“ADULT” NCM 107 CARE OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD GROUP 12 1 REPORTERS MARIA VINA FOLLERO JELINA DANNA GALEGO AYESHA MAE GRAGERA JOHN ALBERT GUEVARRA DEFINITION OF ADULT a person who is fully grown or developed. a fully grown person who is legally responsible for their action 2 3 STAGES OF ADULTHOOD 1. EARLY/YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 - 39 yrs. old) is the period starting at 18 years of age to the mid-40s. This is the time when people are healthy and physically fit. Young adults will complete their education and begin a career. Cognitive development in early adulthood is characterized by impulsive behavior and growth in epistemic understanding. Sometimes people will get married and start a family during this time. 3 3 STAGES OF ADULTHOOD 2. middle adulthood (40 - 65 yrs. old) During this time, aging becomes more noticeable with wrinkles, graying hair, and health problems. At this stage an individual may meet their career goals and children will grow up. 4 3 STAGES OF ADULTHOOD 3. Late adulthood (65 yrs. old - death) During this time, physical ability declines, and most individuals retire. Some people in this stage spend time with grandchildren, get involved with their hobbies, and explore other interests. Mental health can decline during this time due to decreased social interactions and prejudice due to old age. 5 CHANGES IN ADULTHOOD PHYSICAL CHANGES COGNITIVE CHANGES PHSYCHOSOCIAL CHANGES SEXUALITY CHANGES 6 PHYSICAL CHANGES By the mid-twenties, physical development reaches its peak in health, strength, and stamina, except for slight fluctuations in height and weight. From there, physical health slowly begins to decline throughout adulthood. Around the age of 30-35, the aging process begins. As people age, the tips of their chromosomes, called telomeres, start to wear away and initiate the aging process. 7 PHYSICAL CHANGES IN ADULTHOOD Early adulthood Early adulthood, or the "prime of life," marks full maturity and peak physical performance. Vision, muscle strength, hearing, reproductive ability, motor ability, and lung strength are all at their best in our mid-twenties. Physical development may begin to decline towards the end of early adulthood (ages 30-40), but it remains mostly unnoticeable. It can fluctuate due to things like diet, exercise, and pregnancy. middle adulthood The decline of physical development starts becoming more noticeable in middle adulthood. Middle-aged adults might notice that some physical tasks are more difficult than before. The female reproductive system undergoes a major change when it reaches menopause, while the male reproductive system remains pretty much the same. These physical changes signal that an adult has reached the second half of life and likely has less time to live than the years that have already passed. late adulthood Aging sets in fully, and chronic illnesses become more common. Memory and other cognitive abilities often suffer the most significant declines, sometimes through neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Changes in physical appearance such as wrinkles, gray hair, and yellowed teeth become very noticeable. 8 COGNITIVE CHANGES in adulthood involves the ability to better integrate emotion and logic to make decisions and a decline in the ability to quickly process information. In late adulthood, cognitive development is characterized by neurocognitive disorders, intellectual changes, and memory changes. A common assumption about aging is that a person becomes wiser as they age. 9 COGNITIVE CHANGES IN ADULTHOOD Early adulthood Young adults, in comparison to the adolescent, are more creative in thought, are objective and realistic, and are less self-centered. Their learning is enhanced through educational and life experiences. middle adulthood Cognitive and intellectual abilities of middle adults change little from young adulthood. There often is increased motivation to learn, especially if the knowledge gained can be applied immediately and has personal relevance. Problem-solving abilities remain throughout adulthood, although response time may be slightly longer. This is due not to any decreased ability but, rather, to a longer search through more memories and to a desire to think a problem through before responding late adulthood The term cognition indicates cerebral functioning, including the ability to perceive and understand one's world. cognition does not change appreciably with aging. In fact, intelligence increases into the 60s, and learning continues through life. Mild short-term (recent) memory loss is common but can be remedied by an older adult using notes, schedules, and calendars. Long-term memory usually remains intact. Dementia, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and delirium might occur and cause cognitive impairment. 10 PHSYCHOSOCIAL CHANGES Psychosocial development describes how a person's personality develops, and how social skills are learned from infancy through adulthood. 11 PSYCHOSOCIAL CHANGES IN ADULTHOOD Early Adulthood Intimacy vs. Isolation The psychosocial crisis in stage 6, intimacy vs. isolation, occurs in young adulthood (ages 18 to 40 years). The main focus in this stage is developing intimate relationships, and the virtue to be gained is "love." People who are not successful in stage 6 can feel alone and isolated. In some cases, this can lead to depression. Middle Adulthood Generativity vs. Stagnation seventh level of psychosocial development occurs during middle age—between 40 to 65 years of age. The crisis at this stage is generativity vs. stagnation. Generativity is a person's way of "leaving a mark" on the world by giving back to society. This can include mentoring the younger generation, being successful at work, and positively impacting the community. The virtue that can be gained in stage 7 is "care." When a person is not successful in stage 7, it leads to stagnation. This can cause the person to feel useless and disconnected from their community. Late Adulthood Integrity vs. Despair The final stage in Erikson's psychosocial theory of development is integrity vs. despair. This stage begins around age 65 years and continues for the remainder of a person's life. During this stage, a person reflects on their life and their accomplishments and comes to terms with the fact that death is unavoidable. 12 SEXUALITY CHANGES Sexuality is a complex and multifaceted aspect of human life that evolves over the course of one's lifespan. It is influenced by biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. 13 SEXUALITY CHANGES IN ADULTHOOD Early Adulthood Young adulthood is often a time of exploration and experimentation with one's sexual identity, preferences, and relationships. Individuals may engage in various types of sexual experiences, including dating, casual relationships, and more serious partnerships. During this phase, individuals tend to clarify their sexual orientation and gender identity. Young adults need to be educated about safe sex practices and contraception to prevent unintended pregnancies and reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Middle Adulthood Middle adulthood often sees a shift towards more stable and committed relationships. Couples may have been together for many years, and sexual intimacy can play a central role in maintaining a strong emotional bond. Late Adulthood Sexual activity tends to decrease with age, but many older adults continue to enjoy fulfilling sexual lives. Health issues, medications, and the loss of a partner through death or separation can all impact the expression of sexuality in late adulthood. 14 THANK YOU FOR WATCHING!! 15 REFERENCES 16
