Awesome Volcanos Geweldige Vulkanen English What are Volcanoes? Have you ever wondered what causes the ground to shake and the bright red lava to flow? That's because of volcanoes! Volcanoes are giant openings in the Earth's surface where hot, melted rock called magma comes out. Let's explore the incredible world of volcanoes! 1 Inside a Volcano Deep beneath the Earth's surface, there is a layer called the mantle. This is where the magma is found. When the Earth's plates, giant puzzle pieces that make up the Earth's crust, move, they can create cracks and openings. This allows the magma to rise to the surface and form a volcano! 2 Volcano Shapes Volcanoes can have different shapes. Some are tall and cone-shaped, like Mount Fuji in Japan. Others are round and have a big crater at the top, like Mauna Loa in Hawaii. No matter their shape, all volcanoes can be very powerful! 3 Volcano Eruptions ​When a volcano erupts, it can be very exciting and dangerous at the same time! The molten rock, ash, and gases shoot out of the volcano and into the air. This is called an eruption. Sometimes volcanoes have small eruptions with just ash and smoke, while other times they can have big explosions that shoot lava into the sky! 4 There are famous volcanoes all around the world, there are famous volcanoes that attract visitors from near and far. For example, in Italy, there is Mount Vesuvius, which erupted and buried the ancient city of Pompeii. Another famous volcano is Mount St. Helens in the United States, which had a massive eruption in 1980! 5 Volcano Safety Volcanoes are aweinspiring, but it's important to stay safe when we are near them. Scientists called volcanologists study volcanoes to help predict when they might erupt. They also teach people how to stay safe by following evacuation plans and staying away from dangerous areas during an eruption. 6 Volcano Fun Facts. Did you know that some volcanoes are underwater? They are called submarine volcanoes. Also, the lava from volcanoes can be very hot, sometimes reaching temperatures of 2,100 degrees Fahrenheit (1,150 degrees Celsius)! 11 times as hot as boiling water! 7 Did you know that their are volcanos in space? Also the tallest volcano in the solar system is not on earth! It is on mars! It is called mt olimpus mons.It is 25 kilometers tall. 8 Glossary Mantle: The layer beneath the Earth's crust where magma is found. Magma: Hot, melted rock inside a volcano. Plates: Giant puzzle pieces that make up the Earth's crust. Crater: The opening at the top of a volcano. Ash: Tiny pieces of rock and debris that come out of a volcano during an eruption. Eruption: When a volcano releases magma, ash, and gases into the air. 9 Awesome Volcanos Geweldige Vulkanen English Local Copyright © 2023, Thijs den Hartogh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ You are free to make commercial use of this work. You may adapt and add to this work. You must keep the copyright and credits for authors, illustrators, etc. This book was created with Bloom Enterprise features freely enabled in order to support projects funded by the local community.
