AAU5835f Hardware Description Issue Draft A Date 2021-10-30 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2021. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. Notice The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Address: Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of China Website: https://www.huawei.com Email: support@huawei.com Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. i AAU5835f Hardware Description Contents Contents 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description.........................................................................................1 1.1 Changes in AAU5835f Hardware Description................................................................................................................2 1.2 AAU.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 AAU Exterior.......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 AAU Functions...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3 AAU Technical Specifications........................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.4 AAU Ports and Indicators.................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.2.5 AAU Angle Adjustment System.................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.6 Optical Modules................................................................................................................................................................. 13 1.3 AAU Cables............................................................................................................................................................................. 15 1.3.1 AAU Cable List.................................................................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.2 AAU PGND Cable...............................................................................................................................................................16 1.3.3 AAU Power Cable.............................................................................................................................................................. 16 1.3.4 CPRI Optical Fiber............................................................................................................................................................. 18 Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. ii AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Overview This document provides reference for planning and deploying an active antenna unit 5835f (AAU5835f, which is referred to as AAU in this document). It describes the exterior, functions, technical specifications, ports, indicators, angle adjustment system, optical modules, and cables of the AAU. Product Versions The following table lists the product versions related to this document. Product Name Solution Version Product Version AAU5835f SRAN17.1 and later V100R017C10 and later For details about the software versions of RF modules, see the related software and hardware compatibility description. Intended Audience ● System engineers ● Installation engineers ● Maintenance engineers Organization 1.1 Changes in AAU5835f Hardware Description This section describes the changes in AAU5835f Hardware Description. 1.2 AAU An AAU integrates the antenna and RF unit. The AAU5835f consists of the active module and passive antenna. 1.3 AAU Cables This section describes the cables connected to an AAU. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1.1 Changes in AAU5835f Hardware Description This section describes the changes in AAU5835f Hardware Description. Draft A (2021-10-30) This is a draft. 1.2 AAU An AAU integrates the antenna and RF unit. The AAU5835f consists of the active module and passive antenna. 1.2.1 AAU Exterior This section describes the AAU exterior. Figure 1-1 shows the AAU exterior. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-1 AAU exterior (1) Active module (2) Passive antenna (also called passive module) (3) Upper handle (4) Lower handle (5) Upper attachment plate of the active module (6) Lower attachment plate of the active module Figure 1-2 shows the AAU dimensions. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 3 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-2 AAU dimensions You can obtain the module name on the AAU nameplate, as shown in Figure 1-3. NOTE The nameplate on the AAU in the figure is only for reference. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 4 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-3 Nameplate position 1.2.2 AAU Functions The AAU logically consists of the active module and the passive antenna. The main function modules of the active module include the antenna unit (AU), radio unit (RU), power module, and L1 processing unit. Figure 1-4 shows the logical structure. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 5 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-4 Logical structure of the active module Table 1-1 describes the logical structure of the active module. Table 1-1 Logical structure of the active module Function Module Function Description Antenna Each antenna uses an 8x12 array and supports 96 dualpolarized elements to transmit and receive radio waves. RF unit The RF unit consists of the following function modules: ● CPRI port and digital intermediate frequency (IF): CPRI signal transmission and digital IF processing ● ADC and DAC: analog-to-digital conversion (using the ADC) and digital-to-analog conversion (using the DAC) (ADC is short for analog-to-digital converter and DAC is short for digital-to-analog converter.) ● Low-power RF signal: down-conversion and amplification for RF signals; up-conversion and amplification for analog signals ● Power amplifier (PA): signal power amplification ● Filter: protection and filtering Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 6 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Function Module Function Description Power module Supplies operating voltage to the AU and RU. L1 (physical layer) processing unit ● Provides enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI) ports to converge and distribute eCPRI signals. ● Implements the uplink and downlink processing at the NR physical layer. ● Performs I/Q modulation, mapping, and digital weighting in the downlink. The passive antenna provides passive ports for external RRUs. Figure 1-5 shows its logical structure. Figure 1-5 Logical structure of the passive antenna NOTE ● The red parts represent arrays whose operating frequency band is 690–960 MHz. The yellow parts y2 and y3 represent arrays whose operating frequency band is 1427–2690 MHz. ● y1 and b1 as well as y4 and b2 form arrays in different operating frequency bands. Specifically, the yellow parts y1 and y4 represent arrays whose operating frequency band is 2490–2690 MHz, and the blue parts b1 and b2 represent arrays whose operating frequency band is 1695–2200 MHz. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 7 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1.2.3 AAU Technical Specifications This section describes AAU technical specifications, including supported RATs, frequency bands, RF specifications, engineering specifications, antenna capabilities, and CPRI port specifications. For details about AAU technical specifications, see AAU5835f Technical Specifications. 1.2.4 AAU Ports and Indicators This section describes the physical ports and indicators on an AAU. Figure 1-6 shows the physical ports and indicators on an AAU. Figure 1-6 Physical ports and indicators NOTE ● L Indicates left antenna or left array. R indicates right antenna or right array. CL indicates central left antenna. CR indicates central right antenna. ● r indicates red. b indicates blue. y indicates yellow. ● 8T8R is supported when 8T8R-A and 8T8R-B are used together, that is, RF ports 5 and 6 or RF ports 6 and 7 are connected. For details, see the AAU5835f Technical Specifications. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 8 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Table 1-2 SNs of the ports at the bottom of the wireless antenna RF Port Number SNa 1 and 2 RET SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxLr1 3 and 4 RET SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxRr2 5 RET SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxLb1, HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxRb2 6 RET SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxCLy2, HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxCRy3 7 RET SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxLy1, HWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxRy4 5 and 6 RAE SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxx0bxy23 6 and 7 RAE SN: HWxxxxxxxxxxx0y1234 a: The characters x are pad characters in the SN. Physical Ports Table 1-3 describes the physical ports on an AAU. Table 1-3 Physical ports Silkscreen Description CPRI1 Optical port 1 with a maximum data rate of 25 Gbit/s. An optical module must be inserted into the port for optical fiber installation. CPRI0 Optical port 0 with a maximum data rate of 25 Gbit/s. An optical module must be inserted into the port for optical fiber installation. PWR –48 V DC power port AUX Port for connecting to an external antenna information sensor unit (AISU) to transmit Antenna Interface Standards Group (AISG) signals TEST Reserved port, which is unavailable AISG IN1 RET ports connected to the RET ports on external passive modules AISG IN2 AISG OUT1 AISG OUT2 Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) RET cascading ports connected to the RET ports on external RET antennas so that the passive modules can adjust the tilts of the cascaded antennas CAL Calibration port (used with a 4.3-10 female connector), supporting RF signals and RET antenna control signals 1 to 4 RF ports (used with 4.3-10 female connectors) for connecting to external RRUs Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 9 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Silkscreen Description 5 to 7 RF ports (used with MQ4 connectors) for connecting to external RRUs Indicators Table 1-4 describes the indicators on an AAU. Table 1-4 Indicators Silkscree n Color Status Meaning RUN Green Steady on Power is supplied, but the module is faulty. Steady off There is no power supply, or the module is faulty. Blinking (on for 1s and off for 1s) The module is working properly. Blinking (on for 0.125s and off for 0.125s) The module software is being loaded or the module is not working. Steady on An alarm is generated, and the module must be replaced. Blinking (on for 1s and off for 1s) An alarm is generated. The alarm may be caused by a fault on a related module or port. Locate the fault before deciding whether to replace the module. Steady off No alarm is generated. Steady on The module is working properly when TX channels are enabled or when software is being loaded to the module that is not started. Blinking (on for 1s and off for 1s) The module is working with TX channels disabled. Steady green The common public radio interface (CPRI) link is working properly. ALM ACT ● CPRI0 ● CPRI1 Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Red Green Red or green Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 10 AAU5835f Hardware Description Silkscree n 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Color Status Meaning Steady red The optical module fails to transmit or receive signals (due to optical module faults, broken optical