doctor can see you after 2pm.
NOW /
PRESENT
8am
11a
m
I arrived at 8am. I have been here since
8am.
NOW /
PRESENT
for
PAST
8am
11a
m
I arrived at 8am. I have been here for 4 hours.
until
(I’m here)
(I will leave)
NOW
2pm
I will be here until 2pm.
Preposition
in
on
at
Use
season
year
country
city
location
street
date
day
time
meals
location
address
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
10:45
there
until
It’s 2pm.
quarter until/till 11.
Example
It rains in winter.
I was born in 1973.
He lives in Italy.
He lives in Jeddah.
I work in a bank.
th
They live on 35 Street.
He arrived on 27/04/15.
I play football on Sundays.
See you at 5pm.
Let’s meet up at lunch time.
She works at a café.
I live at 55 James Street, Texas.
22
Issue No. 1.0
Book 11 Grammar
13. Expressing past ability with could
(L4. Pg.111)
Use could to talk about things that you were be able to do in the past.
‫ للتحدث عن عن أشياء كنت قادر على القيام بها في الماضي‬could ‫استخدم‬
Present / Now
Past
I can’t run very far now.
But I could run when I was younger.
Questions
Could you run far when you were young?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
After could, use Verb 1
‫ استخدم التصريف االول الفعل‬could ‫بعد‬
23
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Nouns
1
beach (n)
‫شاطئ‬
2
breeze (n)
‫نسمة هواء‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
The beach is next to the sea. Children play there.
It is nice to sit outside when a breeze is blowing.
= light wind
= weather
3
climate (n)
‫الطقس‬
The climate of Saudi Arabia is hot and dry. There is little
rain.
4
heat (n)
‫حرارة‬
It is difficult to be outside in the summer heat.
= high temperature
≠ cold
= water in the air
The windows are wet. This is because of the humidity.
humidity (n)
‫رطوبة‬
6
The water in the sea is salty. Fish live in the sea.
≠ land
sea (n)
‫بحر‬
7
I just had a thought. Let's go camping this weekend.
= idea
thought (n)
‫ تفكير‬/ ‫ فكرة‬/ ‫فكر‬
8
The wind is strong today – look, the trees are moving.
= moving air outdoors
wind (n)
‫رياح‬
Verbs
9
be over (past = was, pp = been) (v) ‫ ينتهي‬We waited until the rain was over. Then we left. = finish, end
10 belong (to) (v)
That house belongs to me.
‫ يخص‬/ ‫يعود ل‬
11 blow (past = blew, pp = blown) (v)‫تطير شيء بقوة الهواء‬
The wind was strong. It blew the hat off my head.
5
= make something
clear, explain
= would find useful,
would like
= think we will do
something, hope
12
clear up (v)
‫ فسر‬/ ‫وضح‬
I didn’t understand, but Tom cleared it up for me.
13
could use (v)
‫يمكن استخدامها‬
I can’t do this homework. I could use some help.
14
expect to (v)
‫يتوقع‬
We expect to see Mrs Smith again next month.
15
‫استمر‬
17
last (v)
remain (v)
slip (v)
18
stay (v)
The lasted one hour – from 8 a.m. to 9 a.m.
The cadets remained in the barracks all weekend.
There’s some oil on the floor. Be careful - you might slip.
1. ‫يقيم‬
Dave stayed in a hotel.
2. ‫يبقى‬
Pam didn’t go - she stayed.
3. ‫ابقى‬
Stay calm – the police are coming.
= stay
≠ go
= fall
1. = sleep
2. ≠ go
3. = remain, keep
Joseph is a very calm person. He never gets angry.
1. ‫ واضح‬I don’t understand. The instructions aren’t clear.
2. ‫ صحو‬There are no clouds– the sky is clear.
Driving very fast can be dangerous.
≠ angry
= we can understand
= no clouds
≠ safe
The sea is very deep. You can’t swim to the bottom.
≠ shallow
There is a lot of snow on the ground. It is freezing.
= very cold ≠ hot
Small children are sometimes frightened of big dogs.
= scared, afraid
The weather is humid – there’s a lot of water in the air.
≠ dry
I don’t like meat much but I eat it occasionally.
= rarely
Hassan is a very quiet man. He likes reading a lot.
≠ noisy
16
‫يبقى‬
‫انزلق‬
Adjectives & Adverbs
19 calm (adj)
‫هادئ‬
20
clear (adj)
dangerous (adj) ‫خطير‬
22 deep (adj)
‫عميق‬
23 freezing (adj)
‫متجمد‬
24 frightened (adj) ‫ مرعوب‬/ ‫خائف‬
25 humid (adj)
‫رطب‬
26 occasionally (adv) ‫بين الفينة والفينة‬
27 quiet (adj)
‫هادئ‬
28 slippery (adj)
‫زلق‬
29 unpleasant (adj) ‫ غير سار‬/ ‫كريه‬
Other words & phrases
30 during
‫اثناء‬
31 ever
‫سبق له ان‬
32 except
‫ما عدى‬
33 if
‫إذا‬
21
The sidewalk was slippery today because of the rain.
That man was very unpleasant to my brother.
During the movie, Tony ate a big bag of chips.
Has George ever been to New York City?
I know all the students in my class, except Tom.
If you have time, let’s go for a coffee.
1. ‫مثل‬
2. ‫يبدو مثل‬
34
like
35
no longer
‫ليس بعد‬
36
none
‫ال شيئ‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
≠ often
Rodrigo is like his brothers.
He looks / sounds like my uncle.
Mr Smith is no longer working for this company.
‘How many boys are playing outside?’
‘None – it’s raining’.
24
≠ pleasant, nice
= not this one
= similar to
Ex: sounds like, feels
like,, looks like.
= not any more
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Vocabulary
Lesson 2
Nouns
1
Christina got her associate degree last year.
associate degree (n) ‫درجة الزمالة‬
2
bachelor’s degree (n)‫ درجة البكالوريوس‬Sue studied very hard to get a bachelor’s degree.
3
career (n)
‫وظيفة‬
My father had a good career in the Air Force.
4
choice (n)
‫اختيار‬
Harvard University is a good choice for you.
5
college (n)
‫كلية‬
After school, James studied mechanics at college.
6
course (n)
‫دورة‬
Which course do you want to study at college?
7
decision (n)
‫قرار‬
It’s hard to make the right decision about your career.
8
24
degree (n)
‫درجة علمية‬
diploma (n)
‫دبلوم‬
discussion (n)
‫مناقشة‬
education (n)
‫تعليم‬
educator (n)
‫ معلم‬/ ‫مربي‬
elementary school (n) ‫مدرسة ابتدائية‬
field (n)
‫ تخصص‬/ ‫مجال‬
future (n)
‫مستقبل‬
grade (n)
‫درجة‬
high school (n)
‫مدرسة ثانوية‬
master’s degree (n) ‫درجة الماجستير‬
middle school (n)
‫مدرسة متوسطة‬
offer (n)
‫عرض‬
Ph.D. (n)
‫درجة الدكتوراه‬
profession (n)
‫مهنة‬
professional (n)
‫محترف‬
refusal (n)
‫رفض‬
Jody has a degree in English and Arabic language.
Mathew’s diploma helped him find a good job.
I had a long discussion with Bill about sport.
You can get a good education in most countries.
Charles is an educator at Miami College.
Her younger sister is 6. She’s at elementary school.
‘Which field is he studying at university?’ ‘Medicine’.
I’m studying now because I want a job in the future.
Julia got an excellent grade in her last exam.
I met so many great friends at my high school.
Do your master’s degree after your bachelor’s.
After elementary school, children go to middle school
He got a good job offer at Aramco.
It takes a long time to study for a Ph.D.
“What’s your profession?” “I’m a doctor”.
She is a professional. She is a company manager.
My refusal of the new job made my father angry.
25
tour/ tour of duty (n)
My grandfather did two tours of Vietnam.
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
‫جولة‬
university (n)
‫جامعة‬
Verbs
27 accept (v)
‫يقبل‬
28 change one’s mind (v) ‫تغيير رأي‬
29 discuss (v)
‫يناقش‬
30 educate (v)
‫ يعلم‬/ ‫يثقف‬
make (past = made) up one’s
31
mind (v) ‫يقرر‬
32 offer (v)
‫يعرض‬
26
38
turn down (v)
Adjectives
39 confused (adj)
40 confusing (adj)
‫ ينهي‬/ ‫يرفض‬
‫ مرتبك‬/ ‫مشوش‬
‫مربك‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
= subject
= score
= job
= to say no
= go with the army to a
different country
I chose fish but I changed my mind and had meat.
= change my decision
You should discuss this job offer with your family.
= to talk about something
That school educates children in this area.
= teach
“Has he made up his mind about his College”?
“Yes, he will study Business in Sacramento”.
= decide, make a
decision
I offered to drive my brother to his house.
What will you do when you retire from your job?
retire (v)
‫يتقاعد‬
take (past = took, pp = taken) (v)‫ يقبل‬The salary was high so she took the job.
Andy talked over the job offer with his wife.
talk over (v)
‫ يجادل‬/ ‫يناقش‬
think over (past = thought, pp Choosing the right course is important – you must
ً ‫يفكر مليا‬
think it over carefully.
= thought) (v)
37
= teacher
= say yes
34
36
= talk (n)
Travis liked the job offer so he accepted it.
refuse (to) (v)
35
= working life,
occupation, job
= decision
= place where you study
a course
= subject(s)
make + a decision
= choice
You can study medicine and physics at university.
33
‫يرفض‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Tim didn’t like the job offer so he refused to take it.
= say no to something
≠ accept
= stop work at age 60
= accept
≠ refuse
= discuss
= think about, decide
The salary was low so she turned down the job.
= refuse, say no
≠ accept
There is so much information. I feel confused!
= not sure what to do
He talks very fast. I think it is confusing.
= difficult to understand
25
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
medical (adj)
‫طبي‬
42 professional (adj)
‫محترف‬
43 technical (adj)
‫تقني‬
Other words & phrases
41
Vocabulary
She is sick – we need medical help!
The company gave us very professional service.
The mechanic gave my car lots of technical tests.
44
already
ً ‫مسبقا‬
She was already 22 when she started at College.
45
instead
‫بالمقابل‬
I don’t like soda. Can I have orange juice instead?
46
instead of
‫ بدالً من‬/ ‫عوضا ً عن‬
Marco chose Texas to study, instead of Seattle.
47
just
so
yet
48
49
‫فقط‬
Mr and Mrs Jones have just bought a new house.
‫إذا‬
He drank lots of coffee so he couldn’t sleep.
‫ بعد‬/ ‫حتى اآلن‬
I haven’t met our new captain yet.
Lesson 3
Nouns
1
addition (n)
‫اضافة‬
= short time ago
= similar meaning
We built an addition to our house. Now it’s bigger.
= an extra part
= person who builds
houses
2
builder (n)
‫ بناء‬/ ‫معماري‬
It is so difficult to find a good builder in Oklahoma.
3
‫شريط‬
I still have hundreds of old music cassettes.
4
cassette (n)
CD (n)
‫سي دي‬
Mark bought his mother three CDs for her birthday.
5
den (n)
‫غرفة للعب او للرياضة‬
Our new home will have a den for our kids to play in.
6
‫غرفة الطعام‬
Their dining room is very large – for about 20 people.
7
dining room (n)
fire (n)
‫نار‬
The Hill family made a big fire and cooked some meat.
8
fireplace (n)
‫ مشب‬/ ‫موقد‬
The children must not play near the fireplace.
9
get-together (n)
‫اجتماع عائلي او‬
10
idea (n)
‫فكرة‬
Spending all your money on a vacation is a bad idea.
11
meeting (n)
‫اجتماع‬
Our business meeting was in a beautiful old hotel.
12
‫فرن‬
My mother uses our oven to make wonderful bread.
13
oven (n)
patio (n)
‫ ساحة‬/ ‫فناء‬
14
plan (n)
‫خطة‬
When the weather is nice, we sit on our patio.
Before you build a house, you need some good plans.
15
player (n)
‫مشغل‬
Does your computer have a DVD player?
16
room (n)
‫غرفة‬
John’s house has 8 rooms. There are 4 bedrooms.
17
shed (n)
18
solution (n)
‫حل‬
I can’t find the solution to my problem!
19
speaker (n)
‫سماعات‬
I can’t listen to any music - my speakers don’t work.
20
stereo (n)
‫استريو‬
21
story (n)
‫دور‬
22
suburb (n)
23
trouble (n)
wood (n)
24
‫لألصدقاء‬
‫مستودع صغير في الفناء‬
≠ opposites
The Smiths had a get-together for about 50 people.
I keep all my tools in the shed, which is in the garden.
Dan has an expensive stereo – he likes listening to
music.
The doctor added a second story to his home.
= room for relaxing
together
= room where people eat
= place in the house
where there is a fire
= when friends and
family members meet
= when you think of
something
= when people discuss
business or work
= technical drawings
Examples: cassette
player, CD player
e.g. bedroom, living
room, kitchen
= small place used as a
store
= the answer to a
problem
= level of a house, floor
Many families live in the suburbs, not the town center.
= area of a city with houses
(not the center)
‫مشكلة‬
James got into trouble with the Police.
= (have) problem(s)
‫خشب‬
We bought some wood for our fire.
= from trees. We can
‫ اطراف المدينة‬/ ‫الضواحي‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
26
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Vocabulary
burn it.
Verbs
25 add on (v)
‫إضافة‬
We added on a new kitchen and patio to our house.
= enlarge
26
boil (v)
‫يغ‬
Tim boiled water and made coffee for his brother.
= make water very hot,
for tea / coffee
27
build (past = built, pp = built)
28
29
30
31
32
(v)
‫يبني‬
Betty and Hal built a new house when they married.
burn (v)
‫يحرق‬
could (v)
‫يمكن‬
enlarge (v)
‫يكبر‬
get together (past = got, pp =
gotten) (v) ‫يجتمع‬
Wood burns easily. / I will burn these old papers.
= make a fire with
Don’t forget to call the doctor. It could be important.
= might
I built two extra rooms last year to enlarge my house.
= make bigger
Our families get together in Florida every year.
= see each other
heat (v)
In cold countries, people heat their homes in winter.
= make hotter
≠ cool
‫يسخن‬
He left the book on the table and went to bed. ‫يترك‬
leave (past = left, pp = left) (v)
34 play (v)
I love playing music on my new stereo.
‫يشغل‬
35 solve (v)
Have you solved the homework questions yet?
= to find the answer
‫يحل‬
36 take place (past = took, pp = taken) (v) ‫ يحدث‬The 2018 football World Cup took place in Russia. = happen
Adjectives & Other Words
33
His brother isn’t interested in marriage yet.
He’s interested in playing computer games.
Mohamed’s house is near to the big mosque.
37
interested in
‫مهتم بـ‬
38
near
‫قريب‬
39
perhaps
‫ربما‬
‘Will we get there before 8pm?’ ‘I don’t know.
Perhaps.’
40
then
‫ثم‬
If you like the food then you can have some more!
41
tiring (adj)
‫متعب‬
Driving for many hours is very tiring. I don’t like it.
Lesson 4
Nouns
1
country (n)
‫ضاحية‬
2
deer (n)
‫غزال‬
3
duck (n)
‫بطة‬
4
fish (n)
‫سمك‬
5
fishing rod (n)
‫سنارة صيد‬
6
gun (n)
‫سالح‬
interested in + V-ing
= maybe, possibly
≠ certainly, for sure
= makes you tired,
exhausting
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Jackson goes to the country most weekends
= outside towns or cities
In some US states, people often hunt deer.
A deer is an animal.
I eat duck at a Chinese restaurant in the city.
A duck is a bird.
Fish live in the sea. It’s healthy to eat fish.
My grandfather catches fish with a fishing rod.
Use a gun to shoot an animal.
7
instructions (n)
‫تعليمات‬
‘How does this gun work?’ ‘Read the instructions.’
8
line (n)
) ‫خيط ( للسنارة‬
Put a long line onto the fishing rod.
9
‫في الهواء الطلق‬
If the weather is nice, we like to sit outdoors.
‫يملك‬
‘Do you want to borrow my car?’ ‘No, I have my own.’
= something that is yours
‫مسدس‬
Police forces all over the world usually carry pistols.
= a small hand gun
12
outdoors (n)
own (n)
pistol (n)
plenty (n)
= small book with
information
Examples: clothes line,
telephone line
= outside
‫ الكثير من‬/ ‫وفرة‬
Please have more food – there is plenty to eat.
13
rifle (n)
‫بندقية‬
President Kennedy was killed with a rifle in 1963.
14
shot (n)
walk (n)
weapon (n)
‫طلقة‬
Josephine needed two shots to kill the deer.
= lots of something
= a gun with a long
barrel
= two tries with the gun
‫يمشي‬
Going for walks in the country is popular in the USA.
10
11
15
16
‫(خفيف او ثقيل)سالح‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
Soldiers know how to use many different weapons.
27
Examples: guns, knives,
bombs, etc.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Vocabulary
Verbs
17 catch (past = caught, pp = caught) (v) ‫ يمسك‬I caught three large fish when I was on vacation.
18 fish (v)
Do you fish at the river, or on the lake?
= go to catch fish
‫يصيد‬
19 go + V-ing (past = went, pp = gone) (v) ‫يذهب‬
Zak is healthy because he goes swimming every day.
20 hunt (v)
Sometimes we hunt animals at the weekend.
= shoot animals
‫يصيد‬
21 kill (v)
Last month, my son killed a young deer with his rifle.
‫يقتل‬
22 practise (v)
Sue practised driving for 1 year, then passed her test.
‫يتدرب‬
23 prepare (v)
My wife and her mother prepared food for 20 people.
= make (ready)
‫يجهز‬
24 shoot (past = shot, pp = shot) (v) ‫ يطلق‬He sometimes goes to shoot deer with his friends. = fire a gun, kill
25
used to (v)
‫اعتاد ان‬
I used to go to Florida a lot, but now I don’t have time.
26
would (v)
‫يود‬
Dave would always smoke a cigarette after eating.
(do something in the
past)
(describes a past
habit)
Other Words & Phrases
I looked for him all over town but I didn’t find him.
= in many places /
everywhere
Robert drove farther today than he did yesterday.
= a longer way
The teacher gave the class further instructions.
= more
32
farther (or further) ‫بعيد‬
further (adj)
‫اضافي‬
hard (adv)
‫بجد‬
high (adj)
‫مرتفع‬
in the open ‫ مكان مفتوح‬/‫في الخارج‬
33
indoors (adv)
‫ مغلق‬/ ‫داخلي‬
It started to rain heavily, so we moved indoors.
34
low (adj)
‫قليل‬
The plane flew low over the trees.
35
‫اكثر‬
36
more
once
27
all over
28
28
30
‫في جميع االنحاء‬
Sue works very hard. Her manager is happy with her.
Wilfred threw the ball high in the air.
≠ low
Rachael enjoyed reading on her patio, in the open.
Shops with low prices give you more for your money.
= outside, outdoors
= inside
≠ outdoors
= near the ground
≠ high
= extra
‫مرة واحدة فقط‬
I have only been to America once, in 2016.
= one time
37
outdoors /out of doors (adv)
I love spending
‫خارجيا‬time outdoors in summer.
38
out-of-doors (adv)‫في الخارج‬
The children play out-of-doors when the weather is good.
39
own (adj)
‫يملك‬
I always use my own laptop, not other people’s.
40
several
slow (adv)
twice
whole (adj)
‫العديد‬
Dan has more than one car – he has several.
= some, a few
‫بطئ‬
Alan’s car goes slow, but the bus goes even slower.
≠ fast, quickly
‫مرتين‬
I will travel to Kansas twice next month.
= two times
‫الكل‬
Jarvis ate the whole cake because he was very hungry.
= all of something
31
41
42
43
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
28
= outside
≠ indoors
= outside
≠ indoors
= something that is
yours
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
2
Grammar
1. The Conditional: true in the present or future
A
(L1. Pg.14)
Use will / going to + Verb 1 in the main clause to talk about situations that are true in the future.
.‫ التصريف االول للفعل في الجملة الرئيسية للتحدث عن حاالت حقيقية في المستقبل‬+ will / going to ‫استخدم‬
Conditional (if clause)
Result (main clause)
will
we
are going to
If the weather is nice,
Use present simple in the if clause
if ‫استخدم المضارع البسيط مع جملة‬
go to the park.
Use will or going to in the main clause
‫ مع الجملة الرئيسية‬will/ going to ‫استخدم‬
You can put the main clause before the if clause.
Result (main clause)
will
We
are going to
B
Conditional (if clause)
go to the park
if the weather is nice.
Use can / could / may / might / should + Verb 1 in the main clause to talk about suggestions
or situations that are possible in the future.
.‫ التصريف االول للفعل للتحدث عن مقترحات أو حاالت ممكن حدوثها في المستقبل‬+ can/ could/ may/ might/ should ‫استخدم‬
Conditional (if clause)
Result (main clause)
can / could
the roads may / might
should
If it rains tonight,
Remember - use present simple in the
if clause
if ‫تذكرــ استخدم المضارع البسيط في جملة‬
become slippery.
Use Verb 1 after these modal verbs
Modals ‫استخدم اتصريف االول بعد افعال‬
Examples
If you run a red light, you might hit another car.
John will use my car if his car isn’t working.
If we pass the test, we are going to celebrate!
2. Present perfect: has / have + past participle (Verb 3)
A
(L1. Pg.22/ L2. Pg.50)
Use the Present perfect to talk about something that happened in the past and is continuing now.
.‫استخدم المضارع التام للتحدث عن شيء حدث في الماضي وال يزال مستمر حتى هذه اللحظة‬
(L1. Pg. 22.)
Note: Always use a comma ( , ) after the if clause is before the main clause.
Past simple
Present perfect
John moved to New York in
April.
NOW
John has lived in New York since
April.
NOW
PAST
FUTURE
APRIL
MAY
JUNE
JULY
APRIL
MAY
JUNE
JULY
The action started and
stopped in the past.
The action started in the past and
continues now.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
29
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Have/Has
+
Grammar
Subject
have / has
Verb 3
+ detail
I / You
We / They
have
(haven’t)
He / She / It
has
(hasn’t)
lived
waited
swam
studied
here for 2 months.
since 7:30 pm.
worked here since 2009.
English for 10 years.
subject
Have
I / you
we / they
Has
he / she / it
+
Verb 3
lived
finished
+
detail
?
here for 2 months?
your homework?
You can also use the Present perfect to talk about something that happened sometime in the past
B (we don’t say when( and is important now.
(L2. Pg. 50.)
.‫يمكنك أيضا ً استخدام المضارع التام للتحدث عن شيء حدث في وقت ما في الماضي ( ال نعلم متى) وهو حدث ذو أهمية اآلن‬
Past simple
Present perfect
Sue visited Paris last year.
LAST
YEAR
Sue has visited Paris. She can tell
us about her trip.
NOW
PAST
PAST
The action started and stopped in the
past. We say when it happened.
Have/Has
NOW
?
+
The action is important now,
not when it happened.
Subject
have / has
Verb 3
+ detail
I / You
We / They
have
(haven’t)
He / She / It
has
(hasn’t)
visited
passed
been
met
Riyadh.
the test.
to another country yet.
my father.
subject
Have
I / you
we / they
Has
he / she / it
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
+
Verb 3
travelled
lost
+
detail
?
to many places?
your wallet?
30
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Grammar
3. Adverbs of time
(L2. Pg.40)
Adverb
Example
Something happened
before now.
already
Something is
continuing.
still
+
Ed already has a degree.
?
Do they already have a car?
+
He’s still waiting for you.
-
We still don’t know.
?
Do you still work here?
-
Can I go? I haven’t been yet.
?
Is dinner ready yet?
He no longer lives here.
yet
Something is not
happening now but is
expected to happen.
no longer
Something has
stopped or changed.
+
not anymore
/ any longer
Something has
stopped or changed.
-
He isn’t here anymore.
He doesn’t study English anymore.
already: use before a verb; don’t use in negatives
‫ قبل الفعل وال تستخدم في النفي‬already ‫تستخدم‬
yet: at the end of a sentence; use in questions and negatives
‫ وتستخدم في السؤال‬،‫ نهاية الجملة‬yet ‫تستخدم‬
‫ والنفي‬a verb
no longer: use before
‫ قبل الفعل‬no longer ‫تستخدم‬
any more /any longer: use at the end of a sentence; use only in negatives
‫ وتستخدم فقط في النفي‬،‫ في نهاية الجملة‬any more/ any longer ‫تستخدم‬
4.
Using or and so to connect clauses
David can pay with cash,
or
(L2.Pg.56)
he can use his credit card.
‫ للتحدث عن اختيارين‬or ‫ استخدام‬Use or to talk about two choices.
David didn’t have any money,
so
I paid for lunch.
‫ قبل التحدث عن النتيجة‬so ‫ استخدام‬Use so before you talk about the result.
5. Using could to express possibility
(L2. Pg.72)
Use could if you are not 100% sure something will happen.
.‫ درجة الحرارة او المسافة‬,‫الجو‬, ‫قد تستخدم كفاعل في الجملة بديال عن الوقت‬
Subject
Modal verb
Verb
It
He
could
may
might
be
play
These modal verbs mean the same – you
are 50% sure.
‫ هذه تحمل نفس المعنى ـــ حيث تعنى‬Modal ‫أفعال‬
‫ من حدوث الشيء‬%50 ‫أنك متأكد‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
over there.
tennis.
Use the infinitive (V1) after all
modal verbs.
(‫استخدم الفعل المجرد ( التصريف االول‬
Modal ‫بعد أفعال‬
31
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
Grammar
6. Using adjectives with –ed and –ing
(L3. Pg.77)
The person that feels a feeling uses adjective with –ed.
‫ــ لوصف اإلحساس الذي يحس به‬ed ‫يستخدم الشخص الصفة مع إضافة‬
am
I
is
He / She
You / We / They
are
bored.
confused.
excited.
frightened.
interested.
tired.
The thing that causes a feeling uses adjective with –ing.
‫ـ لها‬ing ‫اال شياء التي تسبب اإلحساس نستخدم الصفة مع إضافة‬
It / The book /
The movie
They / The noise /
The people
is
are
boring.
confusing.
exciting.
frightening.
interesting.
tiring.
7. Reported Speech
Use reported speech to say (report) what someone said in the past.
‫( لإلفصاح عن ماذا قال شخص ما في الماضي‬Reported speech) ‫نستخدم‬
(L3. Pg.82)
Change the subject
I like the new
iPhone.
(I to he)
What did he
say?
He said that he
liked the new
iPhone.
Change present tense (like) to past tense (liked)
‫غير الفعل من الزمن المضارع الى الزمن الماضي‬
Aziz: I really want to
see that new movie.
Hamad: What did he say?
Yasir: He said that he wanted
to see that new movie.
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32
Issue No. 1.0
Book 12
8.
Grammar
Comparative forms of adverbs with –er
(L4. Pg.97)
Add –er to adverbs when you compare two things.
‫ــ للحال عندما تقارن بين إثنين‬er ‫أضف‬
Alex can run fast, but Sam can run faster than Alex.
Comparative
Adverb
‫مقارنة‬
‫حال‬
She lives near here, but I live nearer (than her).
Some plane fly low, but helicopters fly lower than planes.
Note: - the comparative of far is farther/further
- remember to use than after a comparative
9.
Using used to to talk about the past
(L4. Pg.104)
Used to describes a repeated action (it happened regularly), or something that existed in the past (a past condition),
but not anymore.
.‫ يعني شيء ما كان يحدث بشكل منتظم أو موجود في الماضي لكنه لم يعد كذلك‬used to ‫فعل‬
used to
Jim
play golf.
Sue and Jill
used to
The children
Did
Verb1 + detail
live in Boston.
play in the park.
Who
used to
play golf?
he
use to
play golf?
In questions, we use use to NOT used to
used to ‫ وال نستخدم‬use to ‫في السؤال نستخدم‬
Repeated action
My uncle used to smoke, but he stopped last month.
‫فعل متكرر حدث‬
‫بالماضي‬
Past condition
‫حال حدث في الماضي‬
No, I used to live there.
Did you use to live here?
10. Using would to talk about the past
(L4. Pg.107)
Use would to talk about past repeated actions (but not past conditions).
.)‫ للتحدث عن أحداث متكرره في الماضي ( لكن ال تستخدم لوصف حاالت في الماضي‬would ‫استخدم‬
Would you play
outside when you
were young?
Note:
Use Verb 1 after would
would ‫ استخدم تصريف الفعل االول بعد‬:‫مالحظة‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
When I was young, I would
play outside every day.
Before I started TSI, I would
stay in bed all day.
33
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
Lesson 1
Nouns
1
coach (n)
2
doubt (n)
3
4
Vocabulary
2
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫مدرب‬
The football team is good – they have a great coach.
‫شك‬
I am sure we will win the match. There is no doubt.
1) The players ran out onto the football field. ‫ملعب‬
2( Bill’s new job is in the field of business. ‫مجال‬
1) Messi scored 3 goals in the match. ‫هدف‬
2( Bob’s goal is to be a doctor. ‫هدف‬
field (n)
goal (n)
6
jump (n)
knot (n)
7
match (n)
8
‫معنى‬
‫متر‬
Mark can run 100 meters in 16 seconds.
‫العب‬
Lionel Messi is a very good soccer player.
‫نقطة‬
The score in the basketball game was 98 points to 72.
‫تمارين‬
If you want to play well, come to practice every day.
‫سباق‬
Bill ran very fast and won the race.
‫مراسل‬
A reporter works for newspapers, magazines or TV.
‫حبل‬
The man tied his dog to a tree with a rope.
‫النتيجة‬
After the match, the score was 25 points to 23
‫رباط الحذاء‬
Jim put on his shoes and started to tie his shoelaces.
18
meaning (n)
meter (n)
player (n)
point (n)
practice (n)
race (n)
reporter (n)
rope (n)
score (n)
shoelaces (n)
stadium (n)
If you wear a tie, you have to make a knot in it.
1) I enjoyed the football match yesterday. ‫مباراة‬
2) Jim started a fire with a match. ‫كبريت‬
“Big” and “large” have the same meaning.
‫استاد رياضي‬
In some stadiums, 80,000 people can watch a game.
19
string (n)
‫خيط‬
Bill broke a shoelace so he used string to tie his boots.
5
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
‫يقفز‬
Frank is very good at the high jump.
‫عقدة‬
tie (n)
‫ربطة عنق‬
Verbs
beat (past = beat; pp =
21
beaten) (v)
‫يهزم‬
22 believe (v)
‫يعتقد‬
23 coach (v)
‫يدرب‬
24 doubt (v)
‫شك‬
25 imagine (v)
‫ يتصور‬/‫يتخيل‬
26 join (v)
‫ينضم‬
27 jump (v)
‫يقفز‬
28 kick (v)
‫يركل‬
20
29
lose (past = lost; pp = lost) (v)
32
match (v)
race (v)
score (v)
33
suppose (v)
34
tie / tie up (v)
30
31
35
36
‫ يوصل‬/‫يربط‬
ً‫ يعدو سريعا‬/‫يركض‬
= area for sport
= subject, area
(2) = plan, hope, aim
(1) = game
= exercise
String is for tying
things together.
My teacher is smart. He always wears a tie to school.
Germany beat Brazil 3 – 1 in a soccer game.
I have studied hard and I believe I will pass the test.
= think
Bill coached the football team for five years.
= teach, train
There is a lot of noise. I doubt anyone can sleep.
= to be unsure about
I imagine Sam will play football – he likes the sport.
= think, assume
Tim was a civilian. He joined the military 2 years ago.
Can you jump up and touch the ceiling?
Messi kicked the ball into the goal.
1) My team lost the game with a score of 3 to 1. ‫يخسر‬
2) I have lost my keys! I can’t find them! ‫يفقد‬
≠ win
≠ find
Match the question with the correct answer.
Jack ran very fast. He raced down the football field.
‫يسجل هدف‬
To score in soccer, kick the ball into the goal.
‫يعتقد‬
“Where is Jim?” “It’s 6pm. I suppose he left work.”
= run very fast
= think, imagine,
assume
1) Bill scored a point and tied the game at 24 – 24. ‫يعادل نتيجة‬
2) Tie up your shoelaces before you fall over. ‫يربط‬
throw (past = threw; pp =
The basketball player threw the ball in the basket.
thrown) (v)
‫يرمي‬
win (past = won; pp = won) (v)
‫ يفوز‬My team won the game 4 - 0.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
= teacher, trainer
34
≠ lose
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
Vocabulary
Other words and phrases
‫حتما‬
I am certain a Ferrari costs more than a Hyundai.
= sure; positive
≠ uncertain
Look at those black clouds! It will certainly rain soon.
= without a doubt
The‫األبعد‬
furthest I have run is 20 kilometers.
≠ nearest
I’m free all day tomorrow. We can meet for sure.
≠ certainly
Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.
≠ the least
= sure, certain
≠ not sure
37
certain (adj)
38
41
certainly (adv)
‫بكل تأكيد‬
farthest/ furthest (adj)
for sure
‫بالتأكيد‬
most
‫االكثر‬
42
positive (adj)
‫متأكد‬
‘Are you sure you locked the door?’ ‘Yes, I am positive’.
43
quite
‫نوعا ما‬
This food is quite good – not very bad or very good.
44
so
45
46
surely (adv)
‫بكل تأكيد‬
toward / towards ‫باتجاه شيء ما‬
47
uncertain (adj)
39
40
Lesson 2
Nouns
1
ashtray (n)
2
bracelet (n)
3
chain (n)
4
copper (n)
5
cotton (n)
6
diamond (n)
‫غير متأكد‬
1) Bob felt sick yesterday so he stayed at home. ‫لذلك‬
2) Is Madrid in Spain? I think so. ‫ذلك‬
Jim is very sick. Surely he won’t be at work today.
(1) = therefore
= certainly
The young child ran towards his mother .
≠ away from
I’ll meet you later, but I’m uncertain exactly when.
= not sure
≠ sure, certain
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫طفاية سجائر‬
Please put out your cigarette in the ashtray.
‫سوار‬
Sue is wearing a gold bracelet next to her watch.
A bracelet is jewelry.
‫سلسال‬
Some men wear a chain around their necks.
A chain is jewelry.
‫نحاس‬
Electrical wire is made of copper.
Copper is a metal.
‫قطن‬
Shirts and t-shirts are often made of cotton.
Cotton is a material.
‫ألماس‬
Many rings have diamonds. They are expensive.
7
earrings (n) ‫الخرص‬/‫حلق االذن‬
Women wear earrings in their ears.
8
‫زجاج‬
Windows are made of glass.
‫ذهب‬
Gold is a beautiful and expensive metal.
Gold is a metal.
10
glass (n)
gold (n)
iron (n)
Earrings are a type of
jewelry.
Glass is a material.
‫حديد‬
Iron is strong and hard. Machines are made of iron.
11
jewelry (n) ‫ مجوهرات‬/‫جواهر‬
Women wear beautiful jewelry at their wedding.
12
‫جلد‬
Leather is made from the skin of animals.
13
leather (n)
leave (n)
Iron is a metal.
