Test Bank for Theories of Personality, 10th Edition, Jess Feist, Gregory Feist
Test Bank for Theories of Personality, 10th Edition,
Jess Feist, Gregory Feist
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Student name:__________
1)
According to Karen Horney, an important difference between the neurotic trends of
normal individuals and those of neurotic people is that:
A)
B)
C)
D)
neurotics are usually conscious of their strategies.
neurotics are compelled to follow a single rigid strategy.
neurotics experience little conflict caused by their strategies.
neurotics enjoy their misery.
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2)
In Karen Horney's view, _____ are largely responsible for shaping personality, either
neurotic or healthy.
A)
B)
C)
D)
cultural conditions
existential dilemmas
unrealistic expectations
neurotic claims
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3)
Karen Horney believed that children develop _____ as a reaction to unfilled needs for
love and affection.
A)
B)
C)
D)
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basic hostility toward their parents
dependence on their parents
independence from their parents
the Oedipus complex
1
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4)
Karen Horney's theory is built mainly on her writings about:
A)
B)
C)
D)
psychoses and psychotic people.
neuroses and neurotic people.
normality and normal people.
self-actualizing people.
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5)
Karen Horney, like _____, was the youngest child of a middle-aged father, had older
siblings who were favored by her parents, and felt unwanted and unloved.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
Melanie Klein
Eric Fromm
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6)
Karen Horney came to psychoanalysis from:
A)
B)
C)
D)
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art.
music.
medicine.
sociology.
2
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7)
Karen Horney criticized Freudian theory on several accounts. Which of these was one of
her major criticisms?
A)
B)
C)
D)
She criticized his ideas on feminine psychology.
She criticized the lack of emphasis on biological factors.
She criticized the lack of emphasis on ego functioning.
She criticized the flexibility of his ideas in theory and practice.
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8)
Karen Horney believed that people are governed by which guiding principles?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Sex and aggression
Avoidance and attraction
Safety and satisfaction
Superiority and inferiority
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9)
Karen Horney was most critical of the validity of Sigmund Freud's:
A)
B)
C)
D)
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perceptive insights.
observations.
interpretations.
optimism.
3
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10)
Feelings of isolation, Karen Horney said, stem from:
A)
B)
C)
D)
the anatomical differences between the two genders.
an overly competitive society.
peer rejection in adolescence.
a lack of courage or assertiveness.
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11)
Karen Horney contended that needs for affection result in:
A)
B)
C)
D)
an undervaluation of the self.
an overvaluation of love.
isolation.
intense hostility.
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12)
Karen Horney contended that modern culture is based on _____ among individuals.
A)
B)
C)
D)
cooperation
dependence
competition
estrangement
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13)
According to Karen Horney, how does the Western society hinder people's attempts to
find love?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It rewards competitiveness.
It rewards failure.
It limits free choice.
All of the answers are correct.
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14)
Karen Horney believed that the cultural contradictions of society:
A)
B)
C)
D)
lead to intrapsychic conflict.
result in achievement and success.
are a result of the anatomical differences between the sexes.
can never be successfully resolved.
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15)
Neurotics strive in pathological ways to find love rather than benefiting from the need for
it. Their attempts often result in:
A)
B)
C)
D)
an increased need for affection.
high self-esteem.
decreased competitiveness.
decreased hostility.
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16)
For Karen Horney, adult attitudes toward others are:
A)
B)
C)
D)
a result of an unresolved Oedipus complex.
repetitions of infantile attitudes.
directly tied to instinctual needs.
a product of individual character structure.
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17)
According to Karen Horney, most neuroses stem from:
A)
B)
C)
D)
childhood.
adolescence.
an unhappy marriage.
genetic factors.
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18)
In the context of basic hostility and basic anxiety, which of the following was a belief
Karen Horney held about people?
A) They are innately healthy.
B) They are innately neurotic.
C) They are born with the potential for psychological health, but this potential must be
developed in a warm and loving atmosphere.
D) They are born with the potential for psychological health, but this potential must be
developed in an atmosphere of competition.
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19)
"A feeling of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world" is Karen Horney's
definition of:
A)
B)
C)
D)
basic dread.
basic threat.
basic fear.
basic anxiety.
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20)
Neuroses, Karen Horney said, grow out of the "nutritive soil" of:
A)
B)
C)
D)
an experience or perception of failure.
constant, unrelenting basic anxiety.
exaggerated feelings of superiority.
an unresolved Oedipus complex.
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21)
According to Karen Horney, people who try to purchase love with self-effacing
compliance, material goods, or sexual favors use _____ as a strategy to protect themselves
against the feeling of being alone in a potentially hostile world.
