Information Technology
in Business/ IT Skills
Instructor : Komal Kenza
Grading Policy
Assessment
Instruments
Percentage
Quizzes
15%
Assignments + Project +
Presentation
20%
Mid Term Exam
25%
Final Exam (Practical)
40%
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Quiz /Assignment Policy
Most of the Quizzes will be announced.
 Being absent means zero in the quiz with
no option of retaking.
 Five quizzes will be taken and best four
will be added in the total.
 Late submission of assignments will either
not be entertained or will result in the
deduction of marks.

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Plagiarism/Cheating Policy
Copying and Pasting from the internet
without citing source is not allowed.
 Copying assignment of anyone and
turning it in as yours own not allowed.

Zero Tolerance
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Text Book(s):
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O’Brien, J.A., Marakas, G.M., 2010. Introduction to
Information Systems. McGraw-Hill Irwin.Gookin, D.,
2011.
Analysis and design of information system by James A
Senn
Information to Information Technology by Turban
Rainer Potter,
Using Information Technology: A practical introduction
to computers & communications, by Williams Sawyer
Hutchinson
Introduction to Computer Information System for
Business by Mark G. Sinkin.
Information Technology for Business Executives by
Dr. Amjad Saeed.
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About the course

Course overview
 This
is introductory course on Information
Technology in Business.
 Course
outline includes IT terminologies,
hardware, software components, internet and all
IT based applications.
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Information Technology

Two Key Terms
?
 INFORMATION
 TECHNOLOGY
?
The use of Tools/
Machines/
techniques to
transform data
into information is
called IT
“It is processed form
of data which is
meaningful to the
“RECEIPIENT” for the
current and
progressive decision
making”
“The use of Tools/
Machines/ techniques
to perform jobs with
more ease
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Technology As A Business Necessity

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The role of technology in business caused a
tremendous growth in trade and commerce.
Business
concepts
and
models
were
revolutionized as a result of the introduction of
technology.
This is because technology gave a new and
better approach on how to go about with
business.
It provided a faster, more convenient, and more
efficient way of performing business
transactions.
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Role of IT in Business
Communication
 Inventory Management.
 Data Management
 Management Information Systems
 Customer Relationship Management

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What is a System?


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A set of interrelated components
With a clearly defined boundary
Working together
To achieve a common set of objectives
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What Is A System?
Systems have three basic functions:
1. Input:
Involves capturing and assembling
elements that enter the system to be
processed.
Example: - raw materials,
- energy,
- data.
What Is A System? (continued)
Systems have three basic functions (continued):
2. Processing:
involves transformation processes that convert input
into output.
Example: - manufacturing process,
3. Output:
involves transferring elements that have been
produced by a transformation process to their
ultimate destination.
Example: - finished products,
- human services
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What is an Information System?


An organized combination of…
 People
 Hardware and software
 Communication networks
 Data resources
 Policies and procedures
This system…
 Stores, retrieves, transforms, and
disseminates information in an organization
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General Information Systems Diagram
Management
Decisions
Data
Input
Process
Control
Feedback
Output
Information
Components of Computer based
information system(CBIS (IT)
Components of CBIS (IT)
specialist (system analysts,
software
developers, system operators).
end users (anyone else who
uses
Components of CBIS (IT)
Electronic transmission of
signals for communication
Networks:
Internet:
Intranet:
Extranet:
Components of CBIS (IT)
programs (operating system program,
spreadsheet programs, word processing
programs)
Components of CBIS (IT)
machines (computers, video monitor,
magnetic disk drives, printers, optical
scanners).
media (floppy disks, magnetic tape,
optical disks, plastic cards, paper
forms).
Components of CBIS (IT)
- product description,
customer records, employee
files, inventory databases
Components of CBIS (IT)
Set of rules or instructions about
how to combine information
system components in order to
process information and generate
desired output.
Fundamental Roles of IS in
Business
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The Fundamental Roles Of
Information System In Business
There are three fundamental reasons:
1. Support of its business processes and
operations.
2. Support of decision making by its
employees and managers.
3. Support of its strategies for competitive
advantage.
Types of Business information
system
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Types of Business Information
Systems
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Types Of Business Information
Systems
Information Systems
Operations
Support Systems
Management
Support Systems
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Types Of Business Information
Systems
Operations
Support
Systems
Specialized
Processing
Systems
Transaction
Processing
Systems
Process
Control
Systems
Enterprise
Collaboration
Systems
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Types Of Business Information
Systems
Management
Support
Systems
Management
Information
Systems
Decision
Support
Systems
Executive
Information
Systems
Specialized
Processing
Systems
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Types Of Information Systems
(continued)
Operations support systems:
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Types Of Business Information
Systems

Operations support systems (continued):
- Process control systems.
-- monitor and control industrial process.
Examples: Petroleum refining, power
generation,steel producing
systems, using sensors to
monitor chemical
processes in a petroleum
refinery
Types Of Business Information
Systems

Operations support systems (continued):
- Enterprise collaboration systems.
-- support team, workgroup, and
enterprise communications and
collaboration.
Examples: email, chat, video
conferencing groupware
systems.
Types Of Business Information
Systems

Management support systems:
- Management information systems
-- provide information in the form of pre
specified reports and displays to support
business decision making.
Examples: Sales analysis,
production performance,
cost trend reporting systems.
Types Of Business Information
Systems

Management support systems (continued):
- Decision support systems
-- provide interactive ad hoc support for the
decision making processes of managers
and other business professionals.
Examples: product pricing,
profitability forecasting,
risk analysis.
Other Business Information
Systems
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Expert Systems - provide expert advice
 Example: credit application advisor
Knowledge Management Systems - support creation,
organization, and distribution of business knowledge
throughout company
 Example: intranet access to best business practices
Strategic Information Systems - help get a strategic
advantage over customer
 Example: shipment tracking, e-commerce Web
systems
Functional Business Systems - focus on operational and
managerial applications of basic business functions
 Example: accounting, finance, or marketing
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Business Examples
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTIVITIES
 Input. (optical scanning of bar coded tags on
merchandise)
 Processing. (calculating employee pay, taxes, and
other payroll deductions)
 Output. (producing reports and displays about sales
performance)
 Storage. (maintaining records on customers,
employees, and products)
 Control. (generating audible signals)
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