Examples: bracelet,
necklace, earrings
Leather is a material.
‫إجازة‬
Sgt Jones is not here now. He is on leave.
= vacation
14
material (n)
‫مواد‬
Plastic and copper are examples of materials.
15
metal (n)
‫معدن‬
Knives, machines and guns are made of metal.
16
necklace (n)
‫ قالدة‬/‫عقد‬
Women wear necklaces around their necks.
17
nylon (n)
‫نايلون‬
Nylon is not a natural material – it’s man-made.
18
plastic (n)
‫بالستك‬
Bottles are made of plastic because it is light and strong.
19
polyester (n))‫بولستر(يستخدم كقماش‬
Pants which are made of polyester last longer.
20
ring (n)
rock (n)
rubber (n)
silk (n)
silver (n)
‫خاتم‬
A lot of women wear rings on their fingers.
A necklace is jewelry
Nylon is a man-made
material.
Plastic is a man-made
material.
Polyester is a manmade material.
A ring is jewelry.
‫صخرة‬
The tops of some mountains are made of rock.
= stone
‫مطاط‬
Car tires are usually made of rubber.
‫حرير‬
Silk is a thin, soft cloth.
‫فضي‬
Some jewelry and some coins are made of silver.
9
21
22
23
24
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
35
Examples: paper, glass,
rubber, stone
Examples: gold, iron,
silver, copper
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
Vocabulary
A diamond is a very expensive stone.
stone (n)
‫ حصى‬/ ‫حجر‬
26 wool (n)
My wool sweater keeps me warm in winter.
‫صوف‬
Verbs
27 allow (v)
The teacher did not allow his students to sleep.
= let
‫يسمح‬
28 appreciate (v)
Thanks for your help. I appreciate it very much.
= be thankful for
‫ يمتن‬/‫يقدر‬
29 be made of / made up of (v)
My‫من‬
shoes
‫ يصنع‬are
/ ‫ من‬made
‫ يتكون‬of leather and rubber.
30 could (v)
Yesterday Jim was sick. He couldn’t go to work.
= past of can
‫استطاع‬
do over (past = did; pp =
31
I made a mistake in my work so I did it over.
= repeat, do again
done) (v)
‫ يكرر‬/ ‫يعيد‬
32 owe (v)
I owe Jim 10 dollars. I’ll pay him back tomorrow.
‫يُدين لشخص ما‬
pay back (past = paid; pp =
33
‘Can I borrow $50? I’ll pay you back next week.’
paid) (v) ‫يعيد المال‬
34 put out (past = put; pp = put) (v)
‫يضع‬
Put out your recycling in front of your houses.
25
35
throw away (past = threw; pp = thrown) (v) ‫ يرمي‬I don’t need these old books. Throw them away.
wake up (past = woke; pp = woken) (v) ‫ يستيقظ‬When I woke up, the sun was shining.
Other words and phrases
37 away (adv)
Bob isn’t here. He has gone away for the weekend.
‫بعيد‬
38 fond (of) (adj)
Bob is fond of animals. He likes them very much.
‫مغرم بشيء ما‬
39 man-made (adj) ‫صناعي‬/‫ صنع االنسان‬Plastic and polyester are man-made materials.
40 natural (adj)
Cotton is a natural material. It comes from a plant.
‫طبيعي‬
41 past (adv)
John walked past the school. He didn’t stop there.
‫يتجاوز‬
= throw out
36
Lesson 3
Nouns
1
amount (n)
‫كمية‬
2
bargain (n)
‫ سعر مخفض‬/ ‫مراعاة‬
3
centimeter/ cm (n)‫سنتيميتر‬
4
cloth (n)
‫قماش‬
5
deal (n)
‫صفقة‬
6
discount (n)
‫تخفيض‬
7
distance (n)
‫مسافة‬
8
dressing room (n) ‫غرفة مالبس‬
9
fabric (n)
‫النسيج‬
10 fit (n)
‫مالئم‬
11 height (n)
‫ارتفاع‬
12 hip (n)
‫ِورك‬
13 inch / in. (n)
‫بوصه‬
14 item (n)
‫شيء‬
15 jeans (n)
‫جينز‬
16 length (n)
‫الطول‬
17 measurement (n) ‫قياس‬
18 pair (n)
)‫زوج (اثنان من نفس النوع‬
= artificial ≠ natural
≠ man-made, artificial
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Al spent a large amount of money to build his house.
= quantity
We got a bargain on our new car. It cost only $1,000.
= a cheap price
A ruler is usually 30 cm long.
Are the seats in your car made of cloth or leather?
Bob got a good deal on his car –it was only $15,000.
I got a discount of 50% on a pair of shoes – half price!
= money off
The distance between my home and my work is 15km.
The customer tried on the pants in the dressing room.
The fabric of this winter coat is 100% wool.
e.g. wool, silk
Your clothes are a good fit – they look good on you.
‘How tall are you?’ ‘My height is 1m 80cm.’
Your hip is between the top of your leg and your waist.
The tailor shortened Bob’s pants by 2 inches.
1 inch = 2.54 cm
A shirt is an item of clothing.
= thing, piece
Bill is wearing a pair of blue jeans and a t-shirt.
The length of the hotel swimming pool is 15 meters.
‘What’s your waist measurement?’ ‘32 inches.’
I bought a pair of shoes and a pair of glasses.
19
percent (%) (n)
‫في المئة‬
50 percent of the students in the school are boys.
20
percentage (n)
‫نسبة مئوية‬
A high percentage of people in the US can drive.
21
receipt (n)
‫ايصال‬
Tim got a receipt after he paid for the camera.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
= like
36
= two
Percent is only used
after a number.
Percentage is not used
with a number.
A receipt shows you
have paid
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
Vocabulary
‫تخفيضات‬
The shop has a sale - many items are half price.
‫مقاس‬
‘What size is your t-shirt?’ ‘It’s a medium.’
24
sale (n)
size (n)
tax (n)
‫ضريبة‬
The government takes tax from people’s salaries.
25
waist (n)
‫وسط‬/‫خصر‬
Jim is wearing a leather belt around his waist.
= the middle part of
the body
‫يساوي‬
$200 + $100 + 6% tax amounts to $318 in total.
= equals
22
23
Verbs
26 amount to (v)
27
bargain (v)
‫ يساوم‬/ ‫يكاسر‬
If you bargain you might get a lower price.
28
decrease (v)
‫ينقص‬
The temperature decreased from 42° to 38°.
29
The store discounted many items - some were ½ price.
30
discount (v)
‫يُخفض السعر‬
fit (past = fit; pp = fit) (v)
= discuss and try to
get a lower price
≠ increase, go up
= lower, reduce
= reduce the price
I can’t wear this
shirt. It doesn’t fit me. It’s too small.
‫يناسب‬
= be the right size
31
increase (v)
‫يزداد‬
Bob’s salary increased from $2000 to $2200 a month.
≠ decrease
= go up
32
measure (v)
‫يقيس‬
Police cameras can measure the speed of your car.
33
reduce (v)
‫يُنقص‬
The store had a big sale and reduced their prices.
= decrease, go down ≠
increase
sew (past = sewed; pp = sewn) (v) ‫ يخيط‬A tailor can sew clothing to make it shorter or longer.
35 try on (v)
You can try this shirt on in the dressing room.
‫يجرب‬
Other words
34
36
for sale
37
free (adj)
38
irregular (adj)
‫غير منتظم‬
This coat is irregular. There’s something wrong with it.
39
less
medium (adj)
‫أقل‬
40
41
much (adv)
‫كثير‬
42
off
‫خصم‬
The shoes cost less than $50, not more.
What size shirt does he wear? Medium or large?
1) Hank is 50. Sue is 23. Hank is much older than Sue.
2( ‘How much is a cup of coffee?’ ‘$4.’ ‫بكم‬
If you buy two belts, you’ll get 50% off the second one.
43
on sale
‫ُمخفض‬
Tom buys clothes when they are on sale - he saves money.
45
sales tax
special (adj)
‫ضريبة مبيعات‬
When you buy something in the US, you pay a sales tax.
Bob has many friends but only a few special friends.
46
‫للبيع‬
Bob has bought a new car. His old car is for sale.
1( I didn’t pay for this glass of water. It was free.‫مجاني‬
2) I will be free at 2 pm. I can see you then. ‫متفرغ‬
‫وسط‬
‫خاص‬
Lesson 4
Nouns
1
age (n)
‫عمر‬
2
centimeter / cm (n)
3
depth (n)
‫عمق‬
4
diet (n)
‫حمية غذائية‬
5
distance (n)
‫مسافة‬
6
foot (feet) / ft / (ˈ) (n) ‫قدم‬
7
height (n)
‫ارتفاع‬
8
inch / in. (“) (n) ‫بوصه‬
9
kilometer / km (n)
‫كيلومتر‬
10 length (n)
‫طول‬
11 meter / m (n)
‫متر‬
12 mile / mi. (n)
‫ميل‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
= someone is selling
something
= no charge
= not busy
= not of normal shape
or size
≠ more
= a lot
= how much money
= cheaper
= for sale at a reduced
price
= VAT
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Many young people go to college at the age of 19.
= how old somebody is
There are 100
centimeters in one meter.
‫سنتيمتر‬
‘How deep is the pool?’ ‘The depth is about 2m.’
Fruit and vegetables are part of a healthy diet.
= the food you eat
The distance between the two doors is 6 feet.
This desk is about 3 feet wide. I am 6’ tall.
3 feet = 3’.
The plane was flying at a height of 10,000 meters.
There are 12 inches in one foot. The pen is 8” long.
It is 5 kilometers from my house to the bank.
= 1000 meters
‘How long is the pool?’ ‘The length is 50 m.’
A football field is about 100 meters long.
1 m = 100 cm
He was driving at 70 miles an hour.
1 mile = 1.6 km
37
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
13
millimeter/ mm (n)
‫مليمتر‬
scale (n)
‫ميزان‬
15 strength (n)
‫قوة‬
16 weight (n)
‫وزن‬
17 width (n)
‫عرض‬
18 yard/ yd. (n)
‫يارد‬
Verbs
19 diet / go on a diet (v)
20 gain (v)
‫ يزيد‬/‫يكسب‬
21 measure (v)
‫يقيس‬
22 weigh (v)
‫يزن‬
Other words & phrases
14
Vocabulary
The are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter.
Tom stood on the scale and checked his weight.
He can lift 100 kg. He has great strength.
‘How much do you weigh?’ ‘My weight is 80 kg.’
‘What is the width of the desk?’ ‘It is 2 meters wide.’
The length of a running track is 440 yards or 400 m.
Jim has gained weight – he was 75kg but he’s now 83kg.
I measured the line with a ruler. It was 6 cm long.
I weighed my suitcase on the scale. It was 20 kg.
a few
)‫قليل(للمعدود‬
Tom doesn’t have many eggs in his kitchen – just a few.
24
a little
)‫قليل(لغير المعدود‬
‘Is there any sugar?’ ‘Yes, but not much. Just a little.’
25
a lot
‫كثير‬
‘Can I have some of your coffee?’ ‘Sure, I have a lot.’
26
by / (x)
27
30
fat (adj)
many
much
thick (adj)
31
thin (adj)
29
32
33
34
1 yard = 36 inches
If you want‫غذائية‬
to lose
‫ حمية‬weight, you should diet.
23
28
1 m = 1000 mm
1 cm = 10 mm
(with count nouns)
≠ a lot, many
(with noncount
nouns) ≠ a lot
(with count + noncount nouns)
‫سمين‬
Jim is 6ft. tall and weighs 250 pounds. He is very fat.
94ft by 50ft
= 94ft x 50ft
≠ thin
)‫كثير(للمعدود‬
‘How many apples are there?’ ‘Only 2 or 3. Not many.’
(with count nouns)
‘Do you have a lot of work to do?’ ‘ No, not much.’
(with noncount nouns)
‫سميك‬
There are thick white lines in the middle of the road.
‫نحيف‬
Bob is very tall but he weighs only 55kg. He is very thin.
≠ thin
≠ fat (person(, thick
(thing)
)‫ضرب (عملية حسابية‬
)‫كثير(لغير المعدود‬
A basketball court measures 94 ft. by 50 ft.
Symbols
”
The pen is 6” long.
ˈ
Tom is 6’ tall.
x
The pool is 8m x 25m.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
= inches
= feet
= by; times
38
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13 2 Grammar
1.
Using adjective + THAT-clause
(L1. Pg.19)
Use this to express positive and negative certainty.
Subject
Adjective
I’m
certain
You’re
(not)
She’s
THAT-clause
I locked the door.
(that)
positive
you finished your work.
she will be on time.
Note: you can use that or remove it.
‫ أو حذفها‬that ‫ تستطيع استخدام كلمة‬:‫مالحظة‬
Questions
Subject
2.
sure
‫ للتعبير عن تأكيد مثبت أو منفي‬that ‫استخدم الصفة مع عبارة‬
Are
you / they
Is
he / she / it
Adjective
THAT - clause
certain
sure
they locked the door?
(that)
positive
you finished your work?
she will be on time?
Using superlative adverbs
(L1. Pg. 25)
Use the –est superlative form of adverbs when comparing 3 or more people or things.
‫ في جملة الحال عند المقارنة بين ثالثة أو أكثر سوأ كانوا أشخاص أو أشياء‬-est ‫استخدم التفضيل بإضافة‬
Subject
Verb
Adverb
Gary
drives
quickly.
Wendy
drives
quicker than
Gary.
Jane
drives
the quickest.
(of all.)
E.g.
Ahmed walks slowly.
Bander walks slower than Ahmed.
Rakan walks the slowest.
3.
Making compound nouns
(L2. Pg.41)
Add two (or more) nouns together to make a compound noun.
compound noun ‫أضف إسميين أو أكثر مع بعض لتكوين‬
Hassan is an Officer in the RSAF. He is an RSAF Officer.
compound
noun
This is a book about grammar. It’s a grammar book.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
4.
Using could to politely ask permission
Use could to make polite requests.
(L2. Pg.48)
‫ لطلب شيء ما بشكل مؤدب‬could ‫استخدم‬
Questions
Answers
Could
May
Can
Yes answers
Yes, you can.
Certainly.
Of course.
Sure.
I please see your ID?
we get some water
please?
Grammar
No answers
No, you can’t.
I’m sorry. You can’t.
Sorry, but…
Add please to make requests even
more polite.
‫ لجعل الطلب أكثر احتراما‬please ‫أضف كلمة‬
5.
Modal Review
l‫مراجعة االفعال الناقصة‬
Modals
can
be able to
can
may
Purpose
talk about ability and
100% possibility
‫للتحدث عن القدرة واالحتمالية‬
%100 ‫بنسبة‬
Examples
ask for and give
permission
Can/May I use your phone?
I can swim for a mile.
He’s able to speak French.
Yes, you can use it.
could
‫للسؤال عن أو إعطاء اإلذن‬
Could I borrow your umbrella?
may
express 50% possibility
I may go shopping after work.
might
It might rain at the weekend.
could
‫للتعبير عن االحتمالية بنسبة‬
50%
could
talk about past ability
be able to
6.
(L2. Pg.52)
Hurry - we could miss the train.
He couldn’t take the last yesterday.
‫ للتعبير عن قدرات في الماضي‬He wasn’t able to go to work last week.
A person who teaches is a teacher
(L3. Pg.66)
The suffix –er or –or means ‘a person who…’ or ‘something that...’
)‫ لإلشارة للفاعل بإشتقاق اسمه من الفعل (لعب = العب‬or ‫ أو‬er ‫استخدم اللواحق في نهاية الكلمة سوأ كانت‬
A person who drives a taxi is a taxi driver.
A person who sings is a singer.
A person who reports news is a news reporter.
Add -er/-or to the verbs
‫ لألفعال‬or ‫ أو‬er ‫أضف‬
A machine that freezes things is a freezer.
A machine that washes dishes is a dishwasher.
People …
traveller, writer,
swimmer, gardener,
manager, smoker,
dancer, collector
Things …
recorder, shaver,
marker, hair dryer,
timer, hanger, lighter,
refrigerator
Something that heats a room is a heater.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
7.
Grammar
Using modal verbs in reported speech
(L3. Pg.70)
Use reported speech to tell someone what another person said.
‫استخدم الكالم المنقول إلخبار احدهم عن ما قاله شخص أخر‬
Are you going to
drive to Riyadh,
Ryan?
What did
Ryan say?
The weather is
very bad now, so I
may drive later on.
‫ في الكالم المنقول يتم تغير شكل الفعل الناقص‬:‫مالحظة‬
we‫ و‬I ‫أيضا يتم تغير الضميرين‬
In reported speech, change the modal verb.
Also, change I and we.
Direct
Reported
Speech
speech
Direct Speech
Reported speech
may / might → might
can / could → could
am/is/are able to → was/were able to
→ They said they were able to help us.
“She could be at home.”
8.
He said the
weather is bad,
but he might
drive later.
I
we
→ he / she
→ we / they
“I can swim.” → He
said he could swim.
“We’re able to help you.”
→ He said she could be at home.
“They may speak English.”
→ He said they might speak English.
“I’m able to do the task.”
→ She said she was able to do the task.
Using separable phrasal verbs
(L3. Pg.78)
A phrasal verb is a phrase made of a verb + preposition.
Examples: turn on, get off, get on, look up, take off.
‫ حروف جر‬+ ‫االفعال المركبة هي عبارة عن أفعال‬
With some phrasal verbs, …
a) you can put the object after the
preposition … or
He
turned
on
the radio.
He
turned
the radio
on.
He
turned
it
on.
‫تستطيع وضع المفعول به بعد حرف الجر‬
b( … you can put the object between the
verb and preposition.
‫تستطيع وضع المفعول به بين الفعل وحرف الجر‬
c) A pronoun object always goes between
the verb and preposition.
‫ضمير المفعول به دائما ً يكون بين الفعل وحرف الجر‬
Don’t wake up the baby.
She took off her jacket.
Don’t wake the baby up.
She took her jacket off.
Don’t wake her up.
She took it off.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
41
Issue No. 1.0
Book 13
9.
Grammar
The conditional: General truths and commands
‫ الحقائق العامة و األوامر‬:‫الشرط‬
(L4. Pg.92)
If +Present Simple
If + ‫المضارع البسيط‬
if clause (condition)
main clause
If you put ice in water,
it melts.
If people don’t sleep,
they’ll feel tired.
If you want to pass the test,
study every day!
Something that is generally true: Present Simple
or, will / can + Verb 1
‫ التصريف االول للفعل‬+ will/ can/ ‫ نستخدم المضارع البسيط أو‬: ‫في الحقائق العامة‬
A command or advice: Verb 1
‫ نستخدم التصريف األول‬:‫لألمر أو النصيحة‬
The if clause can also go after the main clause.
You can hurt your eyes if you look at the sun.
10. Asking questions with How + adjective
(L4. Pg.100)
There are two ways to ask about someone’s (or something’s( size, age, weight and temperature.
‫هناك طريقتين للسؤال عن عمر االشخاص وأوزانهم أو عن حجم الشيء ووزنه أو درجة حرارته‬
How + adjective
What + noun
How hot / cold is the water?
→ What’s its temperature?
How deep is the lake?
→ What’s its depth?
How far is Abha from Tabuk?
→ What’s the distance?
How heavy is the box?
→ What’s the weight of the …?
*How high / tall is that hill?
→ What’s its height?
How long is this river?
→ What’s its length?
How old is this mosque?
→ What’s the age of the …?
How wide is a football field?
→ What’s its width?
Use tall to talk about people and narrow things (a tall tree).
Use high to talk about mountains and things above the ground.
Use both tall and high to talk about buildings.
if ‫تذكرــ استخدم المضارع البسيط في جملة‬
11. Using indefinite pronouns
(L4. Pg.104)
(Countable
and/uncountable)
a lot of / any
some pens / milk? Count & non-count
nouns
a few / many
children?
Count nouns
(Countable
Do you have
)
(Uncountabletime?
a little / much
Non-count nouns
)
a lot.
a lot.
many.
many.
some.
much.
a few.
I have
I don’t have
a few.
a little.
any.
none.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
42
Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L2b-GRM/VOC-RB
43
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14
Book 15
Book 16
Book 17
Name: _________________________
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 14
Grammar
Book 14
Vocabulary
Book 15
Grammar
Book 15
Vocabulary
Book 16
Grammar
Book 16
Vocabulary
Book 17
Grammar
Book 17
Additional vocabulary
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
2
8
14
20
25
30
37
43
51
0
DLI American Language Course
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Issue No. 1.0
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Tips on using this booklet
Use this booklet at home and after to class revise what ‫ هذا‬.‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما تعلمته مع معلمك‬
you learn in class. Use your main coursebook in class.
.‫الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the grammar and words
here, you must practice using them with your
teacher. To get a 60 in the ALCPT, you need to know
how words are used in sentences, and do this very
fast. Memorising a list and translations will not get
‫ عليك ان تمارس استخدامهم مع‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫ حتى تحصل على‬.‫معلمك‬
‫ مجرد حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60 ‫ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
you a 60 in the ALCPT.
Test yourself and your friends – ask for the spelling,
example sentence, similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة الكلمات‬
.‫ عكسها او مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬,‫مرادفاتها‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in the ALCPT, you
need more words than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the Additional Vocabulary
Notes section.
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات‬ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها في‬.‫عن ما هو متوفر في هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes ‫قسم‬
Key
adjective clause
‫جملة صفة‬
indefinite pronouns
adverb
‫حال‬
negative
clause
‫شبة جملة‬
past participle
‫الضمائر المجهولة‬
‫نفي‬
‫التصريف الثالث للفعل‬
command
‫أمر‬
positive
‫إثبات‬
comparative
‫مقارنة‬
possibility
‫اإلحتمالية‬
conditional
‫شرط‬
purpose
‫الغرض‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
present perfect
‫المضارع التام‬
example
‫مثال‬
present perfect
progressive
‫المضارع التام المستمر‬
express
‫تعبير‬
preposition
‫حرف الجر‬
gerund
‫الجواب‬
reported speech
‫الكالم المنقول‬
infinitive
to-infinitive
‫مجرد‬
requests
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
1
‫طلب‬
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Nouns
1
armed forces (n) ‫القوات المسلحة‬
2
assignment (n)
3
bar (n)
‫شارة‬
chance (n)
‫فرصة‬
duty (n)
‫مسؤولية‬/‫واجب‬/‫عمل‬
follow-on training (FOT) (n)
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
‫ واجب‬/ ‫مهمة‬
‫تمارين إلحاقيه‬
force (n)
‫قوة‬
grade (n)
‫ درجة‬/‫مستوى‬
insignia (n)
)‫موضع الرتبة (البليته‬
Marine Corps (n) ‫قوات البحرية‬
‫الخاصة‬
= similar meaning ≠opposites
The armed forces work hard to keep the country safe. = the military in a country
= a piece of work for the
His next assignment will be in Afghanistan.
military, a tour
A gold bar is one of the insignia in the U.S. Army.
Joseph got the chance to do some weapons training.
= opportunity
All soldiers must be ready for duty at 6:00 a.m.
= work, responsibilities
They assigned Jack to a follow-on-training base.
= extra training
The Air Force, Navy and Army are military forces.
= parts of the military
A junior grade is lower than a senior grade.
= level
Insignia is often on the shoulder of the uniform.
= signs of a rank
It’s very difficult to join the Marine Corps.
= a special military force
‫فرصة‬
If you have the opportunity to go to Canada, take it.
= chance
12
opportunity (n)
personnel (n)
‫أفراد‬
100,000 personnel work in the Air Force.
= people, employees
13
promotion (n)
‫ترقية‬
He got a promotion last month. He’s a general now!
14
recruit (n)
‫تجنيد‬
300 new recruits arrived at the base this morning.
15
retirement (n)
‫تقاعد‬
My uncle is 68 and is enjoying his retirement.
16
service (n)
‫خدمة‬
Some young people join the service after leaving school.
17
station (n)
‫ تعيين‬/ ‫يرابط‬
Ahmed’s station is at the base in West Virginia.
18
training (n)
‫تدريب‬
Yesterday’s weapons training was hard work.
11
= get a higher rank /
grade
= a new soldier
= when you have finished
working
= armed forces
= military base or place of
work
= time when people learn
new things
Verbs
= give someone duties or
tasks
= be given duties or tasks
= get a promotion, get a
higher rank
= to live and work on a
military base
= be ready for; want to do
something
19
assign (v)
‫يكلف‬
Please assign “D” company to work with Sgt. Haddy.
20
be assigned (v)
‫يتم تكليفه‬
“D” company was assigned to work with Sgt. Haddy.
21
be promoted (v) ‫يترقى‬
I was promoted last year. I am now a Sergeant.
22
be stationed (v) ‫يتعين‬
The Marine Corps are stationed in South Carolina.
23
be up for (v) ‫يريد فعل شيء ما‬/ ‫جاهز‬
Are you up for a coffee at Starbucks tomorrow?
24
enlist (v)
Captain Johnson enlisted at the age of 21.
25
promote (v)
‫يرقي‬
They will probably promote Sergeant Smith soon.
26
serve (v)
‫يخدم‬
General Baldwin served the USA for twenty years.
27
train (v)
‫يدرب‬
Colonel Bird is training the new recruits.
‫متقدم‬
My cousin has an advanced degree in mathematics.
= high level, top
‫ أساسي‬/‫مبتدئ‬
I only know basic things about weapons.
= first level, simple
‫مجند‬
Every army has many enlisted men.
‫متقاعد‬
After a long military career, David is now retired.
= in the armed forces
= not working any more
(after age 60)
‫ينضم للخدمة العسكرية‬
Adjectives
28 advanced (adj)
29 basic (adj)
30 enlisted (adj)
31
retired (adj)
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
2
= join the armed forces
= give someone a higher
rank
= to do military duty for
your country
= to teach someone to do
something
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
Lesson 2
Nouns
1
barn (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫حظيرة حيوانات‬
We use our barn to keep animals warm in winter.
= a large building on a farm
= a flower on a tree (comes in
spring)
= a road or path built over a
river or road
2
blossom (n)
‫زهرالربيع‬
The apple tree is covered in pink blossom.
3
bridge (n)
‫جسر‬
The driver used the bridge to cross the river.
4
‫ثور‬
We bought a new bull at the market.
= adult male cow
‫كوخ‬
We spend weekends in our cabin in the forest.
= small house made of wood
‫عجل‬
Our red cow had two calves this year.
= baby cow
‫قطيع أبقار‬
He has a ranch where he keeps 500 cattle.
= a group of cows
‫بقرة‬
Cows give us milk and meat.
A cow is an animal.
‫محصول‬
In Asia, the rice crop was excellent this year.
e.g. wheat, corn, oats
‫دمار‬
The storm caused destruction to our crops.
= they were destroyed
11
bull (n)
cabin (n)
calf / calves (n)
cattle (n)
cow (n)
crop (n)
destruction (n)
dirt (n)
‫تراب‬
I had dirt on my hands, so I washed them.
= dust , mud
12
farm (n)
‫مزرعة‬
This farm was my father’s in the past.
13
farmer (n)
‫مزارع‬
Jim is a farmer – he has 200 cows and 150 sheep.
14
forest (n)
‫غابة‬
The forest near our city is hundreds of years old.
15
harvest (n)
‫حصاد‬
Finishing the harvest on our farm takes 3 weeks.
16
‫حصان‬
Arabian horses are famous. They often win races.
17
horse (n)
location (n)
‫موقع‬
The location of my office is in a really bad area.
18
picnic (n)‫ كشته‬/ ‫نزهة مصحوبة بالطعام‬
We went to the forest for a picnic with my aunt.
19
plant (n)
‫نبات‬
She has so many beautiful plants in her home.
20
ranch (n)
‫مزرعة مواشي‬
He is looking for a job on my cousin’s ranch.
21
22
rancher (n) ‫ عامل في مزرعة المواشي‬Ranchers spend much of their time outside.
I don’t like seeing my own reflection.
reflection (n)
‫انعكاس‬
23
sheep (n)
24
silo (n)
25
valley (n)
‫وادي‬
We drove through the valley on our way to town.
26
wheat (n)
‫قمح‬
There are many fields of wheat near our house.
5
6
7
8
9
10
‫أغنام‬
My uncle says that sheep are useful animals.
‫مستودع تخزين الحبوب‬
They put the crops in the silo after the harvest.
= place where farmers grow
crops
= person who owns or works
on a farm
= an area with lots of trees
= the crops that come out of
the fields
A horse is an animal.
= place
= a lunch we eat outside / in a
park
e.g. flower, tree
= place we raise cattle or
horses
= person who works on a ranch
= what you see in the mirror
Sheep are animals. We get wool
from them.
= a tall, round building for
storing crops
= lower land between hills
Wheat is a crop. We make
bread with it.
Verbs
27
be born (v)
‫يُولد‬
My grandmother was born in Boston in 1939.
28
‫ يزهر‬/‫يتفتح‬
When flowers open we say they are blooming.
‫يزهر الشجر‬
The fruit trees always blossom in spring.
= when trees produce a flower
30
bloom (v)
blossom (v)
destroy (v)
= when a baby comes into the
world
= to open, to grow
‫يدمر‬
Many buildings were destroyed in the war.
31
graze (v)
‫يرعى‬
Maria’s cows grazed in the field.
32
harvest (v)
‫يجني‬
First we harvested the wheat, then the potatoes.
33
light (past = lit) (v)
= damage very badly
= when cows or horses eat
grass
= to cut crops, take them out of
the field
= start a fire or burn
something
34
locate (v)
29
‫يُشعل‬
Joe’s father was angry when he lit a cigarette.
‫يُحدد موقع‬
Can you locate our house on the map, George?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
3
= find
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
36
make (past = made) (v) ‫يجعل‬
plant (v)
‫يزرع‬
37
raise (v)
35
‫ ينمي‬/ ‫يربي‬
The lovely flowers made Alan’s wife feel happy.
= cause
Scott planted wheat on his farm this year.
We raised some beautiful horses on our ranch.
= help crops, animals or people grow
The water in the lake reflects the sky.
= put in the ground to grow
reflect (v)
‫يعكس‬
take care of (past = took, pp
39
Parents must take care of their children.
= taken) (v)
‫ يهتم‬/ ‫يعتني‬
Adjectives & Adverbs
38
= be careful with,
look after
= more than is nice
≠ a lot
= much ≠ a little
40
a little (adv)
‫قليل‬
I’m sorry, but this soup is a little salty.
41
‫الكثير‬
He studies a lot at weekends to get a good grade.
‫انحاء‬
I will show you around Berlin when you visit.
‫ بشكل مبالغ‬/ً‫جدا‬
Talal is always extremely polite.
= very
44
a lot (adv)
around (adv)
extremely (adv)
much (adv)
‫كثير‬
This pizza is much better than last week’s.
= a lot
45
probably (adv)
‫محتمل‬
My father says it will probably rain this evening.
46
rather (adv)
‫نوعا ما‬
Tom is rather lazy. He doesn’t want to work hard.
‫ غزير‬/‫كثيف‬
The forest is think – the trees are close together.
= very likely (80%)
≠ unlikely (20%)
= quite, very
≠ not so/very
≠ thin
Do ‫عندما‬
you remember when you first met your wife?
= a specific time
I want
‫ حيث‬to live in a house where I can keep pets.
= a specific place
42
43
thick (adj)
48 when (adv)
49 where (adv)
Other words
47
50
a green thumb
‫مزارع ماهر‬
Maxine has a green thumb – her garden is great!
= a person who is good at growing plants
51
because of
in (full) bloom
‫نتيجة لـ‬
We couldn’t play sport because of the weather.
‫مزهر بشكل كامل‬
The trees in her garden are now in full bloom. = all the flowers have grown
52
Lesson 3
Nouns
= as a result of, due to
= similar meaning ≠opposites
1
birth (n)
‫والدة‬
My son’s birth was very difficult – it took 12
hours!
2
birthday (n)
‫يوم ميالد‬
Oliver’s birthday is 9 August.
3
candle (n)
‫شمعة‬
When the electricity failed, Jill lit some candles.
4
certificate (n)
‫شهادة‬
5
7
couple (n)
couple (n)
gift (v)
8
9
‫بعض‬
After their wedding, Sue and Tim got a marriage
certificate.
Do you have a couple of minutes to talk to me?
= the date when you were
born
= used for light when there is
no electricity
Examples: birth / marriage
certificate
= two / a few
‫زوجين‬
Sally and Chris are a lovely couple.
= two people in a relationship
‫هدية‬
They gave me a beautiful gift for my birthday.
luck (n)
‫حظ‬
“I lost the tennis match”.
‫هدية‬
12
present (n)
song (n)
surprise (n)
turn (n)
13
volume (n)
‫مستوى الصوت‬
We gave Steven a new watch as a present.
I listen to my favorite song every week.
It was a big surprise when he won the golf match.
It is your turn to clean the apartment.
The volume of the music in the restaurant was
high.
= present
Examples: good luck, bad luck,
lots of luck
= gift
6
10
11
‫أغنية‬
‫مفاجأة‬
‫دور‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
4
“Oh, bad luck”!
= something we do not expect
= my go, your go
= how loud it is
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
Verbs
14 afford (v)
15 be born (v)
16
believe (in) (v)
‫مقتدر ماليا‬
We can’t afford to go on vacation this year.
= have enough money
‫يُولد‬
Philip was born at a hospital in Detroit.
= when a new baby comes
‫يؤمن‬
I believe in serving my country.
= to be very sure about
something
Lily blew out all 50 candles on her birthday cake.
= make the fire go out
Please come over and see me when you have time.
= visit
Please continue to work after you finish your lunch.
= start again after stopping
John continued working until 8:00 p.m.
= keep doing something
My sister was in town, so she dropped by my house.
= to visit for a short time
21
blow out (past = blew, pp =
blown) (v)
‫يطفئ‬
come over (past = came, pp =
come) (v)
‫يزور‬
continue (v)
‫يتبع‬
continue (v)
‫يستمر‬
drop by (v) ‫يزور زيارة خفيفة (على‬
22
drop in (v))‫ يزور زيارة خفيفة (مخطط لها‬Please drop in to see Mary when you have time.
= to go to see someone, to
visit
23
go (past = went, pp = gone)
(over) (v)
‫يزور قاصدا‬
Yesterday we went over to a friend’s house for food
.
= go to visit
24
look forward to (v)‫يتطلع‬
The cadets were looking forward to their vacation.
= to wait happily for
something
25
must (be) (v)
Bob must be retiring soon. He’s served over 35
years!
26
sing (past = sang, pp = sung)
17
18
19
20
)‫طريقه‬
(v)
‫يجب‬
‫ ينشد‬/‫يغني‬
28
take (past = took, pp =
taken) (turns) (v) ‫يأخذ بالدور‬
turn down (v)
‫يُخفض‬
29
turn up (v)
‫ يزيد‬/‫يرفع‬
30
turn up (v)
‫يظهر‬
31
wrap (v)
27
‫يغلف‬
Adjectives & Adverbs
32 broke (adj)
‫ُمفلس‬
The soldiers sang on the flight home.
We can’t all go at one time. We have to take turns.
