Global Designing Cities Initiative, NACTO Designing Cities Conference, Austin, October 2015 Global Street Design Guide // Preview Skye Duncan skye@nacto.org @GlobalStreets September 2014 announced: 2015-­‐2019 $125 Million to Global Road Safety 1.25 million traffic fatalities annually Global Leading Causes of Death Today Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Disease/Injury Heart Disease Stroke Respiratory InfecIon Pulmonary Disease Diarrhoeal Disease HIV/AIDS Throat/Lung Cancer Diabetes Traffic Injuries Hypertension 2030 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Disease/Injury Heart Disease Stroke Pulmonary Disease Respiratory InfecIon Diabetes Throat/Lung Cancer Traffic Injuries HIV/AIDS Diarrhoeal Disease Hypertension Source: WHO Global Road Safety Report Auckland, New Zealand Prague, Czech Republic Sydney, Australia Amsterdam, Netherlands London, United Kingdom Buenos Aires, ArgenIna Mexico City, Mexico Glasgow, Scotland Barcelona, Spain Prishtina, Kosovo Urban Bikeway Design Guide National Association of City Transportation Officials Second Edition Transport for London Improving walkability Good practice guidance on improving pedestrian conditions as part of development opportunities September 2005 Global Expert Network 70 ciIes from 40 counIes What Is Possible A New Approach to Street UsersDesign access. Instead, it ch based on local context, users, and larger social, nmental goals. lustrate three different ze, function, and context. and conditions common Identify people who use a street today and quantify when and how they use it. Determine the desired breakdown of users for future street conditions and ensure that a design meets the needs of everyone. Users Context Examine how the context of a street defines the physical scale and character of the space. Look at how the surrounding land uses, densities, and larger network influence mobility patterns and how the street is used. Context Street Design Desired Outcomes Desired • Health Outcome and Safety Urban streets should serve the demands of more than they doand today. They must be designed • people Livability Quality of Life to support the myriad challenges cities will face Multi-modal Access and • should achieve desired outcomes in the following areas. • Environmental Sustainability Public and Safety Benefits • Health Economic Mobility and Access for All • Equity Livability and Quality of Life Environmental Sustainability USERS Streets Users NEW IMAGE Streets Users -­‐ Pedestrians NEW IMAGE Streets Users -­‐ Cyclists NEW IMAGE Streets Users – CollecIve Transport NEW IMAGE Streets Users – Personal Motor Vehicles NEW IMAGE Streets Users – Moving Goods & City Services NEW IMAGE Streets Users -­‐ Business NEW IMAGE Streets Users – User Comparison Relative Scale Average Distances / 10 mins 2.4 km and should be considered with regard to transit access, 0.8 km 3.3 km 4.2 km Streets Users – User Comparison Space to move 50 people Streets Users – User Comparison How many people can fit in the same area? Pedestrians Speed, Variations and Dimensions Pedestrians Key Network Considerations • • • • • • • • • • ConnecIvity Safety Permeability Choice Human Scale and Complexity Key DesInaIons Variety of Users Volume of Users Green Corridors Character and IdenIty Pedestrians Geometry Residential Sidewalk Residential Ribbon Sidewalks Residential Sidewalk with Trees Neighborhood Main Street 1 Neighborhood Main Street 2 Medium Commercial Sidewalks Large Commercial Sidewalks Pedestrians Elements Sidewalks* Pedestrian Crossings* Accessibility Ramps Vision-Impaired Guidance Lighting Seating Curbs Waste Receptacles Pedestrian Refuge Islands* Curb Extensions* Signage and Wayfinding Pedestrian Countdown Signals + Clocks Water Fountains Weather Protection Active Building Edges Trees and Landscaping Pedestrians Elements: Sidewalks Frontage Zone Clear Path Street Furniture/Curb Zone Enhancement/ Buffer Zone Pedestrians Elements: Pedestrian Crossings Pedestrians Elements: Raised Crossings Pedestrians Further Guidance Designing