TLOG2011
Forelesning uke 2
Digitalization
Alireza Ashrafian, PhD
11 & 12.01.2024
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
Hva betyr digitalisering for deg?
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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What is Digitalization?
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The process of converting analog information into digital format
(digitization), AND the integration of digital technologies into various
aspects of human life and business operations.
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Use of digital technologies to transform and improve processes, systems,
and activities, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective outcomes.
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In Lean terms: Less waste, more flexibility, enhanced customer experience
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Digital transformation: A cultural shift within organizations to embrace
and adapt to new digital practices.
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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Key components of digitalization
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Digitization
– Data & Data Acqusition by various sensors
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Connectivity
– Network / Communication / Internet of Thing (IoT)
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Digital technologies
– AR/VR, 3D Printing, …
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Data-Driven Decision Making
– Data Analytics, Simulation Modeling, ML & AI
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Automation & Robotization
– System automation / Process Automation / Robots & Cobots
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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Industry 4.0 – The 4th industrial revolution
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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The Big Elephants in the room
Internet of
Things (IoT)
Artificial
Intelligence (AI)
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
Digital Twin
(DT)
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Internet of Things (IoT)
All things can be connected!
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•
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A network of interconnected physical devices, vehicles,
appliances, and other objects embedded with sensors,
actuators, and software (Cyber Physical System).
These devices collect and exchange data, communicate and
interact with each other without direct human intervention.
Key components:
–
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Sensors: Inexpensive sensors for sensing anything from everything
Wireless Networks: gathering all sorts of information from near or
far
•
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Low powered Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRa WAN): Longer range
than RFID (25+ km), low data rate, high velocity, with 10+ years of battery
life
Big Data & Cloud Computing: Large data structures, data
transmission, storage, processing, and sharing with liability and
privacy
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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Artificial Intelligence (AI)
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Enabling machines to emulate human intelligence to understand, adapt, and make decisions in
complex situations.
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Key components:
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Machine Learning (ML)
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Natural Language Processing (NLP)
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Supervised / Unsupervised / Deep Learning
Enable machines to understand and generate human language
Chatbots, language translation, ChatGPT
Computer Vision
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Enable machines to interprete visual data
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Image recognition, object detection, facial recognition
Expert systems / AI Planning
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AI programs for decision-making in specific domains (Narrow AI)
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AI programs for generating plans and sequence of actions (used in logistics and robotics)
General AI / Generative AI: Approaching the true breadth and depth of human intelligence
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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Digital Twin (DT)
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A virtual representation of a physical object,
system, or process (digital model or shadow).
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It mirrors the real-world counterpart and is
updated in real-time with data from sensors and
other sources.
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Simulation-based DTs provide a way to monitor,
simulate, and analyze the performance of physical
entities in a virtual environment.
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DT for any asset (factory, warehouse, etc.)
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
Digital Twin for the Port of Rotterdam
Tracking resources, ship movements,
infrastructure, weather, geographical,
water depth data ....
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Simulation-based DT for Complex Logistics Systems
Forelesningsnotater TLOG2011 Logistikkteknologi og digitalisering V24 – Alireza Ashrafian
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