= go one by one
The music is too loud! Please turn down the volume.
= reduce
= increase
≠ turn down
Ally turned up the volume so he could hear the
news.
“I can’t find my money!” “Don’t worry, it will turn
up”.
We wrapped her present carefully.
= appear
= cover something in paper
I can’t afford to travel this summer. I’m broke.
= not have money
(1) My new bed is comfortable. I love it. ‫مريح‬
≠ uncomfortable
(2) Mr Hill isn’t comfortable about his son’s new friends.‫مرتاح‬
= relaxed
(1) People in some African countries are poor. ‫ ≠ فقير‬rich
(2) My poor sister studied hard, but failed her test. ‫ = غير محظوظ‬unfortunate
(3) John’s marks were poor – he needs to study. ‫سيء‬
= low (marks)
33
comfortable (adj)
34
poor (adj)
35
poorly (adv )
‫بشكل سيء‬
36
pretty (adv)
‫نوعا ما‬
37
‫فخور‬
38
proud (adj)
proudly (adv)
My drive home was pretty difficult because of the
rain.
Billy felt proud of his promotion at work.
‫ اعتزاز‬/‫بفخر‬
Sam proudly gave his mother his driving test results.
39
rich (adj)
‫غني‬
Dr Adams is very rich. He owns a private hospital.
40
scared (adj)
‫خائف‬
My daughter is scared of the children in our street.
41
soft (adj)
softly (adv)
‫هادئ‬
Now, many restaurants play soft music at weekends.
= happily
= have lots of money ≠
poor
= very worried
≠ relaxed
= not loud, fast or hard
‫ بهدوء‬/ ‫بنعومة‬
Gary spoke softly to his children before they slept.
= quietly, gently
42
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Barry did his work poorly, so his manager was angry.
5
= badly
≠ well
= quite
= very pleased
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
43
(1) These wooden chairs are so uncomfortable! ‫غير مريح‬
(2) I feel uncomfortable talking about my child’s future. ‫غير مرتاح‬
uncomfortable (adj)
Other words
44 all
45 beside (prep)
46
besides
47
from now on
48
underneath (prep)
‫ كل‬/‫جميع‬
The cadets all finished their training.
‫بجانب‬
Perry sat beside my sister at my party.
= next to
(1) Let’s stay on – I’m tired. Besides, the weather is bad. ‫ = على كل‬anyway
(2) Besides apples, Pavel eats a lot of oranges. ‫ = باإلضافة الى‬in addition to, also
= from this time into
All students must work hard from now on.
the future
= under, below
You should keep your bag underneath your desk.
≠ on top of
‫من اآلن فصاعدا‬
Lesson 4
Nouns
1
computer (n)
2
e-mail (n)
‫ أسفل‬/‫تحت‬
= everyone
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫حاسب آلي‬
Life without computers would be very difficult.
‫بريد الكتروني‬
The manager answers 100 e-mails every day.
3
fare (n)
‫أُجره‬
The bus fare to Los Angeles was less than 30 dollars.
4
group (n)
‫مجموعة‬
A large group of friends went to the baseball match.
5
internet (n)
‫االنترنت‬
Abdullah uses the internet every day to get news.
6
passenger (n)
‫راكب‬
The passengers were very happy with the new train.
7
promise (n)
‫وعد‬
Always keep your promises. Don’t break them.
8
I’m thirsty – where are the refreshments?
9
refreshment (n) ‫مرطبات‬
report (n)
‫تقرير‬
10
seat (n)
‫مقعد‬
Sorry, but that is my seat. I have a reservation.
11
smell (n)
‫رائحة‬
I love the smell of cooked meat.
12
taste (n)
‫ مذاق‬/‫طعم‬
This cake has a wonderful taste. It’s very sweet!
13
tour (n)
‫جولة‬
We went on a tour to London and Paris.
14
tourist (n)
‫سائح‬
Many tourists go to the beach in the summer.
15
website (n)
‫موقع الكتروني‬
You can buy your ticket on the website.
= electronic mail
= the money we pay for
a bus, train, etc
= a number of people
or things
= a person who travels
on a bus, train, plane
= when you say you
will do something
= food and drinks
Joe wrote a report about his business trip to Ohio.
= the place we sit in a
bus, plane, train
Example: sweet, salty,
bitter, sour
= a trip / holiday
around a city of country
= person who goes to a
place on holiday
e.g. www.gmc.com
Verbs
16
attempt (to) (v)
‫يحاول‬
John attempted to finish his work early – but he didn’t.
17
board (v)
‫صعود على متن‬
Come on! It’s time to board our plane.
18
cancel (v)
‫يلغي‬
Today’s meeting was cancelled. Let’s meet tomorrow.
19
e-mail (v)
20
ought to (v)
‫يجب‬
She ought to study more. She might not pass her test.
21
promise (to) (v)
‫يعد بأن‬
She promised to marry me when she finishes college.
22
23
24
‫يرسل بالبريد االلكتروني‬
put aside (past = put, pp =
put) (v)
‫يدخر‬
report (v)
‫يكتب تقرير‬
smell (v)
‫يشم‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Please e-mail me all the documents.
= try to do something
= to get onto the train
/ plane
= to send someone an
electronic mail
= should
= say you will do
something
Tom put aside money every month for his vacation.
= to save (money)
Madison reported on the cadets’ English levels.
= write a report
I smell fresh bread and cheese. It is breakfast time!
We smell with our
6
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
nose.
25
take a chance (v) ‫ينتهز الفرصة‬
The bank offered Rosie a job – so she took the chance.
26
taste (v)
Can you taste any salt in your food? I can’t.
‫يتذوق‬
tour (v)
‫يذهب في جولة‬
Adjectives & Adverbs
28 accidental (adj)
‫من غير قصد‬
27
We toured Mexico for two months in Winter.
We taste with our
tongue.
= travel around a place
Sorry for breaking the glass – it was accidental!
≠ on purpose
29
accidentally (adv) ‫بالخطاء‬
Jesse accidentally broke his mother’s favorite plate.
30
‫أفضل من‬
Germany is better than China at football.
31
better (adj)
best (adv)
‫األفضل‬
The best teacher in our school is Mr Black.
32
foreign (adj)
‫أجنبي‬
We wanted a foreign holiday so we went to Mexico.
33
lucky (adj)
‫محظوظ‬
We are lucky to have such wonderful parents.
34
online (adj / adv)
‫على االنترنت‬
35
rough (adj)
36
smooth (adj)
Bill buys his clothes online – he doesn’t go to shops.
(1) I don’t like this wool sweater – it’s very rough. ‫خشن‬
(2) The weather was bad - they had a rough drive. / ‫وعر‬
‫صعب‬
(1) The new road is very flat and smooth. ‫معبَد بشكل جيد‬
(2) The drive to Los Angeles was very smooth. ‫مريح‬
(1) David’s driving test went very smoothly. ‫بدون مشاكل‬
37
smoothly (adv)
(2) Sam moved her hand smoothly across the paper.
‫بسالسة‬
Other words and phrases
38 abroad (adv)
‫بالخارج‬
39 by (no later than))‫على (ليس بعد‬
= take an opportunity
Sam often travels abroad – he likes foreign places.
= by accident
≠ on purpose
= a higher level
= the top, number 1
= about a different
country
= have good luck,
fortunate
= on the internet
≠ smooth
= uncomfortable
≠ rough
= comfortable
= without problems
= in different countries
Make sure you complete your assignment by 11.00.
40
by accident
‫من دون قصد‬
I broke the plate by accident – I didn’t mean to!
41
by chance
‫بالصدفة‬
We were in London and met the Smiths by chance!
42
'I'm tired. I’m going to bed as soon as I finish this.
We finished the preparations just as the visitors arrived.
= at the same time
44
as soon as
‫بمجرد ان‬
just as
‫في نفس الوقت‬
on (using) )‫على(لالستخدام و ليس للمكان‬
= accidentally, by
chance ≠ on purpose
= not planned, by
accident
= immediately after
45
on and on
‫بشكل مستمر‬
The sports match went on and on. It was very boring!
46
worse
worst
‫أسوأ من‬
The weather on Saturday was worse than on Friday.
= continue for a long
time
≠ better
‫األسوأ‬
That is the worst movie I have ever seen – it’s terrible!
≠ best
43
47
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Get on the internet and find a hotel for the weekend!
7
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
1.
Future progressive: will + BE + verb-ing
(L1. Pg.8)
Use this to describe ongoing actions that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.
9am
Present
(3pm Tuesday)
Questions
Wh-
What
2.
Future
(10am
Wednesday)
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لوصف االحداث المستمرة التي ستحدث في وقت ما في المستقبل‬
11am
At 10am, I’ll be driving to Riyadh.
Subject
will
BE
I / He / She They
/ We / You
Ahmad / It
will
be
will
Subject
BE
Will
I / he / she they
/ we / you
Ahmad / it
be
will
I / he / she they
/ we / you
Ahmad / it
be
verb-ing
detail
studying
tonight.
arriving
at 7pm.
verb-ing
detail
studying
tonight?
arriving
at 7pm?
studying
tonight?
arriving
at 7pm?
2.
Using as + adjective + as to express equality
(L1. Pg.17)
Use this to compare 2 things that are the same in some way.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لمقارنة شيئين متشابهين او مختلفين في الصفة‬
Subject 1
3.
as + adjective + as
Subject 2
2 things
James
is
as tall as
Rakan.
gs
...the same
England
isn’t
as big as
Saudi Arabia.
…different
Using as + adverb + as to express equality
You can also use as + adverb + as with verbs.
(L1. Pg.23)
‫تستطيع ايضا ان تستخدم الحال مع االفعال للمقارنة بالتشابه او االختالف‬
Subject 1
Verb
as + adverb + as
Subject 2
2 things
I
can run
as fast as
my brother.
Susie
gets up
as early as
Mona.
gs
… same
...the
I
can’t run
as fast as
Usain Bolt.
Susie
doesn’t get up
as early as
me.
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8
…different
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
4.
Using just and soon
(L1. Pg.29)
Use just to talk about an action that finished a short time ago. .‫ للتعبير عن حدث انتهى قبل وقت قصير‬just ‫تستطيع استخدام‬
Subject
just
Verb
I / You / We They / He / She / It
I / You / We / They
have
He / She / It
has
detail
eat
just
dinner.
eaten
Put just before the main verb
‫ قبل الفعل الرئيسي‬just ‫ضع‬
Questions
Subject
just
Did
I / you / we / they / he / she / it
Have
I / you / we / they
Has
he / she / it
Verb
detail
ate
just
dinner?
eaten
Use soon to talk about an action that will finish in the near future. Use soon with future tenses.
‫ استخدمها في زمن المستقبل‬.‫ للتعبير عن االحداث التي ستنتهي في المستقبل القريب‬soon ‫استخدم‬
Subject
will
I / You / We / They
He / She / It
Question
will
Will
5.
will
Verb + detail
graduate from the TSI
go home
Subject
Verb + detail
I / you / we / they
graduate from the TSI
he / she / it
go home
soon
soon.
soon
soon?
Adverbs of degrees
(L2. Pg.44)
Use adverbs of degrees to modify adjectives and adverbs.
‫ إلضافة قو ٍة لمعنى الصفة و الحال‬adverbs of degrees ‫استخدم‬
Subject + verb
Adverb of degrees
I’m
extremely
happy. (adj)
very
really
He drives
well. (adv)
quite
rather
quite and rather are less strong
‫هاتان الكلمتان اقل قوة في المعنى‬
Use a little and terribly for something unpleasant
‫استخدم هاتان الكلمتان للشيء الغير جيد‬
This soup tastes
a little
salty. (adj)
The music sounds
terribly
loud. (adj)
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9
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
6.
Describing with when and where clauses
(L2. Pg.49)
An adjective clause describes a word before it. A clause with where describes a word about a place; a clause
with when describe a word about time.
‫ لوصف كلمة‬where ‫ استخدم‬.‫شبه الجملة الوصفية تصف كلمة قبلها‬
‫ لوصف كلمة خاصة بالزمان‬when ‫خاصة بالمكان و استخدم‬
Adjective clause
1998
is
I remember
the year
when I was born.
the days
when I could sleep in until 10am.
An adjective clause follows the word it describes
‫شبه الجملة الوصفية تتبع ما تصفه‬
Chicago
is
Yesterday we ate at
7.
the city
where I was born.
a restaurant
where the drinks were free.
‫ الحقائق في الزمن المضارع‬:‫المزيد من الجمل الشرطية‬
More conditionals: True in the present
IF clause
(L2. Pg.55)
Main clause
you’ll find him
If you’re looking for Bob,
you should look
(If + present progressive)
in the Mess Hall.
look
You can use the future, modals, or a command in the main clause.
‫بإمكانك استخدام زمن المستقبل او االفعال الناقصة او االمر في شبه الجملة الرئيسية‬
IF clause
Main clause
you’re coming
If you haven’t found Bob yet,
you must come
(If + present perfect)
8.
with me.
come
Using gerunds as the subject of a sentence
(L3. Pg.66)
You can use a gerund (Verb-ing) as the subject of a sentence.
‫ قبل الفعل‬not ‫ الحظ انه في حالة النفي اضف‬.‫ كفاعل للجملة‬ing + ‫تستطيع استخدام الفعل‬
Gerund (Subject)
detail
Running
Verb
details
is
a sport I like.
Not listening
to music
is
dull.
Taking
a walk
makes
me happy.
Sitting
in a classroom
isn’t
much fun.
are
activities I enjoy.
Reading and studying
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10
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
9.
Using gerunds after prepositions
(L3.Pg.72)
We often use gerunds after prepositions. ‫ بعد الحروف‬ing + ‫عادة نستخدم الفعل‬
Subject
Verb
prepositions
Gerund + detail
apologize
for
not calling yesterday.
care
about
passing the ALCPT.
have been worried
about
going to the dentist.
am fond
of
taking a nap.
I
Here are some phrases that a gerund can follow:
You should be proud of passing the ALCPT.
I apologize for spilling your drink.
Verb + Preposition
BE + Adjective + Preposition
apologize for
be proud of
be afraid of
care about/for
be excited about
be worried about
decide on
be fond of
be nervous about
plan on
be bored of
be scared of
talk about
be happy about
be tired of
think about /of
be interested in
be frightened of
10. Using the modal must when you’re very sure
(L3. Pg.82)
We use must when we have some information about something and can make a good guess (99% sure).
‫( عن شيء ما باستخدام معلومات معروفة سلفا‬%99)‫ لتشكيل تخمين قوي‬must ‫نستطيع استخدام الفعل الناقص‬
Information received
Guess (99% sure)
You’re wet.
It
must
be
raining.
They brought 8 people.
They
must
have
a big car.
He never wears socks.
He
mustn’t
like
socks.
You aren’t eating much dinner.
You
mustn’t
be
hungry.
11. Modal review
(L3. Pg.88)
‫مراجعة لألفعال الناقصة‬
To talk about…
Modal
Examples
necessity
must
have to
You must arrive on time at work.
We have to study every day.
no necessity
not have to
You don’t have to wear a tie.
prohibition
must not
You must not smoke inside.
will
be going to
I’ll see you tomorrow.
We’re going to visit Spain next year.
could
would
can
will
Could / Would you help me, please?
Can / Will you help me, please?
Yes, I can / will.
Sorry, I can’t.
‫االهمية‬
‫عدم االهمية‬
‫المنع‬
future
‫المستقبل‬
requests
‫الطلب‬
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11
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
12. Comparing how well people do things
(L4. Pg.100)
‫مقارنة مدى اتقان الناس لعمل االشياء‬
Name
100
Examples
Mark
95
the best
Mark scored the best of all of us.
Louise
76
well
Louise scored well in the test.
Simon
38
badly
Simon scored badly.
Hannah
34
worse (than)
Hannah scored worse than Simon.
Jenny
19
the worst
Jenny got the worst score - only 19/100.
13. Using modals in reported speech
(L4. Pg.111)
Use reported speech to report what has been said.
‫استخدم الكالم المنقول للحديث عن ما تم قوله سلفا‬
Hi, Dave! Are you going to
the meeting tomorrow?
What did
Dave say?
Yes, I’ll be at the
meeting at 12pm.
He said he would
be at the meeting
at 12pm.
Modal
Dave said
(that)
I
will
be at the meeting at 12pm.
he
would
be at the meeting at 12pm.
Remember, change the pronouns and some modals reported speech (see table) .
‫ انظر الجدول التالي‬.‫تذكر ان تغير ضمير الفاعل و بعض االفعال الناقصة‬
This table shows how modals change in reported speech.
‫هذا الجدول يوضح كيف يتغير الفعل الناقص في الكالم المنقول‬
Direct speech
Reported speech
will
am / is / are going to
→
→
must (necessity)
have / has to
do / does not have to
must not (prohibition)
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
→
→
→
would
was / were going to
had to
didn’t have to
must not
12
Issue No. 1.0
Book 14 Grammar
14. Using ought to when you give advice
(L4. Pg.98)
Use ought to the same way you use should and could, but only to give advice.
‫ لكن فقط إلعطاء النصيحة‬, could ‫ و‬should ‫ بنفس طريقة استخدام‬ought to ‫استخدم‬
No, you shouldn’t. If it works to
make calls, you ought to save
your money for something
more important.
This cell phone doesn’t
have any apps. Should I
buy a new one?
Subject
I / You / He / She / We / They
Modal
Verb1
detail
ought to
go
home.
save
money.
(should)
(could)
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
13
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Vocabulary
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 1 Nouns
1
The area around the mess hall is dirty.
= space
area (n)
‫المنطقة‬
2
= low level training
basic training (n) ‫ التدريب االساسي‬All new recruits go through basic training.
3
battle dress uniform (BDUs) (n)‫فرهول‬/‫بدلة حربية‬
New recruits must wear their BDU every day.
4
The general gave a briefing to his officers.
= a talk about something
briefing (n)
‫اجتماع‬
5
I use the broom to sweep the floor in the barracks.
= brush
broom (n)
‫مكنسة‬
6
cadet (v)
7
9
Jim is sleeping in his dorm.
dorm (n)
‫حظيرة‬
drill instructor (DI) (n)
‫ رقيب السرب‬The drill instructor yelled at the cadet.
Bob is afraid of his drill sergeant.
drill sergeant (n) ‫رقيب السرب‬
10
firing range (n)
‫ميدان رماية‬
The cadets practice shooting at the firing range.
11
guard (n)
‫حارس‬
Frank is a guard at the entrance.
12
15
Listen to the officer’s instructions. Do what he says!
instruction (n)
‫تعليمات‬
Phil used the iron to iron his BDU’s.
iron (n)
‫مكواة مالبس‬
Bill used the mop to clean the floor.
mop (n)
‫ممسحة‬
physical training (PT) (n) ‫تدريب بدني‬
if you do physical training, you will get fit.
16
polish (n)
‫تلميع‬
Sam used polish to polish his boots.
sweat (n)
18 trainee (n)
Verbs
19 attend (v)
20 complain (v)
‫العرق‬
My clothes become full of sweat when I exercise.
‫متدرب‬
I began as a trainee mechanic. Now, I’m an expert.
‫يحضر‬
My family will attend my graduation.
‫يشتكي‬
The food is cold. We should complain to the waiter.
8
13
14
17
‫طالب عسكري‬
The new cadets are in basic training.
= a student in a
military school
= barracks
a place to practice
shooting weapons
A guard makes sure a
place is secure.
= order, command
= exercises
wax/liquid used to
make shoes shine
= perspiration
= be present ≠ be absent
21
crawl (v)
‫ يزحف‬/ ‫يحبو‬
The cadet crawled on his knees like a baby.
22
‫يتدرب‬
We drill every day. I’m exhausted.
23
drill (v)
enter (v)
to move on hands and
knees
= marching
‫يدخل‬
The cadet entered the hall through the back door.
= go in ≠ exit, go out
24
fall in (v)
‫ تشكيل‬/ ‫تجمع‬
When you fall in, stand in the correct position.
25
fall out (v)
‫ انصراف‬/ ‫مغادرة‬
The Sgt told us to fall out and go to our barracks.
26
‫يحرس‬
The King is safe because many soldiers guard him.
= to protect
‫ يعلم‬/ ‫يوجه‬
The Sgt instructs us what to do. Listen to him.
= train, coach, teach
28
guard (v)
instruct (v)
iron (v)
‫يكوي المالبس‬
Rob had to iron his BDU for inspection.
29
join (v)
‫ ينضم‬/ ‫يلتحق‬
I felt proud when I joined the air force.
30
march (v)
‫يمشي‬
We will march at the graduation ceremony.
31
mop (v)
‫يمسح‬
I spilt my drink so I must mop the floor.
32
polish (v)
‫يلمع‬
Tom polished his boots for inspection. They are shiny.
33
scrub (v)
‫ ينظف‬/ ‫يفرك‬
sweat (past = sweat/ sweat)
sweep (past = swept/swept)
yell (v)
‫يتكلم بصوت عال‬
We must scrub the barracks because they’re dirty.
= press
= enlist, become a
member
= walk in formation
use a mop to clean the
floor
= make something
shine
= clean thoroughly
We were sweating when we were marching.‫يعرق‬
= perspire
We must sweep that sand off the floor.‫يكنس‬
= brush
That drill sergeant yells at everyone when he’s mad.
= shout, scream
27
34
35
36
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14
= get in position (in a
military formation)
= leave position (in a
military formation)
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15
Vocabulary
Adjectives
37 everything (adj) ‫كل شيء‬
Bob is a clever student – he understands everything.
≠ nothing
38 physical (adj)
These drills will get us in the best physical shape.
related to your body
‫بدني‬
38 tough (adj)
Basic training isn’t easy – it’s very tough.
= difficult, hard ≠ easy
‫ قاسي‬/ ‫صعب‬
Other words and phrases
40 at attention
We stand at attention for the General.
≠ at ease
‫وضع االستعداد‬
41 This is killing me.
‫هذا ال يطاق‬
42 How is the food at basic training?
‫كيف الطعام في التدريب االساسي؟‬
43 How long do you do PT every day?
‫كم يستغرق تدريبك يوميا؟‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 2 Nouns
th
1
They celebrated their 50 wedding anniversary.
= annual celebration
anniversary (n) ‫ذكرى سنوية‬
2
They packed their bags for their trip.
= backpack, luggage
bag (n)
‫حقيبة‬
a meal when food is
cooked on open fire
3
barbecue (BBQ) (n) ‫شواء‬
Do you want to come to our barbecue tomorrow?
4
‫بيرة‬
You can buy non-alcoholic beer in the USA.
‫احتفال‬
We had a big celebration when we graduated.
= party
6
beer (n)
celebration (n)
ceremony (n)
‫مراسم‬
The wedding ceremony was beautiful.
= official service
7
club (n)
‫نادي‬
Are you a member of a sports club?
= a group where you
must be a member
8
‫شوكوالتة‬
Don’t eat too much chocolate. You’ll get fat.
‫ ضيوف‬/ ‫رفقة‬
Tim came for dinner last night. He’s good company!
= guests
10
chocolate (n)
company (n)
guest (n)
‫ضيف‬
We had a guest staying at our house.
11
honeymoon (n)
‫شهر العسل‬
We went to Spain on our honeymoon.
12
‫دعوة‬
Did you get an invitation to the party?
13
invitation (n)
luncheon (n)
= visitor
holiday after a
wedding
= invite, offer
‫غداء رسمي‬
We ate fish at the luncheon last week.
14
mayonnaise (n) ‫مايونيز‬
She likes mayonnaise on her hamburger.
15
mustard (n)
‫خردل‬
I usually put mustard on my hotdogs.
16
pickles (n)
‫مخلل‬
We usually eat pickles with burgers.
17
potato salad (n) ‫سلطة بطاطس‬
I’ll make potato salad for the BBQ tomorrow.
18
reception (n)
‫استقبال‬
The food was great at their wedding reception.
19
roll (n)
‫ملفوف‬
They served us butter and bread rolls.
20
sauce (n)
‫صلصة‬
Do you put sauce on your burger?
21
)‫شريحة لحم (ستيك‬
I prefer steak which is cooked on the BBQ.
‫فراولة‬
Fresh strawberries are so sweet.
a small red fruit
23
steak (n)
strawberry (n)
tradition (n)
e.g. mayonnaise,
ketchup, BBQ sauce
= cut of meat
‫ عرف‬/ ‫تقاليد‬
Thanksgiving is a tradition in the US.
24
wedding (n)
‫زفاف‬
The wedding was amazing. Congratulations!
25
wine (n)
‫نبيذ‬
Cindy enjoys a glass of wine with dinner.
= custom
ceremony of getting
married
a typically alcoholic
drink made of grape
Verbs
26 barbecue (v)
27 celebrate (v)
‫شواء‬
Are you going to barbecue that meat?
‫يحتفل‬
I want a big party to celebrate my birthday.
5
9
22
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
15
= a formal lunch
white food sauce
made of oil and eggs
a sauce we put on
hotdogs
potatoes with a
mayonnaise dressing
a party with food for
guests
small round bread
= to cook on an open fire
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15
28
29
30
31
have got (v)
‫لديه‬
have over (past = had) (v)
hold (past = held) (v)
Vocabulary
Tom and his wife have got three children.
= to have
We‫يستضيف‬
had Bill and Sue over for dinner last night.
= to host people
(1) This bottle can hold 2 liters of water. ‫ يحمل‬/ ‫ = يحوي‬contain
(2) Let’s hold a party to celebrate your birthday. ‫ يقوم بـ‬/ ‫ = يقيم‬have a party
invite (past = invited) (v)
‫يدعو‬
= ask someone to
come
Bill invited his neighbors to his wedding.
miss (v)
32
33
(1) I miss my family when I’m away. ‫يفتقد‬
(2) Don’t miss the ceremony or you’ll be in trouble. ‫يفوت‬
slice (v)
‫يقطع على شكل شرائح‬
will (v)
‫ممكن‬
35 would (v)
‫اود‬
Adjectives/ Adverbs
36 afraid (adj)
)‫يخشى (اسفا‬
37 afterward / afterwards (adv)
38 anywhere (adv)
‫أي مكان‬
34
= feel sad to be away
= arrive too late
≠ be on time
Would you like a slice of cake with your coffee?
= portion, piece
Will you help me, please?
= can (request)
I would love to take you there.
= am happy to
George isn't here at the moment, I’m afraid.
= sorry
First,
‫ذلك‬do
‫ بعد‬your work. You can play afterwards.
= next, after that
= any place
= new, newly made
≠ old, stale (bread)
= happy ≠ sad, upset
= not in or to any place
in or at an unknown
place
39
fresh (adj)
‫طازج‬
40
‫سعيد‬
41
glad (adj)
nowhere (adv)
Is there anywhere that you want to visit?
That bread is fresh – look, it’s still warm.
I asked the waitress if the coffee was fresh.
He was glad he passed his driving test.
‫و ال مكان‬
‘Where were you earlier?’ ‘Nowhere important.’
42
somewhere (adv) ‫في مكان ما‬
Tom lost his phone. He left it somewhere.
stale (adj)
‫ ليس طازجا‬/‫بائت‬
Other words and phrases
44 as
‫بينما‬
That bread is hard. It isn’t fresh - it’s stale.
= old
Sgt. Hill raised the flag as the cadets marched past.
It’s so hot out here. Let’s sit inside the house.
= while
alone without help
from anyone (offer)
≠ outside
The weather is nice today - let’s sit outside.
≠ inside
43
45
help yourself
46
inside
‫الداخل‬
outside
‫الخارج‬
Would you like to … ?
Can you come?
I’m afraid, I can’t.
47
48
49
‫اخدم نفسك‬
If you’re hungry, help yourself to the food.
≠ fresh
‫هل تود ان؟‬
‫هل تستطيع ان تأتي؟‬
‫اخشى اني ال استطيع؟‬
Lesson 3 Nouns
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
1
a while (n)
‫وقت قصير‬/‫برهة‬
I was stationed in Utah for a while. Now, I work here.
2
application (n)
‫نموذج‬
You must complete a visa application to get a visa.
3
continent (n)
‫قارة‬
Africa (n)
‫افريقيا‬
Antarctica (n)
‫القارة المتجمدة الجنوبية‬
Australia (n)
‫استراليا‬
Europe (n)
‫اوروبا‬
North America (n) ‫امريكا الشمالية‬
South America (n) ‫امريكا الجنوبية‬
4
document (n)
‫مستند‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
= a short period of
time
formal request to
do/have something
There are seven continents in the world.
the main land areas of
the worlds
Your passport is a travel document.
16
an important paper
with writing on it
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15
Vocabulary
5
history (n)
‫تاريخ‬
I’m interested in the past, so I read history books.
6
holiday (n)
‫اجازة‬
Thanksgiving is a very popular holiday in the USA.
7
life/lives (n)
‫حياة‬
My father had four jobs in his life.
8
15
museum (n)
‫متحف‬
orders (n)
‫اوامر‬
photograph/photo (n) ‫صورة‬
16
reason (n)
17
19
14
= time before now
= a special time when
people don’t work
= time you are alive,
lifetime
The museum has very interesting, old objects.
The Sergeant gave us orders to stand to attention.
= instructions
Stand still and smile. I want to take a photo of you.
= picture
‫سبب‬
The reason I was late is because the bus didn’t arrive.
ride (n)
‫ركوب‬
Let’s have a ride on this boat. It looks very fast.
visa (n)
‫تأشيرة‬
You need a visa to enter some countries.
= cause
a ride on a bus / horse
/ boat / bike
official permission to
enter a country
‫فوتوغرافية‬
Verbs
= make a formal
request
26
apply (v)
‫يتقدم‬
Apply for a visa before you travel to some countries.
27
die (v)
‫يموت‬
27
earn (v)
Mr Jones died when he was 101 years old.
≠ live
(1) You have earned your reward – you did a great job. ‫ = يستحق‬deserve
(2) John earned his degree at Harvard University. ‫يحصل‬
(3) Mr Smith earns $50,000 a year. ‫يتقاضى‬
= to get money for working
He left his phone on the plane by mistake.‫ترك‬
leave (past = left, pp = left )
27 notice (v)
Bob noticed that his boss had a new car.
‫الحظ‬
27 order (v)
The General ordered us to march.
‫يأمر‬
27 postpone (v)
We postponed our wedding until next year.
‫يؤجل‬
27 require (v)
You require a visa to visit China.
‫يحتاج‬
27 was/were going to (v) ‫ كنت سأقوم بـ‬I was going to go to the store but it started to rain.
Other words
28 alive (adj)
‫على قيد الحياة‬/‫ حي‬A car hit Hank yesterday. He is lucky to be alive.
29 around (prep)
It takes around 4 hours to drive to Chicago from here.
‫حوالي‬
30 by air (adv)
We travelled across America by air.
‫جوا‬
31 dead (adj)
My grandfather is dead but my grandmother is alive.
‫ميت‬
32 in addition to
In addition to getting a good salary, you also get a car.
‫باإلضافة الى‬
33 overseas (adj) )‫في الخارج (خارج البلد‬
I’m from America, but I work overseas, in Turkey.
take a photograph/photo
35
Lucy loves to take photographs when she travels.
27
‫التقط صورة‬
= see, realize
= instruct
= delay, put back
= need
= intended, planned
≠ dead
= about, approximately
= by plane
≠ alive
= as well as
= abroad
= take a picture
‫غير عادي‬
It’s unusual weather for winter. It’s really warm
= uncommon ≠ usual
37
unusual (adj)
unusually (adv)
‫على غير العادة‬
My teacher, Mr. Wilson, is unusually tall. He’s 7ft!
37
usual (adj)
‫عادي‬
It’s usual for the weather to be sunny in the summer.
= uncommonly
= normal, typical
≠ unusual
36
Lesson 4 Nouns
1
allergy (n)
‫حساسية‬
I get sick if I eat fish. I have an allergy to fish.
2
aspirin (n)
‫اسبرين‬
I take an aspirin when I have a headache.
3
bed rest (n) ‫ مالزمة السرير‬/ ‫راحة تامة‬
blood (n)
‫دم‬
blood pressure (BP) (n)‫ضغط الدم‬
Chris has the flu - he needs some bed rest.
a medical condition
= pain killer, pain
relief, pill
stay in bed
Bill gave blood at the clinic today. They took 500ml.
red liquid in your body
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4
5
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
I get high blood pressure when I am stressed.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15
Vocabulary
I received good care in that hospital.
= medical attention
Frank has an appointment at the clinic for his flu.
= doctor’s surgery
The doctor gave Pete some drugs for his back pain.
= medication
Pete was sick with flu. He needs to rest.
= influenza
I can’t play sport anymore because of an old injury.
= damage (to body)
12
care (n)
‫رعاية‬
clinic (n)
‫عيادة‬
drug (n)
‫دواء‬/‫عقار‬
flu (n)
‫زكمة‬/‫رشح‬
injury (n)
‫اصابة‬
laboratory (lab) (n) ‫مختبر‬
medication (n) ‫ادوية‬
13
mirror (n)
‫مرآة‬
She looked in the mirror to put her make-up on.
14
‫عضالت‬
If you lift heavy objects, you will get big muscles.
‫عملية‬
Joe needed an operation to fix his leg.
= surgery
‫بنسلين‬
The doctor prescribed me penicillin for my illness.
= drugs
‫صيدلية‬
Dwayne went to the pharmacy to get his medication.
= drug store
‫وصفة طبية‬
The doctor gave me a prescription for some medicine.
‫نبض‬
Your pulse is fast? Have you been running?
= heartbeat
20
muscle (n)
operation (n)
penicillin (n)
pharmacy (n)
prescription (n)
pulse (n)
record (n)
‫ِس ِجل‬
The clinic keeps a medical record of each patient.
21
shot (n)
‫حقنة‬
The doctor gave Tyrone a shot to treat his flu.
22
sick call (n)
‫الذهاب للطبيب‬
Alice went to sick call this morning. She is ill.
23
social security number (SSN)
24
tablet (n)
‫حبوب‬
The nurse gave me some tablets for my pain.
= report
= injection (of
medicine)
going to see a doctor
in the military
Government number
given to all citizens
= pill
treatment (n)
Verbs
26 appear (v)‫يبدو‬
‫معالجة‬
The treatment for flu is bed rest and relaxation.
= cure
The teacher appears happy – look, he’s smiling.
= look, seem
lose blood from your
body
= to relax someone
6
7
8
9
10
11
15
16
17
18
19
(n))‫رقم الهوية (في امريكا‬
25
They test your blood in the lab.
The doctor prescribed some medications for the flu.
You must have a social security number in the USA.
Did you bleed when you cut your arm?‫ينزف‬
= drugs used to cure
A mirror is for looking
at yourself.
27
bleed (past = bled, pp = bled)
28
Adam tried to calm his friend down after the accident.‫يهدأ‬
calm / calm someone down
The doctor examined the patient carefully.
= check, look at
examine (v)
‫يفحص‬
get a prescription filled (v)‫يحصل على وصفة طبية‬
I need to get a prescription - I have the flu.
How did you injure yourself at work?
= damage (to body)
injure (v)
‫يصيب‬
lie down (past = lay, pp = lain The doctor asked me to lie down on the bed.‫يستلقي‬
The doctor operated on his broken arm to fix it.
