The Impact of Geographical Location to The Students of Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. A Reasearch Presented to The Faculty of Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School Lobo, Batangas By: Gayeta, Nhiel Jerick D. Guico, Aevinn James Ramirez, Aldred Sarmiento, Kaye Andrea Denice A. Tagalog, Princess Nicole C. 2024 Chapter I The Problem Introduction Education is incredibly important because it equips individuals with knowledge, skills, and opportunities that can significantly impact their personal development, career success, and overall well-being. Education is very important, especially for students who have dreams in life and we all experienced traveling far just to get to school. Student faces several challenges that can impact their learning experience. For example, the climate and environment of a geographical location can have implications for students' educational experiences. Extreme weather conditions, such as excessive heat or cold, may disrupt school schedules, impacting students' attendance and academic continuity. Additionally, students in areas prone to natural disasters may face disruptions in their education, trauma, and stress-related challenges, affecting their overall well-being and educational outcomes. In the present circumstances, many students live far away from their schools, especially in places like rural areas where schools are not easy to find. This means they have to travel a long way every day just to get to school. Basilio has a lot of students who live far away from school. Living far from school can be tough. Sometimes, there aren't transportation options to help students get to school easily. They might also face challenges such as not having enough sleep or rest. But even with these challenges, students still want to learn. They believe that education can help them build a better future for themselves and their families. So, they keep going to school, no matter how hard it is. Sometimes, families can't afford to send their children to nearby schools. So, students have to go to schools far from home, or they might study online from home. This happens a lot in places where there aren't many schools around. Understanding why students have to study far from their schools is important. It helps us figure out how to help them better. By learning about their experiences and what they go through, we can find ways to support them and make sure they get a good education, no matter where they live. The impact of geographic distance on educational attainment is a significant area of study, examining how accessibility to schools affects students' academic achievements. In this study, we explore the challenges faced by students residing far from schools and how these obstacles can hinder their educational outcomes. By analyzing factors such as commute time, transportation availability, and resource allocation, we aim to uncover the disparities in educational opportunities and propose solutions to mitigate the effects of geographic distance on students' academic success. Access to education is a fundamental right, yet for many students, the geographical distance between their homes and schools presents a significant barrier to achieving academic success. The impact of geographic distance on educational attainment is a critical issue that requires attention and action. By examining the experiences of students living far from schools, we can gain valuable insights into the complex interplay between geography, education, and social equity, paving the way for transformative change in our education systems. This study aims to investigate the profound impact of geographical distance, specifically focusing on students residing far from school in Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High school. Statement of the problem The primary objective of this research is to investigate the challenges encountered by students who choose to study afar from their home and attend schools located in far places. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following question: 1. What is the geographical location of students studying afar from school? 2. How does geographical location affects the students? 3. Based on the findings, what action could be proposed to adress the bad effects? Chapter 1 Theoretrical Framework/Conceptual Framework The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of geographic location to the students of Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. This theoretical framework will guide the study by providing a lens through which to interpret the findings. Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework for this study is a diagram that visually represents the relationships between the variables. It shows how geographic location might affect students' performances. According to Swaen (2015), the conceptual framework illustrates the expectations to find through the research. It defines the relevant variables for the study and maps out how it might relate to each other. Researchers should construct a conceptual framework before starting collecting data. It is often represented in a visual format The input column includes the statement of the problems of the study, it incorporate the participants geographical location, the factors affecting the students in Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School from residing afar from school, and the risks of traveling through the forests. The process includes the procedures to be used for the data gathering interview. The interview will be implemented and distributed with the help of printed questionnaires on the data gathering which leads them to disseminate, gather data and information with the help of the students. And the output includes the actions that could be proposed to guide the students on how to cope the bad effects. Student's geographical location Survey questionnaire Effects of geographical location to the students Input Process Actions that could be pruposed to adress the bad effects Output Significance of the study The following individuals, groups, and organizations benefits from the study: To the administrators: The study's findings may help schools find ways to assistand direct students who travel long distance to school. Late comers are a major problem for school administrators. To the Teachers: This study can help teachers in understanding the challenges students living far away from school encounter when traveling long distance to school. This may contribute to a greater understanding among teachers of the significance of creating inclusive and safe learning environments for students living far away from school. To the Students: Since this study focuses