1 1 Acids react with alkalis. Choose the pH value which is alkaline. Draw a circle around your answer. pH 1 pH 5 pH 7 pH 12 [1] [Total: 1] 2 Describe the reaction of excess dilute hydrochloric acid with magnesium and with magnesium carbonate. Give the names of the products and any observations. (a) reaction with magnesium products............................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... observations...................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) reaction with magnesium carbonate products............................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... observations...................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] [Total: 4] 3 Sodium hydroxide is an alkali. (a) State the colour change when excess aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of methyl orange in acid. from .................................................................................................................................. to ....................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Choose the pH value of an alkali. Draw a circle around your answer. pH 3 pH 5 pH 7 pH 14 [1] 2 [Total: 3] 4 Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, reacts with calcium hydroxide. The products are ammonia, a salt and a liquid that turns anhydrous copper(II) sulfate blue. Complete the word equation for this reaction. ammonium chloride + calcium hydroxide → ammonia + ..................... ..................... + ................... [2] [Total: 2] 5 This question is about acids, bases and salts. Describe the reaction of excess dilute sulfuric acid with magnesium carbonate and with magnesium oxide. Give the names of the products and any observations. (a) reaction with magnesium carbonate products ............................................................................................................................ observations ..................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) reaction with magnesium oxide products ............................................................................................................................ observations ..................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] [Total: 4] 6 State the colour change when excess aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of litmus in dilute sulfuric acid. from .......................................................................................................................................... to .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 2] 7 This question is about acids, bases and salts. Describe the reaction of excess hydrochloric acid with zinc and with zinc oxide. 3 Give the names of the products and any observations. (a) reaction with zinc product 1 ........................................................................................................................... product 2 ........................................................................................................................... observations ..................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) reaction with zinc oxide product 1 ........................................................................................................................... product 2 ........................................................................................................................... observations...................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] [Total: 4] 8 A student prepares magnesium sulfate crystals, MgSO4, by adding excess magnesium to dilute sulfuric acid. The aqueous magnesium sulfate is heated until crystals begin to appear. (a) Suggest the name for a solution in which no more solute can dissolve. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Suggest why more crystals of magnesium sulfate appear on cooling. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] [Total: 2] 9 Sodium reacts vigorously with water to form aqueous sodium hydroxide, NaOH, which is a strong base. (a) Explain in terms of proton transfer what is meant by a base. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State a pH number that indicates the presence of a strong alkali. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State the colour of methyl orange in aqueous sodium hydroxide. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] [Total: 3] 4 10 Name the type of chemical reaction which occurs when an acid reacts with a base. .................................................................................................................................................. [1] [Total: 1] 11 Complete the word equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with calcium carbonate. hydrochloric acid calcium + → .............................. .............................. carbonate + .............................. .............................. + water [2] [Total: 2] 12 Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapour in the atmosphere. (a) Choose the pH value which is acidic. Draw a circle around your chosen answer. pH 4 pH 7 pH 10 pH 14 [1] (b) Describe one effect of acid rain on buildings. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] [Total: 2] 13 Choose the pH value which is acidic. Draw a circle around your chosen answer. pH 3 pH 7 pH 9 pH 14 [1] [Total: 1] 14 Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is slightly soluble in water. Limewater is a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2(aq). (a) Name the gas limewater is used to test for. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] 5 (b) Suggest what is meant by the term saturated solution. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Describe how you would make a sample of limewater starting with solid calcium hydroxide. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) Describe how you would test for the presence of calcium ions in a sample of limewater. test .................................................................................................................................... observations ..................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] [Total: 8] 15 Nitric acid contains the nitrate ion. (a) Use words from the list to complete the sentences to describe the test for nitrate ions. aluminium ammonia chloride copper hydroxide iron oxygen sulfate Put the sample in a test-tube then add aqueous sodium ............... Then add ............... [3] Warm gently. A gas is produced. The name of this gas is ............... (b) Nitric acid reacts with calcium carbonate. Complete the word equation for this reaction. nitric acid + calcium carbonate → ..................... ..................... + ..................... ..................... + ..................... [3] [Total: 6]