= perform surgery
operate (v)
‫يتدخل جراحيا‬
The doctor prescribed some medicine for his cold.
prescribe (v)
‫يصف الدواء‬
quiet down (v) ‫ يسترخي‬/
The teacher told the noisy cadets to quiet down.
= be quiet
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
‫استرخى‬
Bill didn’t seem very sick to me. He looks OK.
seem (v)
‫يبدو‬
37 sign in (v)
Employees must sign in when they arrive at work.
‫تسجيل الحضور‬
38 sign out (v)
Employees must sign out when they leave work.
‫تسجيل المغادرة‬
39 treat (v)
The doctor treated my injured leg.
‫يعالج‬
40 wipe (v)
George used a tissue to wipe his nose.
‫ يزيل‬/ ‫يمسح‬
Adjectives, pronouns and adverbs
41 allergic (adj) )‫ حساس (لبعض األطعمة‬I’m allergic to peanuts. I’ll be sick if I eat them.
42 daily (adj/adv)
He must take his medication daily.
‫يوميا‬
herself She did it by herself. Nobody helped her.
‫بنفسها‬
43
himself He did it himself. Nobody helped him.
‫بنفسه‬
36
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18
= appear, look
= register ≠ sign out
≠ sign in
= cure
= everyday
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15
44
45
46
47
Vocabulary
itself
The cat got on the roof by itself. Nobody helped it. )‫بنفسه (لغير العاقل‬
myself I told myself I’m going to pass basic training. ‫بنفسي‬
ourselves We did it ourselves. Without any help. ‫بأنفسنا‬
themselves They talked amongst themselves. ‫بنفسهم‬
yourself/ yourselves You didn’t need help. You did it yourself. ‫ بأنفسكم‬/ ‫بنفسك‬
Jane has a pulled muscle in her leg. She must rest it.
pulled (adj)
‫شد‬
Paul has a sprained ankle. It’s swollen now.
sprained (adj)
‫التواء‬
Please keep still for this photograph. Stop moving!
still (adj)
‫اثبت‬
Paul sprained his ankle. It’s swollen now.
swollen (adj)
‫متورم‬
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= strained
= twisted
= don’t move
= inflamed
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Grammar
1. Changing verbs to nouns with -ion
(L1. Pg.12)
Use the suffix –ion to change certain verbs into nouns .
‫– لتحويل بعض االفعال الى اسماء‬ion ‫استخدم االضافة‬
Verb
-ion
Noun
Examples
instruct
instruction
Read the instructions.
select
selection
A selections of fruits.
collect
collection
The collection is for charity.
location
= education
What is your location?
operate
operation
He needs an operation.
confuse
confusion
Sorry for the confusion.
promote
promotion
I had a promotion at work.
locate
educate
+
-ion
Education is important.
Remove the silent ‘e’ before adding –ion ‫‘ الصامتة قبل اضافة‬e’ ‫احذف‬
‫بعيستخدم التصريف االول للفعل‬
2. Adverbs of frequency
(L1. Pg.16)
Use adverbs of frequency to say how often something happens.
‫استخدم الحال الخاص بالتكرار للتعبير عن تردد و تكرار حدوث االشياء‬
always
(all the time)
100% Adverbs of frequency…
usually
(most of the time)
frequently
(often)
sometimes
(at times)
50%
occasionally
(from time to time)
seldom
(not often)
never
0%
(not at any time)
3.
How often…?
Use adverbs of frequency to answer How often ... questions.
(L1. Pg.20)
How often ‫استخدم الحال الخاص بالتكرار لإلجابة على اسئلة‬
Questions
How often
Answers
do you exercise?
I frequently exercise.
does it rain here?
It occasionally rains in summer.
will I see you?
You will seldom see me.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Grammar
4.
Comparative and superlative adverbs
(L1. Pg.25)
Use more / less + adverb + than when comparing 2 things with adverbs of more than 2 syllables.
(‫استخدم هذه الصيغة عندما تقارن شيئين بواسطة حال مكون من اكثر من مقطع )كلمة طويلة‬
Subject
Verb
Comparative
Jean
exercises
more regularly than
Tom.
Rene
sings
less beatifully than
Francis.
Use the + most / least + adverb when making superlatives with adverbs of more than 2 syllables.
(‫استخدم هذه الصيغة عند المقارنة القصوى بواسطة حال مكون من اكثر من مقطع )كلمة طويلة‬
5.
Subject
Verb
Comparative
Jean
walks
the most regularly.
(of a group of people)
Rene
sings
the least beatifully.
(of a group of people)
Using indefinite adverbs of place with -where
where ‫استخدم احوال المكان الغير معرفه مع‬
Indefinite
Adverbs
somewhere
‫مكان ما‬
Meanings
(L2. Pg.36)
Examples
in or at a place,
but you don’t
know where
+
Your wallet must be somewhere.
?
Did you put your wallet somewhere?
Note: we use somewhere in positive sentences and questions.
‫ في الجمل و االسئلة التأكيدية‬somewhere ‫الحظ اننا نستخدم‬
anywhere
‫أي مكان‬
‫بعيستخدم‬
the place is‫للفعل‬
not‫التصريف االول‬
-I can’t find my wallet anywhere.
important or you
?
Are we going anywhere tonight?
don’t know where
Note: we use anywhere in negative sentences and questions.
‫ في الجمل و االسئلة المنفية‬anywhere ‫الحظ اننا نستخدم‬
nowhere
‫وال مكان‬
6.
‫التصريف االول للفعل‬
‫ بعيستخدم‬did
not in or to any
‘Where
+
place
‘Nowhere.’
you
go?’
Using will and would to offer to do something
(L2. Pg.49)
Use will and would to say that we don’t mind doing something.
‫ لنوضح انه ال نمانع عمل شيء ما‬would ‫ و‬will ‫استخدم‬
Who will take
me to the
hospital later?
I’ll take you.
I’d
Dave would
We’d
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
I will.
be happy
be glad
love
21
to
(take you).
Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Grammar
7.
Modal review
(L2. Pg.56)
‫مراجعة االفعال الناقصة‬
To talk about…
possibility
‫لإلمكانية‬
Examples
can
What can we watch on T.V. tonight?
We can watch the World Cup final.
advice
should
ought to
Should I buy a new car?
Rakan ought to join the army.
past routine
used to
would
I used to go to the gym every day.
Years ago, we would go to the lake.
used to
I used to smoke.
We used to live in Sweden, and we
didn’t use to have a car.
must
must not
He isn’t wearing a suit. He must be a
cadet - he isn’t a manager.
would like to
Would you like to order a desert?
Yes, I’d like to order some cake.
be supposed to
You are supposed to salute officers.
‫للنصيحة‬
‫للروتين الماضي‬
discontinued
past habit,
condition, or
situation
deduction
‫للحسم‬
want and desire
‫للرغبة‬
obligation
‫للتعهد‬
8.
Modal
Using was / were going to for past intentions
(L3. Pg.66)
Use was / were going to to talk about plans in the past that changed.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة للحديث عن خططك الماضية التي تغيرت الحقا‬
Subject
was
Verb1
change
I / He / She
was going to
study,
but you came over.
We / You /
They
were going to
go out,
but it started to rain.
Questions
Wh-
was
Subject
Was
I
he
When
was
What
Where
going to
Verb1
detail
going to
move
to Riyadh?
do
tonight?
eat
this evening?
she
you
were
we
going to
they
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Grammar
9.
Using else
(L3.Pg.78)
Use else to mean some other person, thing, or place than the one you just talked about.
body
one
some
any
no
every
a different or extra person.
+
thing
else
=
‫ لتعني بها شخصا او شيئا او‬else ‫استخدم‬
‫مكانا اخر غير الذي كنت تتحدث عنه‬
a different or extra thing.
a different or extra place.
where
Examples
Can anyone else help him? I’m too busy.
Keep this book, but throw everything else away.
I’ve been to Dubai 5 times. I want to go somewhere else for my holiday this year.
He was alone. There was nobody else in the building.
10. More linking verbs
(L4. Pg.94)
Use linking verbs to describe things. Use them before adjectives, like BE.
‫استخدم افعال الربط بنفس الطريقة التي تستخدم بها افعال الكينونة لوصف االشياء‬
Subject
Linking verb
Adjective
You seem different today.
You
seem
different.
Yes, I feel very sick.
I
feel
sick.
Your eyes
look
I
am
Your eyes look tired.
tired.
I am very tired!
Some more linking verbs:
appear
become
keep
get
smell
remain
sound
stay
taste
11. Using reflexive pronouns (Part1)
(L4. Pg.103)
Use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same.
‫استخدم الضمائر االنعكاسية عندنا يكون الفاعل و المفعول به في الجملة هو نفسه‬
Subject
Object = Raed
Reflexive pronoun
Raed was studying in the barracks by himself.
Reflexive pronoun
Subject
I
→
myself
Example
I taught myself how to dance.
He
→
himself
He will buy himself a new phone.
She
→
herself
Helen drove here all by herself.
It
→
itself
Did the window shut by itself?
We
→
ourselves
Shall we buy ourselves some ice cream?
You
→
yourself
You should be very proud of yourselves.
They
→
themselves
They made the cake themselves.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 15 Grammar
12. Using reflexive pronouns (Part 2)
(L4. Pg.106)
Use a reflexive pronoun (e.g. myself, himself, ourselves) to emphasize that a subject does the action. It can
highlight that the action is unusual.
‫ و قد تشير الى ان الحدث غير اعتيادي‬.‫استخدم الضمائر االنعكاسية لتوضيح ان الفاعل قام بالفعل‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
I have never made a cake before.
I made this cake by myself.
‫انا لم يسبق لي ان قمت بعمل الكعك‬
He fixed his car himself.
It was surprising that he didn’t need help.
‫انه من المفاجئ انه لم يحتاج الى المساعدة‬
13. Adjectives and adverbs of time with -ly
(L4. Pg.110)
Add –ly to sometime nouns to make adjectives and adverbs.
‫ لبعض اسماء الوقت لتكوين صفة او حال‬ly ‫اضف‬
Time nouns
Adjective/
Adverb
day
*daily
hour
hourly
night
+
week
=
-ly
nightly
weekly
month
monthly
year
yearly
We usually just add –ly, except for *daily
daily ‫ فقط ما عدى في حالة‬ly ‫غالبا ما نضيف‬
Examples
How often to you exercise?
-
I go to the gym daily.
She takes her medicine nightly.
I like to eat out monthly.
I have weekly Spanish lessons.
We have hourly break
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns
1
activity (n)
2
energy (n)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
‫نشاط‬
I enjoy activities that help me keep fit, like jogging.
something people do
‫طاقة‬
Our food gives us energy to be active.
= fuel
Something you need to
do a task.
how physically fit you are
3
equipment (n)
‫ جهاز‬/ ‫ٌم ِع َّدة‬
My gym has new equipment, like weights and mats.
4
‫لياقة‬
Regular exercise is important to maintain fitness.
‫صحة‬
Smoking is very bad for your health.
)‫ لفة (حول مضمار‬/ ‫دورة‬
One lap of the running track is 400m
= circuit
7
fitness (n)
health (n)
lap (n)
nap (n)
‫قيلولة‬
Mark felt tired so he had a short nap after lunch.
8
relaxation (n)
‫استرخاء‬
On vacation I have time for rest and relaxation.
I’m tired because I didn’t get much sleep last night.
= short sleep
condition of being
relaxed
≠ awake
I have a suggestion. Let’s go out for dinner.
= idea, thought
5
6
sleep (n)
‫نوم‬
10 suggestion (n)
‫اقتراح‬
11 swimming pool (n)
12 weights (n)
‫ أوزان‬/ ‫أثقال‬
Verbs
13 avoid (v)
‫يتجنب‬
9
14
15
16
Jack lifts weights to get strong and keep in shape.
= dumbbell, barbell
If you are on a diet, avoid eating cakes and candy.
= stay away from
1) You should check out that new restaurant. ‫ = يجرّب‬try, look at
2) Bob checked out a book from the library. ‫ = يستعير‬borrow a book
check out (v)
cut down on (past = cut, pp =
cut) (v)
‫يقلل من‬
cut out (past = cut, pp = cut)
(v)
Bob‫مسبح‬
swims in the swimming pool but not in the sea.
‫ يقلع عن‬/ ‫يتوقف تماما‬
had better (v) ‫ من األفضل ان‬/ ‫يجب‬
18 jog (v)
‫يهرول‬
19 look after (v)
‫ يعتني‬/ ‫يرعى‬
20 nap (v)
‫ يغفو‬/ ‫يقيل‬
21 skip (v)
‫يفوت‬
take part in (past = took, pp
22
= taken) (v)
‫يشارك‬
take up (past = took, pp =
23
taken) up (v)
‫يبدأ‬
24 try out (v)
‫يجرب‬
Adjectives
25 active (adj)
‫نشيط‬
26 closed (adj)
‫مغلق‬
17
I’m too fat so I cut down on eating cakes and candy.
= reduce
The doctor told Bill to cut out smoking.
= stop, quit
You had better finish your homework before class.
= should, ought to
Dave likes to jog around the new running track.
= run slowly
My sister looked after my son whilst we were away.
= take care of
I was tired, so I napped this afternoon after lunch.
= sleep for a short time
I’m hungry because I skipped breakfast this morning.
= miss
32 soccer teams are taking part in the World Cup.
= participate in
Hank wanted to lose weight so he took up jogging.
= start, begin
You should try out the car before you buy it.
= test first, have a go
Ted plays a lot of sport. He is very active.
= lively, dynamic
That store is closed. It will open at 9 am.
= shut
≠ open
= practical, useful
≠ inconvenient
= uncertain, not sure
≠ certain, sure
= healthy, with a good
fitness level
= little by little, slow
27
convenient (adj) ‫مالئم‬
28
doubtful (adj)
‫مشكوك فيه‬
It is doubtful he will pass the test. He hasn’t studied.
29
fit (adj)
ً ‫الئق‬
‫بدنيا‬
Regular exercise will help you stay fit.
30
gradual (adj)
‫متدرج‬
Expect a gradual decrease in weight when dieting.
31
impossible (adj)
‫مستحيل‬
It is impossible to learn a language in one month.
= you cannot do it
≠ possible
32
necessary (adj)
open (adj)
possible (adj)
‫ضروري‬
It’s necessary to make a reservation. It’s very busy.
= essential ≠ unnecessary
‫مفتوح‬
The supermarket is open now. It will close at 10pm.
≠ closed
‫ممكن‬
It is possible to pass the test, if you study.
= you can do it, it can happen
25
Issue No. 1.0
33
34
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
The shop is convenient. It’s nearby and open all day.
Book 16 Vocabulary
proper (adj)
‫مناسب‬
36 unnecessary (adj) ‫غير ضروري‬
Other words and phrases
35
Sport shoes are the proper footwear to do sports.
= right, correct
It is very hot today. It is unnecessary to wear a coat.
≠ necessary
37
even (adv)
‫حتى‬
He can speak 4 languages. He even speaks Russian.
= in fact, also,
surprisingly
38
ً
‫تدريجيا‬
You will lose weight gradually by exercising daily.
= little by little, slowly
‫شيئا فشيئا‬
You will lose weight little by little if you diet.
= gradually, slowly
‫ ربما‬/ ‫ممكن‬
I have a meeting so I will possibly be home late.
= maybe
42
gradually (adv)
little by little
possibly (adv)
properly (adv)
‫كما ينبغي‬
If you exercise properly you will get fit.
43
regularly (adv)
‫ عاد ًة‬/ ‫بانتظام‬
You should drink water regularly during the day.
= correctly, right
= consistently, often,
frequently
40
41
Lesson 2 Nouns
1
authority (n)
2
behavior (n)
‫سٌلّطة‬
The police have the authority to punish bad drivers.
= power, the right
‫سلوك‬
The teacher was happy with the cadets’ behavior.
= actions
3
belief (n)
‫إيمان‬
Mike has a strong belief in the authority of the army.
4
chain of command (n) ‫ تسلسل قيادي‬The army has a strong chain of command.
5
commissioned officer (n)
6
courtesy (n)
‫احترام‬
Saluting an officer is courtesy in the military.
7
custom (n)
‫ تقليد‬/ ‫عرف‬
Giving presents is a custom on someone’s birthday.
8
honor (n)
‫شرف‬
It was an honor for David to play in the World Cup.
9
‫قاعدة عسكرية‬
Cadets will be trained at this installation.
10
installation (n)
loyalty (n)
‫والء‬
You must have a sense of loyalty to be in the army.
11
privilege (n)
‫ شرف‬/ ‫امتياز‬
A privilege of working here is using the gym for free.
12
You must follow the regulations. Don’t break them.
14
regulation (n)
‫ نظام‬/ ‫لوائح‬
respect (n)
‫احترام‬
responsibility (n) ‫مسؤولية‬
15
right (n)
‫حق‬
You have the right to free education and health care.
16
salute (n)
‫تحية‬
Todd gave a salute to the king.
17
seniority (n)
13
= similar meaning ≠opposites
‫ تسلسل السلطات‬/
‫ضابط‬
23
observe (1) (v)
24
render (v)
= allegiance, support
= advantage, special
right
= rule
Mr. Brown had the respect of his students.
‫إحساس‬
I’m never late. I have sense of duty to my work.
= duty
= due to you, legal
entitlement
= a respectful sign in the
military
= higher level of
authority
= feeling, understanding
‫ أقل رتبة‬/ ‫مرؤوس‬
Nate is a subordinate to his manager.
= person of lower rank
‫يتصرف‬
Isabel behaves better at school now she is older.
= the way a person acts
‫يجب‬
Cadets have got to complete their homework.
= must
‫ يشرّ ف‬/ ‫يُجل‬
We honor our flag in our country by saluting to it.
= to regard with respect
‫ يعطي‬/ ‫يسلّم‬
(1) New cadets observe others to see how to behave. ‫ = يراقب‬see, watch
(2) Every year we observe the Eid al Fitr holiday. ‫يحتفل‬
= celebrate
َّ
(3) All cadets must observe the rules of the RSAF. ‫يتبع‬
= follow
John rendered a salute to the General.
= give
‫احقية في السلطة‬/‫أقدمية‬
sense (n)
19 subordinate (n)
Verbs
20 behave (v)
21 have got to (v)
22 honor (v)
18
A Colonel is a commissioned officer.
= faith, trust,
acceptance in
= levels of authority,
hierarchy
manages the enlisted
E.g., Colonel, General
= polite behavior
= typical way people do
things, tradition
= privilege, great
respect
= a military base
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Parents have a responsibility for their children.
The General has seniority over the Lieutenant.
26
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Vocabulary
25
respect (v)
‫يحترم‬
= when people show
courtesy, politeness
Steve respects the referees’ decision.
I take advantage of the privileges I get from my job.
= make good use
take advantage of (v)‫يستغل‬
Adjectives
27 against (prep)
Never go against the rules and regulations.
= oppose
‫ضد‬
28 compulsory (adj)‫إلزامي‬
It is compulsory to salute the General.
= mandatory ≠ optional
29 honorable (adj)
He always does the right thing. He’s honorable.
= respectable, proper
‫مش ّرف‬
30 junior (adj)‫ أقل درجة‬/ ‫أقل مرتبة‬
I was promoted from a junior rank to a senior rank.
= lower in rank ≠ senior
31 loyal (adj)‫ وفي‬/ ‫مخلص‬
Bill is always there for me. He is a loyal friend.
32 senior (adj) ‫ أعلى درجة‬/ ‫كبير‬
I want to reach a senior rank in the military.
= higher in rank ≠ junior
33 subordinate (adj)‫األقل رتبة‬
Subordinate personnel aren’t allowed in the club.
= lower in rank
Ranks in the Navy
Admiral
)‫أدميرال (توازي فريق أول في السعودية‬
Note: you will not be tested on ranks in the ALCPT.
vice admiral
)‫نائب أدميرال (توازي فريق في السعودية‬
34
rear admiral upper half
‫لواء‬
rear admiral lower half
‫عميد‬
Ranks in the Army / Air Force / Marine Corps
general
‫فريق أول‬
Note: you will not be tested on ranks in the ALCPT.
lieutenant general
‫فريق‬
35
major general ‫لواء‬
brigadier general
‫عميد‬
26
Lesson 3 Nouns
= similar meaning
1
actor (n)
‫ممثل‬
He wants to be a famous actor. He will be on TV.
2
actress (n)
‫ممثلة‬
She is a famous actress. She is in many movies.
3
adventure (n)
‫مغامرة‬
Traveling around Spain by car was an adventure.
4
award (n)
‫جائزة‬
Movies and actors win awards for being very good.
5
ballet (n)
‫رقصة الباليه‬
My sister dances ballet. She can stand on her toes.
6
comedy (n)
‫كوميديا‬
I like to watch comedy shows that make me laugh.
7
concert (n)
‫حفلة موسيقية‬
Ashley played piano in her school concert.
8
drama (n)
‫دراما‬
Mary watched a very serious drama on TV last night.
9
drums (n)
‫طبول‬
Tom plays the drums in a rock band.
10
guitar (n)
)‫قيثارة (قيتار‬
Phil plays the guitar in a rock band.
11
humor (n)
‫فكاهة‬
He always laughs. He sees the humor in everything.
12
instrument (n)
‫آلة‬
I have many instruments: a guitar, a piano, drums.
13
musical (n)
14
musician (n)
‫ مسرحية اول فلم غنائي‬The songs in that musical were really good.
‫موسيقار‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
My uncle is a musician. He plays many instruments.
27
≠ opposites
= a man who performs
in TV, film or theater
= a woman who performs
in TV, film etc.
= an exciting or unusual
experience
= prize or recognition
for doing a good job
= a funny play, film or
TV show
= a musical
performance
= a serious play or TV
show
= musical instrument
that you hit
A guitar is a musical
instrument.
the funny quality of
something
= guitar, piano, drum,
violin
= a movie or play with
music and songs
= someone who plays
music or sings
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Vocabulary
15
opera (n)
‫أوبرا‬
It’s expensive to go to the opera.
16
orchestra (n)
‫فرقة موسيقية‬
This orchestra has 65 musicians. It sounds amazing.
17
performance (1) (n)
18
piano (n)
‫بيانو‬
19
play (n)
‫مسرحية‬
20
‫ أفضلية‬/ ‫تفضيل‬
21
preference (n)
role (n)
22
= a play, in which the
actors sing the words
(1) That performance was great. You should see it. ‫ = العرض‬a show or concert
(2) My performance in that race was bad. I was last. ‫ = أداء‬how you do something
A piano is a musical
It’s hard to play the piano. You must use two hands.
instrument.
= a story acted in the
John saw a play yesterday in the theater.
theater
I like don’t mind coffee, but my preference is tea.
= the thing you prefer
‫دور‬
Tom Cruise is great in the role of policeman.
row (n)
‫صف‬
We’re sitting in the front row. We have a great view!
= lines of seats in a
theater
23
stage (n)
‫خشبة المسرح‬
I haven’t acted on stage. Only on TV and in movies.
= the place in a theater
where actors perform
24
symphony (n)
‫سمفونية‬
The orchestra plays many great symphonies.
25
talent (n)
‫موهبة‬
She has a lot of talent – she can sing and dance well.
26
theater (n)
‫ قاعة‬/ ‫مسرح‬
John and Margo watch many plays at the theater.
27
type (of) (n)
‫نوع‬
‘What type of movies do you like?’ ‘I like comedies.’
28
violin (n)
‫كمان‬
The orchestra had 26 violin players.
= a long piece of music
written for orchestras
= a special ability
= a building where plays
are performed
= kind
A violin is a musical
instrument.
Verbs
(1) Tom Cruise has acted in many different movies. ‫ = يمثل‬perform in a role
(2) You must act properly when you visit a mosque. ‫ = يتصرف‬behave
= to give something to a
‫ يعطي‬/ ‫ يمنح‬/ ‫ يقلّد‬The school awarded Jim a prize for his good marks.
person who wins
= hate, dislike very
I can’t stand potatoes, I just can’t eat them!
‫ال يطيق‬
strongly
Kenny dislikes classical music - he prefers jazz.
≠ like
‫ال يحب‬
29
act (v)
30
award (v)
31
can’t stand (v)
32
33
dislike (v)
hate (v)
34
perform (1) (v)
35
play (1) (v)
36
prefer (to) (v)
37
quit (past = quit, pp = quit) (v)
38
would rather (v) ‫يفضل‬
‫ يبغض‬/ ‫يكره‬
‫يفضل‬
‫ يقلع‬/ ‫يترك‬
Julia hates watching TV - she prefers films.
= dislike ≠ love
(1) She has performed in many theaters in London. ‫ = يؤدي‬act or play
(2) The doctor performed the operation quickly. ‫ = ينفذ‬to do
(1) He is playing the role of her uncle in that movie. ‫ = يلعب دور‬to act
(2) Francis plays the piano very well. ‫يعزف‬
= to like one thing more
Kim prefers to play the guitar rather than sing.
than the other
= to stop or give up
He doesn’t smoke. He quit smoking a year ago.
something
= to prefer one thing
I would rather play football than tennis.
more than other
Adjectives
43
antique (adj)
‫ أثري‬/ ‫ عتيق‬/ ‫قديم‬
There was a lot of antique furniture in the house.
44
classical (adj)
‫ تقليدي‬/ ‫كالسيكي‬
Sarah always plays classical music on her piano.
45
close (to)
‫قريب من‬
humorous (adj) ‫مضحك‬
kind (adj)
‫ لطيف‬/ ‫طيب القلب‬
It’s convenient that the shop is close to home.
= old (usually over 100
years)
= music from the 18th &
19th Centuries
= near
≠ far away
He loves comedy. He has many humorous shows.
= funny
Tom was very kind to me - he gave me flowers!
= good, loving, helpful
46
47
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Vocabulary
modern (adj)
49 musical (adj)
50 scary (adj)
51 serious (adj)
Other words
48
‫ عصري‬/ ‫حديث‬
Jack likes modern music rather than classical.
‫موسيقي‬
Jack is very musical. He plays the guitar and sings.
‫مخيف‬
That is a really scary film. It frightened me.
= frightening
‫جاد‬
Clive is a serious actor - he doesn’t do comedy.
≠ funny, humorous
52
either (1) (pron)
‫أحد األمرين‬
53
either (2) (adj)
‫أي االثنين‬
54
55
enough (adv)
‫كافي‬
furthermore (adv) ‫باإلضافة إلى ذلك‬
56
likewise (adv)
57
neither (1)
58
rather than
Lesson 4 Nouns
1
ability (n)
= new ≠ old, antique
A: “Do you want either chips or salad?’
B: ‘Chips will be OK, thanks’.
A: ‘These shoes come in black or brown’.
B: ‘I don’t mind. Either color will be fine, thanks’.
Is the beef is cooked enough for you?
= choose one out of two things
= any one out of two things
= to a level that is acceptable
Riyadh is a big city. Furthermore, it’s very busy.
= also
Andrew: ‘I’m delighted to meet you, James!’
= the same (from my point of
view)
James: ‘Likewise’.
(1) (pron) A: “Do you want chips or salad?’ B: ‘Neither’. ‫ =ال هذا وال ذاك‬not one or another
(1) (adj) Neither of the scarfs go with that coat. ‫ وال‬/ ‫ال‬
= to choose one thing over
James will play football rather than tennis today.
‫بدال من‬
another
‫ أيضا‬/ ‫كذلك‬
= similar meaning ≠opposites
‫قدرة‬
He has the ability to be the best cadet in class.
2
air conditioner (n) ‫مكيّف‬
It’s too hot because the air conditioner is turned off.
3
component (n)
‫ عنصر‬/ ‫ُمك ّون‬
Computers are made from thousands of components.
4
‫نسخة‬
We only need a copy of your passport.
5
copy (n)
data (n)
‫بيانات‬
We keep the important company data in this office.
6
experience (n)
‫خبرة‬
I have 10 years of experience in this company.
7
hard drive (n)
‫قرص صلب‬
What size is the hard drive on this laptop?
8
hardware (n)
‫عتاد‬
This is a hardware problem - change the disk drive.
9
installation (n)
‫ تنصيب‬/ ‫تركيب‬
The installation of the programs took 2 hours.
10
keyboard (n)
‫لوحة مفاتيح‬
Use the keyboard to write your report.
11
‫جهاز الشاشة‬
I have a large screen on my computer monitor.
12
monitor (n)
mouse (n)
‫فارة‬
Use your mouse to move things on your monitor.
13
printer (n)
‫طابعة‬
If you need a paper copy of the report, use the printer.
14
program (n)
‫برنامج‬
You have to install a program to use the printer.
15
screen (n)
‫شاشة العرض‬
The screen on John’s laptop is very dirty - I can’t see.
16
software (n)
‫برمجيات‬
The software engineer will help fix your computer.
17
typewriter (n)
‫آلة كاتبة‬
People use computers now, not typewriters.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
29
An air conditioner is for
cooling air.
A part of a machine or
device.
= information
= knowledge gained from
doing something
A hard drive stores data.
= components that make
up a computer
= putting a component
into a machine
A keyboard is for writing
on a computer.
A monitor has a screen.
A printer is for printing
documents.
= software
A screen is for showing
information.
= programs that make
computers work
= an old machine for
writing on paper
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Vocabulary
Verbs
= move something a little
to make it fit
= build, put components
together
= cannot do something
= to put information onto
a CD or DVD
18
adjust (v)
‫ يضبط‬/ ‫يع ّدل‬
If you adjust the size, it should fit perfectly.
19
assemble (v)
‫ يجمع‬/ ‫يكرب‬
We assemble cars in this large factory.
20
21
be unable to (v) ‫غير قادر على‬
burn (a CD/DVD) (v)
22
copy (v)
‫ينسخ‬
Tom wants to copy his work files to take them home.
23
enter (v)
‫يدخل‬
You need to enter your personal information here.
24
figure out (v)
‫ يعرف‬/ ‫يكتشف‬
I couldn’t figure out the problem but Bill helped me.
25
handle (v)
‫يتعامل‬
My computer is small. It’s can’t handle all this data.
26
install (v)
ّ ‫ ين‬/ ‫يركب‬
‫صب‬
Jeff will install the internet in your home today.
27
lend a hand (v) ‫يساعد‬
load (v)
‫يح ّمل‬
organize (v)
‫ينظّم‬
print (v)
‫يطبع‬
put together (past = put) (pp
= put) (v) ‫ يجمع‬/ ‫يركب‬
Can you lend a hand cleaning the kitchen later?
= type information into a
computer
= solve, work out
= manage, deal with, take
care of
= to put in place, e.g. a
PC, TV etc.
= help
They will load the software in the shop for you.
= put something on or in
My music is organized alphabetically from A to Z.
= put things in order
replace (v)
These car tires are old. We need to replace them.
28
29
30
31
32
)‫يكتب (على قرص‬
‫يستبدل‬
Sam was unable to fix his PC so he called an engineer.
You can burn the movie onto this DVD if you like.
Can you print the report for the meeting we had today?
How do you put this IKEA furniture together?
= build, assemble
≠ take apart
= change one thing for
another
shut down (past = shut) (pp =
Please shut down the computer when you finish.
= switch off
shut) (v) ‫يطفئ‬
shut off (past = shut) (pp =
34
Save your work. They will shut off the electricity soon.
= close, turn off
shut) off (v) ‫ يغلق‬/ ‫يوقف‬
take apart (past = took) (pp =
35
Before Geoff fixed the machine, he took it apart.
≠ assemble
taken)
‫يفكك‬
Adjectives
36 capable (adj)
Jack is very capable with computers. He fixed mine.
= able, can do ≠ incapable
‫ مؤهل‬/ ‫قادر‬
37 incapable (adj)
Computers are great but incapable of thinking.
= not able to do ≠ capable
‫ غير قابل‬/ ‫عاجز‬
38 intelligent (adj)
Humans are more intelligent than animals.
= smart, clever
‫ذكي‬
39 smart (adj)
John is a smart cadet; he got 100% in his test.
= intelligent, clever
‫ذكي‬
Other words
40 for example
‫ مثال‬Jim is a capable student. For example, he got 95% in a test last week. = for instance, like
33
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
30
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
1.
It’s hard to be on time: IT in the subject position
(L1. Pg.6)
Use it to refer to the verb + detail.
‫ التفاصيل‬+ ‫ للحديث عن فعل‬it ‫استخدم‬
A new ID card
Before you swim
Sentence
Subject
It
it isn’t
is
possible
a good idea
to eat.
detail
BE
Adjective /
Noun
Verb 1
is
possible
to get
a new ID card.
isn’t
a good idea
to eat
before you swim.
possible
to get
a new ID card?
a good idea
to eat
before you swim?
to get.
Question
is
(Is)
Why
it
isn’t
(Isn’t)
2. The past perfect: had + past participle (Verb3)
(L1. Pg.14)
Use past perfect for an action that was completed before another action in the past.
‫يستخدم الماضي التام للحديث عن االحداث التي حصلت قبل حدث اخر حصل في الماضي‬
(simple past)
(past perfect)
Past
Now / Present
I had already eaten breakfast when class started.
7am
9am
8am
10am
Subject
had
(adverb)
Past participle (Verb3)
I / You / We / He /
She / They
had
(just)
(already)
met begun had
eaten sent been
Question had
s
Subject
(adverb)
Past
participle
detail
(Had)
I / you /
we / he /
she / they
(ever)
worked
before you came here?
Where
When
had
Remember! Past perfect was completed before another past action
‫تذكر! الماضي التام هو حدث منتهي قبل الحدث االخر في الماضي‬
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31
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
3.
Advice & suggestions with Why don’t…? and Why not…?
(L1. Pg.21)
‫استخدم هذه الصيغتين لالقتراح و النصح لما ال ؟‬
Verb 1 + detail
don’t I / you / we
lie down
not
see a doctor
Why
?
try again
You / I /
We
get some medicine
ought to
do your homework
.
Yeah. Why don’t you go to
the dentist?
Why not go to the
dentist?
My tooth is
aching so
much!
4.
could / should
You had better not eat any
more ice cream.
You had better go to the
dentist.
Giving strong advice with had better (not)
(L1. Pg.23)
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة إلسداء نصيحة‬
Subject
I / You / He / She
We / They
5.
Modal
Verb1
detail
had better
go
to the dentist.
had better not
eat
more ice ceam.
The present BE passive
(L2. Pg.37)
Use the present BE passive to emphasize what happened, rather than who did the action.
‫ تستخدم عادة اذا كان المفعول به اهم من الفاعل او ان الفاعل غير معروف‬.‫استخدم هذه الصيغة للتعبير عن المبني للمجهول‬
Active Sentence
Passive Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The General
chose
a cadet.
Subject
BE + past
participle (V3)
Object
A cadet
was chosen
(by the General).
You don’t have to write the object. ‫هذه التفاصيل اختيارية‬
Active Sentence
Passive Sentence
Doctors prescribed medicine.
Medicine was prescribed (by the doctors).
A thief stole my car.
I love you.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
My car was stolen (by a thief).
You are loved (by me).
32
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
Questions
BE
Past participle
(V3)
detail
reduced
in winter?
Are
flight prices
When
6.
are
reduced?