fibers, or other causes). Blinking red (on for 1s and off for 1s) The CPRI link is out of lock (due to a clock lock failure between two modes, CPRI port rate mismatch, or other causes). You are advised to check the system configuration to locate the fault. Steady off The optical module cannot be detected or is powered off. 1.2.5 AAU Angle Adjustment System Massive MIMO AAUs adjust the tilt of antenna beams by modifying phase weights of RF channels. For the passive antenna, the RET downtilt is changed through the remote control unit (RCU). Angle Adjustment Function The active module is a 64T64R module. Each antenna column has four independent RF channels. The antenna beam digital tilt can be adjusted by changing the phase weights of the RF channels, thereby changing the beam coverage. Figure 1-7 shows the working principle of digital tilt adjustment for a massive MIMO module. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 11 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-7 Working principle of digital tilt adjustment for a massive MIMO module The signal coverage of a passive antenna can be changed by adjusting the RET tilt through the RCU. Figure 1-8 shows the working principle of the RET system. Figure 1-8 Working principle of the RET system of a passive antenna Angle Adjustment Configuration The weights designed for typical coverage scenarios have been written into the beam weight file, which is included in the eNodeB/gNodeB software package. After the beam weight file is activated, the broadcast beamwidth is configured on both the horizontal and vertical planes based on the setting of the Coverage Scenario parameter, satisfying broadcast coverage demands in various application scenarios. Run the MOD NRDUCELLTRPBEAM (NR) or MOD BFANT (LTE) command. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 12 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description ● Set the Coverage Scenario parameter to adjust the antenna beam pattern. ● Set the Tilt parameter to adjust the downtilt of the antenna beam. ● The product software adjusts the antenna downtilt and other parameters through digital weights, and digital weights can be adjusted by using the Coverage Scenario and Tilt parameters. NOTE ● For details on massive MIMO service coverage solutions and engineering guidelines, see Beam Management Feature Parameter Description (NR) or Massive MIMO Feature Parameter Description (LTE). ● For the RET control scheme of the passive antenna and engineering guidelines, see ALD Management Feature Parameter Description. ● If the existing coverage scenarios do not meet the requirements, contact Huawei technical support. 1.2.6 Optical Modules An optical module transmits optical signals between an optical port and an optical fiber. Optical modules must be used in pairs on both ends of an optical fiber. The following table describes the mapping. NOTICE An optical fiber must use the optical modules with the same specifications on both ends. If optical modules with different specifications are used, performance risks, such as alarms, bit errors, and interrupted links, may occur. Table 1-5 Optical module mapping Optical Module Type Mapping Between the BBU Side and AAU Side SFP duplex (two-fiber bidirectional, or duplex for short) optical module SFP duplex optical modules with the same specifications SFP BIDI (single-fiber bidirectional, or BIDI for short) optical module SFP BIDI optical modules are used on both sides. ● A mapping relationship exists between the TX wavelength and RX wavelength. For example, if TX and RX wavelengths of the optical module on the BBU side are 1270TX/1330RX, those on the AAU side are 1330TX/1270RX. ● Except for wavelengths, the specifications of optical modules are the same. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 13 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Optical Module Type Mapping Between the BBU Side and AAU Side The DSFP optical module is used on the BBU side and the SFP BIDI optical module is used on the AAU side. ● A mapping relationship exists between the TX wavelength and RX wavelength. For example, if TX and RX wavelengths of the optical module on the BBU side are 1270TX/1330RX, those on the AAU side are 1330TX/1270RX. ● Except for wavelengths, the specifications of optical modules are the same. Optical modules can be classified as single-mode and multimode optical modules, which can be distinguished as follows: ● The puller of a single-mode optical module is blue and the puller of a multimode optical module is black or gray. ● The transmission mode is displayed as "SM" on the label of a single-mode optical module and "MM" on the label of a multimode optical module. NOTE ● The exteriors and labels of optical modules in this section are for reference only. The actual exteriors and labels may be different. ● Optical modules to be installed must match the rates of their corresponding ports. ● Only Huawei-certified optical modules meeting the following requirements can be used for Huawei wireless devices: ● Environment, feature, and specifications requirements of devices on which optical modules are to be installed ● Laser safety requirements in IEC 60825-1 ● General safety requirements in IEC 60950-1 ● The supported maximum remote distance varies with the optical module. For details, see "CPRI Optical Fibers" in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Cables. CPRI optical fibers are configured based on application scenarios. SFP Optical Module The following figure shows the exteriors of SFP optical modules. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 14 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Figure 1-9 SFP optical modules (1) SFP duplex (two-fiber bidirectional) optical (2) SFP BIDI (single-fiber bidirectional) optical module module There is a label on each optical module that provides information such as the rate, wavelength, and transmission mode, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1-10 Label (1) Rate (2) Wavelength (3) Transmission distance (4) Transmission mode 1.3 AAU Cables This section describes the cables connected to an AAU. 1.3.1 AAU Cable List AAU cables include a PGND cable, a power cable, and a CPRI optical fiber. Table 1-6 lists AAU cables. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 15 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Table 1-6 Cable list Cable One End The Other End Connector Installation Position Connector Installation Position 1.3.2 AAU PGND Cable OT terminal (M6) Ground terminal on the passive antenna OT terminal (M8) External ground bar 1.3.3 AAU Power Cable Outdoor quicklock power connector PWR port Depending on the power equipment Power equipment 1.3.4 CPRI Optical Fiber DLC connector CPRI0/CPRI1 port DLC connector CPRI (SFP) port on the BBU 1.3.2 AAU PGND Cable This section describes the exterior and specifications of an AAU PGND cable. An AAU PGND cable connects an AAU and a ground bar to properly ground the AAU. Figure 1-11 shows its exterior. Figure 1-11 Exterior of a PGND cable (1) OT terminal (M6, 16 mm2 or 0.025 in.2) (2) OT terminal (M8, 16 mm2 or 0.025 in.2) NOTE If the customer prepares a PGND cable, a copper-core cable with a minimum crosssectional area of 16 mm2 (0.025 in.2) is recommended. 1.3.3 AAU Power Cable An AAU power cable is a –48 V DC shielded cable that feeds –48 V DC power into an AAU. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 16 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description NOTE ● The maximum distance supported by an AAU power cable is 100 m (328.08 ft). Contact Huawei engineers when an AAU power cable longer than 100 m (328.08 ft) is required. ● If a power device is provided by the customer, the recommended specification of the circuit breaker on this power device is 40 A. Exterior The connector at one end of an AAU power cable is an outdoor quick-lock power connector and the connector at the other end depends on the power device. The two connectors must be prepared onsite. Figure 1-12 shows the exterior of an AAU power cable. Figure 1-12 AAU power cable (1) Outdoor quick-lock power connector (2) –48 V DC power cable Cable Description The outer diameter of an AAU power cable ranges from 9.9 mm to 16.4 mm (0.39 in. to 0.65 in.). The following tables describe the AAU power cable. Table 1-7 AAU power cable Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Cable Type Wire Name Wire Color in Most Regions (European Standard/North American Standard) Wire Color in Other Regions (UK) AAU power cable RTN(+) Brown/Black Blue NEG(-) Blue/Blue Gray Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 17 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Table 1-8 AAU power supply solutions and power cable specifications Power Module National Standard Remote Distance Wire Specification s OCB Quantity ● DCDU16D (-48 V) European standards 0 m to 70 m (0 ft to 229.66 ft) 10 mm2 (0.015 in.2) 0 71 m to 100 m (232.94 ft to 328.08 ft) 16 mm2 (0.025 in.2) 0 0 m to 70 m (0 ft to 229.66 ft) 10.5 mm2 (0.016 in.2) 0 71 m to 100 m (232.94 ft to 328.08 ft) 16.7 mm2 (0.026 in.2) 1 0 m to 70 m (0 ft to 229.66 ft) 6 mm2 (0.009 in.2) 0 71 m to 100 m (232.94 ft to 328.08 ft) 10 mm2 (0.015 in.2) 0 0 m to 100 m (0 ft to 328.08 ft) 8.2 mm2 (0.013 in.2) 0 ● APM5930 (-48 V) North American standards OPM200 (-57 V) European standards North American standards NOTE It is recommended that the AAU use the following power supply solutions: ● One DCDU16D with one group of power cables. For details about the input power specifications of the DCDU16D, see section "DCDU16D" in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Component Description. ● One APM5930 with one group of power cables. For details about the input power specifications of the APM5930, see section "APM5930 Hardware Description" in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Cabinet Description. ● One OPM200 with one group of power cables. For details about the input power specifications of the OPM200, see section "OPM200 User Guide" in Auxiliary Product Description. If the OCB is used, the wire specifications of the power cable between the DCDU16D and the OCB range from 6 mm2 (0.009 in.2) to 10.5 mm2 (0.016 in.2). For details about the OCB, see OCB-01M User Guide. 1.3.4 CPRI Optical Fiber Optical fibers are used to transmit eCPRI signals and must be used with SFP optical modules. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 18 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Exterior The CPRI optical fiber must be protected by an outdoor quick-lock optical fiber connector. Figure 1-13 and Figure 1-14 show the exteriors of the connector and the CPRI optical fiber, respectively. Figure 1-13 Exterior of an outdoor quick-lock optical fiber connector (1) CPRI optical fiber (2) Outdoor quick-lock optical fiber connector (3) Lever (4) Waterproof rubber plug (5) Nut - Figure 1-14 Exterior of a CPRI optical fiber (1) DLC connector (2) Breakout cable (3) Label on the breakout cable Signal Description Table 1-9 describes the labels on the DLC optical fiber. The connection positions in the table are recommended. Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 19 AAU5835f Hardware Description 1 AAU5835f Hardware Description Table 1-9 Labels on the DLC optical fiber Issue Draft A (2021-10-30) Label on the Breakout Cable Installation Position 1A CPRI RX port on the AAU 1B CPRI TX port on the AAU 2A TX port on the BBU 2B RX port on the BBU Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 20