Q1.
By 1869, about 60 elements had been discovered.
Mendeleev arranged these elements in a table, in order of their atomic weight.
He put elements with similar chemical properties in the same column.
Mendeleev and part of his table are shown below.
Column
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
H
By unknown / неизвестен (here / здесь) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Use the periodic table on the Data Sheet to help you to answer these questions.
(a)
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
groups.
In the periodic table the columns are known
as
periods.
rows.
(1)
(b)
Suggest one reason why hydrogen should not have been put in column 1.
........................................................................................................................
(1)
Page 1 of 14
(c)
In 1895, the first of a new family of elements was discovered.
One of the new elements was called helium.
Where has this new family of elements been placed in the modern periodic
table?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(d)
Complete the sentence.
In the periodic table on your Data Sheet, the elements are arranged in order
of their
atomic ........................................ .
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
Q2.
A section of the periodic table of elements is shown below.
(a)
Where in this section of the periodic table are the metals found?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Sodium chloride is formed when sodium and chlorine combine together
in a chemical reaction.
Write the symbols for sodium and chlorine.
sodium
....................................................
chlorine
....................................................
2 marks
(c)
The formula for a substance is MgS. What is the name of this substance?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
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(d)
Give the name of one element in the table above which is a gas at
room temperature and in which the atoms are joined together in
molecules.
......................................................................................................................
Q3.In 1869, a scientist put the 60 known elements into his periodic table.
Photograph © RIA NOVOSTI/
SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.
(a)
Boyle.
The scientist who put these elements into a periodic table
was
Mendeleev.
Newlands.
(1)
(b)
atomic weight.
First he put the 60 known elements in order of
their
boiling point.
electrical
conductivity.
(1)
Page 3 of 14
(c)
Then he put elements with similar chemical properties in
columns,
known as
groups.
periods.
rows.
(1)
(d)
uncommon.
His periodic table had gaps for elements that were undiscovered.
unreactive.
(1)
(e)
From 1900 onwards, the modern periodic table was produced.
The modern periodic table is an arrangement of elements in terms of
electronic structures.
their
neutron numbers.
atomic weights.
(1)
(Total 5 marks
Page 4 of 14
Q4.
The diagram below represents the particles found in air.
(a)
Complete the following table. Use the diagram and key above to help you.
name
symbol
argon
chemical formula
Ar
nitrogen
oxygen
O2
3 marks
(b)
Air is a gas at room temperature.
What evidence in the diagram above shows this?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
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(c)
A sample of air in a balloon is cooled.
Complete the sentences below using words from the box.
You may use each word more than once.
increases
decreases
stay the same
When the air is cooled, the volume of the air ........................................... and
the mass of the air ............................................. .
When the air is cooled, the density of the air .............................................
(d)
In 1902, the scientist Carl von Linde cooled air to produce liquid oxygen.
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of four substances
that are found in air.
substance
melting point (°C)
boiling point (°C)
argon
–189
–186
oxygen
–218
–183
nitrogen
–210
–196
water
0
100
Before Linde, scientists tried to produce liquid air by cooling it to –190°C.
Give a reason why liquid air was not produced.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 6 of 14
Q5.
Diagram A represents a gas in a container.
The gas can be compressed by moving the piston to the right.
(a)
(i)
How can you tell that the substance in the container is a gas?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
How can you tell from the diagram that the gas is pure?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
The piston is moved to the right as shown in diagram B.
How can you tell, from diagram B, that the pressure of the gas has increased?
Page 7 of 14
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Diagram C shows what happened to the molecules after the gas was
compressed more.
(i)
How can you tell that a chemical reaction happened when the gas was
compressed?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
The mass of the gas in both diagrams B and C was 0.3 g.
Why did the mass of the gas not change when it was compressed?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
Page 8 of 14
(iii)
Complete the table below with the correct chemical formula of each
substance. Use the key to help you.
1 mark
(iv) What is the name of the substance represented by the symbol
.................................................
Page 9 of 14
?
ANSWERS
Q1.
(a)
groups
1
(b)
it is a non-metal
allow it is not a metal
1
(c)
to the right of column 7 / Group 7
accept in Group 0
ignore Group 8 / noble gases
1
(d)
(atomic) number
allow proton number
1
[4]
Q2.
(a)
the three columns on the left hand side
accept ‘the first three columns’ or ‘ on the left’
1 (L7)
(b)
Na
1 (L7)
Cl
1 (L7)
(c)
magnesium sulphide
do not accept ‘magnesium sulphite’
or ‘magnesium sulphate’
1 (L7)
(d)
any one from
•
hydrogen
•
nitrogen
Page 10 of 14
•
oxygen
•
fluorine
•
chlorine
do not accept symbols
1 (L7)
Q3.
(a)
Mendeleev
1
(b)
atomic weight
1
(c)
groups
1
(d)
undiscovered
1
(e)
electronic structures
1
Q4.
(a)
•
N2
do not accept ‘N2’ or ‘2N’ or ‘N + N’ or ‘N2’
1 (L6)
•
do not accept shaded circles for O2
ignore size of circles
1 (L6)
•
water (vapour) or steam H2O
accept ‘hydrogen oxide’
accept ‘OH2’
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)
Page 11 of 14
(b)
•
particles are separate or not joined or spread out
accept ‘molecules’ for ‘particles’
‘atoms’ or ‘elements’ are insufficient in place of
particles
‘they are separate’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
(c)
•
decreases
stays the same
increases
answers must be in the correct order
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)
(d)
any one from
•
water or argon would be solid or frozen
•
nitrogen would be a gas
•
ice would form
‘air is a mixture of different gases’ is insufficient
Q5.
(a)
(i)
•
(molecules) are far apart or not touching each other
accept ‘only gases can be compressed’
‘the gas can be compressed’ is insufficient
as it is given in the question
accept ‘they are randomly arranged’
1 (L7)
(ii)
•
there is only one type of molecule
or compound or substance
accept ‘there is one type of particle’
do not accept ‘there is only one type of atom or
element’
1 (L7)
(b)
any one from
•
the space or distance between the molecules or particles is smaller
accept ‘the volume is less’
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accept ‘atoms’ for ‘particles’
•
the particles or they are closer together
•
more particles are touching the sides
accept ‘particles hit the sides more often’
‘the particles are hitting the sides’ is insufficient
‘if the gas is compressed the pressure rises’ is
insufficient
1 (L7)
(c)
(i)
any one from
•
new or different compounds have formed
accept ‘they are now joined in threes’
accept ‘new combinations of particles or atoms’
•
there is more than one compound
accept ‘the compounds are different’
accept ‘there is no longer a pure substance’
1 (L7)
(ii)
any one from
•
the same number of atoms are present
accept ‘mass is conserved’
‘the mass stays the same’ is insufficient
•
nothing has been added to or lost
‘the same atoms are present’ is insufficient
‘nothing changed’ is insufficient
‘the amount of gas stays the same’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
(iii)
•
NO
accept ‘ON’
N2O
accept ‘ON2’
NO2
accept ‘O2N’
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)
(iv)
Page 13 of 14
•
nitrogen oxide
accept ‘nitrogen monoxide’
accept ‘nitric oxide’
1 (L7)
[7]
Page 14 of 14