Section 7.3: Chemistry Journal Section 7.3 Questions, page 438 1. Increasing the temperature lowered the ammonia yield because it shifted the equilibrium to favour the reactants. 2. The economic necessity that Haber discussed was the need for more fertilizer to increase food production for a growing population. 3. Adding a catalyst increases the rate of the chemical reaction. If ammonia is removed, the rate of making more ammonia is higher with the catalyst. The catalyst does not, however, change the equilibrium to favour ammonia production. 4. Increasing pressure inside the reaction vessel shifts the equilibrium in favour of the product, ammonia. 5. Answers may vary. Answers should include the following information: The development of a process to manufacture ammonia was driven by the economic need for fertilizer but limited by the ability to produce the best reaction conditions for manufacturing ammonia. The process today uses better catalysts and better technologies to separate ammonia from the reaction mixture. (Encourage students to use creative ways, such as posters, models, or slides, to present their answers to this question.) 6. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Scientific research should not focus on real-world problems because many advances come from research driven by curiosity. For example, Haber’s research was mainly driven by his curiosity, but it led to a major advance in chemical production techniques. Copyright © 2012 Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 7: Chemical Equilibrium 7.3-1