The Lincoln Electric
Company
2004
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
Customer Assistance Policy
The business of The Lincoln Electric Company is manufacturing and selling high quality welding
equipment, consumables, and cutting equipment. Our challenge is to meet the needs of our
customers and to exceed their expectations. On occasion, purchasers may ask Lincoln Electric for
advice or information about their use of our products. We respond to our customers based on
the best information in our possession at that time. Lincoln Electric is not in a position to warrant
or guarantee such advice, and assumes no liability, with respect to such information or advice.
We expressly disclaim any warranty of any kind, including any warranty of fitness for any
customer’s particular purpose, with respect to such information or advice. As a matter of practical
consideration, we also cannot assume any responsibility for updating or correcting any such
information or advice once it has been given, nor does the provision of information or advice
create, expand or alter any warranty with respect to the sale of our products.
Lincoln Electric is a responsive manufacturer, but the selection and use of specific products sold
by Lincoln Electric is solely within the control of, and remains the sole responsibility of the
customer. Many variables beyond the control of Lincoln Electric affect the results obtained in
applying these types of fabrication methods and service requirements.
Document Updates
The information contained in this document is believed to be accurate at the time of printing and
is subject to change as additional information and data become available. Examples of such
modifications include, but are not limited to, the incorporation of additional product data. The
reader is encouraged to check the Lincoln Electric website for updates.
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
Background
In September 1995 the SAC Joint Venture received funding through the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) to address both immediate and long-term needs related to solving
performance problems with welded, steel moment-frame connections discovered following the
1994 Northridge, California earthquake. The Recommended Specifications and Quality Assurance
Guidelines for Steel Moment-Frame Construction for Seismic Applications (FEMA 353) 1 was one of
the final products of the SAC project. For the remainder of this document it will be referred to
simply as FEMA 353.
FEMA 353 contains recommended specifications and quality assurance guidelines, incorporating
the knowledge gained from the now-completed SAC project, that are deemed necessary to
achieve the design objectives for steel moment-frame buildings subject to seismic loading. The
document was prepared in two parts. Part I, Recommended Specifications, provides recommended supplemental recommendations for typical steel projects subject to seismic loading, which
are intended to be included in the job specifications. Despite the fact that FEMA 353 has not
been subjected to a formal consensus adoption process, these recommendations have received
extensive review by practicing engineers, researchers, fabricators and erectors.
The American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) and the American Welding Society (AWS) are
currently in the process of considering incorporating various portions of FEMA 353 into the AISC
Seismic Provisions and the AWS Structural Welding Code. It is anticipated that many of these
recommendations will be included in AISC and AWS documents over the next couple of years.
Part II, Recommended Quality Assurance Guidelines, was prepared to provide design professionals, building officials, and contractors with recommended procedures for performing quality
control and quality assurance functions. As with Part I, these recommendations are not mandatory
but are deemed appropriate to achieving the construction standards.
Available at no charge in the United States from FEMA, (800) 480-2520.
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
FEMA 353 is not intended to be a stand-alone specification. Rather, it is meant to be used as a
supplement to, and in coordination with, a complete specification for steel construction. For
example, when included in contract documents, FEMA 353 may augment the AWS Structural
Welding Code for Steel (AWS D1.1). The requirements of AWS D1.1 would govern in addition to
the recommendations in FEMA 353. Although FEMA 353 is a recommendation as written, its
standards can become requirements if they are incorporated into a contract. Therefore, for FEMA
353 to be required, the Engineer must specify it in the contract documents.
Much of the technical background for the FEMA 353 is contained in FEMA 355B, State of the Art
Report on Joining and Inspection.2 In addition, the Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to Welded
Steel Construction, published by the James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, contains information on seismic and other structural welding issues.3
What’s New?
The following is a summary of FEMA 353 recommendations related to procurement of arc welding
consumables. This does not, however, include the topics of design, quality control, quality
assurance, joint details, or other fabrication/erection issues. As a cross-reference, FEMA 353 page
numbers are listed in parentheses.
