PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2009) | Denotes Revision FABRICATING TOLERANCES Prepared by Pipe Fabrication Institute Engineering Committee All PFI Standards are advisory only. There is no agreement to adhere to any PFI Standard and their use by anyone is entirely voluntary. Copyright by PIPE FABRICATION INSTITUTE Dedicated to Technical Advancements and Standardization in the Pipe Fabrication Industry Since 1913 USA CANADA 511 Avenue of America’s, # 601 655, 32nd Avenue, # 201 New York, NY 10011 Lachine, QC H8T 3G6 WEB SITE www.pfi-institute.org CD-ROM VERSION 2014-2015 PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2009) | Denotes Revision FABRICATING TOLERANCES METRIC CONVERSIONS The conversion of quantities between systems of units involves a determination of the number of significant digits to be retained. All conversions depend upon the intended precision of the original quantity and are rounded to the appropriate accuracy. Pipe sizes together with applicable wall thickness are not shown with metric equivalents. The SI (metric) values where included with the customary U.S. values in this Standard are the rounded equivalents of the U.S. values and are for reference only. Metric units were derived utilizing the following conversion factor: Conversion _________ Factor _____ inches to millimeter 25.4 1. Scope 3. Angularity and Rotation Tolerances 1.1 This standard covers general pipe shop fabricating tolerances for prefabricated piping assemblies. This standard shall not apply to field erected pipe. 3.1 Angularity tolerance across the face of flanges, weld end preparation and on rotation of flanges are as stated on Fig. 1. 4. Closer Tolerances 2. Linear Tolerances 2.1 The tolerances on linear dimensions (intermediate or overall) apply to the face to face, face to end, and end to end measurements of fabricated straight pipe and headers; center to end or center to face of nozzles or other attachments; or center to face of bends; as illustrated on Fig. 1. These tolerances are not accumulative. 4.1 When closer tolerances than those given in paragraphs 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 are absolutely necessary, they shall be subject to agreement between the Purchaser and Fabricator. 2.2 Linear tolerances on “A” are 1/8" (3.0 mm) for sizes 10" and under, 3/16" (5.0 mm) for sizes 12" through 24" and 1/4" (6.0 mm) for sizes over 24" through 36". 2.3 Linear tolerances on “A” for sizes over 36" are subject to tolerances of 1/4" (6.0 mm), increasing by plus or minus 1/16" (2.0 mm) for each 12" in diameter over 36". 2.4 Due to the cumulative effects of tolerances on fittings or flanges, when joined without intervening pipe segments, deviations in excess of those specified in paragraphs 2.2 and 2.3 may occur, and are acceptable. CD-ROM VERSION 2014-2015 CD-ROM VERSION 2014-2015 PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2009) | Denotes Revision "A" "A" END PREPARATION FOR WELD SHALL NOT DEVIATE FROM INDICATED POSITION BY MORE THAN 1/32" (1.0 mm) ACROSS THE LAND FOR INERT GAS WELD JOINTS OR 3/32" (3.0 mm) FOR OTHER JOINTS FOR BENDING TOLERANCE, MINIMUM RADIUS AND MINIMUM TANGENT SEE PFI STANDARD ES-24 "A" TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS WHICH DO NOT INCLUDE PIPE SEGMENTS ARE TO BE BASED ON ANSI SPECIFICATIONS FOR FITTINGS OR FLANGES INVOLVED (SEE PARAGRAPH 2.4) ROTATION OF FLANGES FROM THE INDICATED POSITION MEASURED AS SHOWN, 1/16" (2.0 mm) MAX. 1/8" (3.0 mm) X "A" "A" "A" "A" X " "A "A" "A" SECTION X-X ALIGNMENT OF FACINGS OR ENDS SHALL NOT DEVIATE FROM THE INDICATED POSITION MEASURED ACROSS ANY DIAMETER MORE THAN 3/64" PER FOOT (1.0 mm PER 25.0 cm) OR 1/32" (1.0 mm) WHICHEVER IS GREATER FIGURE 1 APPLICATION OF PIPE FABRICATION TOLERANCES CD-ROM VERSION 2014-2015 CURRENT INDEX OF 2014-2015 PFI STANDARDS & TECHNICAL BULLETINS Engineering and Design ES02 