INTRODUCTION TO
MANAGEMENT
LECTURE 1
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
Lecture Outline
What is
Management ?
What do
Managers do?
What does it
take to be a
Manager?
[BM2101] PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
1
After the lecture, you should be
able to:
Describe
Describe the four management functions and type of
management activity associated with each
Explain
Explain the difference between efficiency and effectiveness
and their importance for organisational performance
Define
Define ten roles that managers perform in organisations
Describe
2
Describe essential skills for managers
What is Management?
- Definition & Purpose
What is an Organisation?
An Organisation is a collection of people working
together to achieve a common purpose.
PURPOSE: to provide goods or services of value to customers and
clients
The Definition of Management
• The attainment of organisatonal goals in an
effective and efficient manner through the four
management functions of resources
• Getting work done through others
Definition of Management
EFFICENTLY
Using resources wisely and in a cost-effective way
[minimum effort, expense or waste of resources]
AND
EFFECTIVELY
Making the right decisions and successfully implementing them.
[accomplishing tasks]
Planning
Organising
Leading (Directing)
Controlling
Planning
Determining organizational goals
and means for achieving them
Organizing
• Deciding where decisions
will be made
• Who will do what jobs
and tasks
• Who will work for whom
Leading
Inspiring
Motivating
The process of arousing enthusiasm and inspiring efforts
to achieve goals
© 2013 Cengage Learning
Controlling
Monitoring progress toward goal
achievement and taking corrective
action when needed
What do Managers do?
- Describe different types of managers
- Explain the major roles and sub roles
that managers perform in their jobs
The Types of Managers
Top Managers
Middle Managers
First-line Managers
Top
Managers
Chief Executive
Officer (CEO)
Chief Operating
Officer (COO)
Chief Financial
Officer (CFO)
Chief Information
Officer (CIO)
© 2013 Cengage Learning
Responsibilities of Top Managers
Creating a context
for change
Developing
commitment and
ownership in
employee
Creating a positive
organizational
culture through
language and action
Monitoring their
business
environments
Responsibilities:
Middle
Managers
Plan and allocate resources to meet
objectives
Coordinate and link groups,
 Plant Manager
departments and divisions
Monitor and manage the performance
 Regional Manager
 Divisional Manager
of subunits and managers who report
to them
Implement changes or strategies
generated by top managers
© 2013 Cengage Learning
Responsibilities:
First-Line
Managers
 Office Manager
 Shift Supervisor
 Department Manager
Manage the performance of
entry-level employees
Encourage, monitor, and
reward the performance of
workers
Teach entry-level employees
how to do their jobs
Make detailed schedules and
operating plans
Team Leaders
A team leader is a person who provides
guidance, instruction, direction and leadership
to a group of individuals (the team) for the
purpose of achieving a key result or group of
aligned results.
Responsibilities of Team Leaders
Facilitate team
performance
Manage
external
relations
Facilitate
internal team
relationships
Mintzberg’s
Managerial Roles
and Subroles
Interpersonal Roles
Figurehead
Managers perform ceremonial duties
Leader
Managers motivate and encourage
workers to accomplish objectives
Liaison
Managers deal with people outside
their units
Informational Roles
Monitor
Managers scan their environment
for information
Disseminator
Managers share information
with others in their company
Spokesperson
Managers share information
with others outside their
departments or companies
Decisional Roles
Entrepreneur
Disturbance
Handler
Resource
Allocator
Negotiator
Managers adapt to incremental change
Managers respond to problems that
demand immediate action
Managers decide who gets
what resources
Managers negotiate schedules,
projects, goals, outcomes, resources,
and raises
3
What does it take to be a
Managers ?
- Explain what companies look for in managers
- Discuss the top mistakes that managers make
in their jobs
- Describe the transition that employees go
through when they are promoted to management
What Companies
Look for in Managers
Technical Skills
• Ability to use expertise to perform a task
Conceptual Skills
• Ability to think analytically to diagnose and solve complex
problems
Human and Interpersonal Skills
• Ability to work well in cooperation with other people
Motivation to Manage
Mistakes
Managers Make
Insensitive to others
Cold, aloof, arrogant
Betrayal of trust
Overly ambitious
Specific performance problems with the
business
Over managing
Unable to staff effectively
Unable to think Strategically
Unable to adapt to boss with different style
Over dependent on mentor
Thank you