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Motion
Question Paper 3
Level
Subject
ExamBoard
Topic
Sub-Topic
Paper Type
Booklet
IGCSE
Physics
CIE
General Physics
Motion
(Extended) Theory Paper
Question Paper 3
Time Allowed:
58 minutes
Score:
/48
Percentage:
/100
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1
A rocket, initially at rest on the ground, accelerates vertically.
It accelerates uniformly until it reaches a speed of 900 m / s after 30 s.
After this period of uniform acceleration, the rocket engine cuts out. During the next 90 s, the
upward speed of the rocket decreases uniformly to zero.
(a) On Fig. 4.1, plot a speed-time graph for the rocket for the first 120 s of its flight.
speed
m/s
time / s
Fig. 4.1
[4]
(b) Using the graph,
(i)
calculate the acceleration during the first 30 s,
a = change in velocity/time
= 900/30
= 30 m/s2
30 m/s
acceleration = .................................................. [2]
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(ii)
determine the height reached by the rocket after 120 s.
area = (0.5)(900)(120)
= 54000m
54000 m
height reached = .................................................. [2]
[Total: 8]
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2
A train is at rest in a railway station. At time t = 0, the train starts to move forwards with an
increasing speed until it reaches its maximum speed at time t = 48 s.
Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the first 48 s of the journey.
40
30
speed
m/s
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
time / s
100
120
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i)
State how the graph shows that, during the first 48 s of the journey, the acceleration
of the train is constant.
the gradient is a straight line
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii)
Calculate the acceleration of the train during the first 48 s of the journey.
a = change in velocity/t
= 36/48
= 0.75 m/s2
0.75 m/s2
acceleration = .................................................. [2]
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(b) After time t = 48 s, the train continues at its maximum speed for another 72 s.
(i)
On Fig. 1.1, sketch the speed-time graph for the next 72 s of the journey.
(ii)
Determine the total distance travelled by the train in the 120 s after it starts moving.
[1]
area = 1/2 (a+b) h
= 1/2 (72+120)35
= 3456 m
3456 m
distance = ..................................................
[3]
[Total: 7]
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3
A train has a total mass of 7.5 × 105 kg.
(a) The train accelerates from rest at a constant rate along a straight, horizontal track.
It reaches a speed of 24 m / s in 60 s.
Calculate
(i)
the train’s acceleration,
a = velocity/time
= 24/60
= 0.4 m/s2
0.4 m/s2
acceleration = ..................................................
[2]
(ii)
the resultant force acting on the train.
f=ma
=(7.5x10)0.4
= 300 000 N
300 000 N
force = .................................................. [2]
(b) The train now travels with a constant speed of 24 m / s along a straight, horizontal track.
The total force opposing the motion due to friction and air resistance is 7.2 × 104 N.
(i)
By considering the work done by the train’s engine in 1.0 s, calculate its output
power.
p = w/t
= 1728000/1.0
= 1.7 x 10(6) w
w=fd
=7.2x10(4)) x 24
= 1728000
1.7 x 10(6) w
power = .................................................. [2]
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(ii)
The train begins to travel up a slope.
Explain why the power of the train’s engine must be increased to maintain the
speed of 24 m / s.
gravitational potential energy of train has to be increased
..................................................................................................................................
forces acts down the slope
..................................................................................................................................
more work has to be done/ energy provided by the train
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 9]
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4
A school athlete does a sprint training run. Fig. 1.1 shows how her speed varies with time.
8
6
speed
m/s
..
4
2
0
0
2
4
6
time / s
8
10
Fig. 1.1
(a) Explain how the graph in Fig. 1.1 can be used to determine the distance she runs.
you work out the area underneath the gradient
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Determine her maximum acceleration. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the
necessary information.
change in velocity / change in time
= 4.1 - 3.4/ 2.2 - 2
= 0.7/0.2
= 3.5 m/s(2)
3.5 m/s(2)
maximum acceleration = .................................................. [4]
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(c) She runs a distance of 62 m.
Calculate her average speed.
s=d/t
= 62/10
=6.2
6.2 m/s
average speed = .................................................. [2]
[Total: 7]
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5
A girl rides her bicycle along a straight level road. Fig. 2.1 shows a graph of her distance
moved against time.
D
400
C
300
distance / m
200
100
B
0
A
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
time / s
Fig. 2.1
(a) Describe her motion
(i)
accelerating, increasing speed
from A to B, ..............................................................................................................
(ii)
constant speed,
from B to C, ..............................................................................................................
(iii)
decelerating, decreasing speed
from C to D. ..............................................................................................................
[3]
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(b) Calculate
(i)
her average speed from A to D,
speed=d/t
= 400/60
=6.6 m/s
(ii)
6.6 m/s
average speed = ................................................. [2]
her maximum speed.
speed=d/t
200/30
6.7 m/s
maximum speed = .................................................
[3]
[Total: 8]
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6
Fig. 1.1 is a distance / time graph showing the motion of an object.
25
distance / m
20
15
10
5
0
0
1
2
3
time / s
4
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i)
Describe the motion shown for the first 2 s, calculating any relevant quantity.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
After 2 s the object accelerates.
On Fig. 1.1, sketch a possible shape of the graph for the next 2 s.
[1]
(b) Describe how a distance / time graph shows an object that is stationary.
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
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(c) Fig. 1.2 shows the axes for a speed / time graph.
10
8
speed
m/s
6
4
2
0
0
1
2
3
time / s
4
Fig. 1.2
On Fig. 1.2, draw
(i)
the graph of the motion for the first 2 s as shown in Fig. 1.1,
(ii)
an extension of the graph for the next 2 s, showing the object accelerating at 2 m / s2.
[3]
(d) Describe how a speed / time graph shows an object that is stationary.
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 9]