on students' everyday experiences, students will gain most from it. With this study, they will learn strategies for reducing the conflicts and problems they encounter on a daily basis when coming to school. To the parents: Parents and families can use the findings of this study to better understand and support their children's educational journeys. This can include advocating for necessary resources or supporting their children in overcoming any location-related challenges. To the Future Researchers: Future researchers may benefit from this study such that they can use it as a guide when collecting data and learning some background data. The findings of this research may not be applicable to all students globally. It will only be conducted in Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. However, Finance for the general research work will be a challenge during the course of study. Scope, Limitation, and Delimitations of the study This research work will be conducted at Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School, specifically the childrens/students who continue their education despite the distance they have to walk just to reach school.The general focus of this study is to determine the factors, benefits, and risks that the geographical location affect the students in their everyday life. However, the limiting factors of the study were the chosen respondents of students at Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School and the small population of the respondents, who are selected purposely. This study is delimited in students who are not from Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. Definition of terms Geographical Location: In this study, geographical location refers to the physical location where a student resides and attends school. This could include urban areas, suburban areas, rural areas, or remote areas. The geographical location can influence various factors such as access to educational resources, quality of schools, and availability of extracurricular activities. Academic Performance: Academic performance refers to a student's success in their academic endeavors, often measured through grades, standardized test scores, and other academic achievements. This can include performance in specific subjects (such as math or reading) as well as overall academic performance. Socioeconomic Status (SES): SES is a measure of an individual's or family's economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation. It's often considered as a potential confounding factor in educational research. Digital Divide: This term refers to the gap between those who have ready access to computers and the internet, and those who do not. A digital divide can impact a student's ability to access educational resources, particularly in more remote or rural areas. Impact: In the context of this study, impact refers to the effect or influence that geographical location has on students' learning experiences, educational opportunities, access to resources, academic performance, and overall educational outcomes. Rural Area: A rural area is a geographic region characterized by a low population density and a focus on agriculture, natural resources, or small-scale industries. These areas are typically located outside of urban centers and may have limited access to infrastructure and services. Lifestyle: A particular way of living, the way a person lives or a group of people live. According to Adler, a person's lifestyle is established in their earliest years of life; their sense of inferiority or superiority, security in relationships and means of striving towards a life goel. In this study, lifestyle pertains to way of living, past time or the hobby that the people or the students doing. Mental health: The condition of being sound mentally and emotionally that is characterized by the absence of mental illness and by adequate adjustment especially as reflected in feeling comfortable about oneself, positive feelings about others, and the ability to meet the demands of daily life. Physical health: The state of being free from illness or injury. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), physical health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In this study, physical health focuses on the benefits, effects and advantages of walking to our body or physical aspect. Risk: The possibility of loss or injury . Risk refers to uncertainty about and severity of the events and consequences (or outcomes) of an activity with respect to something that is of human value (Aven 2016). In this study, it refers to the possible negative impact of traveling afar from school. Safety: This refers to protection against failure, breakage, or accident. According to Nas (2015)the state of being away from hazards caused by natural forces or human errors. In this study, it pertains to what the students needs to secure while they are traveling from their home to school. Chapter 2 Review of Related Literatures The review of related literature and studies is covered in this part. This research is provided in order to provide a solid foundation for the study and to provide readers with enough knowledge of the factors being studied. It concentrates on the subject being studied. Conceptual studies The geographical location of students can have various effects on their educational experiences and outcomes. In recent years, there has been a significant shift in the education landscape, with an increasing number of students studying from afar, away from the traditional school setting. This chapter aims to explore the conceptual aspects of students studying remotely, examining the benefits, challenges, and potential implications of this educational approach. This chapter provides related literatures to the study. It shows efforts employed by empirical studies of other researchers and their findings, theoretical framework, and identification of the research gap. The first section presents the theoretical framework of the study and it covers theories of motivation, and the second section reviews empirical literatures on the relationship between school location and learners academic performance. Some students reside close to their schools. They only need to take one trip to get to school, or they can choose to simply walk there. On the other hand, some students must travel farther than other students since they live far from their schools. Before they get to their school, students may need to use series of public transportation. Due to the fact that there are still many people who prefer to live in rural places, students attending school must travel long distances because there are no highways that can be used by