Science
Stage 9
Paper 1
Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Mark Scheme
3146_01_MS_5RP
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2023
3146/01
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
2023
General guidelines on marking
Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.
Answers may have words spelt incorrectly. Credit is normally given for phonetically correct answers,
unless the word has a scientifically different meaning. For example, where the answer should be
antennae, credit will be given for antena but not for anthen (too close to anther).
Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.
Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.
Unless specified all marking points are independent.
Annotations and abbreviations
/ or
alternate responses for the same marking point
( ) brackets
the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark
underline
exact word is required
Accept
an acceptable response
Do not accept
indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative
Ignore
indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.
Note
provides extra information when necessary
ecf
error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct
ora
or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases
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Page 2 of 12
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1(b)
1(a)
Question
3146/01
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filters the blood or removes urea from the blood
urethra
(bladder)
ureter
kidney(s)
Answer
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
Accept correct named waste products
Accept removes waste products from the blood
1 Ignore cleans the blood
3 each correct answer = 1 mark
Further Information
2023
Cl
2(a)(ii)
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attraction between ions
2(b)
Answer
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Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
(attraction between) oppositely charged ions or positive and
negative ions
Li and K
2(a)(iii)
gains an electron
Al
2(a)(i)
Question
3146/01
Accept electrostatic attraction between ions = 2
marks
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
1 both needed in any order for the mark
Accept (ion) has 1 more electron than the atom
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.
ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence
1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks
Further Information
2023
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one or two correct = 1 mark
2 all three correct = 2 marks
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Accept hit or bump or knock
Thermal energy travels through the metal container by
conduction.
3(c)
Note answer must be comparative
Accept black (container) reflects less radiation
1 Accept shiny or silver object is a worse absorber
Accept (except at start) the temperature is
always higher (at the same time)
As energy passes through the metal the particles collide
with each other.
black (container) is a better absorber (of radiation)
3(b)(iii)
2023
Accept shiny silver container increased the least
1 Accept the black container has reached the
highest temperature
1 Accept temperature probe
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
Further Information
Accept to and fro or move back and forth
Accept collide for vibrate
(idea that) the temperature has increased the most
3(b)(ii)
Marks
The particles in the metal gain thermal energy and vibrate
more.
thermometer
temperature is how hot an object is or temperature is how
cold an object is
heat is the amount of (thermal) energy in an object
Answer
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
3(b)(i)
3(a)
Question
3146/01
Question
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5(c)
5(b)
5(a)
4
Question
3146/01
iron
iron
+
no
copper
+
no
magnesium
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(idea that) iron sulfate is used up in the first reaction
zinc
yes
zinc
zinc
sulfate
(yes)
metal
iron
sulfate
is there a
displacement
reaction?
Answer
The Earth was spinning so fast that some material broke off
and began to orbit the Earth.
The Moon formed when Earth hit another smaller planet,
the debris collected in an orbit around the Earth.
The Moon was formed at the same time as the Earth was
formed.
The Moon formed in another part of the Solar System and
was later captured by Earth’s gravity.
Answer
✓
Marks
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
1
correct products in any order = 1 mark
2 correct reactants in any order = 1 mark
1 all three correct = 1 mark
Further Information
Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.
circling or underlining, but ticking takes
precedence
1 more than one box ticked = 0 marks
Further Information
2023
transpiration
9 (g)
(idea of) to stop water loss (from the surface of the water in
the conical flask) or to stop evaporation (of water from the
conical flask)
the balance is more precise
6(a)(iii)
6(b)(i)
6(b)(ii)
6(b)(iii)
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xylem
6(a)(ii)
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root hair (cells)
Answer
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
6(a)(i)
Question
3146/01
Do not accept results are more accurate
1 Accept the results are more precise
1 Do not accept to stop water loss from the plant
shoot or evaporation from the plant shoot
1 Accept answer written near question, but answer
in table takes precedence
1 Accept diffusion or evaporation
1
1
Further Information
2023
to turn a
circuit on or off
cell
variable resistor
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8(c)
Page 8 of 12
(idea that) offspring inherit genes from both parents
1 Ignore offspring inherit different chromosomes
Accept so 50% offspring are female because XX
if the sperm which has an X chromosome fertilizes the egg
the offspring will be female
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
1
Further Information
if two lines to (or from) one box and one is
incorrect, then both lines are incorrect
one correct = 0 marks
two or three lines correct = 1 mark
four or five lines correct = 2 marks
3 all six lines correct = 3 marks
Further Information
Accept so 50% offspring are male because XY
Marks
Marks
2023
if the sperm which has a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg
the offspring will be male
half the sperm has Y (chromosome) or half the sperm has X
(chromosome)
any two from
to change the current
in a circuit
switch
8(b)
to measure the voltage
across a component
voltmeter
V
Answer
the source of energy
in the circuit
fertilisation
Question
function
name
Answer
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
symbol
8(a)
7
Question
3146/01
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9(b)
9(a)
Question
3146/01
there are no anomalous results
Page 9 of 12
the mean for each ball is similar to their results
all their results for each ball are similar
any two from
wildfires
tsunami
climate change or long term cooling of the Earth’s
temperature
mass extinction (of dinosaurs/animals)
any two from
Answer
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
2 each correct explanation = 1 mark
Accept (idea of) increase in temperature near
impact
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
Further Information
2023
Question
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11(b)
11(a)
10(b)
10(a)
Question
3146/01
current
voltage
or (Ω) =
l
v
or
Answer
0.025
3.0
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(idea that) current joins up after going through the lamps
(idea that) current divides at the junction
this is a parallel circuit
any two from
120 (Ω)
(resistance) =
evaporation
One other way of increasing the rate of this reaction is to
increase the surface area of the magnesium
The rate of this reaction is increased by increasing the
concentration or the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid
Answer
Marks
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
2 each correct answer = 1 mark
Ignore incorrect unit
Accept 120 with or without working = 2 marks
2 correct formula or evidence of correct substitution
= 1 mark
Further Information
Do not accept filtration or distillation or sieving
1 Accept crystallisation or heating
Ignore concentration
2 each correct sentence = 1 mark
Further Information
2023
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12(b)
12(a)
Question
3146/01
4
3
2
1
K
M
G
A
(O)
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Arcturus
Antares
mean radius is about half
that of the Sun
mean luminosity is about
half that of the Sun
go to 4
Capella
Sirius
Lactera
go to 3
go to 2
mean mass is less than the
mass of the Sun
mean mass is greater than
the mass of the Sun
mean mass is 60 times
greater than the mass of the
Sun
mean mass is 3.2 times
greater than the mass of the
Sun
star colour is not blue or
blue to white
star colour is blue or blue to
white
star type
New stars are formed in some nebulae called stellar
nurseries
Nebulae are clouds of dust and gas
Answer
Marks
Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
one correct = 0 marks
two or three correct = 1 mark
2 all four correct = 2 marks
Accept hydrogen or helium for gas
Accept dust and gas in either order
2 each correct sentence = 1 mark
Further Information
2023
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3146/01
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Science Stage 9 Paper 1 Mark Scheme
2023