with Existing Utilities Designing with Existing Trees Cyclists Speed, Variations and Dimensions Cycles Tricycles, Cycle-Rickshaw, & Pedicabs. Cargo-bikes & Cycle Trucks Cyclists Key Network Considerations • • • • • • • • Safe Connected and ConInuous Comprehensive Coverage Direct Key DesInaIons Sight lines Comfort and Quality Signage and CommunicaIon Cyclists Geometry Conventional Cycle Lane Buffered Cycle Lane Curbside Buffered Cycle Lane Parking Protected Cycle Track Raised Cycle Track Cycle Street Greenway Cyclists Elements Elements Cycle Racks Cycle Parking Corral Planted Buffer Concrete Buffer Cycle Parking Structures Traffic Diverters At-grade marked Buffers Advanced Stop Boxes Two-stage Turn Queue Box Corner Refuge Islands Wayfinding Cycle Signals Cycle Share Stations Cycle Bridges & Underpasses Cyclists Further Guidance Cycles at Transit Stops Protected Cycle Intersections Cyclists Cycle Share Station Coverage and Size Station Location CONTEXT Local Culture & Character Street AcIvity Building Edges Street Scale & Width Block Size DesInaIons Mix of Uses Density Network & Hierarchy Natural Environment Mode Share STREETS Streets Pedestrian Shared Shared S treets Priority Streets Streets Neighborhood Large Special CondiIons Streets Streets 8. Special CondiIons Streets in Context Neighborhood Main Street Neighborhood Main Street ResidenIal Streets ResidenIal Streets Grand Streets Grand Streets Shared Streets in Commercial Areas Shared Streets in Commercial Areas Shared Streets in ResidenIal Areas Shared Streets in ResidenIal Areas Streets with Elevated Structures Streets with Elevated Structures Context 1: Neighborhood Main Street NEW IMAGE Context 2: Central Two-­‐way Street Context 3: Transit Mall Global Case Studies Global Case Studies Grand Streets: Avenida 9 de Julio, Buenos Aires, Argentina NEW IMAGE Credit: City of Buenos Aires Global Case Studies Grand Streets: Avenida 9 de Julio, Buenos Aires, Argentina Global Case Studies Grand Streets: Avenida 9 de Julio, Buenos Aires, Argentina Credit: City of Buenos Aires Global Case Studies Neighborhood Main Streets: St. Mark’s Road, Bangalore, India Credit: Jana Urban Space Global Case Studies Neighborhood Main Streets: St. Mark’s Road, Bangalore, India Global Case Studies Neighborhood Main Streets: St. Mark’s Road, Bangalore, India Credit: Jana Urban Space Global Case Studies Share Streets: Fort Street, Auckland, New Zealand Credit: Auckland City Council Global Case Studies Share Streets: Fort Street, Auckland, New Zealand Global Case Studies Share Streets: Fort Street, Auckland, New Zealand Credit: Auckland City Council Melbourne, Australia Swanston St Richard Smithers Stockholm, Sweden Gotgatan Daniel Firth METRICS Before & AMer Project Site CondiIons Pedestrian Priority • Context Streets • • • • • • • • • Scale & size FaciliIes by user Signals & Signs Surface Quality Landscape Artwork Noise Air Quality …….etc Use & AcIvity Outcomes • Counts by user • Variety of acIviIes • Use at different Imes of the day & night • Travel & wait Imes • Commercial acIvity • …..etc • Road Safety • MulI-­‐modal Mobility & access • Speed • User saIsfacIon • Air Quality • Urban Heat Island Effect • Storm water treated • ….etc HOW DO WE MEASURE SUCCESS? Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety Mobility-­‐Automobile Safety THEN HOW DO WE MEASURE SUCCESS? Access/Mobility (MulI-­‐modal) Environmental Quality Public Health + Safety Livability/ Quality of Life NOW Economy Equity APPLYING THE TOOLS ACCRA, GHANA Existing Street Existing Street Remove Cars, Allow Limited Loading Temporary Surface Treatment Temporary Street Closure Remove Cars. Allow Limited Loading Temporary Surface Treatment Temporary Street Closure Temporary Street Closure Trees to add Shade Loading at Limited Hours New Paving Permanent Street Closure Trees to add Shade Loading at Limited Hours New Paving Permanent Street Closure BANDUNG, INDONESIA Remove Pedestrian Bridge Remove Pedestrian Bridge Add At-grade pedestrian crossing Add At-grade pedestrian crossing Widen Sidewalks