vehicles. (Gebre & Gebremedhin, 2019) In order for the participants to be qualified in this study, they had to be traveling a distance of four (4) kilometers, up to eleven (11) kilometers. From a global perspective, long travels to school are harmful to students' health and academic performance, according to a recent study by Germany-based Education International. "Until date, neither national authorities nor educational authorities have taken into account how students' health and academic performance are impacted by long travels to and from school. It's fairly uncommon to spend up to two to three hours per day in the road," the study showed. (Times Reporter, 2016). Foreign Studies Weiner (2014) elaborates that students' beliefs about the causes of academic success or failure affect their emotions and motivations, For example, when students attribute failure with the lack of efforts, and efforts is perceived as controllable, they experience the emotion of guilt and consequently increase their involvement in school activities for improved performance in their examinations and general life. In this study, the researcher determined the relationship that exists between motivation theory and self-determination theory on location of school and academic performance of learners. Engelbrecht et at. (2015) in a study which investigated the location of schools, revealed that distance traveled by learners from home to school correlated positively with the academic performance of the students. The researcher elaborates further that most of the learners were affected by the distance which made them use most of their of traveling than learning. Morakinyo (2017) on the effect of distance to school students found that the falling level of academic performance was attributed to teacher's non-use of verbal reinforcement strategy. According to Samora (2013), Every day students traverse six mountains on foot. They don't know what they will encounter along the route, such as snake, which they frequently encounters, especially during rainy seasons, also it is started that during periods of intense rain, students are unable to return home to wait for the flood waters waters to recede because the mountains are very slick. Local Studies Joseph & Carpenter (2017), The students who travel long distances by foot to get to school confront very real and constant risks. These risks have the potential to rob individuals of their identities, their dignity, and even their lives. But these risks can be avoided. Securr and dependable student transportation would give students that much-needed peace of mind and allow them to be safeguarded from crime. According to Creswell (2013). This study employed a phenomenological approach and a qualitative methodology to investigate and comprehend the daily experiences of students who commute a long way to school. We investugated their feelings using discriptive phenomenology. It is a method of qualitative study that emphasizes the similarities among people who share a common experience. To arrive at a description of the nature of the nature of the specific phenomenon is the approach's primary objective. Furthermore, the phenomenological approach benefits the researchers in this study because the topics they are investugating was a particular accurance. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the experiences of students who commute a long distance to school, this design makes it possible to achieve the study's goal. Additionally, this study was undertaken as the researchers investigate the actual experiences if the students who commute a ling distance to school. The design the researchers employed was anticipated to assist in thoroughly completing the study, suggesting a forward-looking component. In the Philippines, according to Peteros, et al., (2022), when attending school, students in these places frequently encounter these difficulties. The long walk to school is one of these difficulties because the roads leading there are inaccessible by cars. Students who experienced these difficulties when attending school often have physical and mental fatigue, which may have an impact on their academic performances. CHAPTER 3 Introduction This section entails the research methodology and procedures employed to collect data relevant to the research objective of the study. It also addresses the research design, subject of the study, data gathering procedure, data gathering instruments and statistical treatment data. Research Methodology This chapter will examine the impact of geographical location on students of Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. The chapter provides an overview of the research design, including the subject of the study, data gathering procedure, data gathering instrument and statistical treatment during the research process. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of children's difficulty in traveling far from school and to know the way to overcome it. Research Design Qualitative research refers to a research methodology that focuses on understanding individuals' subjective experiences on a particular phenomenon. It involves collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data in non-numerical forms such as words, images, or videos. Qualitative research aims to explore and describe the complex nature of human behavior, emotions, and perceptions through open-ended questions and observations. The research findings typically rely on the researcher's interpretation and are not generalized to the entire population. Research Design This study aimed to come-up with rich data on the effects of the school location on learner's at Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. In this study, data were collected from students from Sitio Malvar San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas and students from Sitio Kalingag San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas. For students data was collected by using survey questionnaires each students to answered each question according to his/her understanding towards to the problem. To achieve the purpose, this study used a descriptive method of research utilizing an survey questionnaire about the impact of geographical location on the students of Sitio Malvar San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas and Sitio Kalingag San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas at Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School. This design is considered being the most appropriate method in deciphering issues related to the study and effective in the analysis and interpretation of the gather data. According to Williams (2017). Descriptive research is research design used to