1. Weld Categories
The Engineer must specify the “Seismic Weld Demand Category” and the “Seismic Weld
Consequence Category” of certain welded joints. Once specified, these classifications must be
included on the shop and erection drawings (Part I: p.1-7). “A” and “B” Weld Demand Categories
are intended for connections that are expected to experience service stresses equal to or beyond
the yield level. For example, beam-to-column complete joint penetration (CJP) groove welds are
generally considered to be in either “A” or “B” category (Part II: p.5-10).
State of the Art Report on Joining and Inspection (FEMA 355B). Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to Welded Steel Construction. The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, 1999.
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2. The Filler Metal Trade Name is an Essential Variable
It is recommended that the Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) include the welding electrode
and/or flux manufacturer’s name and the product trade name (Part I: p.1-11).
3. Electrode Diameter is an Essential Variable
It is recommended that the WPS list the electrode diameter to be used, which is considered an
essential variable (Part I: p.1-11).
4. Weld Strength
It is recommended that all welds be made with E70 type filler metals (nominal 70 ksi tensile
strength). However, if A913 Grade 65 is used, an E80 type filler metal shall be used for matching
strength (Part I: p.2-3).
5. Charpy V-Notch Toughness
FEMA 353 recommends that all filler metals in the Seismic-Force-Resisting System meet the
following CVN levels (Part I: p.2-3):
a. 20 ft-lb at 0˚F (in accordance with the appropriate AWS filler metal specification)
b. 40 ft-lb at 70˚F (using the test method prescribed in Appendix A of FEMA 353)
6. Appendix A Test Method (CVN Toughness)
FEMA 353 has two options for certifying that the product meets the 70˚F CVN recommendations.
One option calls for testing to be conducted for each production lot. Two test plates are to be
welded for each electrode diameter used, one at a low heat input and one at a high heat input.4
In addition to the heat input, the preheat and interpass temperatures are prescribed to obtain
relatively fast and slow cooling rates. FEMA 353 recommends that 30 kJ/in (70˚F preheat and
200˚F interpass temperature) and 80 kJ/in (300˚F preheat and 500˚F interpass temperature) heat
inputs be used. However, a wider or narrower range of heat inputs can be tested, which may be
a function of the operating characteristics of the electrode. The WPS used must fall
within the range of heat inputs and interpass temperatures tested.
The Errata to FEMA 353 dated March 16, 2001, states that “two test plates, one for each heat input level, shall be used and 5 CVN test
specimens shall be made per plate.”
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Alternatively, the testing per each lot may be waived if that manufacturer produces products that
meet the AWS Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines (AWS A5.01) and if the manufacturer’s quality
assurance program is approved by the Engineer. An example of a quality assurance program can
be found in the AWS Bridge Welding Code (AWS D1.5) Fracture Control Plan, where lot testing
requirements can be waived for fracture critical members.
The Bridge Welding Code states that “welding consumables produced under continuing quality
assurance programs audited and approved by one or more of the following agencies shall be
exempt from heat and lot testing…(1) American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), (2) Lloyd’s Register
of Shipping, or (3) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)” (Section 12.6.1.1, AWS
D1.5-95). The Lincoln Electric Company is audited and certified by ABS and ASME, as well as
to ISO 9001 (see Appendix A for examples of these quality certificates). With the Engineer’s
approval, the typical certificates of conformance (see Appendix B for an example) along with the
Toughness Verification Test Results (see Appendix C) should suffice as verification that the product meets the recommendations (Part I: p.A-1).
7. Hydrogen Level
It is recommended that filler metal for use on Seismic Weld Demand Category A or B welds meet
the requirements for H16 (maximum 16 ml diffusible hydrogen per 100 grams deposited weld
metal), as defined by AWS A4.3. The typical certificate of conformance showing diffusible
hydrogen test results shall be adequate proof that the electrodes meet this recommendation
(Part I: p.2-4).