What had he been doing?
(L2. Pg.45)
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about a past action that was taking place before (or until) another
past action.
.‫استخدم الماضي التام المستمر للحديث عن حدث حصل في الماضي و استمر حتى وقت حصول حدث اخر في الماضي‬
Faris had been playing tennis for 10 minutes when he fell and broke
his arm.
Now / Present
Past
Subject
had
(not)
been
Verb-ing
(time)
Past simple
I / You / He /
She We / They
had
been
playing
(for 10
minutes)
when he fell.
Examples
She had been studying since 7pm when her parents called her to dinner.
They had been walking for an hour when it began to rain.
Questions
Had
Subject
been
Verb-ing
detail
she
been
studying
for the test?
Had
What
had
How long
Examples
What had he been doing when he called you?
How long had they been walking when it rained?
7.
Necessity and obligation with have got to
(L2. Pg.51)
Have to has a similar meaning to must / supposed to.
‫تستخدم هذه الصيغة للتعبير عن االشياء الواجب عملها‬
Subject
Modal
have / has got to
I / You / He /
She We / They
= must
= has / have to
am / are / is supposed
to
Infinitive (V1)
(detail)
finish
(at 6pm).
go
(home).
play
(later).
There is no negative form of have got to ‫ال يوجد صيغة نفي لـ‬
Do you want to
come to the mess
hall?
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Thanks, but I can’t.
I’ve got to go marching.
33
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
8.
Which city would you rather visit?
(L3. Pg.64)
Use this to make choices between 2 or more options.
‫ اآلخرين بين شيئين او اكثر‬/‫استخدم هذه الصيغة االستفهامية لتخير اآلخر‬
Questions
Topic
Which city
Modal
Details
would you rather
visit, New York or Madrid?
Would you rather
jog in a park or jog on a track?
Use Verb1 after Modals. ‫استخدم الفعل في التصريف االول‬
This detail is optional. ‫هذه التفاصيل اختيارية‬
Sentences
Subject
Modal
Base verb(V1)
+ 1st Choice
I / You / He
She / We
They
would rather
visit Madrid
( ‘d rather )
jog in a park
9.
(than)
(Choice 2)
(New York).
(than)
(on a track).
Which do you prefer?
(L3.Pg.74)
Use prefer to say which option you like the most.
‫استخدم افضِ ل للحديث عن اي الخيارات تفضل‬
Subject
prefer
noun
I / You / He
She / We / They
prefer(s)
juice
to / rather than
to
rather than
noun
coffee.
Examples
I prefer English to Math lessons.
The RSAF prefers F-15s rather than F-16s.
Subject
prefer
Verb(-ing)
I / You / He
She / We / They
prefer(s)
swimming
to / rather than
to
rather than
Verb(-ing)
jogging.
Examples
They prefer marching to studying.
She prefers shopping rather than working.
Subject
prefer
to infinitive
rather than
infinitive
I / You / He
She / We / They
prefer(s)
to swim
rather than
jog.
Examples
He prefers to walk rather than drive to work.
I prefer to relax rather than work.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
34
Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
10. Are you tough enough to be a Marine?
Use an adjective or adverb + enough to express sufficiency.
I
Saleh/He/She
We/ You/They
(L3. Pg.78)
‫ بشكل كافي للتعبير عن مقدار الكفاية‬+ ‫استخدم الصفة او الحال‬
verb + adjective/adverb
enough
(to infinitive phrase)
am
is
clever
are
didn’t study hard
enough
(to pass the
ALCPT).
This detail is optional. ‫هذه التفاصيل اختيارية‬
Examples
The desk isn’t wide enough.
We didn’t play well enough to win the match.
Questions
BE
Subject
Am
Is
Are
adjective/adverb
I
Saleh/He/ She
We/ You/They
clever
Did(n’t)
enough
(to infinitive phrase)
enough
(to pass the
ALCPT)?
study hard
Examples
Is the desk wide enough?
Did we play well enough to win the match?
11. We’ll be unable to attend
Use the BE unable to as a formal way to say you cannot do something.
(L4. Pg.90)
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة للتعبير بشكل لبق عن عدم امكانيتك القيام بعمل ما‬
Subject
BE
Unable
to
Base verb
(Verb1)
detail
The singer
is
perform
tonight.
Mr. Woods
will be
attend
the meeting.
If you
are
come,
let me know.
Women
have been
drive
until now.
My team
has been
win
all season.
I
had been
pass
but now I have.
unable
to
Note the different verb tenses being used.‫انتبه لصيغ االفعال المستخدمة‬
12. Too many problems and too much work
(L4. Pg.97)
Use too to express more than enough/necessary, or more than you want.
.‫ للتعبير عن الزيادة في االشياء عن الضرورة او عن الحاجة او عن ما تريد‬too ‫استخدم‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
too many = countable nouns
too much = uncountable nouns
I have too many tests.
He has too much money.
They have too many issues.
There is too much noise in here.
She has too many children.
We get too much homework.
My team has too many players.
There is always too much to do.
too is not the same as very or a lot. ‫يوجد اختالف بين استخدام هذه الكلمات‬
The weather is very hot today – it’s over 39 degrees.
> (We don’t know if this is a problem or not.))‫ال نعرف ان كانت هناك مشكلة ام ال (ال حاجة لفعل شيء فقط نعبر عن الزيادة‬
The weather is too hot – I have to go inside!
> (There is a problem.) )‫هناك مشكلة (البد من عمل شيء‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 16 Grammar
13. Changing verbs to nouns with –tion / -sion
(L4. Pg.110)
Use the suffixes –tion and -sion with certain verbs to express the act of, the condition of, or the result of
the verb.
‫– مع افعال معينة لتحويلها الى اسم يعبر عن نتيجة او حالة بعد الفعل‬sion ‫– و‬tion ‫استخدم االضافات‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
Example
to solve + -tion = solution
Verb
Suffix
expect
invite
apply
satisfy
-tion
+
or
=
destroy
describe
-sion
decide
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
→
the result of solving something
Noun
meaning
expectation
→ the condition of expecting
invitation
→ the act of inviting
application
→ the act of applying something
satisfaction
→ the condition of being satisfied
destruction
→ the result of destroying something
description
→ the result of describing something
decision
→ the result of deciding
36
Issue No. 1.0
Book 17 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns
1
appearance (n) ‫مظهر‬
2
beard (n)
‫لحية‬
3
blonde (n)
‫اشقر‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Their appearance is similar because they’re twins!
= what someone looks like
Some men like to grow a beard.
Sara is from Sweden. She has blonde hair.
= to have fair / yellow hair
= to have brown hair (as a
female)
4
brunette (n)
‫امرأه شهباء‬
She was a brunette before she changed her hair.
5
character (n)
‫شخصية‬
= personality
6
characteristic (n ) ‫سمة‬
7
‫احتياج‬
8
demand (n)
glasses (n)
His thoughts and beliefs make his special character.
‘What are Tim’s characteristics?’
‘He’s reliable and honest.’
Cadets must meet the demands to continue training.
‫نظارات‬
He wears glasses to read the newspaper.
9
judgement (n)
‫حكم‬
Bill has good judgement. He makes the correct choices.
10
moustache (n)
‫شنب‬
I grew a moustache for years but shaved it off today.
11
observation (n) ‫متابعة‬
Officers make observations during cadet training.
12
He has a great personality. He’s fun and very kind.
A good quality of my personality is that I’m reliable.
= characteristic, trait
My friend was a redhead before he became bald.
= to have red hair
15
personality (n) ‫شخصية‬
quality (n)
‫ ميزة‬/)‫سمة (ايجابية‬
redhead (n) ‫الرأس‬/‫احمر الشعر‬
trait (n)
‫سمة‬
= spectacles
= ability to make good
decisions
hair between the nose
and mouth
watch something and
make judgements
= character
One of his personality traits is that he is neat.
= characteristic, quality
16
trust (n)
‫ثقة‬
I have a lot of trust in my friend. He’s very honest.
when you can rely on
someone/something
13
14
= quality, trait
= requests, needs
Verbs
17
demand (v)
‫يحتاج‬
The workers demanded an increase in their salary
18
‫رفض‬
My manager denied my request to leave work early.
‫يعتمد على‬
I can depend on my friends. I’ve known them for years.
= rely on
20
deny (v)
depend on (v)
rely on (v)
= ask for something and
expect to get it, order
= refuse
‫يعتمد على‬
You can rely on me to collect you. I’ll be there!
21
share (v)
‫يشارك‬
For lunch we will buy a large pizza and share it.
= depend on
= to divide out and each
have some
‫يثق‬
Tom lied to me. I don’t trust him at all.
19
trust (v)
Adjectives
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
attractive (adj) ‫جذاب‬
bald (adj)
‫اصلع‬
blond/blonde (adj) ‫اشقر‬
She is very nice and pretty. She’s very attractive.
I began losing my hair in my 20s. Now I’m bald.
Sara is from Sweden. She has blond hair.
= pretty ≠ ugly
= have no hair
= fair, yellow hair
clever (adj)
‫ذكي‬
curly (adj)
‫مجعد‬
demanding (adj) ‫مطلوب‬
dependable (adj) ‫يعتمد عليه‬
dishonest (adj) ‫غير موثوق به‬
elderly (adj)
‫كبير في السن‬
friendly (adj)
‫ودود‬
generous (adj) ‫كريم‬
gray (adj)
‫ شيب‬/ ‫رمادي‬
handsome (adj) ‫وسيم‬
hardworking (adj) ‫يعمل بجد‬
honest (adj)
‫صادق‬/‫نزيه‬
The clever cadets passed the test the first time.
= smart
I had curly hair as a child, but now it’s gone straight.
≠ straight
Being a cadet is demanding. We study and march all day.
= tough, challenging
He’s not very dependable. He always forgets things.
= reliable
A dishonest person cannot be trusted. They lie.
≠ honest
Many elderly people live with their children.
= old
Zac is very friendly. He always waves and smiles.
≠ unfriendly
Tim always shares his food. He’s so generous.
≠ selfish
Elderly people usually have gray hair.
a color
Hollywood actors are always very handsome.
= attractive (male)≠ ugly
He hasn’t stopped all day. He’s so hardworking.
≠ lazy
It’s important to be honest and always tell the truth.
= trustworthy ≠ dishonest
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37
≠ young
Issue No. 1.0
Book 17
Vocabulary
40
irresponsible (adj)
‫ غير مسؤول‬It’s irresponsible to allow kids to play by the river.
You’re so lazy. Why won’t you come and help me?
lazy (adj)
‫كسول‬
It’s mean not to share candy with other children.
mean (adj)
‫عدواني‬
41
messy (adj)
‫فوضوي‬
My bedroom is so messy I can’t find anything.
42
middle (mid)
‫وسط‬
I want to get married in my mid-20s.
43
neat (adj)
‫منظم‬/‫مرتب‬
The barracks must be kept neat and tidy every day.
44
reliable (adj)
‫ كفؤ‬/ ‫موثوق‬
He’s reliable – always on time and finishes his work.
45
49
responsible (adj) ‫مسؤول‬
selfish (adj)
‫اناني‬
stingy (adj)
‫بخيل‬
unfriendly (adj) ‫غير ودود‬
unselfish (adj)
‫ليس انانيا‬
50
wavy (adj)
38
39
46
47
48
‫مموج‬
≠ responsible
≠ hardworking
= nasty ≠ generous
The manager is responsible for the shop.
= unorganized
≠ neat, tidy
mid-20s = about 25
= tidy, organized
≠ messy
= dependable
≠ unreliable
= accountable
He’s selfish. He didn’t help me after he finished.
≠ unselfish
You’re so stingy. You won’t share your pizza.
≠ generous
Unfriendly people never smile or say ‘hello’.
≠ friendly
Unselfish people are always available to help.
≠ selfish
hair in the pattern of
waves
My son’s hair goes wavy if he doesn’t brush it.
Other words and phrases
51 if
..... ‫ او‬....‫ اما ان‬A football manager decides if a player will be selected or not after training.
52
whether
..... ‫ او‬....‫اما ان‬
Lesson 2 Nouns
advertisement (ad)
1
(advert) (n)
‫اعالن‬
You can choose whether you want to go out or not.
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
The advertisement for the sale is in the newspaper.
2
air conditioning (n) ‫مكيف‬
3
argument (n)
‫جدال‬
They had an argument in the car park about a space.
4
court (n)
‫ملعب‬
You can play tennis on a tennis court.
5
district (n)
‫حي‬
This is a nice district to live in.
6
efficiency (n)
)‫غرفة (بمنافعها‬
7
electricity (n)
‫كهرباء‬
8
12
garbage (n)
‫نفايات‬
garbage disposal (n)‫مكب النفايات‬
gas (n)
‫غاز‬
heating (n)
‫التدفئة‬
lease (n)
‫عقد االيجار‬
13
paint (n)
‫طالء‬
You can only use white paint if you are decorating.
14
‫حيوان اليف‬
‘How many pets do you have?’ ‘I have 2 cats.’
‫خصوصية‬
We have high walls so we have a lot of privacy.
16
pet (n)
privacy (n)
real estate (n)
‫عقار‬
Real estate with nice views can be very expensive.
17
section (n)
‫قسم‬
The book is separated into 5 sections.
9
10
11
15
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
Whether often means the
same as if.
In hot weather you switch on the air conditioning.
Advertisements promote
a product.
Air conditioning is for
cooling rooms.
an angry discussion, a
disagreement
the place where you play
tennis /basketball
a part of a town or
region
I lived in an efficiency while saving to buy a house.
= an apartment with the bedroom, kitchen and lounge in one room
energy that powers
The T.V. went off because we had no electricity.
electrical appliances
You mustn’t throw your garbage on the floor.
= waste, rubbish, trash
Put your garbage in the garbage disposal.
= trash can, bin
You can cook with gas on a stove.
When the weather is cold we put on the heating.
warms the house/water
You have to sign the lease before you can move in.
= contract, agreement
colored liquid used to add
color to walls
animals kept in the house
38
= property, land
= a part/piece of
something
Issue No. 1.0
Book 17
‫االمن‬
18
security (n)
19
transportation (n) ‫مواصالت‬
20
utility (n)
21
want ad (n) )‫اعالن طلب (ليس عرض‬
‫خدمة‬
Vocabulary
There is security at the main gate of the base.
I use public transportation to get to work.
The utility bills include the gas, electricity and water.
Put a want ad in the paper if you want to buy a new
house.
how safe something is
= types of transport
e.g., bus, train
energies used to power a
home
= advert (ad)
Verbs
22 advertise (v)
‫يعلن‬
People advertise their property in the newspaper.
23
argue (v)
‫يجادل‬
We argued because we couldn’t agree.
24
consider (v)
‫يضع باالعتبار‬
I am considering moving house. What do you think?
thinking about something
before making a decision
25
The rent for this flat excludes utility bills.
= not part of ≠include
After they argued, the couple fought. It was awful!
= combat ( can be
physical or verbal)
27
exclude (v)
‫يستثني‬
fight (past = fought, pp =
fought) (v)
‫يقاتل‬
furnish (v)
‫يؤثث‬
We must furnish the house. It’s empty right now.
= put furniture in
28
include (v)
‫يتضمن‬
The utility bills include the gas, electric and water.
= consist of, to contain ≠
exclude
29
lease (v)
‫ يؤجر‬/‫يستأجر‬
30
paint (v)
‫يدهن‬
The room was blue but we painted it white.
31
wonder (v)
‫يتساءل‬
I wonder where John will be in 5 years…
Adjectives
32 available
33 central
‫متوفر‬
Extra tickets are available for the show. Let’s get one!
= anyone can get one
‫مركزي‬
My house is in a central location in the city.
My perfect home will have a view and a pool.
= in the middle
= small ad in
newspapers/magazines
= has furniture
≠ unfurnished
= ideal
My house has a private pool so only we can use it.
≠ public
This is a public gym so everyone can use it.
≠ private
The house is unfurnished so you have to buy furniture.
≠ furnished
26
1) You can lease a car at the airport when you arrive.
2) This apartment is already leased out, sorry
34
classified
‫مصنف‬/‫مبوب‬
The classified ads section has many things for sale.
35
furnished
‫مؤثث‬
I bought new furniture so the flat is furnished now.
perfect
‫مثالي‬
37 private
‫خاص‬
38 public
‫عمومي‬
39 unfurnished
‫غير مؤثث‬
Other words and phrases
36
= place an ad
have an angry
discussion
= rent, let
= cover a surface with
paint
to ask yourself a
question
40
due
‫يأتي وقته‬/‫يحل‬
1) Your rent is due next week. Remember to pay it.
2) When is the meeting due to start?
41
excluding
fairly
including
off
‫باستثناء‬
The rent is cheap because it’s excluding any bills.
= expected (to happen /
be paid)
= without ≠ include
‫بقدر ال باس به‬
I live fairly close to work. It takes 15 minutes to walk.
= quite
‫يتضمن‬
Everybody is going to the party, including our teacher.
= with ≠ excluding
‫خارج‬
My house is on Cherry St., just off Cannon Avenue.
leading from or joined to
42
43
44
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
39
Issue No. 1.0
Book 17
Lesson 3 Nouns
1
announcement(n)‫ تصريح‬/ ‫اعالن‬
‫نشيد وطني‬
Vocabulary
= similar meaning
Did you hear the announcement by the boss?
2
anthem (n)
3
chief warrant officer (n)‫رئيس رقباء‬
4
class A uniform (n) ‫زي التشريفات‬
5
commander (n)
‫قائد‬
The commander is the head of a military organization.
6
debt (n)
‫مديونية‬
I owe you $300. When I get paid, I will pay my debt.
7
discipline (n)
‫انضباط‬
Cadets should have good discipline in a classroom.
8
10
first sergeant (n) ‫رقيب اول‬
flag (n)
‫علم‬
gathering (n)
‫تجمع‬
11
government (n)
‫حكومة‬
The government has decided to raise taxes.
12
‫قلب‬
Your heart pumps blood around your body.
13
heart (n)
nation (n)
‫امة‬
France, Spain and Italy are nations in Europe.
14
Occasion (n)
‫منسابة‬
A wedding is an occasion where people can celebrate.
15
official (n)
‫رسمي‬
Officials from different countries met in New York.
16
Parade (n)
‫عرض عسكري‬
Soldiers go on parade to celebrate special occasions.
17
position (n)
‫مكانه‬
‘What is the flag’s position?’ ‘On top of the roof.’
18
retreat (n)
‫تحية العلم‬
The retreat ceremony happens at the end of the day.
9
senior NCO (n)
‫رتبة عالية‬
20 symbol (n)
‫رمز‬
21 warrant officer (n) ‫رئيس رقباء‬
Verbs
Cadets salute the flag when the anthem is played.
≠ opposites
= statement
= a special song, e.g.
national anthem
A chief warrant officer is a rank in the army.
A class A uniform is a uniform for parade.
very formal military
uniform
= something you owe
(usually money)
= follow rules and
regulations
A first sergeant is an important army NCO.
The soldiers will raise the flag and salute.
I am going to a gathering of my old friends.
people coming together
administration of a
country
organ in the body
= country
particular time when
something happens
person with a position
of authority
march in formation, in
front of others
= location, place
= an official military
ceremony
19
A flag is the symbol for a nation.
22
confirm (v)
23
discipline (v)
24
display (v)
25
fly (past = flew, pp = flown)
26
gather (v)
‫ يشكل‬/ ‫يجمع‬
2) The plane flew past the air base.‫يطير‬
Please gather together to hear the announcement.
27
govern (v)
‫ يدير‬/‫يتحكم‬
The US government governs from Washington DC.
28
32
A test indicates how much the cadets have learnt.
indicate (v)
‫يدل على‬
All the soldiers participated in the flag ceremony.
participate (in) (v) ‫يشارك‬
The flag is placed in the middle of the base.
place (v)
‫يوضع في مكان‬
precede (v)‫يأخذ مكانه في االهمية‬/‫ يتجلى‬The flag ceremony precedes the national anthem.
A ‫يحمي‬
nation’s military protects its country.
protect (v)
33
support (v)
29
30
31
‫يؤكد‬
He confirmed that the bills are included in the rent.
The
officer disciplined the cadets for bad behavior.
‫يضبط‬
‫يظهر‬
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The test marks are displayed on the office wall.
= sign
say / show something is
true
= punish
= show something on a
board or screen
1) The US flag flies outside official buildings.‫يرفرف‬
= come together
= rule, control a country
/ region
= show
= take part (in)
= put
= happen before
= defend
The
‫يدعم‬Air Force supports the Army from the air.
to provide help in some
way
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Issue No. 1.0
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Vocabulary
Other words
Although he’s 24 years old, he doesn’t have a license.
Though it was cold the soldiers went on parade.
The soldiers went out, even though it was raining
34
although / though / even
though ‫رغم‬
35
disciplined (adj)
36
38
formal (adj)
‫رسمي‬
informal (adj)
‫غير رسمي‬
international (adj) ‫دولي‬
39
mandatory (adj)
‫الزامي‬
It is mandatory for a soldier to salute his seniors.
40
national
‫وطني‬
The national flag of the USA has stars and stripes.
41
official (adj)
‫من الجهات الرسمية‬
The King made an official announcement yesterday.
37
‫منضبط‬
introduces a clause that
makes the main clause
seem a surprise
You must wear a shirt and tie at formal occasions.
trained to behave in a
controlled way
≠ informal
We had an informal gathering in my back garden.
≠ formal
Ten nations will attend an international meeting.
≠ national
= compulsory, must
≠ optional
concerning all of one
nation
approved by an authority,
e.g. the government
Basic training creates disciplined soldiers.
These are Senior NCO ranks in the US military.
You do not need to learn them. You will not be tested on them in an ALCPT.
42
Sergeant Major
Chief Master Sergeant
Senior Master Sergeant
Master Sergeant
Sergeant First Class
Gunnery Sergeant
Lesson 4 Nouns
Master Chief Petty Officer
Senior Chief Petty Officer
Chief Petty Officer
1
aluminum (n)
‫المنيوم‬
2
battery (n)
‫بطارية‬
3
charge (n)
‫شحن‬
4
circuit (n)
‫دائرة كهرباء‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Most drinks cans are
Aluminum is a light and flexible metal.
made of aluminum.
A battery stores
My mobile phone is off because the battery ran out.
electricity.
the amount of electricity in
An electrical charge is produced by a battery.
a battery
Electricity flows around this circuit.
a complete circular path
5
conductor (n)
‫موصل‬
Wire and water are good conductors of electricity.
6
copper (n)
‫نحاس‬
These electric wires are made of copper.
7
‫سلك الكهرباء‬
Is the cord of the TV long enough to reach the socket?
8
cord (n)
current (n)
‫تيار‬
A flow of electric charge along the circuit is a current.
9
electrician (n)
‫فني كهرباء‬
An electrician is a person who wires your home.
10
energy (n)
‫طاقة‬
Eating bread and rice will give you energy.
11
flow (n)
‫ تدفق‬/ ‫انسياب‬
I can’t swim here. The flow of the river is too strong.
12
generator (n)
‫مولد‬
Use the generator if you need electricity outside.
13
insulation (n)
‫العزل‬
Insulation on a wire protects us from the electricity.
14
insulator (n)
‫عازل‬
Wires are covered in rubber because it is a good insulator.
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a material that electric can
pass through
Copper is a red-brown
metal.
= cable
a person who works with
electricity
a source of power
movement of water or
electricity
A machine that generates
electricity
material used to insulate
things
a material that doesn’t allow
heat or electricity to pass
through it
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Book 17
Vocabulary
15
power (n)
‫ طاقة‬/ ‫قوة‬
Washing machines need electric power.
16
product (n)
‫من َتج‬
The iPhone is Apple’s most famous product.
17
production (n)
‫انتاج‬
Apple is responsible for the production of iPhones.
18
Insulation on wire gives protection from electricity.
22
protection (n)
‫حماية‬
screw (n)
‫مسمار‬
screwdriver (n) ‫مفك المسامير‬
shock (n)
‫صدمة‬
short circuit (n) ‫التماس كهربائي‬
23
switch (n)
‫مفتاح تشغيل‬
It’s dark - put the light on. The switch is on the wall.
We use a switch to turn
things on and off
wire (n)
25 wiring (n)
26 use (n)
Verbs
27 attach (v)
28 charge (v)
29 conduct (v)
30 damage (v)
‫سلك‬
There is wire inside the cord of your kettle.
thin string of metal
‫تمديد االسالك‬
An electrician installs the wiring in a house.
electric circuit of a house
‫االستخدام‬
The use of electricity is important in our daily lives.
‫يربط‬
The cord attaches the kettle to the wall socket.
= fasten ≠unattached
‫يشحن‬
Electricity from the wall socket charges my battery.
fill up with electricity
‫يوصل‬
Metal conducts heat and electricity. Plastic doesn’t.
carry heat or electricity
‫اضرار‬
The storm damaged the roof of my house.
31
flow (v)
‫ يتدفق‬/ ‫ينساب‬
Rivers flow from mountains into the sea.
32
generate (v)
be broken in some way
the movement of water
or electricity
to produce or make
something (e.g., electric,
interest)
19
20
21
24
‫يولد‬
You can’t use screws without a screwdriver.
a tool used to turn screws
Tom touched a broken lamp and got an electric shock.
A short circuit happens when an electric circuit breaks.
This generator will generate enough power for us.
go out (past = went, pp =
When the lights went out, we were in the dark.
gone) out (v) ‫ينتهي‬/‫يغلق‬
34 insulate (v)
Rubber is used to insulate electric wires.
‫يعزل‬
35 power (v)
This small battery powers my phone all day.
‫يشغل‬
36 produce (v)
A small battery produces a small amount of electricity.
‫ينتج‬
37 run (past = ran, pp = run) (v)
‫ يشغل‬If you run the generator, you will get electricity.
38 switch off (v)
Switch off the light when you leave the room.
‫يغلق‬
39 switch on (v) ‫ يدير لوضع التشغيل‬Switch on the light when you enter the room.
40 twist (v)
To open the door, you need to twist the door knob.
‫يلوي‬
Other words and phrases
41 electric (n)
You need electric to power your refrigerator.
‫كهرباء‬
42 electrical (adj)
Homes have many electrical appliances, like TVs.
‫كهربائي‬
43 insulated (adj)
The wire is insulated to give protection from electricity.
‫معزول‬
44 powerful (adj)
Jim is in hospital after having a powerful shock.
‫قوي‬
through
46
something that is made in
a factory
process of making
something
= defense
I used large screws to put my shelves up.
33
45
= energy, electricity
when a light stops shining
give energy to
= make
= operate
= turn of ≠ switch on
= turn on ≠ switch off
= turn
= power
uses electricity
≠ uninsulated
= strong
≠ weak
Put that away when you’re through using it. ‫انتهيت‬
The cord will get damaged through people stepping on it. ‫بسبب‬
I will make a hole and push the wire through it. ‫خالل‬
= finished
= because of
= in one side and out the
other
uninsulated (adj) ‫غير معزول‬
≠ insulated
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Be careful! That uninsulated wire could be dangerous.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 17
Grammar
1. What do these look like to you?
(L1. Pg.11)
Use like after linking verbs when talking about what you see, hear feel, etc.
‫ بعد افعال التوصيل للتعبير عن حالة الفاعل باستخدام المفعول به‬like ‫استخدم‬
Subject
Linking verbs
like
Object + detail
looks
a leaf.
tastes
chocolate ice cream.
sounds
It
your phone.
like
feels
soft cotton.
smells
your toast is burning.
seems
the idea will work.
2. He appears to be a business man.
(L1. Pg.16)
Use to be after seem and appear to make guesses about something.
‫ لتخمين االشياء‬appear ‫ و‬seem ‫ بعد‬to be ‫استخدم‬
Subject
appears / seems
to be
detail
worried.
I / We / You / They
He / She / It
appear(s)
seem(s)
to be
in a hurry.
in a good mood.
raining outside.
3.
The Mona Lisa was painted by _____ .
(L1. Pg.24)
Use the simple past BE passive to talk about events when you either don’t know (or don’t care) who, or what, was
responsible for them.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة المبنية للمجهول للحديث عن االحداث التي ال تعرف من قام بها او انك ال تهتم بمن قام بهذه االعمال‬
Past Active
Sentence
Past Passive
Sentences
(Subject)
Verb
(Object)
The General
switched on
the light.
Subject
BE + past
participle(V3)
Object
The light
was switched on
by the General.
The light
was switched on.
You don’t have to write the object in passive sentences.
‫هذه التفاصيل اختيارية‬
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Examples
Active Sentence
Past Passive Sentence
Barcelona won the league.
The league was won (by Barcelona in 2018).
A thief stole my bike.
My bike was stolen (by a thief).
The RSAF held the ceremony.
The ceremony was held (by the RSAF).
Questions
Yes / No
Question
Information
Question
4.
Where
Was
Subject
Verb 2
detail
Was
the city
built
in 1950?
was
the city
built?
Number + noun: a two-week vacation
(L1. Pg.30)
Use a number + noun to describe certain nouns.
‫ االسم لتعديل بعض االسماء المحددة‬+ ‫استخدم االرقام‬
Number + Noun
three-day
eight-month
She has an eight-month old baby.
two-hour
You get a two-hour lunch break.
three-story
I live in a three-story house.
third-row
We have third-row seats at the opera.
four-star
I only stay in four-star hotels.
two-door
He has a two-door sports car.
twenty-page
5.
Examples
We have a three-day weekend this week.
Did you read that twenty-page report?
Embedding Yes / No questions
(L2. Pg.44)
In direct questions, the verb comes before the noun. In embedded questions, the subject comes before the
verb, like a normal sentence.
‫استخدم االسئلة الضمنية لتخفيف االسئلة المباشرة و جعلها اكثر لباقة‬
Direct question
Is the shop open?
To make it an embedded question, use
an introductory clause or statement
+ if / whether.
Question
Statement
Introductory clause
if /
whether
Could you tell me
if
I don’t know
whether
Excuse me. Could you tell me
if the shop is open?
Question
(or not)
the shop is open
(or not)
?
.
or not is optional. ‫هذه التفاصيل اختيارية‬
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Grammar
Other introductory clauses for embedded questions/statements:
Question beginnings
if /
whether
Statements and/or answers
Do you know…?
I want to
know…
I’m not sure…
Can you tell me…?
I can find out…
I can’t tell you…
Do you have any idea…?
I don’t know…
I can’t remember…
Do you remember…?
I have no
idea…
I wonder…
if
+ whether
Examples
Do you have any idea whether we have a meeting today?
I can’t remember if we have a meeting today.
6.
Embedding information questions
(L2. Pg.45)
You can embed information questions too.
‫بإمكانك ايضا ً استخدام االسئلة الضمنية لالستفسار عن المعلومات‬
Direct question (not polite)
Where is the shop?
To make it an embedded information question:
- use an introductory clause
Excuse me, could you tell me
- keep the question word
where the shop is?
- change the direct question into a statement
(subject + verb)
- .
Other introductory clauses for
Introductory
question
clause
Question
Statement
word
Question
where
the shop is
Could you tell me
?
I can show you
Question beginnings
embedded questions and
statements:
.
Statements
question word
I (want to) know…
if / whether
Do you know…?
I can find out…
what
Can you tell me…?
I don’t know…
when
Do you have any idea…?
I have no idea…
Do you remember…?
I’m not sure…
Did you find out…?
I can’t tell you…
who / whom
Have you forgotten…?
I can’t remember…
whose
Did you forget…?
I wonder…
which
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45
where
how
…
Issue No. 1.0
Book 17
7.
Grammar
Do you like your food spicy?
(L2. Pg.58)
Use this when putting an adjective after the objects of certain verbs.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة عند وضع صفة بعد المفعول به لبعض االفعال المحددة‬
Rakan likes his food spicy.
8.
Spicy food makes Ali sick.
Subject
Verb
Object
Adjective
Wendy
prefers
her tea
warm, not hot.
Mrs. Mona
finds
the students
a bit rude.
The sun
turns
Don
red.
Peanuts
make
me
ill.
We’re studying tag questions, aren’t we?
(L3. Pg.69)
Use tag question after a sentence to check if that sentence is true or not.
‫استخدم االسئلة المذيلة بعد جملة مفيدة للتأكد من صحتها‬
Positive (+) sentence
Negative (--) tag question
You’re going out tonight ,
aren’t you?
The test is at 3 o’clock ,
isn’t it?
Our flight leaves at 10:30 ,
doesn’t it?
In question tags, only use the helping verb, not the main verb.
‫في االسئلة المذيلة استخدم فقط الفعل المساعد دون استخدام الفعل الرئيسي‬
Negative (--) sentence
You’re not going out tonight ,
Positive (+) tag questions
are you?
The test isn’t at 3 o’clock ,
is it?
Our flight doesn’t leave at 10:30 ,
does it?
Note: positive sentence + negative tag question
negative sentence + positive tag question
‫ سؤال مذيل منفي‬+ ‫ جملة ايجابية‬:‫الحظ‬
‫ سؤال مذيل ايجابي‬+ ‫جملة منفية‬
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9.
Grammar
Showing contrast: although, though, & even though
(L3.Pg.79)
Use although, though, & even though to introduce a clause which makes the main clause seem a surprise.
‫ مع العبارة االبتدائية لتجعل الجملة الرئيسية تبدو مفاجئة‬although, though, even though ‫استخدم‬
Herman turned up at the party,
even though he wasn’t invited.
Although it’s raining, we
will still march outside.
What a loser!
Conjunctions of contrast
Although
Though
Even though
OK, I’ll get my jacket.
“Surprising” main clause
it says no parking
,
he parked there anyway.
he didn’t study
,
he still passed his test.
You can put the conjunctions, and the clause attached to it, before or after the main clause.
‫بإمكانك وضع هذه الكلمات مع العبارة التابعة لها قبل او بعد الجملة الرئيسية‬
“Surprising” main clause
He parked there anyway
,
He still passed his test
,
Conjunctions of contrast
although
though
even though
it says no parking.
he didn’t study.
10. Change embedded questions into to- infinitive phrases
(L3. Pg.88)
Embedded question clauses that use could, should, or can can be shorted to to-infinitive phrases.
to-infinitive ‫ يمكن ان تختصر الى عبارات‬could, should, can ‫عبارات االسئلة الضمنية التي تبدأ ب‬
Main clause
I don’t know
Do you know
embedded question clause
to-infinitive (Verb1)
what
I should
do
→
what to do?
when
we can
leave
→
when to leave?
how
I could
fix it
→
how to fix it?
who/whom
we could
ask
→
who/whom to ask.
which bus
I can
take
→
which bus to take.
whose plan
we should
follow
→
whose plan to follow.
Examples
I don’t know which bus to take to get to town.
Do you know what to do with this?
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Grammar
11. I swim well, and Jane does too./ so does Jane.
(L4. Pg.101)
Use too and so to show that a positive statement is similar to another positive statement.
‫ لتوضح تشابه جملة تاكيدية مع جملة تأكيدية‬so ‫ و‬too ‫استخدم‬
‫اخرى‬
Statement 1
Statement 2
We’re ready now.
They’re ready now.
BE verbs
We’re ready now,
so + helping verb + subject
Examples:
and
so are they.