examine the situation involving identification of attributes of a particular phenomenon based on an observational basis. So, this type of research is used to describe and interpret the data being studied based on the fact that is supported by accurate theories. Im means that descriptive research is related to the condition occurs at that time, use one variable or more and then investigates in fact. Subject of the Study The respondents of the study were students from Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School during the school year 2023-2024, who resides in Sitio Malvar San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas, and Sitio Kalingag San Nicolas, Lobo, Batangas. A total of twenty-six (26) students from Sitio Malvar and seven (7) students from Sitio Kalingag total of thirthy-three (33) students from different Sitio's are involved in this research study. They were chosen because they are experiencing the effects of geographical location from their home to the school and they are also the ones involved in our research study. DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENTS To gather data, the researcher will use an survey questionnaire as a research instruments. The first part of survey questionnaire will be focusing on identifying the effects of geographical location on the student's on their academic performance. This will include the challenges that students faced while attending to school. Additionally, the survey questions will also cover the experience of the students where successfully attending to school. This researcher will prepare some questions as survey questionnaire for the effect of geographical location on the students who resides in Sitio Malvar San Nicolas, Lobo Batangas: This will serve as the main gathering tool. The research instrument that will use in this study will carefully designed and tested survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on a comprehensive review of the literature related to the effects of geographical location on the student's, as well as consultations with experts in the field. The instrument was designed to capture qualitative data related to the variables being studied. It consits of a series of questions that sought to gather information from the respondents, including their demographics, knowledge, condition, and experiences related to the topic. The questionnaire will be pre-tested to ensure its reliability and validity, and modifications were made based on the feedback received from the pilot study. Overall, the research instrument will be a reliable and valid tool that effectively captured the necessary data for analysis. Survey Questionnaire: An survey questionnaire is a research instrument that consists of a set of questions (or other types of prompts) for the purpose of gathering information from respondents through survey or statistical study. A research questionnaire is typically a mix of close-ended questions and open-ended questions. Open-ended, long-term questions offer the respondent the ability to elaborate on their thoughts. Survey questionnaires provide valuable insight into the demographics you want to appeal to as well as current customers who use your products or website. Creating a survey is an inexpensive and practical method of gathering verified information for future marketing campaigns and strategies. The objective of the first part of the survey questionnaire is to gain in-depth undersanding about the effect of geographical location to the students academic performance. It will seek to identify how geographical location can be affect on the students socialization. The survey questions will explore the effect of geographical location on the student's to faced the challenges. STATISTICAL TREATMENT DATA A frequency and percentage distribution are a display of data that is specifies the percentage of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points. It is used for identifying the total number of observations to be presented and counting the total number of observations within each data point or grouping of data points. Frequency Distribution, Percentage and Rank Technique: These tools are used to quantify the rate at which the respondents considered the variables. They quantified the extent of the effects of geographical location as assessment tool and identify the impact encountered by the learners on the effect of geographical location. Indicator: These quantitative data used to measure and evaluate various phenomena. They are tools that provide a description of the attributes of an object or a measurement for analysis. Weighted Mean: A weighted mean is a kind of average. Instead of each data point contributing equally to the final mean, some data points contribute more weight than others. Composite mean: This is utilized to combine the items that present a variable to create a score or data point for the variable. Scale Scale range Verbal Interpretation 4 3.50 - 4.00 Often / Great Extent / Very useful 3 2.50 - 3.49 Sometimes / Moderate extent / Useful 2 1.50 - 2.49 Rarely / Some extent / Moderately Useful 1 1.00 - 1.49 Never / Least Extent / Least Useful Table 1 Effects of geographical location to the student's who resides at Sitio Malvar San Nicolas, Lobo Batangas 4 3 2 1 (Often) (Sometimes) (Rarely) (Never) Sleep deprivation Tardiness Failure to complete assigned task Tendency to sleep during class hour Poor education Bibliography Bascia, N. & Hargreaves, A. (2000). Teaching and leading on the sharp edge of change. In N. Bascia & A. Hagreaves (Eds.), The sharp edge of educational change, teaching, leading and the realities of reform (pp. 3-26). New York: Routledge Falmer. Calabrese-Barton, A. (2007). Science learning in urban settings. In S. Abell & N. Lederman (Eds.), Handbook of research on science education (pp. 319-343). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 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Gayeta ll. EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Junior High School : Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School, San Nicolas Lobo, Batangas 2021-2024 Elementary : San Nicolas Elementary School, San Nicolas Lobo, Batangas 2014-2021 Guico, Aevinn James A. San Nicolas, Lobo Batangas Name: Aevinn James A. Guico Address: San Nicolas Lobo, Batangas Number: l. PERSONAL PROFILE Date of Birth : Place of Birth : Citizenship : Filipino Sex : Male Age : 16 Religion : Catholic Father's Name : Mother's Name : ll. EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Junior High School : Basilio S. Marasigan Memorial National High School, San Nicolas Lobo, Batangas 2021-2024 Elementary : San Nicolas Elementary School, San Nicolas Lobo, Batangas 2014-2021