Strategic Management: An overview
Mohamad Yusak Anshori
Drs (UGM), MM (Unair), Dr (Unair)
Terms in Strategic Management
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Michael Porter
SWOT Analysis
Sustainable competitive advantage
Porter’s Five Forces
Vision & Mission
Competitors
Differentiation
Cost Leadership
Setting goal
Terms in Magister Management
Philip Kotler → Marketing
Michael Porter → Strategic Management
Gary Dessler → Human Resources Management
Peter Drucker →Management
Three Important Things
Competitors
Business
Industry
Coba Perhatikan!
Tarjo
: Tolong tunjukkan jalan yang harus saya lalui dari sini..!
Sidin
: Itu tergantung sampeyan ingin kemana?
Tarjo
: (Terserah) Saya tidak perduli, kemana ajalah……….
Sidin
:Kalau begitu ya nggak masalah, terserah sampeyan mau lewat mana.
Point dari percakapan:
Manajemen perusahaan seringkali tidak mengetahui dengan jelas apa yang mereka
inginkan dan bagaimana mencapainya.
Perusahaan memerlukan perencanaan strategi yang baik agar tidak menjadi korban
persaingan di pasar.
Pemikiran strategis melibatkan analisa yang komprehensif atas suatu bisnis yang
berhubungan dengan industrinya, kompetitornya, dan lingkungan bisnisnya baik jangka
pendek maupun jangka panjang.
What is your Vision of Life?
WA ke 0811337799
What is Strategy?
Strategy is the plan of action that prescribes
resource allocation and other activities for dealing
with the environment, achieving a competitive
advantage, and attaining organizational goals.
What is Strategy?
Strategy : a plan, method, or series of maneuvers
for obtaining a specific goal or result.
What is Strategy?
Strategy is Synchronizing goals and resources
(Yusak Anshori)
Strategy Vs Tactics
Strategy
Tactics
Planning
Doing
Large Scale
Smaller Scale
Why
How
Difficult to Copy
Easy to Copy
Long Time Frame
Short Time Frame
Strategic Management
Process of formulating, implementing, and
evaluating, strategies to accomplish long term
goals and sustain competitive advantage.
Basic Model of Strategic Management
Environmental
Scanning
Strategy
Formulation
Strategy
Implementation
Evaluation and
Control
The Strategic Management Process
Environmental Scanning
Opportunities & Threats (External)
Analysis of Trends:
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Economic
Social
Culture
Demographic/Environmental
Political, Legal, Governmental
Technological
Competitors
Environmental Scanning
Strengths & Weaknesses (Internal)
Analysis of Trends:
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Management
Marketing
Finance/Accounting
Production/Operations
Research & Development
Information Systems
Strategy Formulation
Vision & Mission
Objectives
Strategies
Policies
Strategy Formulation
Key Strategic Questions
By Peter Drucker
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What is our business mission?
Who are our customers?
What do our customer consider value?
What have been our results?
What is our plan?
Strategy Formulation
Vision
Mission
Strategic Plan
Tactical Plan
Action Plan
Vision Example
• To be the happiest place on earth
• To be the world’s best quick service restaurant
Vision & Mission
Mission Elements
Customers
Employees
Products/Services
Public Image
Markets
Mission
Elements
Self-Concept
Technology
Philosophy
Survival Growth
Profit
Strategic Plan
Tactical Plan
Action Plan
Date
To do
Due Date
PIC
Remark
Strategy Formulation
Type of Strategies
Corporate
Level
Division
Level
Functional Level
Operation Level
Strategy Formulation
Strategies
• Corporate strategy directs the organization as a whole
toward sustainable competitive advantage.
• Business strategy sets the strategic direction for a single
business unit or product line.
• Functional strategy guides the use of resources to
implement business strategy.
Being Better vs Being Different
Playing the Game Better
Playing the Game Differently
Focus on your existing strategic position
and try to improve it and make it better.
Practices such as restructuring, refocusing,
process engineering, quality programs,
empowering employees.
Try to identify:
• New or unexploited customer segments
to focus on ( a new “WHO”)
• New customer needs that no competitor
is currently satisfying (a new “WHAT”).
• New ways of producing, delivering,
selling or distributing your products or
services ( a new “HOW”).
….to be successful, a company must able to do BOTH.
--Constantinos Markides--
Strategy Implementation
Programs
A program is a statement of the
activities or steps need to accomplish
a single-use plan.
Budgets
A budget is a statement of a
corporation’s program in term of
Rupiah.
Procedures
Procedures are a system of steps or
techniques that describe in detail
how a particular task or job is to be
done.
Strategy Evaluation &
Control
Internal Review
External Review
Measuring Performance
Strategic Audit
Feedback/Learning Process
Internal/External Review
Revision of Decisions
Corrective Actions
Porter’s Five Forces Affecting Industry Competition
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Internet reduces barriers to entry
Potential New Entrants
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Threat of Substitute Products
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Internet blurs differences among competitors
Rivalry
Among
Competitors
Bargaining Power of Buyers
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Internet creates new
substitution threats
Internet shifts greater power
to end consumers
Bargaining Power of Supplies
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Internet trends to increase bargaining
power of suppliers
Where Are We Now?
"Situation Analysis"
Company
Summary
Strengths &
Weaknesses
Opportunities &
Threats
Competitive
Environment
My Competitive
Advantages
Where Are We Going?
"Mission, Vision, Goals & Objectives"
Mission & Vision
Goals & Objectives
How Are We Going To Get There?
"Strategies & Action Plans"
Creative
Direction
Marketing &
Sales
Finance &
Accounting
Production &
Operations
Facilities &
Studio
Management
& Organization
How Will We Know We have Arrived?
Track Progress
Measure Programs & Initiatives
Monitor Financial Results
How good a strategy is created,
its portion is only ONE percent.
The rest 99 percent is Execution.
Thank You