Subject + helping verb + too
You’re going to Paris, and we are too.
I’m having a party, and so are they.
I swim well.
She swims well.
Other verbs
I swim well,
Examples:
and
she does too.
so does she.
We study too much, and they do too.
You can play the piano.
I can play the piano.
Modals
You can play the piano, and
Examples:
I can too.
so can I.
They can march very well, and we can too.
Jack has been to Spain.
I’ve been to Spain.
Helping verb
Jack has been to Spain, and
Examples:
they are too.
I have too.
so have I.
He’s finished his lunch, and Ahmad has finished too.
With so and too, only use the helping verb, not the main verb.
‫استخدم هنا الفعل المساعد و ليس الفعل الرئيسي‬
12.
I didn’t win and he didn’t either. /neither did he.
(L4. Pg.106)
Use either and neither to show that a negative idea is similar to another negative idea.
‫ لتوضح ان جملة منفية تتشابه مع جملة منفية اخرى‬neither ‫ و‬either ‫استخدم‬
BE verbs
Statement 1
Statement 2
We aren’t doing well.
They aren’t doing well.
We aren’t doing
well,
neither + helping verb + subject
Use neither with a positive verb.
‫ مع الفعل المؤكد‬neither ‫استخدم‬
Examples:
and
they’re not either.
neither are they.
Subject + helping verb + either
Use either with a negative verb.
‫ مع الفعل المنفي‬either ‫استخدم‬
You aren’t going to Paris, and we’re not either.
I’m not having a party, and neither are they.
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I didn’t run fast.
Other
verbs
Grammar
She didn’t run fast.
I didn’t run fast,
she didn’t either.
and
neither did she.
With either and neither , only use the helping verb, not the main verb.
‫ استخدم الفعل المساعد فقط دون استخدام الفعل الرئيسي‬neither ‫ و‬either ‫مع‬
Examples:
We didn’t study much, and they didn’t either.
You didn’t eat all that and neither did he.
Modals
&
helping
verbs
You haven’t seen it.
Examples:
You haven’t seen it,
I haven’t seen it.
I haven’t either.
and
neither has she.
They can’t march very well, and we can’t either.
We can’t go to the beach on Saturday, and neither can you.
13. While chewing, your mouth must be closed.
(L4. Pg.118)
You can use the passive with modals. The passive is used when the speaker puts emphasis on the receiver of
an action rather than the doer of an action.
.‫ المبني للمجهول يستخدم اذا كنا نريد التركيز على المفعول به اكثر من الفاعل لهذا الفعل‬.‫تستطيع استخدام صيغة المبني للمجهول مع االفعال الناقصة‬
BE
(infinitive)
Modal
Mistakes
can
Your caps
must always
Some behaviour
might not
be
Past
participle
made
when learning.
taken off
in class.
considered
polite.
Always use the bare infinitive - be ‫دائما استخدم هذه الصيغة‬
‫للفعل‬
14. Changing adjectives to verbs with –en
(L4. Pg.123)
You can add –en to some adjectives to make verbs which mean to
become or to cause to become.
‫ يجمد‬- ‫– لتحويل بعض الصفات الى افعال (اشتقاق الفعل من الصفة) مثل جامد‬en ‫استخدم االضافة‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
Adjective
Verb
Examples
short
shorten
I will shorten my shoelace.
sweet
sweeten
Sweeten your tea with sugar.
straighten
Please, straighten your desks.
straight
wide
Suffix
+
-en
=
widen
I must widen my garage.
tight
tighten
Can you tighten this knot?
flat
flatten
They have to flatten the field.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3a-GRM/VGB-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 18
Book 19
Book 20
Book 21
Name: _________________________
Number: __________
Teacher: ____________________
Contents
Vocabulary
Book 18
3
Grammar
Book 18
17
Vocabulary
Book 19
24
Grammar
Book 10
42
Vocabulary
Book 20
49
Grammar
Book 20
62
Vocabulary
Book 21
49
Grammar
Book 21
62
Additional vocabulary
69
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
0
DLI American Language Course
Grammar &
Vocabulary
Issue No. 1.0
‫نصائح الستخدام هذا الكتيب‬
Tips on using this booklet
‫ات‬
Use this booklet at home and after to class revise what ‫ هذا‬.‫استخدم هذا الكتيب بعد انتهاء الحصص لمراجعة ما تعلمته مع معلمك‬
you learn in class. Use your main coursebook in class.
.‫الكتيب ليس بديال عن الكتاب االساسي‬
Remember – to really learn the grammar and words
here, you must practice using them with your
teacher. To get a 60 in the ALCPT, you need to know
how words are used in sentences, and do this very
fast. Memorising a list and translations will not get
you a 60 in the ALCPT.
‫ عليك ان تمارس استخدامهم مع‬,‫تذكر – حتى تتعلم القواعد و الكلمات فعليا‬
‫ عليك ان تعلم كيفية استخدام‬,ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫ حتى تحصل على‬.‫معلمك‬
‫ مجرد حفظ قائمة من الكلمات و‬.‫ و ان تقوم بذلك بسرعة‬,‫الكلمات في الجمل‬
. ALCPT ‫ في اختبار‬60 ‫ترجمتها لن يمنحك ال‬
Test yourself and your friends – ask for the spelling,
example sentence, similar meaning, opposite or
example for a word.
,‫ وضعها في جمل‬,‫اختبر نفسك و كذلك اصدقائك – اسأل عن تهجئة الكلمات‬
.‫ عكسها او مثال لما تعنيه هذه الكلمة‬,‫مرادفاتها‬
Also, to make sure you get a 60 in the ALCPT, you
need more words than are in this booklet. Write in
more words you learn in the Additional Vocabulary
Notes section.
‫تحتاج الى المزيد من الكلمات‬ALCPT ‫ في‬60 ‫حتى تتأكد من الحصول على‬
‫ اكتب المزيد من الكلمات التي تعلمتها في قسم‬.‫عن ما هو متوفر في هذا الكتيب‬
Additional Vocabulary Notes
Key
adjective clause
‫جملة صفة‬
adverb
‫حال‬
clause
‫شبة جملة‬
indefinite pronouns
negative
past participle
‫الضمائر المجهولة‬
‫نفي‬
‫التصريف الثالث للفعل‬
command
‫أمر‬
positive
‫إثبات‬
comparative
‫مقارنة‬
possibility
‫اإلحتمالية‬
conditional
‫شرط‬
purpose
‫الغرض‬
details
‫تفاصيل‬
present perfect
‫المضارع التام‬
example
‫مثال‬
present perfect
progressive
‫المضارع التام المستمر‬
express
‫تعبير‬
preposition
‫حرف الجر‬
gerund
‫الجواب‬
reported speech
‫الكالم المنقول‬
infinitive
to-infinitive
‫مجرد‬
requests
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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‫طلب‬
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
1
academy (n)
2
anthropology (n) ‫علم االنسان‬
Tom studied anthropology at university.
3
appointee (n) ‫موظف متعين حديثا‬
There were five new appointees to the government.
4
appointment (n)
Joe made an appointment to see the doctor.
5
6
biology (n)
campaign (n)
7
candidate (n)
‫المرشح‬
There are six candidates for the vacant job.
8
chemistry (n)
‫الكيمياء‬
Chemistry was my favorite science subject in school.
9
design (n)
‫تصميم‬
I saw the design of the building before it was built.
10
‫االقتصاد‬
I studied economics and I now work in finance.
11
economics (n)
engineer (n).
‫مهندس‬
Tom is a mechanical engineer - he fixes plane engines.
12
engineering (n)
‫الهندسة‬
This new bridge is an example of fine engineering.
13
graduate (n)
‫يتخرج‬
Don is a graduate from Harvard University.
14
leader (n)
‫قائد‬
Bill is in charge. He is the team leader for the project
15
leadership (n)
‫القيادة‬
You must show good leadership to be a manager.
16
physics (n)
‫فيزياء‬
Physics is one of the oldest science subjects.
17
president (n)
‫رئيس‬
I will improve the country when I am president.
18
My school has many study programs for all students.
19
program (n)
‫برنامج‬
qualification (n) ‫مؤهل‬
20
science (n)
‫علوم‬
Chemistry, biology and physics are all science subjects.
21
scientist (n)
‫عالم‬
Albert Einstein was a great scientist.
22
semester (n)
‫ ترم‬/ ‫فصل‬
After the summer semester, John will leave school.
23
social science (n) ‫علوم انسانية‬
Tom studied social sciences because he likes people.
24
sociology (n)
‫علم االجتماع‬
Sociology is the study of how people live together.
strategy (n)
Verbs
26 acquire (v)
‫استراتيجية‬
The government has a strategy to create more jobs.
= a plan or program
‫يحصل‬
The team acquired three new players this year.
= get, buy
= to choose or select a
person for a job
‫اكاديمية‬
‫موعد‬
‫علم االحياء‬
‫ المقر االنتخابي‬/ ‫خطة انتخابية‬
25
Bill is attending a military academy in the States.
Todd’s dad is a biology teacher - he loves animals!
= college
= the study of human
cultures
= a person who is given a
job or role
= meet someone at a fixed
time and place
= the study of living things
You need a strong campaign to win an election.
= a person who applies for a
job
= the study of what
materials are made of
= a drawing to show how
something is made
= designing and building
machines or buildings
= a person who has a degree
or diploma
= a person in control of a
team or organization
= ability to lead
= the study of energy, heat
and light
= the head of a state or
country
I went to university to gain some qualifications.
Examples:
physics,
chemistry, biology
= a person who studies
science
Examples:
anthropology,
sociology
= the study of society and
how it works
27
appoint (v)
‫يحدد‬
The company will appoint a new director this week.
28
design (v)
‫يصمم‬
The school designed a new course for English.
29
elect (v)
‫ينتخب‬
The USA elects a new president every four years.
30
The Royal Saudi Air Force was established in 1922.
= set up, start, create
establish (v)
‫يؤسس‬
lead
(1) ‫ يتولى زمام االمور‬/ ‫ يرأس‬The new president will lead the country from January. (1) = to be in charge of
(2) = to move forward;
(past = led) (2)
‫ يقود الى‬/ ‫ يرشد‬He led the race from beginning to end.
≠ to follow
(pp = led) (v)
31
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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= to choose a person or
people as their leader(s)
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
= to give someone a reason
for doing a job
(1) = to appoint or select
(2) = to give a name to
motivate (v)
‫يحفز‬
name (v)
(1) ‫ يتم اختياره‬In 2017, Donald Trump was named President of USA.
(2) ‫ يسمي‬That plane is named ‘Tornado’ after the wind.
qualify (v)
‫يؤهل‬
reach (v)
(1) ‫ يحقق‬Liverpool FC reached the final, but they lost.
(2) ‫يصل الى مكان‬We will reach the airport in two hours from now.
(3) ‫‘ يتواصل‬I’m sorry, I can’t reach Tom; I’ll call again later’.
vote (v)
‫يصوت‬
You have to be 18 to vote in the elections.
Adjectives
37 academic (adj)
‫اكاديمي‬
Schools and universities are academic institutions.
38
current (adj)
‫حالي‬
My current salary is $5500. It was $4500 last year.
39
eligible (adj )‫ مؤهل‬/‫جدير باالختيار‬
Gem has a US passport. He is eligible to play for USA.
40
motivated (adj) ‫محفَز‬
We had to motivate Jon - he wasn’t motivated earlier.
≠ demotivated
41
political (adj)
‫سياسي‬
I’m very political. I always talk about the government.
=
connected
government
42
‫رئيسي‬
Zak’s primary goal this year is to pass this exam.
= main
43
primary (adj)
qualified (adj)
‫مؤَهل‬
Tim is a qualified engineer. He can work design bridges.
≠ unqualified
44
social (adj)
‫اجتماعي‬
Smoking cigarettes is still a social health problem.
= connected to people and
groups of people
32
33
34
35
36
Good teachers motivate their students to work hard.
Tom will qualify for the job if he passes this test.
= to reach a required level
(1) = to meet a goal
(2) = to arrive at
(3) = to get a message to or
make contact
= to make a formal choice in
an election
connected with education
= happening / being used /
done now
= allowed, qualified
≠ ineligible
with
Other words
)......‫ و‬.....‫تستخدم عند الحديث عن شيئين و انطباق الفعل المؤكد عليهما (كال‬
45
both … and
46
either … or
47
neither … nor
48
not only … but also
49
as
This flower grows in both America and Argentina.
) ......... ‫ او‬...... ‫تستخدم للتخيير بين احد الشيئين ( اما ان‬
Either you come with us or stay at home.
)...... ‫ و ال‬..... ‫تستخدم عند الحديث عن شيئين و عدم انطباق الفعل عليهما (ال‬
I have been to neither Italy nor Spain.
‫ عندما كان‬/ ‫كـ‬
).......... ‫ انما ايضا‬.........‫إلضافة شيء اخر لما معروف سلفا (ليس فقط‬
He came not only to Texas but also to California.
He had often been sick as a child.
Lesson 2 Nouns
= a choice of two things
= none of them
= both
= during that time
= similar meaning
≠ opposites
= a thing to stop people going
further
= the part of the land that
joins the sea
1
barricade (n)
‫حواجز‬
The police put up barricades to stop the traffic.
2
coast (n)
‫الساحل‬
Jubail is by the sea on the eastern coast of KSA.
3
condition (n)
‫حالة‬
I need new shoes as mine are in poor condition.
= the state of something
4
damage (n)
‫اضرار‬
The storm caused great damage to our town.
= destruction or injury to
something/someone
5
‫خطر‬
Staying in the sun without protection is a danger.
‫هتان‬/‫رذاذ‬
The weather forecast tomorrow is drizzle.
‫اخالء‬
Evacuation is required when the fire alarm sounds.
8
danger (n)
drizzle (n)
evacuation (n)
fact (n)
‫حقيقة‬
It’s a fact that the earth goes around the sun.
= something which is true
9
flash (n)
‫وميض‬
I heard thunder after the flash of lightning.
= a sudden light happening
very quickly
10
flood (n)
‫فيضان‬
fog (n)
‫ضباب‬
force (n)
‫قوة‬
forecast (n) ‫نشرة االحوال الجوية‬
6
7
11
12
13
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
= light rain
The flood was caused by the amount of rain water.
Drive very slowly in fog, or stop if you can’t see.
Tim said the force of the wind was over 90mph.
= the power of something
The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.
= what might happen in the
3
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
14
hail (n)
‫حبات البَ َرد‬/‫بَ َرد‬
The hail was very loud as it fell on the ground.
15
hazard (n)
‫خطر‬
This wet floor is a hazard. Be careful not to slip.
16
hurricane (n)
‫اعاصير‬
The hurricane blew the roof off my house.
17
lightning (n)
‫برق‬
The lightning lit up the sky during the storm.
18
sleet (n) ‫مطر ممزوج بالثلج‬
The rain is expected to turn to sleet later today.
19
thunder (n)
‫رعد‬
Simon heard the thunder after the lightning.
20
tornado (n)
‫اعصار‬
The tornado blew several trees over.
21
visibility (n)
‫الرؤية‬
The fog will reduce visibility to just 5 meters.
22
warning (n)
‫انذار‬
weatherman (n)
23
There is a weather warning for heavy rain today.
‫ يتكيف مع‬/ ‫يعتاد على‬
= advice of caution
= be used to; become normal
through experience
27
drizzle (v)
‫تمطر رذاذا‬
Tim is used to hot weather. He has lived in Saudi
Arabia for 10 years.
You need your umbrella because it’s drizzling.
28
evacuate (v)
‫ يُجلي‬/ ‫يُخلي‬
If you hear the fire alarm, evacuate the building.
29
The lightning flashed for many minutes.
flash (v)
‫يومض‬
All the rain flooded the streets. I can’t drive home!
flood (v)
‫يفيض‬
forecast (v) (past = forecast) (pp = forecast) ‫يستعرض نشرة االحوال الجوية‬
34
= the loud noise made during
a storm
= a dangerous wind that flows
in a circle
= the distance you can see in
front of you
Jason is Chinese. He is used to spicy food.
‫يعتاد على‬
33
= rain and snow mixed
= to block or protect an area
be used to (v)
32
= a strong storm with winds
over 32m/sec
= an electrical flash in the sky
during a storm
The police barricaded the danger area.
26
31
= a danger or risk
The weatherman on TV says it will rain tomorrow.
‫قارئ نشرة االحوال الجوية‬
Verbs
24 barricade (v)
‫يحجز‬
be accustomed to (v)
25
30
future
= frozen rain that falls in small
balls of ice
The weatherman forecast heavy winds later.
It often hails in these mountains during winter.
hail (v)
‫تساقط البَ َرد‬
In cold weather, look out for ice on the roads.
look out (for) (v) ‫ احذر‬/ ‫انتبه‬
rise (v) (past = rose) (pp = risen) ‫يرتفع‬
The rivers rises when it rains heavily.
= to be accustomed to
= light rain
= to leave quickly because of
danger
= say what the weather will
be
= to be careful (of)
= increase
≠ fall
run into (v) (past = ran into) (pp = run into)
(1) ‫ يلتقي بالصدفة‬Josh ran into Tom, his brother, yesterday.
(2) ‫ يصطدم‬Sara’s car ran into a truck but she wasn’t injured.
35
(1) = to meet by chance
(2) = crash into
set up (v) (past = set up) (pp = set up)
36
(1) ‫ يجهز‬/ ‫ يعد‬Robert sets up his market stall here every day.
(2) ‫ يبني‬/ ‫ يؤسس‬The company plans to set up a new office.
37
sleet (v)
‫ هطول مطر ممزوج بالثلج‬It’s going to rain but I don’t think it will sleet.
strike (v) (past = struck) (pp = struck)
‫ يضرب‬/ ‫يعصف‬
38
Lightning usually strikes the tallest buildings.
39
take precaution(s) (v) ‫اخذ الحيطة‬
Please take precautions when you’re in the sun.
40
warn (v)
I warned you about the speed camera.
41
watch out (for) (v)
42
wish (v)
‫يحذر‬
‫انتبه لـ‬
‫يتمنى‬
Watch out for ice on the road this winter.
I wish I was rich. I would buy a big house!
(1) to build something
(2) to establish
= hit
= protect yourself
= tell someone about a
problem or danger
= be careful of something or
someone
= to want something that is
unlikely
Adjectives
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
4
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
If the weather is favorable, we’ll have a picnic.
= pleasing, good
≠ unfavorable
It was too foggy to drive.
= lots of fog
45
foggy (adj)
‫ضبابي‬
hazardous (adj) ‫خطير‬
Be careful! Driving conditions are hazardous.
= dangerous
46
invisible (adj)
‫غير مرئي‬
I couldn’t see the ice on the road, it was invisible.
47
likely (adj)
‫محتمل‬
A heavy storm is likely this week.
48
probable (adj)
‫محتمل‬
Heavy storms are probable in winter.
‫ شديد‬/ ‫قارس‬
I’m in hospital because I had a severe accident.
‫ بشكل قارس‬/ ‫بشدة‬
The storm severely damaged the town.
43
favorable (adj)
44
severe (adj)
Other words
50 severely (adv)
49
Lesson 3
‫رائع‬
Nouns
= unable to be seen
≠ visible
= probable
≠ unlikely
= likely to happen
≠ improbable, unlikely
= very serious
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
(1) = when people share the
same opinion
(2) = a decision about what to
do
(1) = money or services given
by a company
(2) = an advantage
= someone in authority, a
manager
= something that causes
worry
agreement (n)
(1) ‫ اتفاق‬The company came to an agreement with its workers.
(2) ‫ قرار باإلجماع‬We made an agreement to change our holiday dates.
benefit (1) (n)
(1) ‫ مميزات وظيفية‬A company car is one benefit of working here.
(2) ‫ فائدة‬It will be to your benefit if you do your homework.
3
chief (n)
‫رئيس‬
Each department has a section chief in charge.
4
concern (n)
‫قلق‬
The trip was cancelled because of safety concerns.
5
disagreement (n)
‫عدم اتفاق‬
There is disagreement about when to start work.
6
employee (n)
‫موظف‬
Starbucks has 238,000 employees around the world.
7
employer (n)
‫جهة التوظيف‬
Saudi Aramco is the biggest employer in this city.
8
Jane found employment in a local supermarket.
= regular work
9
employment (n) ‫توظيف‬
head (n)
‫قائد‬
The head of the engineering department is Mr Smith.
= leader
10
point (n)
‫المقصد‬
My point is that we’re spending too much money.
11
policy (n)
‫سياسة‬
The company policy is that jeans are not permitted.
12
supervisor (n)
‫مشرف‬
My supervisor tells me what to do at work.
= manager, boss
13
unemployment (n) ‫بطالة‬
Unemployment rose by 20% when the factory closed.
= not having regular paid
work
1
2
≠ agreement
= a person who works for a
company
= the company or person you
work for
= the thing you are trying to
say
= an official set of plans or
actions
Verbs
14
advise (v)
‫ينصح‬
The doctor advised Jenny to rest.
= give information on the best
thing to do
15
‫موافقة‬
Fred asked Jane to marry him and she agreed!
≠ disagree
16
agree (v)
benefit (v)
‫يستفيد‬
Employees will benefit from the new health plan.
= to get help or an advantage
17
can’t be (v)
‫ال يمكن ان‬
He can’t be the new chief; he’s much too young!
18
convince (v)
‫يقنع‬
I didn’t believe it but he convinced me and now I do!
19
couldn’t be (v)
‫لم يستطع ان‬
John couldn’t be driving here - he can’t drive!
20
disagree (v)
employ (v)
‫ال يوافق‬/‫يعترض‬
Bob disagreed with Tom about the new policy.
≠ agree
Our company employed 25 new people this month.
= give someone a job
21
‫يوظف‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
5
= something that is impossible
or wrong
= say thing so that someone
believes something
= something that is impossible
or wrong (in the past)
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
22
23
= to lose your job
Employees will be fired if they break the rules.
fire (v)
‫يفصل من وظيفة‬
get off (v) (past = got off) (pp = gotten off) ‫ يجاز‬Employees get 20 days off per year.
get rid of (v) (past = got rid of) (pp = gotten rid of)
(1) = to fire someone
(2) = remove, throw away
(1) ‫ يجاز‬The company got rid of me because of high costs.
(2) ‫ يتخلص من‬Henry got rid of his old TV and bought a new one.
24
hire (v)
permit (v)
point out (v)
‫يوظف‬
Last year the company hired fifty new employees.
‫يسمح لـ‬
Mobile phones are not permitted in the TSI.
(1) ‫يحدد‬/‫ يخبر‬The supervisor pointed out the times for lunch.
(2) ‫يستعرض‬/‫ يري‬I can’t see Tom in the crowd. Can you point him out?
(1) to tell someone something
(2) to show
supervise (v)
‫يشرف‬
Jerry supervises a team of ten people in the factory.
= to be in charge of someone
or something
Adjectives
29 chief (adj)
30 concerned (adj)
‫رئيسي‬
I do many things but this is my chief responsibility.
= main, the most important
‫قلق بشان‬
I’m concerned about the noise my car is making.
= to be worried about
31
definite (adj)
‫مؤكد‬
It’s definite, my boss confirmed I will go to New York.
= certain
≠ indefinite
32
excellent (adj)
indefinite (adj)
‫ممتاز‬
“Excellent work, James. You will get a bonus for this.”
Mr Jones will be away for an indefinite period of time.
I don’t know when he will be back.
= very good, perfect
The Army’s main role is to protect the country.
= most important
25
26
27
28
33
34
35
36
‫ غير معروف‬/ ‫غير مؤكد‬
main (adj)
‫رئيسي‬
personal (adj)
‫شخصي‬
unemployed (adj) ‫عاطل عن‬
41
= unknown, amount
≠ definite
Don’t use your personal cell phone at work.
I don’t have a regular job, sadly. I’m unemployed.
= not being in regular paid
work
‫حاليا‬
Now that I’m married, I don’t go out very often.
= at present
‫بشكل رئيسي‬
Jennifer is chiefly responsible for the design team.
= mainly, mostly
‫شخصيا‬
Personally, I think we should follow the old policy.
= in my opinion, in my view
‫فهم المقصد‬
I hope you get the point of the new policy. If not, ask.
= understand
On the one hand, John loves this job; on the other
hand, the pay isn’t very good.
We use these phrases when
we compare an advantage and
a disadvantage.
“I think we can win. What’s your point of view, Ken?”
= opinion
‫العمل‬
Other words
37 now (that)
38 chiefly (adv)
39 personally (adv)
40 get the point
= to allow
on the one hand /
on the other hand
‫ على الجانب االخر‬/‫على الجانب االول‬
42
point of view ‫وجهة نظر‬
to tell you the truth (1)
43
(1) = actually
(1) ‫ في الحقيقة‬To tell you the truth, I’m worried about this new job.
(2) ‫ بصراحة‬To tell you the truth, we don’t have enough money to keep the factory open. (2) = honestly, truly
Lesson 4
Nouns
= similar meaning
2
childhood (n)
‫الطفولة‬
consideration (n) ‫االعتبار‬
3
out of control (n)
‫خارج السيطرة‬
4
detail(s) (n)
‫تفاصيل‬
5
disability (n)
‫االحتياجات الخاصة‬
1
6
7
8
I had a happy childhood growing up with my brothers.
= the time as a child
Thanks for the offer but after consideration, I decline.
After the engine stopped, the plane went out of
control.
Please give me your personal details for your visa.
= thought
My dad has a disability so we installed a stair lift.
force (n)
(1) )‫ قوة (فيزيائية‬You need to use force to plug the wire in.
(2) )‫ قوة (عسكرية‬My country is sending forces to help with the crisis.
memory (n)
(1) ‫ الذاكرة‬I remember my childhood well; I have a good memory.
(2) ‫ ذكريات‬The old photos brought back sad memories.
My share of the pizza is small – yours is big.
‫مساهمة‬
share (n)
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
≠ opposites
6
≠ in control
= facts, information
= medical difficulties mentally
or physically
(1) = pressure, power
(2) = a group of trained
people, an army
(1) = ability to remember
(2) = something remembered
= a part of something larger
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Vocabulary
Verbs
9
blame (v)
10 blind (v)
‫يلوم‬
‫يسبب فقدان البصر‬
I blame the weather for the game being cancelled.
Never look directly at the sun, it will blind you.
bring back (past = brought) (pp = brought) (v) ‫نحاس‬
(1) ‫ يعيد‬You can borrow this but bring it back later.
(2) ‫ يسترجع‬I saw an old movie and it brought back happy memories.
11
= to say who is at fault
(1) = give back, return
(2) = remember things from
the past
= lift, hold and move
something
12
carry (v)
13
communicate (v) ‫يتواصل‬
control (v)
‫يتحكم‬
could have (v)
‫بمقدوره ان‬
People can communicate by phone or email.
16
force (v)
You can’t force Tim to come. You need to persuade him.
= make someone do something
they don’t want to do
17
Please look after the children when I go shopping.
= care for
18
look after (v)
‫يهتم بـ‬
ought to have (v) ‫كان باألحرى ان‬
My phone ran out of battery. I ought to have checked.
= should have
19
persuade (v)
I wasn’t going to help but Joe persuaded me to.
= make or ask someone to do
something
20
Please remind me to get petrol or we will run out.
remind (v)
‫يُ َذكر‬
set aside (past = set) (pp = set) (v) ‫يدخر‬
14
15
21
22
23
24
‫يحمل‬
‫يجبر‬
‫يلح‬
Can you help me carry these boxes. They’re too heavy.
Please control your dog - it’s running all over the park.
Tom could have gone, but he decided to stay here.
We have to set aside some money for our vacation.
I should have studied more; now I’ve failed my test.
should have (v) ‫نحاس‬
You aren’t qualified; you shouldn’t have done that.
should not have (v) ‫كان علي ان‬
spoil (v)
(1) ‫ يفسد‬The refrigerator was turned off so the food spoiled.
(2) ‫ يبالغ بالدالل‬If you spoil your kids, they will always expect everything.
Adjectives & adverbs
25 blind (adj)
Jennifer’s almost blind. Please help her up the stairs.
‫اعمى‬
Please speak louder because Jon is a little deaf.
26 deaf (adj)
‫اصم‬
The elevators are for disabled people who can’t walk.
27 disabled (adj) ‫ذا احتياجات خاصة‬
28 sudden (adj)
The sudden noise startled me.
‫مفاجئ‬
Other words and phrases
along
(1) ‫ مع‬Yes, Johnny can come along with us to the movies.
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
(2) ‫ متزامن‬You can see the fence runs along the highway.
(3) ‫ على طول الـ‬Go along this road for 10 meters and you’ll find it.
Jane felt fine. Then all of a sudden she was sick.
all of a sudden ‫و فجأة‬
Spain are excellent at football. However, they lost.
however (adv)
‫ لكن‬/ ‫و مع ذلك‬
We work on many planes here, such as the Tornado.
such as (adj)
‫مثل‬
take for granted (past = took) (pp = taken) (v) ‫يضمن‬
Nobody says thank you to me; everybody takes me for granted.
take into consideration (past = took) (pp = taken) (v) ‫يضع بعين االعتبار‬
We will take your opinion into consideration.
He is injured. He was therefore unable to work.
therefore (adv) ‫نتيجة لذلك‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
= share information
7
= make someone remember
= to save
= ought to have
≠ should have
(1) = (food) go off
(2) = treat too well
= unable to see
= unable to hear
= people with disabilities
= very quick, without warning
(2) = parallel with
(3) = move forward
= suddenly
= for example
= not appreciate
= give thought to
≠ ignore
= as a result
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
1. It’s unlikely that the boss will agree with us.
(L1. Pg.6)
Use it + BE + the adjectives below to express a conclusion from an observation.
‫ الصفات التي في االسفل للتعبير عن الخاتمة من خالل مالحظة شيء‬+ Be ‫ فعل‬+ it ‫استخدم‬
‫ما‬
It + BE
It’s
Adjective
100% true / clear
likely / probable
possible
25% unlikely / doubtful
(that)
Conclusion
+
a conclusion
made from an
observation
that is optional
‫ اختياري‬that ‫استخدام‬
(that)
Examples
It’s clear that you don’t like me.
It’s likely that he’ll pass the ALCPT.
It’s possible Liverpool will win the league.
It’s doubtful it’ll rain.
2. Choices with correlative conjunctions
(L1. Pg.14)
Use these conjunctions to emphasize the reason why the items are joined.
‫استخدم أدوات الربط المتالزمة للتأكيد على سبب ارتباط األشياء‬
Correlative
conjunctions
Example
both … and …
Both Ali and Ammar have
new cars.
not only… but also…
Not only does Ali have a
car but Ammar does also.
Ali’s car
Ammar’s car
You can have either a pizza or a burger for lunch.
either … or …
(choose; not both)
They have been to neither Brazil nor Japan.
neither … nor
3. I asked him if we had any homework.
(L1. Pg.20)
Use this to report from a present tense.
‫ اللغوية بهذه الصيغة لنقل حديث في الزمن المضارع‬if ‫استخدم قاعدة‬
Direct question
‫سؤال مباشر‬
Reported question
‫سؤال منقول‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
What are we studying today? Do
we have any homework
tomorrow, Mr. Jones?
I’ll answer your questions at
the end of class.
I asked him if we had any homework. I
also asked him what we would study
tomorrow.
What did you
ask Mr. Jones?
8
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
Direct Yes/No question
Do
we have any homework?
if / whether
we had any homework.
Reported question
I asked him
Change the Present tense to a Past tense
‫غير الزمن المضارع الى ماضي‬
Direct information question
What
will we study today?
what
we would study today.
Reported question
I asked him
Change the modal verb
‫غير الفعل الناقص‬
Examples
Direct questions
Reported questions
Where’s my cap?
Faisal asked him where his cap was.
Who will be at the party?
4.
They asked her who would be at the party.
Does my tie look OK?
He asked me whether his tie looked OK.
What time is Jim leaving?
I asked him what time Jim was leaving.
If I had longer arms, I could be the champion.
(L2. Pg.38)
Use this to talk about an unreal condition in the present.
‫استخدم هذه القاعدة اللغوية للحديث عن حاالت غير حقيقة في الوقت الحاضر‬
IF-clause (unreal condition in the present)
Subject
If
I / you / he
she / we
they / it
Main clause (result)
Past / was / were
detail
Subject + Modal + detail
were(n’t)
at the TSI
you would be at home.
had
more time
wanted
to pass
The past tense verbs DO NOT mean
something happened in the past!
‫زمن الفعل الماضي ال يعني أن الشيء حدث في‬
‫الماضي‬
,
I could read more.
he might study harder.
would – this will happen for sure (100%)
might –maybe it will happen (50%)
could – it can happen because of ability or
possibility, or there is permission
%100 ‫ تدل على نسبة حصول الشيء‬- would
%50 ‫قد يحدث الشيء بنسبة‬- might
‫ قد يحدث بسبب القدرة أو اإلمكانية أو يكون هناك إذن‬- could
Examples
If I were him, I wouldn’t spend all that money on clothes.
Ahmed could lose weight faster, if he exercised more often.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
9
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
5.
I wish I were a sports champion.
(L2. Pg.44)
Use wish to say you want something to be different in the present.
Wish + past tense verb means you want an unreal situation - it is not the past.
‫ للتعبير عن رغبتك في جعل شيء ما مختلفا عن ما هو عليه في الوقت الحالي‬wish ‫استخدم‬
‫ التصريف الماضي للفعل يعني أنك تريد حال غير حقيقي وليس شيء في الماضي‬+Wish
Subject
wish
(that)
Subject
Verb
weren’t
I / You
He / She
We
They
wish
so nasty.
)he isn’t(
I / you
could
go on holiday.
he / she
we
had passed that test.
they
(that)
lived
6.
detail
)he can’t(
)he didn’t(
)he doesn’t(
much closer.
Are you used to getting up at 0600?
(L2. Pg.56)
Use BE used to + gerund/noun to talk about something you are familiar with; it is not strange or new to you.
‫ ليس جديد او غريب عنك‬, ‫ للحديث عن شيء معروف لديك‬Be used to + gerund/ noun ‫استخدم‬
Subject
BE
I
am
He / She
is
We / You They
(not)
used to
gerund(-ing) / noun
getting up early.
(not)
used to
driving on the left.
accustomed to
are
so much work.
your accent.
accustomed to is a formal way to say used to
used to ‫ هي الطريقة الرسمية بدالُ من‬accustomed to
Questions
BE
When
Subject
are
you
Are
7.
used to
gerund(-ing)/noun
used to
going to sleep now
accustomed to
his accent
?
Aren’t we studying negative questions today?
(L3. Pg.66)
Use negative questions when you are expecting agreement or when you are surprised or annoyed.
‫استخدم االسئلة المنفية عندما تتوقع اتفاقا مع طرحك او عندما تكون متفاجئا او منزعجا‬
Negative
Subject
(Verb and other words)
Aren’t / Weren’t / Isn’t /
Wasn’t
Don’t / Doesn’t / Didn’t /
Can’t / Won’t / Wouldn’t,
etc.
working at the office?
I / you
we / they
he / she / it
(base verb – V1)
go?
