Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Multiple Choice Justification
Multiple Choice: ​Answer all the questions carefully. Justify each question. (2 points each)
1. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that harvest energy from organic compounds to make ATP. ATP
is the main form of energy used by cells. Which cell organelles are responsible for making most of
the cell’s ATP?
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Chloroplasts
c.​Mitochondria
d. Lysosomes
I chose C because the mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell which
means it’s responsible for energy production of the cell. The other choices are
wrong because chloroplasts are responsible for the green pigment of plants,
lysosomes are responsible for digestion, endoplasmic reticulum has many roles
like protein synthesis and calcium storage, but there is no energy.
2. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the simplest to the
most complex?
a. Cell, tissue, organ system, organ
c. Tissue, organ, organ system, cell
b. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell
d​. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
I chose D because cells are basic units of life and every living thing starts from
there, when all cells come together they form a tissue, tissues then form together
to create an organ, the organ comes together to make the organ system.
3. What type of cell is shown above?
a. Prokaryotic
b. Eukaryotic
c. Plant
d. Animal
I chose A because the cell does not have the complex organelles like what a eukaryotic cell
should have.
4. Which of the following describes the fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
a. Eukaryotic cells are only found in protists, bacteria and viruses
b. Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
c. Eukaryotic cells are the only type of cells that can possess a cell wall
d. Prokaryotic cells are all viruses and rely on the infection of a host cell to replicate
I chose B because the main difference between an eukaryotic and prokaryotic is that eukaryotic
has a nucleus and prokaryotic has no nucleus and some eukaryotic cells don’t have cell walls and
mostly animals are eukaryotes.
5. Which of the following can be found in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
I.
DNA
II.
Mitochondria
III.
RNA
IV.
Ribosomes
V.
Nucleus
VI.
Vacuoles
a. III, IV and V only
c. I, III and IV only
b. I, II and III only
d.​I and IV only
6. How does the DNA in prokaryotic cells differ from the DNA in eukaryotic cells?
I.
Prokaryotic DNA contains uracil instead of thymine.
II.
Prokaryotic DNA is not separated from the rest of the cell by a nuclear membrane.
III.
Prokaryotic DNA is not packaged into chromosomes.
IV.
Prokaryotic DNA cannot be replicated
a. II and III only
b. I, II and III only
c. I and II only
d. III and IV only
I chose A because Prokaryotic DNA and chromosomes are unorganized and all over the
place because they don’t have a nucleus.
7. Some of the characteristics to help classify the Euglena as a protist are labeled in the picture
below. The presence of a nucleus suggest that Euglena are
a. Eukaryotic
Heterotrophic
b. Multicellular
c.
d. Prokaryotic
I chose A because in the picture I noticed a nucleus and
remembered that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
8. Which of the following is NOT the principle of cell theory?
a. Cells are the basic units of life
c.​Very few cells are able to reproduce
b. All living things are made of cells
d. All cells are produced from pre-existing
cells
I chose C because if only a few cells were able to reproduce, there would barely
be any cells in this world let alone a living organism.
9. As cells increase in size, surface area to volume ratio ____
a. Multiplies
b. Duplicates
c. Decreases
d.​Increases
I chose D because if a cell is increasing, that means every part of the cell should increase
and there should be any imbalance.
10. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, mitochondria or other membrane-bound organelles,
but they can posses
a. A cell membrane
b. Ribosomes
c. Cytoplasm
d.​All of these
I chose D because cell membranes are basically the skin of cells and protects the
organelles , and Ribosomes’s job is to create protein and cells need protein in
order to survive, Cytoplasm aid in metabolic activity and break down food using
enzymes which is what all cells need to live.