QUARTER 3 WEEK 6
ATOMS: INSIDE OUT
DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF PROTONS, NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS
IN A PARTICULAR ATOM.
PREPARED BY: MRS. MARITESS SIÑEL
OBJECTIVES:
-- Determine the number of electrons,
protons, and neutrons in positive ions (cation)
--Determine the number of electrons, protons,
and neutrons in negative ions (anion)
--Illustrate how the sub-atomic partivles are
distributed in an atom/anion/cation
LET’S REVIEW
MASS NUMBER =
PROTON + NEUTRON
ATOMIC NUMBER =
PROTON
PROTON = ELECTRON
IN EQUAL STATES
CATION
AND ANION
First let’s define ION
and what its difference
on a NEUTRAL ATOM
ION is a particle with
unequal number of proton
and electron
-if there are more protons the charge is
positive (+)
-if there are more electrons the charge is
negative (-)
Meanwhile, Neutral atoms are
elements that they contain the
same number of protons as
electrons
Meanwhile, Neutral atoms are
elements that contains the same
number of protons and electrons
When the neutral atom lose its electron and become
an IONs with more number of protons than its electron
it is called CATION
-
e
When the neutral atom gain an electron and become
an IONs with more number of electron than protons it
is called ANION
e
FLUORINE ATOM (F)
FLUORINE ION (F-)
ALWAYS REMEMBER!
Proton do not move to other place (/elements)
or go out from the nucleus. Electrons is the
one going out or going in from an atom. We
consider the charge of an ION base on the
number of proton and electron in an atom. If
electron is release from a neutral atom we call
CATION and if the neutral atom gain one or
more electrons we call it an ANION
Atoms and chemical elements lose or gain electrons when they react
in order to gain stability. Thus, typically, metals lose electrons to nonmetals, thereby forming positive ions. The number of electrons
depends on elements and their position on the Periodic table (in
simple terms). for example, group I metals lose one electron to form
+1 ions, group II lose 2 electrons to form +2 ions etc.
Non-metals gain electrons from metals in order to achieve full outer
shells. Thus, metals will typically react with non-metals, exchanging
electrons to form a compounds.
Outermost shell
Valence Electrons
are the electrons
found in the
outermost shell of
an atom
=
THE END