(past participle)
Haven’t / Hasn’t / Hadn’t
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
Verb
swum across that river?
10
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
You can also place not after the subject to make negative questions.
‫ بعد الفاعل لجعل السؤال المنفي اكثر لباقة و رسمية‬not ‫تستطيع ايضا استخدام‬
BE or Modal
Subject
NOT
Verb
(Verb and other words)
Am / Are / Were
Is / Was
working tomorrow?
I / you
Do / Does / Did
Modal
we / they
(base verb)
not
go?
he / she / it
(past participle)
Have / Has / Had
swam across that river?
Negative questions can make you sound angry, confused or critical.
‫االسئلة بصيغة النفي قد تجعلك تبدو غاضبا او مشوشا او ناقدا‬
You can also use negative questions to seek information.
‫يمكنك ايضا استخدام االسئلة المنفية لطلب المعلومات‬
Right, Mr Jones. Tell me,
who hasn’t passed the
ALCPT?
Why didn’t you know the General
had cancelled the meeting?
8.
Chris can’t be at work. He broke his leg.
(L3. Pg.72)
Use can’t be and couldn’t be to say that a present action or condition is logically impossible.
.‫ للتعبير عن االستحالة منطقيا بخصوص حدث او وضع حالي‬couldn’t be ‫ و‬can’t be ‫استخدم‬
Information / Situation
Logical impossibility
Look! There’s Ahmed.
That can’t be him. He’s on holiday.
Your phone is out of battery.
It couldn’t be. I just charged it!
I’m glad it’s lunch time. I’m starving.
You can’t be. We only just ate!
I think you will be promoted soon.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
I couldn’t be. I only just arrived here.
11
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
9.
Changing adjectives to nouns with the suffix –ness
(L3.Pg.84)
You can make nouns from some adjectives by adding –ness.
I was ill last week.
My illness began on Monday.
Adjective
ill
–ness ‫تستطيع تحويل بعض الصفات الى اسم بإضافة‬
Suffix
+
-ness
Noun
=
illness
Adjective
Noun
Adjective
Noun
bitter
bitterness
dizzy
dizziness
clever
cleverness
easy
easiness
dark
darkness
empty
emptiness
full
fullness
friendly
friendliness
good
goodness
happy
happiness
hard
hardness
lazy
laziness
nervous
nervousness
messy
messiness
polite
politeness
ready
readiness
smooth
smoothness
ugly
ugliness
soft
softness
thick
thickness
tight
tightness
*Notice the spelling above:
the y changes to i.
10. Changing verbs to nouns with the suffix –ment
(L3. Pg.85)
You can make nouns from some verbs by adding –ment.
–ment ‫تستطيع تحويل بعض االفعال الى اسم بإضافة‬
He is 60. He will retire at 65. His retirement is in 5 years.
Verb
retire
+
Suffix
-ment
=
Noun
retirement
Verb
Noun
Verb
Noun
advertise
advertisement
entertain
entertainment
agree
agreement
govern
government
appoint
appointment
*judge
judgment
*argue
argument
measure
measurement
attach
attachment
place
placement
disagree
disagreement
postpone
postponement
employ
employment
require
requirement
enlist
enlistment
treat
treatment
*both argue and judge drop their ‘e’
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
12
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
11. What should Chris have done differently?
(L4. Pg.95)
Use the modals should have, shouldn’t have, ought to have, and could have to express possibilities and
regrets about past situations.
‫ للتعبير عن وجهة نظر او اسف عن مواقف او حاالت حدثت في الماضي‬should have, shouldn’t have, ought to have, could have ‫استخدم االفعال‬
The scenario: Yesterday, Rakan tried to jump across a stream but he fell in.
Subject
Modal
have
He
shouldn’t
He
ought to
Past participle (V3)
detail
tried
to jump over the stream.
realized
it was too wide.
have
He
should
known
the stream was too wide.
He
could
gone
over the bridge.
Use Verb 3 after have..
have ‫استخدم التصريف الثالث للفعل بعد‬
shouldn’t have
= it was unreasonable.
ought to have
= something reasonable that wasn’t done.
should have
= something reasonable that wasn’t done.
could have
= possibility to do something else different to
what actually happened.
12. He is a man whom many people still honor today.
(L4. Pg.106)
Adjective clauses give information about a noun in another clause. They describe that noun. In the examples
below, the information is essential; without it, the other clause doesn’t make sense. We don’t use commas
here.
‫المعلومات ضرورية‬, ‫ في االمثلة التالية‬.‫العبارة الوصفية تعطي معلومات عن الفاعل في العبارة االخرى ألنها تشرح الفاعل‬
.‫ ال تحتاج الستخدام الفاصلة‬.‫والجملة قد ال تكون مفيدة بدون العبارة الوصفية‬
Adjective Clause
subject + verb
Word
(optional)
The weekend is a time
(that)
everyone looks forward to.
The speed limit is a law
(which)
everybody should follow.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
13
Issue No. 1.0
Book 18 Grammar
You can also put the adjective clause into the middle of the other clause. Put the clause after the word it is
describing.
The dinner was
delicious.
The dinner
Mona made it.
Mona made it.
(that)
The dinner
Mona made
was delicious.
was delicious.
The person
(whom)
you’re waiting for
has arrived.
The movie
(that)
we saw yesterday
was great.
These words are optional.
‫استخدام الضمائر الموصولة اختياري‬
13. I expect you to explain this low score to me.
(L4. Pg.111)
Use this structure to say what some people expect / teach / allow, etc. other people to do.
‫ يسمحوا لألخرين بفعله‬/ ‫ يُعلِّموا‬/ ‫استخدم هذه الصيغة للتعبير عن ماذا يمكن لبعض الناس ان يتوقعوا‬
Subject
Verb
direct object
The RSAF
won’t permit
visitors
The police
are ordering
people
Mr Ali
convinced
Ahmed
I
expect
you
He
needs
us
(not)
to + base verb (V1)
to walk on the grass.
not
to speed in town.
to study harder.
not
to copy in the exam.
to deliver this letter.
Direct objects can be nouns or pronouns.
‫يمكن للمفعول به المباشر ان يكون اسما او ضمير‬
Other verbs that can follow
this pattern are:
‫هذه قائمة بأفعال اخرى يمكن ان تستخدم‬
requires
want
need
invite
ask
allow
advise
cause
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
14
instruct
select
tell
teach
warn
would
like
help
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns
‫ بيئة اجتماعيه‬/ ‫حضارة‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
International schools have children from different cultures.
The couple agreed to get a divorce.
≠ marriage
The vet told the man the sex of his dog was female.
≠ male
The insurance company put their documents in a file.
= folder
1
culture (n)
2
divorce (n)
‫طالق‬
3
female (n)
‫انثى‬
4
file (n)
‫ملف‬
5
grandchild / grandchildren (n)
‫ احفاد‬/
6
granddaughter ‫ حفيده‬grandson ‫حفيد‬
7
in-law (n)
‫نسيب‬
My wife’s name is Sue. Her mother is my mother-in-law.
8
knowledge (n)
‫معرفة‬
9
link (n)
‫رابط‬
10
male (n)
‫ذكر‬
11
relationship (n)
‫عالقة اجتماعيه‬
12
sex (n)
)‫ انثى‬-‫جنس (ذكر‬
13
spouse (n)
‫ زوجه‬/ ‫زوج‬
14
tolerance (n)
‫ تسامح‬/‫تساهل‬
You need experience and knowledge to do a job well.
To apply for a job, click on the link.
All males should use the bathroom on the left.
≠ female
Tom has a very strong relationship with his father.
Please write your sex on the form.
= gender
The military party is for officers and their spouses.
= wife or husband
Everyone should have tolerance for peoples from other cultures.
‫حفيد‬
Mrs. Hill is 78 years old. She has 13 grandchildren.
Mrs. Hill has 7 granddaughters and 6 grandsons.
a relative related to
your spouse
Verbs
15
attract (v)
‫يجذب‬
16
click / click on (v)
‫يضغط‬
17
divorce (v)
‫يطلق‬
18
drop by (v) ‫ عرج‬/ ‫زيارة خفيفة‬
19
end up (v)
‫انتهى بـ‬
20
get along (in) (v)
‫انسجم في‬
21
get along (with) (v)
‫انسجم مع‬
22
inquire (about) (v)
‫يستفسر‬
23
neglect (to) (v)
‫يتجاهل‬
24
put up with (v)
‫يتح ّمل‬
25
tolerate (v)
‫يتكيّف‬/‫يتح ّمل‬
Jim was attracted to the job because of its high salary.
Click on the link and you will be taken to the home page.
David’s parents divorced when he was 12.
John told his new friend to drop by anytime he wanted.
Joe wanted to be a doctor but he ended up being a lawyer.
I can’t get along in life with an old mobile phone.
Jim was popular. He could get along with anyone.
Sue called the college to inquire about their courses.
Bill neglected to tell me he is sick. I waited for 3 hours!
I can’t put up with this noise. I am going to complain!
Tim doesn’t like hot weather but he can tolerate it.
≠ repulse
= press
= to split up
= visit for a short time
= start out
= succeed in
= be friendly with
= ask about
= not do something
= tolerate
= put up with
= whole, entire
= keen
= without details
≠ complete, whole
≠ general
≠ intolerant
= specific
Adjectives
26
complete (adj)
‫كامل‬
John had the complete collection of Star Wars films on DVD.
27
eager (adj)
‫مهتم‬/‫حريص‬
28
general (adj)
‫عام‬
29
incomplete (adj)
‫غير مكتمل‬
Bill was eager to start his flying lessons.
The Police asked for a general description of the car.
Bill’s collection of Star Wars films was incomplete.
30
specific (adj)
‫محدد‬
Mr. King needed more specific information for the report.
31
tolerant (adj)
‫ معتاد على‬/‫متكيف‬
The captain was not tolerant of laziness.
32
Certain (adj)
‫محدد‬
Mr. Tyler wears only a certain kind of shoe made in Italy.
The students finished the exam all at once.
The data base showed names along with addresses.
Alongside of each name was an address.
Other words and phrases
33
all at once
‫فجأة‬
34
along with
‫تماشيا مع‬
35
alongside (of)
‫بالتعاون مع‬/‫بجانب‬
36
consequently
‫نتيجة لذلك‬
37
ex-wife / ex-husband
38
great-(grandfather) ‫(الجد) االكبر‬
39
in addition
‫اضافة الى ذلك‬
40
once in a while
‫مرة كل فتره‬
41
someday
‫يوما ما‬
42
while
‫في حين‬
‫السابق‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
= at the same time
= together with
= together with
It’s raining today. Consequently, the sports lesson is canceled. = therefore, as a result
John is divorced. he doesn’t speak to his ex-wife.
= former
My mother’s great-grandfather is called William.
John failed the test because he didn’t study. In
= also, additionally,
addition, he felt sick on the day of the test.
moreover
I only go to the football match once in a while.
= occasionally
I would like to travel to Japan someday.
= in the future
While we were tired, we were still happy.
= even though
15
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Vocabulary
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
assistance (n)
‫مساعدة‬
The doctor gave assistance to the injured woman.
= help
ّ ‫ ع‬Dog bites can be dangerous. Always see a doctor.
bite (n) (1) ‫ضه‬
(2) ‫ لقمة‬Let’s get a bite to eat – I’m hungry.
chemical (n)
‫مادة كيميائية‬
Chemicals can be harmful to your skin if you touch them.
department (n)
‫قسم‬
He teaches in the English department of the university. = section
fuel (n)
‫وقود‬
The fuel used in most cars is petrol.
helmet (n)
‫خوذه‬
You should wear a helmet when you ride a motorcycle. Helmets protect your head.
rest (n)
‫بقيّة‬
Jane is sick. She will stay in bed for the rest of the day.
= remainder
method (n)
‫طريقة‬
The best method to improve your skills is practicing
= way
Lesson 2 Nouns
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Verbs
9
10
11
12
13
14
arrange (v) (1) ‫يرتب‬
ّ ‫ يح‬/‫يجهز‬
(2) ‫ضر‬
I want to arrange my furniture in a different way.
Please arrange to pay your gas bill by 28th March.
assist (v)
‫يساعد‬
I assisted the old woman across the busy road.
bite (past = bit; pp = bitten) (v) ّ‫ يعض‬My tooth hurts when I bite on anything hard.
It could have been Dave who bought you the flowers.
could have (v) ‫كان باإلمكان‬
couldn’t have (v) ‫لم يكن باإلمكان‬
Sarah couldn’t have driven. She doesn’t have a license.
drop off (v) (1) ‫توصيل‬/‫ انزال‬Mrs. Jones drops off her children at school at 8:00 am.
(2) ‫يغفو‬
Tom was tired. He dropped off in class for 10 minutes.
drown (v)
‫يغرق‬
The child drowned because he couldn’t swim.
= put in the correct place
= organize
= help
= (2) fall asleep
15
get someone to do something
(v)‫اقناع شخص ما لعمل شيء‬
I want to get the children to tidy their bedrooms.
= persuade someone
to do something
16
have someone do something (v)
‫تكليف شخص ما لعمل شيء‬
My car doesn’t start. I’ll have the mechanic repair it.
= pay / arrange for
someone to do something
17
make someone do something (v) ‫ جعل‬I will make John do his homework before he watches
‫احدهم يقوم بعمل شيء‬
TV.
25
= force someone to do
something
get through to (v)
‫الوصول الى‬
I couldn't get through to Mr. Mark because he was busy = reach
get through with (v) ‫ينهي‬
I didn’t get through with my work – I’ll finish later.
= finish
insist (v)
‫يصر على‬
Jeremy insisted that he did not take the money.
insist on (v)
‫يلزم ب‬
Our officer insists on clean rooms and shoes.
inspect (v)
‫ يفتش‬/‫يفحص‬
Please inspect the room to make sure it is clean.
= check carefully
keep away (from) (v) )‫يبتعد (عن‬
Children should keep away from roads when they are playing. = stay away from
may have (v)
‫قد يملك‬
‘Why hasn’t Bill come to the party?’ ‘He may have forgotten.’ = might have
might have (v)
‫احتمال ان‬
John is late for work – he might have missed the bus.
= may have
misplace (v)
‫يضيِّع‬
I’ve misplaced my wallet. I had it 10 minutes ago.
≠ find
26
must have (v)
‫البد ان‬
Sue must have walked to work because her car keys are here.
27
prevent (v)
‫يمنع‬
28
rescue (v)
‫ينقذ‬
29
respond (v)
‫ يرد‬/ ‫يستجيب‬
Driving to the speed limit prevents accidents.
The fishermen rescued the swimmer from drowning.
The company hasn’t responded to my email.
30
run across (v)
‫وجد بالصدفة‬/‫صادف‬
I ran across some old photos when I was tidying my house.
31
search (v)
‫بحث‬
32
stay away (from) (v) )‫يبقى بعيدا (عن‬
The police searched the shopping mall for the thief.
Stay away from the fire! You might burn yourself.
33
use up (v)
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
‫استنفذ‬/‫استهلك‬
Tom used up all the coffee. Now I’ll have to buy some more .
= stop from happening
= save
= answer
= find
= look for
= keep away from
= finish using a supply
I was convinced I would pass the test.
His story about meeting the prince was very convincing.
The entire school had to go to the graduation.
It was a fatal accident. All the passengers are dead.
Many accidents are preventable if you are careful.
= certain
= persuasive
= whole, all
= it causes death
= avoidable
Adjectives
34
convinced (adj)
‫مقتنع‬
35
convincing (adj)
‫مقنع‬
36
entire (adj)
‫كل‬
37
fatal (adj)
‫ ُمهلِك‬/‫قاتل‬
38
preventable (adj)
‫ممكن تجنبها‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
16
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Vocabulary
39
trim (adj)
‫ممشوق‬/‫متناسق الجسم‬
The woman looked trim after her diet and exercise.
= slim and fit
= totally, completely
Other words and phrases
40
absolutely
‫تماما‬
I absolutely agree with you.
41
according to
‫وفقا لـ‬/‫بناء على‬
According to the manager, we are getting an increase in salary. = )the Boss( said that …
42
at least
‫على االقل‬
43
few
‫قليل‬
44
in place of
‫بدالً عن‬
45
little
‫قليال من‬
46
otherwise
‫وإال‬
There are at least 10 students in the class.
= a minimum of
I knew few people at the party.
= not many
You should read books in place of watching TV.
= instead of
I got home quickly as there was little traffic on the roads. = not much
You have to have your ID. Otherwise, you can’t enter
= If that doesn’t
the base.
happen ….
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 3 Nouns
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
‫حضور‬
The teacher took the attendance every morning.
capability (n)
‫قدرة‬
John has the capability to fix an engine.
confidence (n)
‫ثقه‬
He didn’t have the confidence to speak English to her.
guidance (n)
‫توجيه‬/‫ارشاد‬
The new worker needs guidance to do his job.
mission (n) (1)
‫ مهمه‬The mission of the military is to protect the country.
(2) ‫ انتداب‬Col. Jack is on a mission to Canada. The mission will last 2 weeks.
routine (n)
‫روتين‬
Marching was part of his daily routine.
self-confidence (n) ‫ثقة بالنفس‬
He had the self-confidence to ask his boss for a raise.
skill (n)
‫مهارة‬
Speaking English is a difficult skill to learn.
success (n)
‫نجاح‬
The festival was a great success – everybody enjoyed it.
technique (n)
‫ تكنيك‬/ ‫طريقه‬
You need the right technique to ride a motorbike .
attendance (n)
= ability
= ability
Verbs
11
accomplish (v)
‫اكتمل‬
12
account for (v)
‫ يبرر‬/‫يفسر‬
13
achieve (v)
‫صل‬
ِّ ‫يح‬/‫يحقق‬
14
adjust (to) (v)
‫يتكيف‬/‫يتأقلم‬
15
assume responsibility (v)‫يتقلد المسؤولية‬
16
congratulate (v)
‫يبارك‬/‫يهنيء‬
17
develop (v)
‫ يحسن‬/ ‫يطور‬
18
guide (v)
‫يرشد‬
19
make sense (v)
‫يفهم‬
20
object (to) (v)
‫يعترض‬
21
obtain (v)
‫يحصل على‬
22
succeed (v)
‫ينجح‬
The team accomplished the task in 5 hours.
The cadet was asked to account for his absence.
The student achieved a high score in the exam.
Abdullah found it hard to adjust to life in the U.S.
Col Hill was sick so the Captain assumed responsibility.
I want to congratulate you on your promotion.
I want to travel to the UK to develop my English.
On holiday we used a map to guide us around the city.
I need a dictionary to make sense of the paragraph.
I object to working at the weekend.
To obtain a visa, you must visit the Embassy.
I wanted to succeed in my new job.
= make changes, adapt
= do the job
= improve
= understand
= get
≠ fail
Adjectives
23
confident (adj)
‫واثق‬
24
educational (adj)
‫تعليمي‬
25
routine (adj)
‫روتيني‬
26
sensible (adj)
‫عاقل‬
27
successful (adj)
‫ناجح‬
28
sufficient (adj)
‫ وافي‬/‫كافي‬
29
Adjectives with –able / ible
acceptable
‫مقبول‬
affordable
‫ بسعر معقول‬/‫بمتناول اليد‬
reasonable
‫معقول‬
respectable
‫محترم‬
collectible
‫قابل للجمع‬
reliable
‫موثوق‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
I am confident that we will win the match.
This magazine article is very educational.
I am going to the hospital for a routine examination.
He is a very sensible man. He saves his money.
The businessman is very successful – he is very rich.
We don’t have sufficient petrol to get to Riyadh.
17
= sure
= exceptional
≠ foolish
≠ unsuccessful
= enough
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Vocabulary
refundable
‫لالسترداد‬/ ‫قابل للترجيع‬
believable
‫قابل للتصديق‬
sensible
‫عاقل‬
permissible
‫مسموح‬/‫جائز‬
edible
‫قابل لألكل‬
enjoyable
‫ممتع‬
understandable
‫قابل للفهم‬
winnable
‫قابل للفوز‬
Other words and phrases
30
31
32
‫مرة‬
I have only been to Riyadh once.
quite a few
‫قليل جدا‬
He had quite a few chances to pass the test.
quite a (adj) + (noun) ‫الى حد كبير‬/ً‫ جدا‬We had quite a difficult time finding your house
once
quite an (adj) + (noun)
Lesson 4 Nouns
1
attention (n)
‫انتباه‬
2
lack (of) (n)
)‫نقص (في‬
3
regret (n)
‫ندم‬
4
rush (n)
‫زحمة‬/‫ذروة‬
5
volunteer (n)
‫متطوع‬
= one time
= several
= very
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
If you don’t pay attention to the teacher, you won’t learn.
There is a lack of money so the trip is cancelled.
= not enough
I am glad I left that job. I have no regrets.
Shall we go to the cinema early to avoid the rush?
I don’t get paid to do this job. I am a volunteer.
Verbs
‫يزعج‬
6
annoy (v)
7
disappoint (v)
8
drop out of (v)
9
hand in (v)
10
lack (v)
11
regret (v)
12
rush (v)
13
start out (on) (v)
14
stay up (v)
take off (v)
15
(1)
(2)
(3)
16
turn in (v)
17
volunteer (v)
18
waste (v)
He annoys me when he talks about himself all the time.
‫يخيب األمل‬
Did I disappoint you by not remembering your birthday?
‫ينقطع لمدة‬/‫ينسحب‬
I dropped out of the football team because of my injury.
‫يسلم‬
Please hand in your test paper when you have finished.
‫ينقص‬
I can’t apply for the job as I lack the qualifications.
= don’t have enough
‫يندم‬
Jane regrets not studying when she was at university.
‫يستعجل‬
Don’t rush out of the classroom. Walk slowly and quietly.
‫بدأ بـ‬
I started out on my journey 3 days ago.
ً‫ البقاء مستيقظا‬/‫ السهر‬I’m too tired to study. I stayed up until 12:30 am last night.
‫ استئذن للذهاب‬I need to take off time from work to go to my aunt’s wedding.
= deduct
‫اقلع‬
The plane took off at 7:00pm for Denver.
= leave the ground
‫انصرف‬
When the movie finished, everyone took off.
= leave
‫يسلم‬
I was punished because I turned in my homework late.
= hand in, submit
‫يتطوع‬
Sam volunteered to drive us all to the restaurant.
‫ يبذر‬/ ‫يضيِّع‬
Tom didn’t want to waste the food so he ate it all.
≠ save
Adjectives
19
annoyed (adj)
‫منزعج‬
20
annoying (adj)
‫مزعج‬
21
disappointed (adj) ‫خائب االمل‬
22
disappointing (adj) ‫مخيب لآلمال‬
23
guilty (adj)
‫مذنب‬
24
helpful (adj)
‫مفيد‬
25
helpless (adj)
‫غير مفيد‬
26
lenient (adj)
‫متساهل‬
27
strict (adj)
‫صارم‬
28
stupid (adj)
‫غبي‬
I was annoyed with my brother for eating all the cake.
How annoying! I forgot my ATM card and I need money.
Sally was disappointed with the hotel room she was given.
It was disappointing that I didn’t see you when you visited.
I feel guilty that I haven’t replied to your email.
Tom thought he would be helpful and tidy the room.
The man had a gun so the victim was helpless.
The teacher let us talk in class. He was very lenient.
The teacher wouldn’t let us talk in class. He was very strict.
It was a stupid idea to go for a walk in the rain.
≠ helpless
= powerless
≠ strict
≠ lenient
= foolish
Other words and phrases
29
as well as
‫وكذلك‬/ ‫وايضا‬
30
learn a lesson
‫تعلم الدرس‬
31
lose one’s temper ‫فقد اعصابه‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
He went to Spain as well as Italy on holiday.
He learnt his lesson so he didn’t make the mistake again.
The shopkeeper was very rude to me so I lost my temper.
18
in addition to
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Vocabulary
32
I wish …
‫تمني‬
33
I regret …
‫نادم‬
34
too + adjective
‫زيادة‬/‫جدا‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
John failed the test. He wishes he had studied more!
Note: we use simple past after ‘wish’
I regret not learning English when I was at school.
That box is too heavy for me to carry.
19
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
1.
Inseparable phrasal verbs
(L1. Pg.16)
Use inseparable phrasal verbs when you cannot put anything between the main verb and the preposition(s).
.‫استخدم االفعال المركبة بدون اضافة شيء بين الفعل الرئيسي و الحرف عندما ال تستطيع وضع شيء بينهما‬
Inseparable
phrasal
verbs
I
can’t
put up with
smoking.
He
always
takes part in
class.
How
often
do you
work out ?
Further examples:
informal/spoken
formal/written
informal/spoken
formal/written
put up with
tolerate
get along with
have a good
relationship with
get together with
meet socially
take up
begin
work out
exercise
take part in
participate
run into
meet
(unexpectedly)
cut down on
reduce
drop by
visit
get on
enter (e.g. bus)
2. Who will win Maria’s sister’s boyfriend’s heart?
(L1. Pg.21)
Here are the rules for using ’s, or only ’ with possessive nouns.
Rules
Singular nouns - add
Examples
’s
I will watch next week’s show.
Singular nouns that
end in -s - add
I don’t know my boss’s daughter.
’s
Plural nouns that
end in -s - add only
He is the cadets’ teacher.
’
Irregular plural nouns - add ’s
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
‫‘ او فقط ‘ مع اسماء الملكية‬s ‫تجد هنا القواعد الالزمة لوضع‬
The Women’s Institute is very popular.
20
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
3.
What’s mine is yours.
(L1. Pg.23)
Subject
pronouns
Object
pronouns
Possessive
adjectives
Possessive
pronouns
I
me
my
mine
you
you
your
yours
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
we
us
our
ours
it
it
its
-
they
them
their
theirs
Use possessive adjectives before nouns, to describe them:
‫استخدام صفات الملكية قبل االسماء لتصف االسم‬
I have borrowed their car.
Our house is over there, next to the bank.
Use possessive nouns instead of the noun:
‫استخدم اسماء الملكية بدال عن االسم‬
This isn’t my car. It’s their car > It’s theirs.
This isn’t Tom’s house. It’s our house > It’s ours.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
21
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
4.
I’m having them build a house for me.
(L2. Pg.39)
Use this grammar structure to say that you arrange, or instruct, or force, or persuade someone to do
something.
.‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتعبر عن تنسيقك او تعليمك او اجبارك او مالحقة احدهم لفعل شيء ما‬
have / make
object
bare
infinitive
am having
my uncle
build
us a house.
made
the painters
change
the color.
am going to make
the builder
replace
the old door.
get
object
to –
infinitve
should get
the company
to be
I
You
more careful.
Examples
We need to get them to vote for us. (We need to persuade them.)
I made my little brother tidy my room. (I forced him.)
They are having a gardener to build a pond. (They hired/instructed him.)
5.
Making guesses about what happened in the past.
(L2. Pg.47)
Use this when you are not sure, but guess, what happened in the past.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة عندما تكن غير متأكد او تخمن ما حصل في الماضي‬
Use the perfect modal
Subject
Modal
A hurricane
might
There
could
They
may
He
could
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
have
have
Past participle
Object
blown
the fence away.
been
major trouble.
placed
it there on purpose.
used
a different route.
22
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
6.
Saying you’re 95% sure about the past.
(L2. Pg.47)
Use must have when you see some evidence and are 95% sure that something happened in the past. Use
couldn’t have when see some evidence and are 95% sure that something was impossible in the past.
‫ عندما ترى دليال و يغلب‬couldn’t have ‫ عندما ترى دليال و يغلب عليك الظن بصحة ما حصل في الماضي و استخدم‬must have ‫استخدم‬
.‫عليك الظن بعدم حصول هذا الشيء في الماضي‬
Use the perfect modal
(modal + have + past participle)
95% sure
must have
Because of some
evidence, you’re 95%
sure that something in
the past was true.
may have
might have
could have
you’re guessing about the
past (less than 50% sure). He might have forgotten
your number - don’t worry.
They must have only just left.
Their coffee is still warm.
Because of some
evidence, you’re 95%
sure that something in
the past was impossible.
less than
50% sure
Example
He couldn’t have gone to
the cinema because he was
at work.
couldn’t have
you think
it was
impossible
7.
Few and little to mean not many / not much
(L2. Pg.51)
Use few to mean not many with countable nouns and little to mean not much with uncountable nouns.
‫ لنفس الغرض مع االسماء غير المعدودة‬little ‫ لتعبر عن عدم الكثرة لألسماء المعدودة و استخدم‬few ‫استخدم‬
A lot of
(many)
people went to the football match.
A few
(some)
people went to the football match.
Few
(not many)
people went to the football match.
The word few (without an “a”) means not many or not enough of something.
‫ تعني عدم الكثرة او عدم الكفاية لشيء ما‬a ‫ بدون اداة التنكير‬few ‫كلمة‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
The word little (without an “a”) means not much or not enough of something.
‫ تعني عدم الكثرة او عدم الكفاية لشيء ما‬a ‫ بدون اداة التنكير‬little ‫كلمة‬
little time
(not much,
not enough)
I have little time to eat my lunch today.
a little time
(some)
I have a little time between lessons, if
you want to talk.
a lot of time
(much)
8.
I have little time to study after work.
I have a lot of time to play sports at the
weekend.
I got my shoes shined.
(L3. Pg.62)
Use have / get + a direct object + past participle (Verb 3) to say that you arranged for someone else to do
something.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتقول انك رتبت مع احدهم لينجز لك عمال ما‬
I
have / get
object
Past participle
had
all my meals
prepared.
my room
cleaned.
my clothes
washed.
my shoes
shined.
everything
done for me.
got
would like to have
In this grammar structure, have and get mean the same thing.
ACTIVE:
I
had
my mother
prepare
my meals.
PASSIVE:
I
had
my meals
prepared
by my mother.
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9.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
9.
Past IF conditional: imagined situation in the past.
(L3.Pg.67)
Use this to talk about something in the past that did not happen. Both the condition and the action did not
happen – but you imagine how things could have been different.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتتحدث عن شيء لم يحصل في الماضي ال الجملة الشرطية و ال الجملة الرئيسية حصال و لكنك تتخيل كيف كانت ستؤول االمور‬
.‫فيما لو حصل ما تتخيله‬
if –clause (this condition did not happen)
I
Past Perfect
main clause (this did not happen either)
modal + have + V3
Subject
(had + V3)
had set
the alarm clock,
might not have gotten up
late.
had known
the lot was full,
could have taken
a taxi.
hadn’t left my keys at home,
wouldn’t have missed
our flight
hadn’t gone anywhere at all,
would have had
more fun.
If I
I / we
might have = 50% past possibility
could have = for past option or ability
would have = for 95% past possibility
The if-clause can go before or after the main cause. Use a comma when if is first.
main clause
We
would have had
if –clause
more fun
if we
had stayed
at home.
Questions
Modal
subject
have
past participle
if
subject
had(n’t) past participle
Could
Faris
have fixed the bike
if
his Dad
hadn’t
helped ?
helped
could
Faris
have
fixed it ?
If
his Dad hadn’t
Would
she
have
graduated
if
she
hadn’t
cheated?
If
she
hadn’t
cheated
would
she
have
graduated?
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
Use the past if –conditional to talk about different possible results in the past instead of what actually happened.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتتحدث عن احتمالية نتيجة مختلفة في الماضية بدال ما قد حصل فعال‬
Example 1
Real past situation
Eric
bought
my car
+
( )
.
I
it to Matt.
-
didn’t sell ( )
Imagined past situation
If
-
Eric hadn’t bought ( ) my car ,
+
I would have sold ( ) it to Matt.
Positive (+) verbs become negative (-), and negative become positive.
These verb changes show that the if –conditional situation did NOT happen.
‫االفعال المؤكدة تصبح منفية و المنفية تصبح مؤكدة‬
‫ لم تحدث‬if ‫تغيير هذه االفعال يشير الى ان العبارة الشرطية‬
Example 2
Real past situation
-
hard
. He
+
hard
, he wouldn’t have failed ( )
Tom didn’t study ( )
-
failed ( )
the test.
Imagined past situation
If
Tom had studied ( )
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-
26
it.
Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
10. Adding –able and –ible to make adjectives
(L3. Pg.72)
Add the suffix –able and –ible to some nouns or verbs to make adjectives. Adjectives ending in –able or –
ible mean able to be or having the quality of.
Verb/Noun
Adjective
accept
acceptable
you can accept it
affordable
you can afford it
reasonable
it’s not crazy
collectible
you can collect it
afford
reason
respect
collect
-able
+
= respectable people respect it
-ible
Some words follow these spelling rules
Noun/
Verb
Words ending in –y → change –y to -i
rely
Adjective
reliable
(You can rely on it)
Words ending in –e → drop the –e
believe
believable
(You can believe it)
Some words have irregular spelling
changes
permit
permissible
(You are permitted to do it)
eat
edible
(You can eat it)
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
11. I wish I had chosen to do something else.
(L4. Pg.87)
Use the wish + past perfect verb to say how you would like the past to be different from what actually
happened.
‫استخدم هذه الصيغة لتتحدث عن احتمالية نتيجة مختلفة في الماضية بدال من ما قد حصل فعال‬
I / We /
You / They
He / She
wish
wishes
past perfect
I / we / you
(that) they / he
other words.
past
had (not)
she
participle
Examples
I agreed to go on the trip. It was awful! I regret it.
> I wish (that) I hadn’t agreed to go on this trip.
James didn’t pass the test the first time. He regrets that.
> James wishes (that) he’d passed his test first time around.
12. Regrets review.
(L4. Pg.90)
There are different ways to express regret about what happened in the past.
‫هناك عدة طرق للتعبير عن الندم لشيء حصل في الماضي‬
regret + V-ing
regret + clause
Jenny regrets not buying a good car.
Jenny regrets (that) she bought a bad car.
sorry for + V-ing
sorry + clause
Tim is sorry for losing his wife’s phone.
Tim is sorry (that) he lost his wife’s phone.
wish + past perfect
Mary wishes she had chosen to study medicine.
should / shouldn’t have
Sue shouldn’t have gone out in the rain – now she’s
wet!
If I had …, …
If I had saved more money, I would be able to buy a
house now.
could / would / might
have
Mr Jones’ children live far away. They could have
bought a house nearby - but they didn’t.
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 19 Grammar
13. The steak was very good. The fish was too salty.
(L4. Pg.94)
Both very or too make an adjective stronger.
‫كال الكلمتين تجعالن الصفة اقوى‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
But too is used when something is more than enough and is a problem. It has a negative meaning.
‫ عندما يكون هناك شيء زائد عن الحد و يسبب مشكله و لها معنى سلبي‬too ‫و لكن تستخدم‬
Do you like your new
neighbors?
Yes, they’re very nice.
Did you enjoy the concert?
It was OK, but the music
was too loud.
14. Reported speech review.
(L4. Pg.100)
Direct statement
I
am cleaning
my room.
she
was cleaning
her room.
Reported statement
said
She
told me
(that)
Direct YES / NO questions
Do
you
write
reports ?
I
wrote
reports.
Reported question
if
She asked me
whether
Direct INFORMATION questions
When
are
we
taking
a break.
they
were
taking
a break.