8. Packaging
It is recommended that FCAW electrodes be received in moisture-resistant packages that are
undamaged (Part I: p.2-4).
9. Intermixing FCAW
When self-shielded FCAW electrodes are to be used in Seismic Weld Demand Category A or B
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welds in combination with other processes (including gas-shielded FCAW), Appendix C testing is
recommended (Part I: p.3-6).
10. Intermixing FCAW Tests (Appendix C)
Appendix C recommends a supplemental filler metal test when self-shielded FCAW is to be mixed
in the same joint with other welding processes. In the test, the first (or root) filler metal is used
to fill one-third of the joint and then the second one is used to complete the joint. Five CVN
specimens are taken from the mid-thickness location in order to ensure maximum mixing of the
two filler metals. The average CVN toughness of the specimens shall equal or exceed 40 ft-lb at 70˚F
(Part I: p. C-1).
11. FCAW Ambient Air Exposure Limits
a. It is recommended that the exposure time for FCAW electrodes be based on Appendix D tests
(Part I: p.3-6).
b. In lieu of testing…
- If welding ceases for more than 8 hours, the coil shall be removed from the machine and
stored in an oven at 250 to 550˚F, or as recommended by the manufacturer.
- If the electrode sees more than 24 hours of total exposure (outside of closed or heated
storage), then the coil cannot be used for Category A or B welds. However, if testing
shows that drying is effective at removing moisture and restoring the electrodes to less
than 16 ml of diffusible hydrogen, then the electrode can be heated as described above
(Part I: p.3-6).
12. FCAW Exposure Testing (Appendix D)
To qualify for an extended exposure time limit for FCAW, it is recommended that the electrode
be exposed to an environment of 80˚F and 80% relative humidity for the exposure limit desired.
After the exposure time, diffusible hydrogen tests shall be performed for each diameter for which
qualification is sought. Based on the test results, it is recommended that the manufacturer provide
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recommendations for storage and atmospheric exposure to ensure that the diffusible hydrogen
level will not exceed an H16 classification (Part I: p. D-1).
13. Contractor’s Responsibility
- Contractor’s Responsibility: Should supplemental certifications for the welding material
not be available from the manufacturer, it is recommended that the Contractor have the necessary
testing performed and provide the applicable test reports (Part I: p.1-10).
- Contractor Submittals: It is recommended that the submitted shop and erection drawings
contain the weld demand and consequence categories, as well as identification of the applicable
WPS for each weld. For other non-welding issues see FEMA 353, Part I: p.1-6 and 1-7.
- Certificates of Compliance: It is recommended that the Contractor submit a letter stating
that the manufacturer’s certifications and test reports have been reviewed, and that the materials
being furnished for the project are in conformance with the applicable standards, specifications
and project documents (Part I: p.1-8).
- Manufacturer’s Test Reports: It is recommended that the Contractor submit copies of the
manufacturer’s certificates of conformance to the Engineer (Part I: p.1-10).
- Welding Procedure Specifications (WPSs): It is recommended that the Contractor submit
all WPSs to be used by the Contractor on the project to the Engineer. For WPSs that are not
prequalified, the supporting Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) should be submitted with the
WPS. In addition, all the product data sheets for the welding consumables to be used on the
project should be submitted (Part I: p.1-11).
- Welding Performance Qualification Records (WPQRs): It is recommended that the
Contractor submit written Welding Performance Qualification Records (WPQRs) for all welding
personnel under the Contractor’s supervision who will be welding on the project (Part I: p. 1-12).
- Supplemental Welding Personnel Testing: It is recommended that the welders and
welding operators performing work on category A or B welds pass a Supplemental Welder
Qualification Test on a special mock-up joint per Appendix B (Part I: p. 3-5).