A)
B)
C)
D)
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withdrawal
affection
power
prestige
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22)
Karen Horney asserted that the primary adverse influence inhibiting a child's potential for
healthy development is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
the failure of the parent(s) to love the child.
rivalry and competitiveness among children.
the unconscious instinctual urges of the child.
the lack of proper socialization of the child.
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23)
Karen Horney saw the tendency to humiliate others in order to protect oneself against
humiliation as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
power.
prestige.
possession.
dominance.
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24)
In the context of Karen Horney's list of defenses against basic anxiety, people use _____
as a defense against the real or imagined hostility of others.
A)
B)
C)
D)
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withdrawal
submissiveness
power
affection
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25)
In the context of Karen Horney's list of defenses against basic anxiety, _____ acts as a
buffer against destitution and poverty and manifests itself as a tendency to deprive others.
A)
B)
C)
D)
affection
prestige
withdrawal
possession
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26)
According to Karen Horney, which of the following defenses used by neurotics against
basic anxiety involves developing an independence from others or becoming emotionally
detached from them?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Withdrawal
Prestige
Submissiveness
Power
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27)
According to Karen Horney, neurotics cannot change their behavior by free will but must
continually and compulsively protect themselves against basic anxiety. This strategy leads to
behaviors that perpetuate:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
high self-esteem.
persistent apprehension.
a healthy striving for power.
feelings of inferiority.
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28)
Karen Horney saw neurotic behavior as a protection against:
A)
B)
C)
D)
low self-esteem.
self-hatred.
psychosis.
basic anxiety.
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29)
Kip seeks out powerful people to be his friends. Karen Horney would say that Kip's need
for a powerful partner:
A)
B)
C)
D)
is a sign of high self-esteem.
is a neurotic need.
produces basic anxiety.
will result in shame and guilt.
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30)
According to Karen Horney, which of the following modes of relating to people helps
people combat basic anxiety?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
Moving against others
Moving toward others
Moving away from others
All of the answers are correct.
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31)
Which of these is not one of Karen Horney's 10 neurotic needs?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The need for affection and approval
The need for order and direction
The need for power
The need for perfection
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32)
Some people combat basic anxiety by trying to be first, to be important, or to attract
attention to themselves. According to Karen Horney, this depicts the neurotic need for:
A)
B)
C)
D)
independence.
a powerful partner.
prestige.
self-sufficiency.
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33)
Parker constantly belittles his own accomplishments. He also dreads asking others for
favors. According to Karen Horney, these behaviors illustrate a neurotic need:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
for affection and approval.
for a romantic life partner.
to restrict one's life within narrow borders.
to attain self-sufficiency and independence.
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34)
Tami is proud of her intellectual skills and abilities, and she is pleased when others notice
and admire her superior intelligence. According to Karen Horney, these behaviors illustrate a
neurotic need for:
A)
B)
C)
D)
power.
affection and approval.
personal admiration.
prestige.
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35)
According to Karen Horney, how do neurotics differ from normal people?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Neurotics are completely conscious of their basic attitudes.
Neurotics are free to choose their own actions.
Neurotics experience severe, insoluble conflicts.
None of the answers is correct.
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36)
According to Karen Horney, normal and neurotic individuals differ in their use of the
three basic styles of relating to people in that:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
neurotics use deceit to relate to others.
normal individuals only use one mode of relating to others.
neurotics only use one mode of relating to others.
neurotics use the three basic styles, but normal individuals do not.
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37)
Which of the following statements is true about neurotics who adopt the philosophy of
moving toward people?
A)
B)
C)
D)
They are compulsively driven to appear perfect and powerful.
They are unlikely to rate themselves according to what others think of them.
They are unwilling to subordinate themselves to others.
They are willing to see others as more intelligent or attractive.
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38)
According to Karen Horney, which of the following neurotic needs is incorporated in the
neurotic trend of moving against people?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The need to receive recognition and prestige
The need for privacy, independence, and self-sufficiency
The need to seek a powerful partner
The need for affection and approval of others
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39)
Karen Horney believed that neurotics move toward people because they experience:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
deep feelings of helplessness.
painful feelings of inferiority.
painful feelings of isolation.
deep feelings of love and affection.
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40)
Some people move toward other people by seeking a powerful partner. Karen Horney
referred to this as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
a symbiotic relationship.
the need for food and shelter.
morbid dependency.
domination.
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41)
According to Karen Horney, aggressive people assume that other people are:
A)
B)
C)
D)
helpless.
hostile.
superior to them.
inferior to them.
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42)
The strategy of moving away from people to cope with basic anxiety is an expression of
the need for:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
power.
independence.
personal admiration.
a powerful partner.