Reported question
They asked me
when
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Vocabulary
Lesson 1 Nouns
1
bet (n)
‫رهان‬
2
cost (n)
‫تكلفة‬
3
groceries (n)
‫مواد غذائية‬
4
ingredient(n)
‫مقدار‬/‫مكون‬
5
jar (n)
‫جرة‬/‫برطمان‬
6
label (n)
‫بطاقة المعلومات‬
7
list (n)
‫قائمة‬
9
mixture (n)
‫خليط‬
10 purchase (n)
‫مشتريات‬
11 quantity (n)
‫كمية‬
12 recipe (n)
‫وصفة‬
13 set (n)
‫مجموعة‬
14 vitamin (n)
‫فيتامين‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Pat placed a bet on the race and won fifty dollars.
The cost of propertyis decreasing.
I need to buy coffee, milk, and some other groceries.
Eggs, oil, lemon juice and salt are the ingredients in mayonnaise
Mayonnaise is usually sold in jars.
The label on the pants will tell you the size.
We need to make a list for the groceries we need.
The class is a mixture of army, navy, and air force cadets.
I purchased a new car last week. It cost me $30,000.
The quantity of the books is not enough. We need more.
The recipe for chicken soup is so easy. Let’s cook it.
There are two sets of twins in the Johnson family.
= group
Fruits and vegetables are healthy and full of vitamins.
Verbs
‫يطبخ في الفرن‬
15 bake (v)
16 become of (v)
‫سيحصل لـ‬
17 bet/bet/bet (v)
‫يراهن‬
18 call for (v)
‫يتطلب‬
19 combine (v)
‫يمزج‬
20 create (v)
‫يُك ِّون‬
21 depend on (v)
‫يعتمد على‬
22 fry (v)
‫يقلي‬
23 give away (v)
‫يهدي‬/‫يعطي‬
24 grill (v)
‫يشوي‬
25 list (v)
‫يكتب قائمة‬
26 mix (v)
‫يخلط‬
27 purchase (v)
‫يشتري‬
28 put/put/put off (v) ‫يؤجل‬
30 stir (v)
‫يفصل‬/‫يعزل‬
)‫يُقلِّب(الطعام‬
31 tear up (v)
‫يمزق‬/‫يقطع‬
29 separate (v)
My mother baked a cake for me.
What will become of the employees if the company is sold?
I bet it will rain today.
A military job calls for a person with excellent discipline.
Two small classes were combined to make a large class.
The teacher will create exercises to help you learn well.
Success depends on effort.
One of the best ways to cook fish is to fry it.
He gave away all of his old books.
Americans love to grill hamburgers on the weekends.
Please list what we need for the picnic.
Blue paint turns purple when you mix it with red paint.
Did you purchase that camera at the BX?
The soccer match has been put off until next Saturday.
Joe and his wife have separate bank accounts.
You must stir that food every minute while it's cooking.
John tore the letter up and threw the pieces away.
= cook in the oven
We spend a good deal of time studying vocabulary.
We need to do a great deal of work on our house.
Altogether, there will be seven cadets going on the tour.
Can you pull these stamps apart? They have stuck together.
Apart from the journey there, the trip was nice.
I prefer baked chicken because it's healthier than fried.
I can’t help falling asleep when I read in bed.
We felt like going somewhere, so we drove to the coast.
Fried fish is my favourite dish.
I call Mike from time to time. I don’t see him regularly.
He gave me one piece of cake but he ate most of it by himself.
While Frank was in Europe, he travelled mostly by train.
How much money do you have on hand?
The meat was cooked on the outside, but it's still raw inside.
Joe and his wife have separate bank accounts.
Our basketball team seldom practices, thus we usually lose.
= a lot of
= a lot of
= in total
= in pieces
= except
= think
= require
= mix
= make, produce
= affected by
= combine
= buy
= postpone
= not together
Other words and phrases
26 a good deal of
‫الكثير من‬
27 a great deal of
‫الكثير من‬
28 altogether (adv)
ً‫اجماال‬
29 apart (adv)
‫يفصل‬/‫يعزل‬
30 apart from (prep)
‫ما عدى‬
31 baked (adj)
‫في الفرن‬/‫محمص‬
32 can't help
‫ال استطيع التوقف عن‬
33 feel like
‫يود فعل شيء‬
34 fried (adj)
‫مقلي‬
35 from time to time‫بين الحين و اآلخر‬
36 most
‫اكثر‬
37 mostly (adv)
‫على االرجح‬
38 on hand
‫قابل لالستخدام‬/‫متوفر‬
39 raw (adj)
‫غير مستوي‬/‫نيء‬
40 separate (adj)
‫مستقل‬
41 thus (adv)
‫و بالتالي‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
30
= sometimes
= almost all
≠ cooked
≠ together
= therefore
Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Vocabulary
Lesson 2 Nouns
ally (n)
‫حليف‬
border (n)
(1) ‫حد‬
(2) ‫سياج‬/‫حافة‬
3
battle (n)
‫معركة‬
4
attack (n)
‫هجوم‬
5
combat (n)
‫مواجهة‬
6
defense (n)
‫دفاع‬
7
enemy (n)
‫عدو‬
8
freedom (n)
‫حرية‬
9
member (n)
‫عضو‬
1
2
10 peace (n)
‫سالم‬
11 property (n)
‫عقار‬
12 security (n)
‫امن‬
13 situation (n)
‫وضع‬
14 threat (n)
‫تهديد‬
15 war (n)
‫حرب‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
The UK has been a strong ally of our country for many years.
You 'll need to show your passport at the border
Alice planted a border of flowers around the shed.
The battle lasted for three days and three nights.
= fight , combat
The attack started just before daylight.
The soldier was injured in combat.
= battle , fight
We need strong defense to protect our country from attack.
The enemy attacked us during the night.
Children should be given some freedom when they're young
The US is a member of NATO.
There was a ten-year period of peace between the two wars. ≠ war
My neighbor is building a tall fence around his property.
Do you have a security system in your car?
What is the economic situation in that country?
Speeding cars are a threat to people on the sidewalk.
The American Civil War lasted from 1861-1865.
≠ peace
Verbs
8
alert (v) ‫ يحذر‬/‫ينذر‬
9
attack (v)
‫يهاجم‬
10 authorize (v)
‫يسمح‬
11 call up (v)
‫استدعاء‬
defend (v)
(1) ‫يدافع‬
(2) ‫يحمي‬
13 define (v)
‫يعرِّ ف‬
The signal will alert the men when it's time to go.
16 notify (v)
‫يُخبر‬
17 settle (v)
‫الوصول الى‬
18 take over (v)
‫يتحكم‬/‫يستلم‬
The war started after one country attacked another.
Who authorized you to enter this room?
The National Guard can be called up when they are needed.
The armed forces defend the country against attack.
Soldiers are taught to defend themselves.
The teacher asked me to define the word.
We are going to engage the enemy near the border.
You shouldn't engage in dangerous behavior.
= participate
He maintains his car by changing the oil regularly.
We’ll have to maintain our position when the enemy attacks
= protect
Please notify me when my car is ready.
= tell , inform
The two friends settled the argument after discussing their
opinions.
SGT Black will take over the Discipline Office next Monday.
19 threaten (v)
‫يهدد‬
Jack was threatened by a man with a gun.
12
14
15
engage (v)
maintain (v)
(1) ‫يشتبك‬
(2) ‫يشترك‬
(1) ‫يصون‬
(2) ‫يحمي‬/‫يدافع‬
Other words and phrases
‫اضافي‬
We need to buy some additional food for the party.
You must remain alert when you drive to avoid having
22 alert (adj)
‫متيقظ‬
accidents.
23 neutral (adj)
‫محايد‬
He remained neutral when his two friends had a fight.
≠ take sides
24 nevertheless (adv) ‫بالرغم من ذلك‬
Nicole likes her job; nevertheless, she's looking for a better one. = however
25 on alert
‫في حالة تأهب‬
The pilots have been on alert for the past 24 hours.
26 secure (adj)
‫آمن‬
Your things will be secure if you keep your room locked.
≠ in danger
The copilot took control of the plane when the pilot became
27 take control of
‫يتحكم بـ‬
ill.
take sides
‫ الوقوف مع احد‬I don’t want to take sides in the argument between my two
28
‫االطراف‬
friends.
29 take steps
‫اتخاذ خطوات‬
What steps will you take in order to prepare for the move?
21 additional (adj)
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Vocabulary
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
clutch (n)
‫كلتش‬
When driving, use the clutch to shift from 1 to 2nd gear.
coil (n)
‫كويل‬
The coil increases the voltage from the battery.
combustion (n)
‫االحتراق الداخلي‬
Combustion in the engine is caused by the spark plug.
cylinder (n)
‫سلندر‬/‫أسطوانة‬
A small sedan usually has a 4 cylinder engine.
distributor (n)
‫الديلكو‬/‫موزع الشرارة‬
The distributor sends electrical power to the spark plugs.
Exhaust gas from vehicles is one of the main causes of
exhaust (n)
‫نواتج االحتراق‬/‫العادم‬
pollution.
filter (n)
‫الفلتر‬
The fuel filter on your car make the fuel cleaner.
fuel injector (n)
‫بخاخ الوقود‬
The fuel injectors spray the gas into the engine.
function (n)
‫الية عمل‬/‫وظيفة‬
The function of the filter is to clean the fuel.
= job
gear (n)
‫ترس‬/‫عجلة مسننة‬
The gears shift by themselves in an automatic transmission.
ignition (n)
‫االشعال‬
We use the ignition switch to start the car.
line (n)
‫انبوب‬/‫سلك‬
Gas travels through the fuel line to the engine.
pedal (n)
‫دعسة‬
The brake and clutch are pedals which we control with our feet.
piston (n)
‫بستم‬
Pressure from combustion pushes the pistons down.
pressure (n)
‫ضغط‬
Pressure from combustion pushes the pistons down.
process (n)
‫عملية‬
Learning a second language is a long process.
pump (n)
‫مضخة‬
The heart works as a pump to circulate blood around the body.
purpose (n)
‫غرض‬
My purpose for studying English is to help me when I travel.
spark (n)
‫شرارة‬
The wind blew the sparks from the fire close to his house.
spark plug (n)
‫مولد الشرار‬/‫بوجي‬
You should change the spark plugs in your car every 50,000 km.
The ignition system on my car isn't working properly.
system (n)
(1) ‫منظومة‬
(2) ‫نظام‬
What system are you going to use to study for the test?
transmission (n) ‫علبة التروس‬/‫ ناقل الحركة‬Does your car have a manual or an automatic transmission?
valve (n)
‫بلف‬
Exhaust gases leave the engine when a valve opens.
Lesson 3 Nouns
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
st
Verbs
24
accelerate (v)
‫يتسارع‬
25
eliminate (v)
‫يقصي‬
26
filter (v)
‫فلتر‬
27
ignite (v)
‫يشعل‬
28
provide (v)
‫يوفر‬
29
pump (v)
‫يضخ‬
30
release
‫يترك‬/‫يطلق‬
31
shift (v)
‫يعشق‬/‫ينقل‬
32
supply (v)
‫يدعم‬
33
transmit (v)
‫ينقل الحركة‬
My car accelerates from 0 to 60 miles in 4 seconds. It’s fast.
Chelsea are eliminated from the competition. They lost the match.
Fuel is filtered before it reaches the engine.
A spark caused the fuel to ignite.
The army provides every new recruit with uniforms and boots.
The heart pumps blood around the body.
The teacher releases the class at the end of the lesson.
With a manual transmission, you must shift the gears yourself.
The school will supply you with the materials you need.
A transmission transmits power from an engine to a drive shaft.
Other words and phrases
34
automatic (adj)
‫آلي‬
35
internal (adj)
‫داخلي‬
36
manual (adj)
‫يدوي‬
standard (adj)
(1) ‫قياسي‬
(2) ‫اساسي‬
37
Lesson 4 Nouns
1
antifreeze (n)
‫مضاد للتجمد‬
2
coolant (n)
‫سائل تبريد المحرك‬
3
defect (n)
‫خطأ ما‬
4
estimate (n)
‫تقديري‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
The gears shift by themselves in an automatic transmission.
The heart is an internal organ of the body.
With a manual transmission, you must shift the gears yourself.
The standard color for a fire engine is red.
You shift gears manually in a car with a standard transmission.
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Put antifreeze in your radiator if you live in a cold area.
You should check the coolant level on a regular basis.
I must return my new radio because it has a defect.
The estimation of our arrival is more or less 2 hours.
32
Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Vocabulary
5
exterior (n)
‫خارجي‬
6
fluid (n)
‫سائل‬
7
friction (n)
‫احتكاك‬
8
interior (n)
‫داخلي‬
9
liquid (n)
‫سائل‬
10
lubrication (n)
‫تشحيم‬/‫تزييت‬
11
maintenance (n)
‫صيانه‬
12
malfunction (n)
‫عطل‬
13
odometer (n)
‫عداد المسافات‬
14
overhaul (n)
‫ترميم‬/‫توضيب‬
15
pipe (n)
‫اسالك‬/‫مواسير‬
16
surface (n)
‫سطح‬
17
thermostat (n)
‫معيار الحرار‬
The usual exterior color of the taxis in New York is yellow.
Oil and water are fluids which are used in engines.
= liquid
Oil is used to reduce friction between moving metal parts.
The exterior of my car is blue, but the interior is gray.
I drink a lot of liquid when working outside in the heat.
= fluid
Engines which lack proper lubrication don't run smoothly.
Your car will run better if you do regular maintenance.
I took a taxi because my engine had a malfunction.
The odometer tells you how many miles the engine has done.
If you start an engine without oil, it will need an overhaul.
Oil flows through that pipe to the motor.
A mirror has a smooth, shiny surface.
When the room gets too hot, adjust the thermostat.
Verbs
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
17
18
‫يرصص‬/‫يو ّزن‬
My car doesn’t drive straight. The wheels need to be aligned.
circulate (v)
‫يدور‬
The heart circulates blood around the body.
estimate (v)
‫يتوقع‬/‫يقدِّر‬
I estimate that 1 gallon of gas should be enough to drive home.
look over (v)
‫يفحص بسرعة‬
The mechanic looked over my car and everything was fine.
lubricate (v)
‫ يشحم‬/‫يزيت‬
Oil lubricates the moving parts in the engine.
malfunction (v)
‫يتعطل‬
We pulled over because the car engine was malfunctioning.
overheat (v)
‫يرفع الحرارة‬/‫ يسخن‬Not using the correct coolant can cause engines to overheat.
rebuild/rebuilt/rebuilt (v)
‫ اعادة بناء‬I rebuilt my house after it was destroyed by fire.
ً
regulate (v)
‫ البقاء مستيقظا‬/‫ السهر‬The thermostat regulates the temperature of the AC.
rub (v)
‫يفرك‬
Lynn rubbed her hands together to warm them up.
service (v)
‫يصلح‬/‫يخدم بمقابل‬
The mechanic services my car every 3,000 miles.
wear out (v)
‫يستهلك‬/‫يتآكل‬
The tires on my car seem to wear out very quickly.
align (v)
Other words and phrases
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
‫معطل‬
Unfortunately, we can’t use my car. The engine is defective.
for the purpose of ‫من اجل‬
The men were sent outside for the purpose of training.
= in order to
have a look at ‫يفحص‬/‫يلقي نظره على‬
My car isn't working. I'll ask the mechanic to have a look at it. = check, examine
in order to ‫من اجل‬
You must study in order to pass the test.
=for the purpose of
so (that)
‫ كي‬/ ‫حتى يتسنى‬
Speak louder so that I can hear you better.
step on the gas
‫ زد السرعة‬/ ‫ادعس‬
Don't step on the gas too hard in heavy traffic.
take a look at
‫غير مفيد‬
Why don't you have the nurse take a look at your arm?
= check, examine
used (adj)
‫مستعمل‬
I can’t afford to buy a new car. I’ll purchase a used one instead.
wear and tear
‫اثار االستهالك‬
My car is ten years old. It's got a lot of wear and tear.
worn out (adj) ‫ مستهلك ال يصلح لالستخدام‬I need to buy new shoes because these are worn out.
defective (adj)
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Grammar
1. Review of much / many / some / any / etc. + NOUN
(L1. Pg.6)
These adjectives are indefinite quantifiers. They describe the general amount, or quantity, of something.
‫هذه الصفات هي صفات للتعبير عن الكميات بشكل عام دون تحديد العدد‬
With countable nouns, use many / several / a few / few
Quantifier
countable noun
many /several
a few / few
‫مع االسماء المعدودة استخدم التالي‬
coins / cars / people / guests
Examples.
There were several people at the party.
The hotel has many guests.
We saw a few things to buy.
There are few cars in the car park.
With uncountable nouns, use much / a little / little
Quantifier
‫مع االسماء غير المعدودة استخدم التالي‬
uncountable noun
much / little
money / food / time
a little
Examples.
I don’t have much money.
Be quick! There is little time remaining.
We have a little food left from the party.
Use all of these with both countable and uncountable nouns
Quantifier
countable & uncountable nouns
any / some / enough /more / most /
all / plenty of / a lot of / lots of /
a good deal of / a great deal of
coins / cars / people / guests
‫استخدم التالي للمعدود و غير المعدود‬
money / food / time
Examples.
There aren’t a great deal of people here.
He sells the most cars.
I don’t have a great deal of money.
You have the most money.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20 Grammar
2. I drank most of the coffee: quantifiers
(L1. Pg.14)
We use quantifiers to describe the amount or quantity of something in general. We use of after a
quantifier when we want to limit the quantity to a particular group of things, or part of a group.
‫ بعد الصفة عندما نريد ان نضع حدا معينا لهذه الكمية او المجموعة او خالفه‬of ‫نستخدم صفات التعبير عن الكميات للتعبير عن الكمية بغير عدد و نستخدم‬
Quantifiers with of
countable
nouns
many / a few / few / one /
two / both / neither / either
Whole group or amount
of
the students.
Example
There are a few of the students in the classroom. (the rest are elsewhere)
Please take a few of these sweets.
Quantifiers with of
uncountable
nouns
much / a little / little
Whole group or amount
of
your coffee.
Example
Did you drink much of your coffee?
There is only a little bit of sugar left in the bowl.
Quantifiers with of
countable &
uncountable
nouns
half / more / most / all
some / any / none
Whole group or amount
the students.
of
your coffee.
Example
Some of the students failed their test.
I spilled some of my coffee on the sofa.
3.
Classes are being offered.
(L2. Pg.35)
We use the present progressive passive to talk about something that is being done now.
‫نستخدم المضارع المستمر المبني للمجهول للتعبير عن شيء يحصل االن بواسطة مجهول‬
We use the past progressive passive to talk about something that was happening in the past.
‫نستخدم الماضي المستمر المبني للمجهول لوصف حدث مستمر حصل في الماضي بواسطة مجهول‬
Present/past progressive passive
Past participle
BE
being
(V3)
A luncheon
is
held
in the mess hall.
Classes
are
offered
at the new building.
The game
was
played
when the lights cut out.
The TVs
were
used
for training purposes.
being
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
35
Issue No. 1.0
Book 20
Grammar
Use the BE passive to emphasize the action, and not who did the action.
Active Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
Details
The children
were playing
games
when the lights
went out.
Object
BE + being + past
participle (V3)
Subject
Details
Games
were being played
(by the children)
when the lights
went out.
Passive Sentence
We do not need to say who did the action.
‫ال نحتاج ان نقول من قام بفعل الفعل‬
4.
What else do you plan on doing as president?
(L2. Pg.49)
Use else to talk about another or different thing, person or place.
‫ للحديث عن اشياء او اشخاص او اماكن اخرى او مختلفة‬else ‫استخدم‬
Question
word
detail
Who
can help us?
What
is there to do?
Why
5.
else
else
would I be here?
Please tell us
how
I can improve my health.
Could you tell us
where
we should park?
I’d like new locks (to be) installed.
(L3. Pg.60)
Use the verbs below to talk about things we want someone else to do.
‫استخدم االفعال ادناه للحديث عن اشياء نريد من احدهم ان يقوم بها‬
I
expect/would
like/need/want
object
expect
the computer
would like
my money
(to be) shared out.
need
that bulb
(to be) replaced straight away.
want
(to be) Past participle (V3)
(to be) installed tomorrow.
these windows (to be) cleaned.
You can use to be, or you can miss it out.
‫ اختياري‬to be ‫استخدام‬
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20
6.
Grammar
The senator hopes to be elected president.
(L3. Pg.62)
With the verbs below, don’t use a direct object after the verb. Use the passive infinitive (to be + V3).
(to be + V3) ‫ استخدم‬.‫ ال تستخدم مفعول به مباشر بعد الفعل‬,‫مع االفعال ادناه‬
Verb
7.
to be + Past participle (V3)
The junior senator
hopes
to be promoted.
Citizens
need
to be guaranteed of change.
The cadets
have asked
to be given extra time to study.
Employees
should expect
to be paid for their work.
Your work email
isn’t intended
to be used for personal tasks.
Most children
hate
to be told to go to bed.
Some women
demand
to be given flowers.
Adding –ive / -tive to make adjectives
(L3. Pg.70)
You can add –ive / -tive at the end of some nouns and verbs to make adjectives. These adjectives mean
someone has that characteristic or quality.
‫ هذه الصفات تعني ان الموصوف فيه ميزة او سمة مشتقة من االسم او‬.‫– الى نهاية االسماء و االفعال لتكوين الصفات‬ive / -tive ‫اضف‬
.‫الفعل اللي تشكلت منه الصفة‬
Verb / Noun
Adjective
to protect
protective
+
a secret
-ive
=
secretive
to select
selective
to produce
+
-tive
Do you get much support
from your boss?
=
productive
Yes, she’s very supportive.
Some words follow these spelling rules.
Verb / Noun
defense
to create
→
Words ending in ‘e’
- drop the ‘e’
→
Some words have
irregular spelling
changes.
to destroy
to persuade
to talk
Adjective
=
defensive
creative
destruction
=
persuasion
talkative
Examples
We must make a collective decision.
Why is he being so secretive?
My brother’s an artist. He’s creative.
Your friend is never quiet – he is very talkative.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20
8.
Grammar
Reported speech: past simple to past perfect.
(L3. Pg.80)
When reporting a statement or question that has a simple past tense verb, we change the verb to past
perfect. Don’t forget to change the pronouns.
.‫ ال تنسى تغيير الضمائر اذا لزم االمر‬.‫ نحول الفعل الى التصريف الثالث‬,‫عندما نريد نقل جملة او سؤال يحتوي على فعل ماضي بسيط‬
Direct statement
I
ended up
in 2nd place.
he
had ended up
in 2nd place.
Reported statement
said
He
(that)
told me
Direct YES / NO question
Did
you
decide
to become…?
she
had decided
to become…?
Reported question
if
I asked (him)
whether
ddd Direct INFORMATION question
How
did
you
finish
in the race?
he
had finished
in his race.
Reported question
I asked (him)
9.
how
Introducing purpose with so that.
(L4.Pg.92)
Use so or so that to connect two clauses. The first clause gives the action. The second clause explains the
reason and expectation for that action.
.‫ لتوصيل عبارتين العبارة االولى فيها حدث و العبارة الثانية فيها شرح اسباب هذا الحدث و النتائج المتوقعة له‬so that ‫ او‬so ‫استخدم‬
ACTION
I’m going to pack warm clothes
Raed saved $4,000
Mishal watches the news
PURPOSE/REASON FOR THE ACTION
so /
so that
I won’t get cold.
he could buy a car.
he knows what’s happening.
Examples
We’re leaving early so / so that we’re not late.
You should check your engine so / so that you don’t break down.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20
Grammar
10. Mr Black doesn’t have as many qualifications as Mr Wilson.
(L3. Pg.100)
Use as much as or as many as to say that the quantity of two things is the same.
‫ للتعبير عن التساوي في المقدار بين شيئين‬as many as ‫ او‬as much as ‫نستخدم‬
After much, use non-countable nouns:
as much time as …
‫ استخدم االسماء غير المعدودة‬much ‫بعد‬
After many, use countable nouns:
‫ استخدم االسماء المعدودة‬many ‫بعد‬
subject + verb
as
much (+ non-countable noun)
many (+ countable noun)
He owns
Mona doesn’t put
as many students as …
as
much land
as
much sugar in her coffee
as
noun /
pronoun
verb
I
own.
we
do.
I can’t eat
much
Ali.
-
He knows
many people
I
do.
he
can.
Nor.
-
They don’t speak
as
many languages
Clara has
many children
11. Which country consumes the most soda?
as
(L4. Pg.110)
A review of comparatives and superlatives.
‫مراجعة للمقارنات و المقارنة القصوى‬
noncountable
nouns
Comparative
Superlative
little
less (than)
the least (of all)
much
more (than)
the most (of all)
Examples
This recipe uses less sugar than that one.
I think you have more vacations than I do.
Try to go down the street with the least traffic.
Robin cycles a lot, but Craig cycles the most of all of us.
countable
nouns
many
more (than)
the most (of all)
few
fewer (than)
the fewest (of all)
Examples
Faris has a car but Ali has 2 cars. Ali has more than Faris.
Tabuk has fewer people than Jeddah.
Riyadh has the most people of all cities in Saudi.
Ahmed has the fewest marks in the class.
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 20
Grammar
12. Irregular verbs of degree: He played very little.
(L4. Pg.112)
A review of comparatives and superlatives.
Verb
+
‫مراجعة للمقارنات و المقارنة القصوى‬
‫يستخدم الماضي المستمر‬
Adverb
Comparative
Superlative
much
more (than)
the most
little
less (than)
the least
Much is 1) used in negative statements and questions.
(e.g. I don’t have much time.)
‫تستخدم في العبارات المنفية و االسئلة‬
2) generally replaced by a lot of in positive statements. (e.g. I have a lot of
‫ في حالة االثبات‬a lot of ‫و تستبدل ب‬
Little is often combined with very. (e.g. I have very little time.)
‫ مع عادة‬little ‫تستخدم‬
Examples
Brian hasn’t studied much this year, but he has studied more than Gwen. The problem is that he has been
working in a café a lot recently. He should get the least marks in the class, but knowing how lucky Brian is, he’ll
probably
BAESKSA-TTS-TRG-FT-L3b-GRM/VOC-RB
40
Issue No. 1.0
Book 21 Vocabulary
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 1 Nouns
1
appetite (n)
2
athlete (n)
3
average (n)
‫شهية‬
He has a big appetite. He eats a lot of food.
‫رياضي‬
The athletes played two basketball matches today.
(1)‫ المعدل الطبيعي‬His ability in math is below average. He may not pass the test
(2) ‫ المتوسط الحسابي‬My marks average this semester is 69. I need to work hard.
‫ماركة‬
My favorite car brand is Ford
The population density of the US is about 80 million per
‫كثافة‬
square mile.
‫صحراء‬
Sahara desert in Africa is the largest desert in the world
‫ازدياد‬/‫نمو‬
There is a growth in the population in our city. It’s crowded.
4
brand (n)
5
density (n)
6
desert (n)
7
growth (n)
8
habit (n)
‫عادة‬
9
industry(n)
‫صناعة‬
10
model (n)
‫نموذج‬
peak (n)
(1) ‫ذروة‬
(2) ‫سياج‬/‫حافة‬
11
12
population (n)
‫سكان‬
13
portion (n)
‫عينة‬/‫جزء‬
rate (n)
(1) ‫تكلفة‬
(2) ‫معدل السرعة‬
15
region (n)
‫منطقة‬
16
sand (n)
‫رمل‬
17
scenery (n)
‫منظر‬
14
Verbs
‫يحسب المتوسط‬
18
average (v)
19
call off (v)
‫الغاء‬
conclude (v)
(1) ‫ينهي‬
(2) ‫يقرر‬
21
contribute (v)
‫يساهم‬
22
Drain (v)
23
keep up with (v) (1) ‫االستمرار على‬
(2) ‫البقاء على اطالع‬
24
occur (v)
‫يحصل‬
25
pick up (v)
‫تعلم بالصدفة‬
26
populate (v)
‫يسكن‬
20
27
‫تفريغ السوائل‬
spread/spread/spread (1) ‫يفرش‬
(2)‫نشر‬
Other words and phrases
28
abnormal
‫غير عادبي‬
29
anyway
‫على أي حال‬
30
approximately (adv) ‫حوالي‬
31
average (adv)
‫عادي‬
32
in that case (prep)
‫في هذه الحالة‬
33
maximum (adj)
‫الحد االقصى‬
34
minimum
‫الحد االدنى‬
35
normal
‫عادي‬
36
once again (adj)
‫مرة اخرى‬
37
per
‫لكل‬
38
rapid
‫سريع‬
39
recent (adv)
ً‫حدث مؤخرا‬
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 21 Vocabulary
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 2 Nouns
1
content (n)
‫محتوى‬
2
effect (n)
‫التأثير‬
3
experiment (n)
‫تجربة‬
4
property (n)
‫خصائص‬
5
result (n)
‫نتيجة‬
6
seal (n)
‫اغالق محكم‬
7
substance (n)
‫مادة‬
Verbs
8
absorb (n)
‫يمتص‬
9
affect (n)
‫يؤثر‬
10 bend (n)
‫يشكل‬
11 bounce (n)
‫يرتد‬
12 contain (n)
‫يحتوي‬
13 escape (n)
‫يتسرب‬/‫يهرب‬
14 float (n)
‫يطفو‬
15 form (v)
‫يشكل‬
16 resist (v)
‫يقاوم‬
17 result from (v)
‫نتج من‬
18 result in (v)
‫يتسبب في‬
seal (v)
‫يغلق بإحكام‬
19
‫يغرق‬
20 sink (v)
21 soak (v)
‫يغمر‬
22 soak up (v)
‫يمتص‬
23 squeeze (v)
‫يعصر‬
24 stretch (v)
‫يمدد‬
Other words and phrases
25 airtight (adj)
‫غير منفذ للهواء‬
26 artificial (adj)
‫صناعي‬
27 as a result (adj)
‫نتيجة لذلك‬
28 as a result of (adv)
‫نتيجة لـ‬
29 effective (adj)
‫فعّال‬
30 elastic (adj)
‫مرن‬
31 flexible
‫مرن‬
32 hardly
‫بالكاد‬
33 inflexible
‫غير مرن‬
34 nowadays (adv)
‫هذه االيام‬
35 original (adv)
‫اصلي‬
36 Real (prep)
‫حقيقي‬
37 rigid (adj)
‫صلب‬/‫جامد‬
38 so … that
‫لدرجة ان‬
such
39
(1) ‫مثل‬
(2) ‫لدرجة عالية‬
‫من‬
40 such … that (adj)
‫ ادى اللى‬... ‫مثل هذا‬
41 waterproof
‫مقوم للماء‬
42 watertight
‫بمعزل عن الماء‬
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Book 21 Vocabulary
-ility -ity
‫يعشق‬/‫ينقل‬
‫يدعم‬
‫ينقل الحركة‬
‫ينقل الحركة‬
‫يتسارع‬
‫يقصي‬
(v)
(v)
(v)
43
(v)
(v)
(v)
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 3 Nouns
1
abbreviation (n)
‫اختصار‬
2
abundance (n)
‫كويل‬
3
aid (n)
‫مساعدة‬
4
award (n)
‫تعويض‬
case (n)
(1) ‫قضية‬
(2) ‫مثال‬
6
charge (n)
7
client (n)
‫اتهام‬
‫مو ِّكل‬
8
court (n)
‫محكمة‬
9
court-martial (n)
‫محكمة عسكرية‬
10
crime (n)
‫جريمة‬
11
criminal (n)
‫مجرم‬
12
judge (n)
‫قاض‬
13
jury (n)
‫هيئة المحلفين‬
justice (n)
(1) ‫عدالة‬
(2) ‫النظام القضائي‬
15
lawyer (n)
‫محامي‬
16
punishment (n)
‫عقوبة‬
17
trial (n)
‫جلسة قضائية‬
5
14
Verbs
18
determine (v)
‫يصدق القرار‬
19
aid (v)
‫يساعد‬
20
award (v)
‫يعوض‬
21
commit (v)
‫يرتكب‬
22
accuse (v)
‫يتهم‬
23
enforce (v)
‫يطبق القانون‬
24
fill
‫يشغل بـ‬
25
interpret (v)
‫يشرح‬/‫يفند‬
26
judge (v)
‫يحكم‬
represent (v)
(1) ‫يمثِّل احد ما‬
(2) ‫يكون مثال يحتذى‬
stand for (v)
‫يعني‬
27
28
Other words and phrases
29
criminal (adj)
‫مجرم‬
30
dual (adj)
‫مزدوج‬
31
fair (adj)
‫عادل‬
for a living (adj)
(1) ‫للعيش‬
(2) ‫اساسي‬
33
illegal (v)
‫غير قانوني‬
34
innocent (v)
‫بريئ‬
32
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Issue No. 1.0
Book 21 Vocabulary
35
in general (v)
‫عموما‬
36
judicial (v)
‫قضائي‬
37
just (v)
‫فقط‬
38
legal (v)
‫قانوني‬
Dis- & un-
39
(v)
(v)
(v)
(v)
(v)
(v)
‫يعشق‬/‫ينقل‬
‫يدعم‬
‫ينقل الحركة‬
‫ينقل الحركة‬
‫يتسارع‬
‫يقصي‬
= similar meaning ≠ opposites
Lesson 4 Nouns
1
advantage (n)
‫مزايا‬/‫فوائد‬
2
branch (n)
‫فرع‬
3
category (n)
‫صنف‬/‫فئة‬
4
conduct (n)
‫التصرف‬
5
counselor (n)
‫مستشار‬
6
disadvantage (n)
‫عيوب‬
7
discharge (n)
‫تسريح‬
8
extension (n)
‫توسعة‬
9
influence (n)
‫تأثير‬
10
obligation (n)
‫تشحيم‬/‫تزييت‬
11
veteran (vet) (n)
‫عسكري سابق‬
Verbs
12
brief (v)
‫يرصص‬/‫يو ّزن‬
13
contact (v)
‫يتصل‬
14
discharge (v)
‫يصرف‬/‫يفصل‬
15
discover (v)
‫يكتشف‬
16
extend (v)
‫يوسع‬
17
head (v)
‫يتجه‬
18
hesitate (v)
‫يتردد‬
19
influence (v)
‫يؤثر‬
20
inform (v)
‫يخبر‬
21
prohibit (v)
‫يمنع‬
22
recruit (v)
‫يستقطب‬
23
re-enlist (v)
‫يعاد تجنيده‬
24
request (v)
‫يطلب‬
25
suggest (v)
‫يقترح‬
26
urge (v)
‫يحث‬
Other words and phrases
27
be no use (adj)
‫معطل‬
28
beneficial
‫مفيد‬
29
beyond
‫وراء‬
30
brief
‫مختصر‬
31
efficient
‫فعال‬
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Book 21 Grammar
32
in contact (with)
‫على اتصال بـ‬
33
in touch (with)
‫على اتصال مع‬
subject to (adj)
(1) ‫خاضع لـ‬
(2) ‫معرضة لـ‬
34
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
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Issue No. 1.0
Additional words you learn
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Issue No. 1.0