UKRAINIAN MEDICAL STOMATOLOGICAL ACADEMY
MEDICAL INFORMATICS
DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC
TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE
Abraham Kinsman Amoakoh
Group 34
OUTLINE
Introduction
 Definitions of terms
 Top 5 new technologies in medicine
 Values of diagnostic and prognostic
technologies in medicine
 Other emerging technologies in
medicine
 References

INTRODUCTION
Diagnostic and prognostic technologies in
medicine needs to be improved constantly
as it will directly influence the life of
people.
This
helps
in
accurate
diagnostics, treating critical illness and
do painless surgeries.
Diagnosis refers to the process whereby a
particular
identified
relevant
diseases
after
or
condition
consideration
parameters,
i.e.
of
is
the
symptoms,
physical manifestations, results of lab
test, etc.
Geddes and Grosset, 2007, Medical Dictionary
Prognosis refers to a forecast of the likely
outcome of
a disease, based on the
patient’s condition and the course of the
disease in other known patients.
Geddes and Grosset, 2007, Medical Dictionary
Diagnostic and Prognostic technologies
in medicine is the use of advanced
technologies in identifying diseases or
conditions as well as forecasting of
likely
outcomes
patients.
in
other
known
SOME OF THE TOP 5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
IN MEDICINE
SOME OF THE TOP 5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
IN MEDICINE
SOME OF THE TOP 5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
IN MEDICINE
SOME OF THE TOP 5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
IN MEDICINE
SOME OF THE TOP 5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
IN MEDICINE
VALUE OF DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC
TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE
5. Reducing
uncertainty
about value
1.
Reducing
drug
adverse
effect
2. Reducing
time delays
in selecting
optimal
treatment
value
4. Enabling
treatment
effective in
a small
fraction to
be made
available
3.
Increasing
adherence
or
willingness
to start
treatment
1. REDUCING OR AVOIDING DRUG
ADVERSE EFFECT
Diagnostic and prognostic technologies in
medicine improves average benefit-risk
ratio, depending on the severity of side
effects,
to
obtain
marketing
authorizations, or use of a licensed and
standardize treatment in clinical practice
2. REDUCING TIME DELAYS IN SELECTING
OPTIMAL TREATMENT
Diagnostic and prognostic technologies in
medicine
helps
in
identifying
non-
responders and switching them to an
alternative treatment regime or care that


improves survival and/or quality of life
Avoid or reduce the cost of treating non-
responders

Avoid or reduce inconvenience to patients
3. INCREASING ADHERENCE OR WILLINGNESS
TO UNDERTAKE TREATMENT OR OTHER
INTERVENTIONS
Diagnostic and prognostic technologies in
medicine
makes
patients
feel
more
motivated if they know the intervention is
likely to work. Issue of non-responders
who might experience disutility can feel
“left behind”
4. ENABLING TREATMENT EFFECTIVE IN A
SMALL FRACTION TO BE MADE AVAILABLE
A
biomaker
characteristic
or
other
allowing
genetic
for
patient
stratification can rescue treatment that
otherwise
may
either
licensed or withdrawn
not
have
been
5. REDUCING UNCERTAINTY ABOUT VALUE
Uncertainty
around
expected
health
effects and costs. It influences the risk of
poor value for money for payers. Value of
information as to patients as to their
medical
condition
effect
reduction in patients’ anxiety
reassurance,
OTHER EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN
MEDICINE

Robotic
surgery;
Cardiology,
Telemedicine
in
Gynecology,
Surgical procedures

use
Urology,
General
ROBOTIC SURGERY – ADVANTAGES

Enhanced the skills of the surgeons

Higher success rates

Shortens recovery time

Minimizes human error

Streamline of surgical procedures
IMPROVING THE MEDICAL INDUSTRY

Full medical staff are required

Eliminate malpractice suites

Fail – safe application
ASSISTING MEDICAL STAFF

Focus on precision

Reduce fatigue of the surgeon

Eliminate hand tremor interference

3D camera gives the surgeon a better
view
of
the
area,
therefore,
decision making techniques
better
ASSISTING PATIENTS

Less invasive surgery

Faster recovery time

Smaller incisions means less blood loss

Less pain

Considerably
surgery
cheaper
than
regular
TELEMEDICINE – ADVANTAGES

Deliver medical services over distance

Telecommunication
is
cheaper
as
medical costs rise

Uses we conferencing

Medical staff can share knowledge

Remote patients get appropriate care

Improves life quality for terminal ill
patients
IMPROVING THE MEDICAL INDUSTRY

Enhance global reach

Consultations with specialists without
being in the same room

Higher diagnostic success rates

People in remote areas are more likely
to use this rather than travelling long
distance
ASSISTING OF MEDICAL STAFF

Centralizes specialists

Support primary care clinicians

Assists in high density of areas of care
where doctors are in shortage

Knowledge readily available

Medical staff are able to reach out to
more patients
ASSISTING OF PATIENTS

Eliminate unnecessary travel

Specialist
advice
readily
available
allowing for more appropriate diagnosis

Less costly

Less invasive

Increases quality of life for terminally
ill patients
REFERENCES

Garau M., Towse A., 2012, Assessment
of co-dependent technologies

Geddes
and
Glosset,2007,
Medical
Dictionary

Leicester
P,
etal,
2017,
Emerging
technologies in Medicine

NanoDay.com, Top 5 Technologies in
Medicine