- Welder Stamps: It is recommended that each welder mark or stamp a unique symbol at
each completed weldment (Part I: p.3-2).
- Ultrasonic Testing Mark: It is recommended that a visible mark “for UT,” be placed on
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the steel approximately four inches away from the weld for all welds that are to be ultrasonic
tested (Part I: p.3-2).
- Wind Velocity Limits: It is recommended that the wind velocity in the immediate vicinity
of the weld not exceed three miles per hour for GMAW, FCAW-G, GTAW and EGW (Part I: p. 3-6).
- Minimum Preheat and Interpass Temperature: It is recommended that the preheat and
interpass temperatures be in the range as tested in accordance with Appendix A for welds in
Seismic Demand Categories A, B, or C. The AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code minimum preheat
temperatures should also be followed (Part I: p. 3-6).
- Maximum Preheat and Interpass Temperature: The maximum preheat and maximum
interpass temperature permitted is 550˚F, measured one inch away from the weld (Part I: p.3-7).
- Ceramic or Copper Backing: It is recommended that the welder pass a qualification test
with the specific type of backing to be used in production. This includes the use of non-fusible
backing materials, including ceramic or copper (Part I: p.3-7).
- Controlled Cooling: Controlled cooling after welding is not required per FEMA 353
(Part I: p. 3-8).
- Post Weld Heat Treatment: PWHT is not required per FEMA 353 (Part I: p. 3-6).
Compliance with FEMA 353
1) Lincoln Electric has created a new line of seismic products that are intended for use in
applications subject to FEMA 353 (See Table 1). Each product and electrode diameter has been
tested and is packaged in accordance with the FEMA 353 recommendations.
a) These products have been tested at the heat input ranges listed (using the test method
prescribed in Appendix A of FEMA 353)5 and meet the recommended CVN levels of
20 ft-lb at 0˚F and 40 ft-lb at 70˚F under the prescribed conditions. Test reports for each
product are located in Appendix B of this document. Lincoln Electric will publish
additional or updated reports as new data become available.
Appendix A of FEMA 353 requires a 3/4 in. test plate with a 1/2 in. root opening and a 45˚ included angle. Most of these tests in
Table 1 were conducted with this geometry; however, for some the root opening and included angle varied due to the operating characteristics of the product. All of the test plates were 3/4 in.
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b) These products are shipped in either hermetically sealed plastic containers or vacuumsealed foil bags that are resistant to damage and moisture, helping to ensure that the
packaging requirements are satisfied. Other ED0 numbers for the same product will not
necessarily have the special packaging. Therefore, these ED0 numbers should be ordered
if the products must comply with the FEMA 353 packaging recommendations. Outershield
XLH70 is shipped in 500 lb. drums. Testing has demonstrated that XLH70 will become
rusty prior to exceeding diffusible hydrogen limits as outlined in FEMA 353. The product
at this point would be very difficult to feed through a conventional welding gun and liner.
c) As with other Lincoln FCAW products, these meet the H16 diffusible hydrogen
requirement.
Additionally, FEMA 353 does not mandate the position in which the test plates are to be welded. The tests were welded in the flat
and vertical up positions.
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CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
Shielding
Gas
-
Diameter
(in.)
0.068
0.068
0.072
0.072
5/64
5/64
3/32
3/32
5/64”
0.045
0.052
1/16
3/32
3/32
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Heat Input
Range (kJ/in.)