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43)
Which of the following statements is true about individuals who adopt Karen Horney's
neurotic trend of moving away from people?
A)
B)
C)
D)
They fear needing others.
They fear dependence upon others.
They fear competition.
All of the answers are correct.
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44)
Each of Karen Horney's neurotic trends has a normal analog. The ability to survive in a
competitive society is a healthy extension of the neurotic trend of:
A)
B)
C)
D)
moving against people.
moving toward people.
moving with people.
moving away from people.
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45)
According to Karen Horney, an outstanding characteristic of people who adopt the trend
of moving toward people is:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
self-confidence.
compliance.
aggressiveness.
detachment.
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46)
The normal analog of Karen Horney's neurotic trend of moving away from people is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
autonomy.
competition.
compliance.
indifference.
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47)
According to Karen Horney, the principal behavior of neurotics who move away from
people is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
self-confidence.
compliance.
aggressiveness.
detachment.
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48)
According to Karen Horney, two important intrapsychic conflicts are:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
guilt and remorse.
competition and cooperation.
self-hatred and the idealized self-image.
moving away from people and moving toward people.
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49)
Karen Horney believed that intrapsychic processes originate from:
A)
B)
C)
D)
the anatomical differences between the sexes.
interpersonal experiences.
the collective unconscious.
neurotic trends.
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50)
Karen Horney believed that an idealized self-image is expressed as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
neurotic search for glory.
neurotic claims.
neurotic pride.
All of the answers are correct.
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51)
According to Karen Horney, which of the following statements is true about neurotics?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
They use the real self as the standard for self-evaluation.
They use the idealized self as the standard for self-evaluation.
They move toward the goal of actualizing the real self.
They are unable even to form the concept of the idealized self.
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52)
Karen Horney referred to neurotics' compulsive drive toward actualizing the ideal self as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
the process of self-realization.
the neurotic trend.
the neurotic search for glory.
the tyranny of the should.
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53)
In their need for perfection, neurotics often set up complex rules and outrageous
standards that they feel they must follow. Karen Horney refers to this as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
the process of self-realization.
neurotic claims.
the tyranny of the should.
neurotic ambition.
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54)
is:
According to Karen Horney, the most destructive element of the neurotic search for glory
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A)
B)
C)
D)
neurotic ambition.
the neurotic claim of accomplishments.
neurotic pride.
the drive toward a vindictive triumph.
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55)
Which of the following statements is true about neurotic pride?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It is qualitatively similar to healthy pride.
It is based on realistic attributes and accomplishments.
It is loudly proclaimed to protect a glorified view of one's self.
It is based on a truthful view of the true self.
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56)
According to Karen Horney, neurotics express self-hatred in the form of _____ when
they constantly berate themselves.
A)
B)
C)
D)
merciless self-accusation
relentless demands on the self
self-destructive actions and impulses
self-frustration
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57)
According to Karen Horney, self-hatred may take the form of _____, which might be
expressed as belittling, disparaging, doubting, discrediting, and ridiculing oneself.
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A)
B)
C)
D)
self-destruction
self-frustration
self-accusation
self-contempt
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58)
Karen Horney insisted that the Oedipus complex:
A)
B)
C)
D)
does not exist.
is the result of cultural forces.
is the result of physical anatomy.
is universal.
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59)
Karen Horney believed that at the core of men's need to subjugate women and women's
wish to humiliate men is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
basic anxiety.
self-hatred.
neurotic pride.
a vindictive triumph.
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60)
For Karen Horney, psychic differences between men and women result from:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
the anatomical differences between the sexes.
differences in superego development.
the resolution of the Oedipus complex.
cultural and social expectations.
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61)
Karen Horney recognized that some women may wish to be men because of:
A)
B)
C)
D)
penis envy.
womb envy.
the cultural privileges that are regarded as masculine.
the anatomical differences between the sexes.
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62)
The general goal of Horneyian therapy is to help patients:
A)
B)
C)
D)
enhance the trend of moving toward people.
reject the trend of moving against people.
grow in the direction of self-realization.
increase their needs for safety and security.
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63)
Which of the following techniques did Karen Horney not use in her psychotherapy?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
Dream interpretation
Free association
Hypnosis
All of the answers are correct.
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64)
Which of the following is a major strength of Karen Horney's theory?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Her comprehensive description of the neurotic personality
Her concern with the biological determinants of behavior
Her description of psychic conflict
Her innovative psychotherapy techniques
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65)
According to Karen Horney, the principal difference between a psychologically healthy
person and a neurotic person is the _____ with which each moves toward, against, or away from
people.
