Prince George's Community College Department of Nursing Medication Sheet to Accompany Patient Profile and Assessment Name & Classification Generic: Losartan potassium Brand: Cozaar Functional Classification: Antihypertensive Generic: Lasix tab Brand: Furosemide Functional Classification: Diuretic . Actions of the drug & Why is your patient receiving this drug? Action: HTN inhibits vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting action of angiotensin II by blocking angiotensin II receptor on the surface of vascular smooth muscle and other tissue cells. Action: for edema inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal and distal tubules and the ascending loop of Henle. Patient Dosage & Safe dose range Tablet 25mg 1 tab PO Safe Dose Range: 40mg PO once a day Common Side Effects Nursing Implications Hyperkalemia induce chronic cough Orthostatic hypotension Angioedema tinnitus Monitor vital signs for drop in BP, and pulse rate Monitor potassium levels to maintain a level within the expected reference range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L. Advise clients to avoid the use of salt substitutes containing potassium. Monitor for manifestations of hyperkalemia (numbness and tingling) and paresthesia in hands and feet. GI upset Headache, Dizziness, weakness, orthostatic hypertension hypocalcemia Give medication in the morning avoid giving in the evening. Monitor fluid intake Monitor for frequent toileting Name & Classification Generic: Aspirin tablet chewable Actions of the drug & Why is your patient receiving this drug Patient Dosage & Safe dose range Common Side Effects Nursing Implications Reduce occurrence of TIS, MI, and stroke 10mg IV One time Dose Hemolytic anemia GI upset Tinnitus Report any side effects to physician. For pt on warfarin monitor for signs of bleeding Can be administered Iv, or P.O Can be given with or without food Educate patient to avoid alcohol, aspirin, nsaids, and foods that increase GI irritations. Encourage pt to increase fiber and fluid intake Brand: ASA Safe Dose Range: Injection: 0.4 mg/mL in NSS (premixed); 10 mg/mL Functional Classification: Antipyretic nonopioid analgesic Generic: Famotidine IV Brand: Pepcid Functional Classification: Histimine2-receptor antagonists GERD Neutralize or reduce the acidity of gastric acids can reduce pepsin activity pH is above5 Pt. taking due to: Electrolyte Replacement Constipation Diarrhea Nausea Lethargy, hallucinations, restlessness (older adults with kidney or liver dysfunction) Name & Classification Actions of the drug & Why is your patient receiving this drug? Generic: Pravastatin sodium tab Brand: Pravachol Patient Dosage & Safe dose range Common Side Effects Nursing Implications Hyperlipidemia Used to lower LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B 40 mg 1tab po once daily Insomnia GI upset Headache Sore throat Nosebleed Constipation Hepatotoxicity Myopathy Instruct clients to avoid grapefruit and juice Instruct client on managing low fat, low cholesterol diet and become involved with regular exercise Administer medication at bedtime Obtain Baseline liver function and monitor periodically Obtain baseline creatine kinase level and monitor periodically Action: Replaces magnesium and maintains magnesium level. 2g Intravenous Piggyback (IVPB) 0ne time dose CNS Depression. Bradycardia hypotension, arrhythmias, respiratory distress, pulmonary edema Keep IV calcium available to reverse magnesium intoxication. Check magnesium level after repeated doses. Monitor levels hourly in patients with severe hypomagnesemia. Normal plasma magnesium level is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Monitor fluid intake and output. Output should be 100 mL or more during 4-hour period before dose. Monitor renal function. Functional Classification: Antilipemic Generic: Magnesium Sulfate Brand: Magnesium Salt Safe Dose Range: Functional Adults: 5 g IV in 1 L Classification: of D5W or NSS over Pt. taking due to: Magnesium replacement Electrolyte replacement 3 hours; or 4 to 8 g IV over 4 to 24 hours. Name & Classification Generic: Potassium Chloride Actions of the drug & Why is your patient receiving this drug? Action: Replace potassium and maintain potassium levels Brand: Klor-Con Functional Classification: Potassium supplement Generic: Morphine Brand: Duramorph PF Functional Classification: Opioid Analgesics Pt. taking due to: Hypokalemia Binds with opioid receptors in the CNS, altering perception of and emotional response to pain Pt. taking due to: Abdominal Pain Patient Dosage & Safe dose range 20meq/50ml Intravenous (IV) X1 Safe Dose Range: injection concentrate: 2 mEq/mL Injection for IV infusion: 0.1 mEq/mL; 0.2 mEq/mL; 0.4 mEq/mL; 20 mEq/L; 30 mEq/L; 40 mEq/L in various solutions 2mg Intravenous (IV)) q3h PRN Common Side Effects Nursing Implications Hyperkalemia Arrhythmias, Heart block, Cardiac arrest GI upset Monitor vital signs for drop in BP, and pulse rate Monitor potassium levels to maintain a level within the expected reference range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L. Monitor patient for hyperkalemia (palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, vomiting Respiratory Depression, Bradycardia, cardiac arrest Safe Dose Range: 0.5 mg/mL; 1 mg/mL; 2 Drowsiness, mg/mL; 5 mg/mL; 10 Dizziness mg/mL; 15 mg/mL; 50 mg/mL Carefully monitor vital signs, pain level, respiratory status, and sedation level in all patients receiving opioids, especially those receiving IV drugs If patient is taking opioids with serotonergic drugs, watch for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome Name & Classification Generic: Naloxone Brand: Narcan Functional Classification: Antidote Opioid antagonists Generic: Ondansetron Hydrochloride Brand: Ondansetron Functional Classification: Antiemetics Actions of the drug & Why is your patient receiving this drug? Action: May displace opioid analgesics from their receptors Patient Dosage & Safe dose range Pt. Dose: 2mg Intravenous (IV) q2min Pt. taking due to: Morphine order for Pain Safe Dose Range: Injection: 0.4 mg/mL; 1 mg/mL Block 5-HT3 in the CNS in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and in the peripheral nervous system on nerve terminals of the vagus nerve. 4mg Intravenous (IV) q6h PRN Pt. taking due to: Nausea and vomiting Safe Dose Range: injection: 2 mg/mL Common Side Effects Nursing Implications Seizures, encephalopathy, Ventricular fibrillation, Ventricular tachycardia pulmonary edema, tremors, headaches Duration of action of the opioid may exceed that of naloxone, and patients may relapse into respiratory depression. Monitor patients closely and repeat dose if needed. Respiratory rate increases within 1 to 2 minutes. Monitor respiratory depth and rate. Provide oxygen, ventilation, and other resuscitation measures. Carefully observe administration site for signs or symptoms of infection after the opioid emergency. GI irritation Nausea, Diarrhea Vaginitis Correct electrolyte abnormalities (hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia) before infusing drug. Monitor patients for decreased bowel activity, especially those at risk for GI obstruction; drug may mask progressive ileus or gastric distention. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia during and immediately after IV administration. Monitor LFT results. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