26-87
26-87
25-56
25-56
26.1-86
26.1-86
37-84
37-84
28-82
24-62
24-66
27-65
29-86
29-86
Extended
Exposure Time
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
8 Weeks
4 Weeks
8 Weeks
8 Weeks
8 Weeks
8 Weeks
Package
13.5# Coil (54# Herm. Seal Pail)
33# Steel Spool in Foil Bag
13.5# Coil (54# Herm. Seal Pail)
#25 Plastic Spool in Foil Bag
13.5# Coil (54# Herm. Seal Pail)
25# Steel Spool in Foil Bag
25# Plastic Spool in Foil Bag
50# Coil in Foil Bag
25# Plastic Spool in Foil Bag
33# Steel Spool in Foil Bag
33# Steel Spool in Foil Bag
25# Plastic Spool in Foil Bag
50# Coil in Foil Bag
500# Fiber Drum
Sealed Package
Without Lot Control
ED030003
ED030371
ED030232
ED030949
ED030000
ED030541
ED030971
ED030005
ED031178
ED030374
ED030375
ED030953
ED030236
ED030360
(1) Readi-Reel
Sealed Package
With Lot Testing
& Lot Controlled
ED030381
ED030382
ED030383
ED030955
ED030540
ED030542
ED030385 (1)
ED030386
—
ED030387
ED030388
ED030389
ED030390
ED030391
1/16 NR-233
5/64, 3/32, 7/64 NR-311Ni
5/64, 3/32 NR-203 Ni 1%
.045, 1/16 Outershield 81Ni1-H
.045, .052, 1/16 Outershield 71M
.068, 5/64 NR-203MP
•
•
•
•
•
•
may be special ordered through your local Lincoln Electric office for further information.
1 – The following additional products have been tested and meet the FEMA 353 mechanical testing requirements. These products
Footnote:
All product numbers subject to change without notice.
Trade Name
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-232
Innershield NR-305
Innershield NR-305
Innershield NR-550-H
Outershield 71 Elite
Outershield 71 Elite
Outershield 71 Elite
Outershield XLH70
Outershield XLH70
AWS
Classification
E71T-8
E71T-8
E71T-8
E71T-8
E7IT-8
E7IT-8
E70T-6
E70T-6
E81T8-N.21
E71T-1, -9
E71T-1, -9
E71T-1, -9
E70T-1, -9
E70T-1, -9
Table 1. Electrodes Intended for Applicatons Subject to FEMA 353.
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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2) The Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to Welded Steel Construction 6 contains data and a technical
discussion regarding intermixing of self-shielded FCAW filler metals with other processes. For
specific Lincoln Electric electrode combinations, the reader is advised to review this document.
If data for the combination in question is not available, contact the regional Lincoln Electric sales
office.
3) FEMA 353 has two options regarding FCAW storage and exposure limits. Until further testing is
conducted, it is recommended that the requirements outlined in FEMA 353 be followed (see
FCAW Ambient Air Exposure Limits).
What’s Next?
The FEMA 353 guide is not an ANSI consensus document as is the case with other standards such
as the AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code. Therefore, in the near future it is anticipated that other
organizations (e.g., AWS and AISC) will incorporate appropriate provisions into the codes and
standards under a consensus process.
FEMA 353 is not a living document and will not be updated. The SAC project has finished its
tasks and has been dissolved. As FEMA 353 is being implemented, there will likely be provisions
in the document requiring interpretation and adjustment. It will be the responsibility of the
Engineer and the Contractor to understand the requirements of the particular job and specify the
appropriate material.
For information on welding products suitable for applications subject to FEMA 353, contact the
regional Lincoln Electric sales office in your area. Information is also available online at
http://www.lincolnelectric.com.
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Table 6-1, page 35.
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
References
1. Federal Emergency Management Agency, July 2000, Recommended Specifications and Quality
Assurance Guidelines for Steel Moment-Frame Construction for Seismic Applications (FEMA 353),
FEMA, Washington, D.C.
2. Federal Emergency Management Agency, May 2000, 100% Draft - State of the Art Report on
Joining and Inspection (FEMA 355B), FEMA, Washington, D.C. (final version has not been printed
as of June 2001).
3. The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, August 1999, Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to
Welded Steel Construction, Cleveland, OH.