Widen Sidewalks Exchange space for private vehicles for cycles and public transport Exchange space for private vehicles for cycles and public transport Transportation made todaydecisions will impact the today will impact the Transportation made growingCities quickly, their quickly, streets and their areand growing streets decisions development of cities,development the health and safety the of their of cities, health and safety of their ng. Around the world,Around local the world, local are changing. people, their social equity andtheir stability, air and people, socialthe equity andwater stability, the air and water t is moving from highways and investment is moving from highways and quality they enjoy, andquality the carbon they emit they enjoy, and for thedecades carbon they emit for decades transit and cities, and theand work of and the sprawl, to transit cities, work of into the future. Fast–growing the opportunity into the cities future.have Fast–growing cities have the opportunity hifting from building bigger roads design is shifting from building bigger roads to avoid the highway–oriented mistakes of the twentieth to avoid the highway–oriented mistakes of the twentieth streetsto that support quality places. century— mistakes increasingly recognized in countries making streets that support quality places. century— mistakes increasingly recognized in countries that once in roads and highways that once invested heavily inatroads and highways at le in theMost world live inin cities, and live in cities, people the world andinvested heavily the expense This newof world does not have the expense the cities. This new world does not have ities move foot, by bike, infoot, by bike, vaston majorities moveoron or in of the cities. room for the idea thatroom advancement is associated with for the idea that advancement is associated with ut mosttransit public— spaces in cities are but most public spaces in cities are increased car use andincreased infrastructure investment for car use and infrastructure investment for designed for cars.designed This increasingly currently for cars. This increasingly private automobiles. That belief is the foundation of the private automobiles. That belief is the foundation of the Designing urban streets to minimize auto–dependency Cities face a decision Cities every time investevery in Designing urban streets to minimize auto–de face they a decision time they invest in and promote safe, sustainable alternatives can help alternatives c transportation: they can become morethey car–oriented, and promote safe, sustainable transportation: can become more car–oriented, to address several challenges that cities challenges struggle with with hollowed–out centers and vast highway networks, to address several that cities stru with hollowed–out centers and vast highway networks, around the world, including: or more transit–oriented, withtransit–oriented, denser cores, compact around the world, including: or more with denser cores, compact JhW\ÒYL_eb[dY[ neighborhoods, and sustainable streets. are public JhW\ÒYL_eb[dY[ neighborhoods, andThese sustainable streets.These are public F^oi_YWb?dWYj_l_jo decisions that in the aggregate city and F^oi_YWb?dWYj_l_jo decisions affect that inthe theentire aggregate affect theentire city and world. 7_hGkWb_jo through their impact on climate, theimpact entire on world. 7_hGkWb_jo through their climate, the entire personal ;Yedec_Y;\ÒY_[dYo High volumes of car traffic and reliance ontraffic personal ;Yedec_Y;\ÒY_[dYo High volumes of car and reliance on ;d[h]o9edikcfj_ed motorized vehicles formotorized urban transportation ;d[h]o9edikcfj_ed vehicles for place urban high transportation place high 9b_cWj[9^Wd][ 9b_cWj[9^Wd][ costs on society. costs on society. De_i[Febbkj_ed De_i[Febbkj_ed GkWb_joe\B_\[ GkWb_joe\B_\[ Changing Streets, C hanging the World www.globaldesigningciIes.org Available early 2016 PRE-­‐ORDER TODAY www.globaldesigningciIes.org Skye Duncan Director, Global C iSes I niSaSve Designing skye@nacto.org @GlobalStreets