R13 Method of Dimensioning Piping Assemblies ES07 R13 Minimum Length and Spacing for Welded Nozzles ES16 R13 Access Holes, Bosses, and Plugs for Radiographic Inspection of Pipe Welds ES26 R13 Welded Load Bearing Attachments to Pressure Retaining Piping Materials ES36 R13 Branch Reinforcement Work Sheets. ES36 R13 Branch Reinforcement Work Sheets – ELECTRONIC VERSION ES40 RA10 Method of Dimensioning Grooved Piping Assemblies ES44 R13 Drafting Practices Standard ES01 R10 Internal Machining and Solid Machined Backing Rings For Circumferential Butt Welds ES21 R10 Internal Machining and Fit-up of GTAW Root Pass Circumferential Butt Welds ES24 R13 Pipe Bending Methods, Tolerances, Process and Material Requirements ES35 RA03 Nonsymmetrical Bevels and Joint Configurations for Butt Welds ES45 R13 Recommended Practice for Local Post-Weld Heat Treatment ES47 R13 Welding of Internally Clad Piping ES49 R13 Guidelines for Installation of Integrally Reinforced Branch Connection Fittings ES05 R13 Cleaning of Fabricated Piping ES29 R06 Internal Abrasive Blast Cleaning of Ferritic Piping Materials ES31 RA04 Standard for Protection of Ends of Fabricated Piping Assemblies ES34 R03 Temporary Painting/Coating of Fabricated Piping ES37 RA10 Standard for Loading and Shipping of Piping Assemblies ES03 R09 Fabricating Tolerances ES11 R03 Permanent Marking on Piping Materials ES22 R13 Recommended Practice for Color Coding of Piping Materials. Welding and Fabrication Cleaning, Painting, and Shipping Quality Control ES32 R13 Tool Calibration ES39 RA10 Fabricating Tolerances for Grooved Piping Systems ES41 RA03 Standard for Material Control and Traceability of Piping Components ES43 RA13 Standard for Protection of Austenitic Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy Materials Examination and Testing ES04 R13 Hydrostatic Testing of Fabricated Piping ES20 R13 Wall Thickness Measurement by Ultrasonic Examination ES27 R10 "Visual Examination" The Purpose, Meaning and Limitation of the Term ES42 R05 Standard for Positive Material Identification of Piping Components using Portable X-Ray Emission Type Equipment ES48 R13 Random Examination Technical Bulletins TB1 R13 Pressure - Temperature Ratings of Seamless Pipe Used in Power Plant Piping Systems - ELECTRONIC VERSION TB3 R13 Guidelines Clarifying Relationships and Design Engineering Responsibilities Between Purchasers’ Engineers and Pipe Fabricator or Pipe Fabricator or Pipe Fabricator Erector TB5 R13 Information Required for the Bidding of Pipe Fabrication TB7 R04 Guidelines for Fabrication and Installation of Stainless Steel High Purity Distribution Systems TB8 R13 Recommended practice for the fabrication of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piping TB9 R13 Customary Fitting, Forging, Plate and Bar Materials used with Pipe ELECTRONIC VERSION “1913 – 2013” Visit our website www.pfi-institute.org for; A complete list of PFI members and available membership CHARTER MEMBERS CONTRACTOR MEMBERS ASSOCIATE MEMBERS AFFILIATE MEMBERS HONORARY MEMBERS Associate and Affiliate member contributors Walter Sperko Thomas Warrelmann Sheryl Michalak Sperko Engineering Services, Inc. Victaulic Company of America Welding Outlets, Inc. Greensboro, NC Easton, PA Houston, TX PFI Standards and Technical Bulletins are published to serve proven needs of the pipe fabricating industry at the design level and in actual shop operations. Hence, such needs are continually considered and reviewed by the Engineering Committee of the Pipe Fabrication Institute to provide recommended procedures, which have been demonstrated by collective experiences to fulfill requirements in a manner for Code compliance. However, as the PFI Standards are for minimum requirements the designer or fabricator always has the option of specifying supplementary conditions in the form of requirements beyond the scope of the PFI publications.