4. American Welding Society, 2000, Structural Welding Code for Steel (AWS D1.1), Miami, FL.
5. American Welding Society, 1995, Bridge Welding Code (AWS D1.5), Miami, FL.
6. American Welding Society, 1993, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines (A5.01), Miami, FL.
7. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc., April 1997. Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
Buildings, AISC, Chicago, IL.
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
Appendix A: Lincoln Electric Quality Certifications
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
Appendix B: Certificate of Conformance Example
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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FEMA 353 Welding Manual
Appendix C: Test Reports
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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The Lincoln Electric Company
22801 St. Clair Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44117
FEMA 353 Welding Manual
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LINCOLN NORTH AMERICA
DISTRICT SALES OFFICES
U.S.A.
ALABAMA
BIRMINGHAM 35124-1156
(205) 988-8232
MOBILE 36582-5209
(251) 443-6524
ALASKA
Contact VANCOUVER, WA
(360) 693-4712
IDAHO
BOISE 83616-6646
(208) 938-2302
MINNESOTA
MINNEAPOLIS 55447-4743
(763) 551-1990
ILLINOIS
CHICAGO 60527-5629
(630) 920-1500
PEORIA 60527-5629
(630) 920-1500
MISSISSIPPI
JACKSON 39212-9635
(601) 372-7679
INDIANA
EVANSVILLE 47630
(812) 454-3428
FT. WAYNE 46825-5547
(260) 484-4422
SOUTH BEND 46561-9160
(219) 674-5523
INDIANAPOLIS 46250-5536
(317) 845-8445
ARIZONA
PHOENIX 85260-1745
(480) 348-2004
ARKANSAS
LITTLE ROCK 72032-4371
(501) 764-0480
CALIFORNIA
FRESNO 93722-3949
(559) 276-0110
LOS ANGELES 90670-2936
(562) 906-7700
SACRAMENTO 95819-3111
(916) 452-1425
SAN DIEGO 92065-4165
(760) 787-1970
SAN FRANCISCO 94551-4847
(925) 443-9353
IOWA
CEDAR RAPIDS 52402-3160
(319) 362-6804
DAVENPORT 52806-1344
(563) 386-6522
DES MOINES 50265-6218
(515) 963-1778
KANSAS
KANSAS CITY 66214-1625
(913) 894-0888
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(316) 788-7367
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(303) 792-2418
KENTUCKY
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(502) 727-7335
CONNECTICUT
NORTH HAVEN 06238-1090
(860) 742-8887
LOUISIANA
BATON ROUGE 70808-3150
(225) 922-5151
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(337) 886-1090
SHREVEPORT 75692-9313
(318) 518-4099
FLORIDA
JACKSONVILLE 32216-4634
(904) 642-3177
MIAMI 33178-1175
(305) 888-3203
ORLANDO 32714-1974
(407) 788-8557
TAMPA 33594
(813) 477-5817
MARYLAND
BALTIMORE 21050-3067
(443) 831-0416
GEORGIA
ATLANTA
30076-4914
(770) 475-0955
SAVANNAH 31324-5180
(912) 727-4286
MASSACHUSETTS
BOSTON 01701-7726
(508) 788-9353
MICHIGAN
DETROIT 48034-4005
(248) 353-9680
FLUSHING 48433-1855