A)
B)
C)
D)
force
basic hostility
degree of compulsivity
aggression
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66)
Karen Horney's concept of humanity was based mostly on her:
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A)
B)
C)
D)
clinical work with neurotic patients.
reactions to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis.
search for the self-actualizing person.
prior training in sociology.
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67)
Discuss Karen Horney's criticism of Sigmund Freud.
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68)
Discuss Karen Horney's concepts of neurotic needs and neurotic trends.
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69)
Comment on Karen Horney's unique contribution to feminine psychology within the
promasculine psychoanalytic view. Be sure to address the main tenets of Sigmund Freud that
Horney rejected.
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Answer Key
Test name: Feist 06
1) B
2) A
3) A
4) B
5) C
6) C
7) A
8) C
9) C
10) B
11) B
12) C
13) A
14) A
15) A
16) D
17) A
18) C
19) D
20) B
21) B
22) A
23) B
24) C
25) D
26) A
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27) B
28) D
29) B
30) D
31) B
32) C
33) C
34) C
35) C
36) C
37) D
38) A
39) A
40) C
41) B
42) B
43) D
44) A
45) B
46) A
47) D
48) C
49) B
50) D
51) B
52) C
53) C
54) D
55) C
56) A
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57) D
58) B
59) A
60) D
61) C
62) C
63) C
64) A
65) C
66) A
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67) A. Horney believed that Freud's psychoanalysis was too rigid and
that strict adherence to it would lead to stagnation in both theory and
practice.
B. Horney's strongest differences with Freud were on the issue of
feminine psychology. To Horney, psychic differences between women
and men are not due to anatomy or instincts but due to cultural and
social expectations.
C. Horney stressed the view that psychoanalysis should move beyond
instinct theory and emphasize the importance of cultural influences in
shaping personality.
D. Horney claimed that neuroses are not the result of instincts but rather
of the person's "attempt to find paths through a wilderness full of
unknown dangers." This wilderness is created by society and not by
instincts or anatomy.
E. Horney recognized the possibility of the Oedipus complex, but she
insisted that it is not universal and not due to biology. According to her,
the Oedipus complex results from environmental conditions and is found
only in those people who have a neurotic need for love.
F. Horney objected to the notion of penis envy, but she recognized that
many women have a masculine protest, or a pathological belief that men
are superior to women.
G. Horney believed that people are not ruled by the pleasure principle
but by the needs for safety and satisfaction.
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68) A. Horney originally identified 10 categories of neurotic needs that
underlie the attempts of neurotics to combat basic anxiety. One person
may use several neurotic needs in an attempt to deal with other people.
B. The 10 neurotic needs are (1) the need for affection and approval, (2)
the need for a powerful partner, (3) the need to restrict one's life within
narrow borders, (4) the need for power, (5) the need to exploit others, (6)
the need for social recognition or prestige, (7) the need for personal
admiration, (8) the need for ambition and personal achievement, (9) the
need for self-sufficiency and independence, and (10) the need for
perfection and unassailability.
C. Later, Horney grouped these 10 neurotic needs into three basic
attitudes, or neurotic trends. The three neurotic trends are (1) moving
toward people, which includes neurotic needs 1, 2, and 3; (2) moving
against people, which includes neurotic needs 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8; and (3)
moving away from people, which includes neurotic needs 9 and 10.
D. Each of the three neurotic trends has a normal analog. Moving toward
people translates as a friendly, loving attitude in normal people; moving
against people has a normal analog of survivability in a competitive
society; and the normal analog of moving away from people is an
autonomous and serene attitude.
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Test Bank for Theories of Personality, 10th Edition, Jess Feist, Gregory Feist
69) A. Horney asserted that the psychic differences between men and
women were not the result of anatomy or biological differences but
rather of cultural and social forces. An example includes male
domination over women because of neurotic competitiveness. Thus,
basic anxiety underlies a man's need to subjugate women and a woman's
wish to humiliate men.
B. Specific Freudian concepts that Horney challenged, and ultimately
rejected, include the Oedipus complex and penis envy. She concluded
that anatomy was not destiny and that a child's insecurities should not be
attributed to sexual or anatomical causes. Instead, a child may have a
neurotic need for love and affection, which may be expressed through
clingy behavior or excessive jealousy. Ultimately, a child's main goal is
security and the privileges typically afforded by males in most cultures.
C. In 1994, Bernard J. Paris published a paper on a lecture Horney
delivered in 1935. Essentially summarizing her views on feminine
psychology, she argued that culture and society are responsible for
psychological differences between the genders and that a general
psychology of both men and women was more valuable than a detailed
analysis of the aspects that separate men and women. She captured this
well in the following: "Paradoxical as it may sound, we shall find out
about these differences only if we forget about them."
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