(810) 487-1310
GRAND RAPIDS 49512-3924
(616) 942-8780
HAWAII
Contact LOS ANGELES, CA
(562) 906-7700
MISSOURI
KANSAS CITY (KS) 66214-1625
(913) 894-0888
ST. LOUIS 63045
(314) 291-5877
SPRINGFIELD 65804
(417) 841-2779
MONTANA
Contact VANCOUVER, WA
(360) 693-4712
NEBRASKA
OMAHA 68046-2826
(402) 339-1809
NEW JERSEY
EDISON 08837-3939
(732) 225-2000
NEW MEXICO
ALBUQUERQUE 87008
(505) 890-6347
NEW YORK
ALBANY 12304-4320
(518) 469-8222
BUFFALO 14075-2520
(716) 646-8414
NEW YORK CITY
(888) 269-6755
SYRACUSE 13057-9313
(315) 432-0281
NORTH CAROLINA
CHARLOTTE 28273-6200
(704) 588-3251
RALEIGH 27604-8456
(919) 303-1972
OHIO
AKRON 44236-4680
(330) 342-8009
CINCINNATI 45242-3706
(513) 554-4440
CLEVELAND 44117-2525
(216) 383-2662
COLUMBUS 43221-4073
(614) 488-7913
DAYTON 45458
(937) 885-6964
TOLEDO 43528-9483
(419) 867-7284
OKLAHOMA
OKLAHOMA CITY 73139-2432
(405) 616-1751
TULSA 74146-1622
(918) 622-9353
WASHINGTON
VANCOUVER 98661-8023
(360) 693-4712
SPOKANE 99005-9637
(509) 468-2770
PENNSYLVANIA
PHILADELPHIA 19008-4310
(610) 543-9462
PITTSBURGH 15001-4800
(724) 857-2750
HARRISBURG
17104-1422
(717) 213-9163
WASHINGTON DC
HERNDON, VA 20170-5227
(703) 904-7735
SOUTH CAROLINA
GREENVILLE 29681-4724
(864) 967-4157
COLUMBIA
29209
(803) 783-2851
SOUTH DAKOTA
SIOUX FALLS 57108-2609
(605) 339-6522
TENNESSEE
KNOXVILLE 37922-1736
(865) 966-9648
MEMPHIS 38115-5946
(901) 363-1075
NASHVILLE 37027
(615) 236-1144
TRI-CITIES 37659-5693
(423) 753-8098
TEXAS
DALLAS 76051-7602
(817) 329-9353
HOUSTON 77060-3143
(281) 847-9444
SAN ANTONIO 78133-3502
(830) 964-2421
UTAH
MIDVALE 84047-3759
(801) 233-9353
VIRGINIA
HERNDON 20170-5227
Washington, D.C.
(703) 904-7735
DANVILLE
(434) 489-3222
HAMPTON ROADS 23693-4171
(757) 870-5508
WEST VIRGINIA
CHARLESTON 25526-8864
(304) 757-9862
WISCONSIN
GREEN BAY 54302-1829
(920) 435-1012
MILWAUKEE 53186-0403
(262) 650-9364
CANADA
ALBERTA
CALGARY
(403) 253-9600/(877) 600-WELD
EDMONTON
(780) 436-7385
WINNIPEG
(204) 488-6398
BRITISH COLUMBIA
VANCOUVER
(604) 945-7524
MARITIMES
NEW BRUNSWICK
(506) 849-4474
MANITOBA
WINNIPEG
(204) 488-6398
ONTARIO
MISSISSAUGA
(905) 565-5600
TORONTO
(416) 421-2600/(800) 268-0812
QUEBEC
MONTREAL
(450) 654-3121
LINCOLN INTERNATIONAL HEADQUARTERS
LATIN AMERICA
Miami, Florida U.S.A.
Phone: (305) 888-3203
EUROPE
Barcelona, Spain
Phone: 34 91 816 4266
RUSSIA, AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST
Cleveland, Ohio U.S.A.
Phone: (216) 481-8100
HARRIS CALORIFIC DIVISION
2345 Murphy Blvd., Gainesville, Georgia 30504 U.S.A.
Phone: 1-800-241-0804 • Fax: (770) 535-0544 • Web Site: www.harriscal.com
THE WELDING EXPERTS
THE LINCOLN ELECTRIC COMPANY
22801 St. Clair Ave.
Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199
TEL: 216.481.8100 • FAX: 216.486.1751
www.lincolnelectric.com
Consumables
C1.60 8/04
ASIA PACIFIC
Singapore
Phone: 65 6773 6689
Australia
Phone: 61 2 9772 7222