A COMBINE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT
ANTIBODIES AND THEIR RESISTANCE
A project report
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
NISHANT YADAV
(MAU20BPH059)
Under the Supervision of
Mr. Pankaj Kalia
Assistant Professor (subject)
Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy
Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy
MAHARAJA AGRASEN UNIVERSITY
ATAL SHIKSHA KUNJ, KALUJHANDA
BAROTIWALA (SOLAN) – 174103 (H.P.), INDIA
DECEMBER, 2023
DECLARATION
It is certified that the project entitled, “A combine evaluation of different antibodies and
their resistance” is a bonafide work carried out by Nishant Yadav at Maharaja Agrasen
School of Pharmacy, Maharaja Agrasen University under the supervision of Mr. Pankaj
Kalia. The matter embodied in the project has not been submitted for the award of any other
degree. I declare that I have faithfully acknowledged and given credits to the research
workers wherever their works have been cited in my work in this project work. I further
declare that I have not wilfully copied any other’s work, paragraphs, text, data, results etc.
reported in journals, books, magazines, dissertation, thesis etc. or available at website and
have not included them in this project work and not cited as my own work.
Date:
Place:
Nishant Yadav
i
Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy
MAHARAJA AGRASEN UNIVERSITY
BADDI, SOLAN (H.P.) - 174103
CERTIFICATE
It is certified that the present work contained in the project titled “A combine evaluation of
different antibodies and their resistance” has been carried out by Nishant Yadav under my
direct supervision and guidance, the finding of which have been incorporated in this
dissertation. He has carried out his studies very sincerely, meticulously and methodically.
It gives me immense pleasure and satisfaction in forwarding his thesis for the award of Bachelor
of Pharmacy.
Supervisor
Mr. Pankaj Kalia
ii
Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy
MAHARAJA AGRASEN UNIVERSITY
BADDI, SOLAN (H.P.) - 174103
Ref. No.
Date:
CERTIFICATE
It is certified that Nishant Yadav has worked for his project work on the titled “A combine
evaluation of different antibodies and their resistance” under the supervision of Mr.
Pankaj Kalia. This is an original work and all the help taken during the course of the study
has been duly acknowledged.
I find it worthy of submission his project work for the award of Bachelor of Pharmacy.
Director
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I convey my gratitude to my esteemed supervisor, Mr. Pankaj Kalia, Assistant Professor
(Pharmacognosy) Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy, Maharaja Agrasen University,
Baddi, India. This work could have almost not viable without his consistent guidance,
supports and regular encouragement.
I gratefully thank Director, HODs, all the supporting teaching and non-teaching staff
members, Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi,
India, for providing healthy research environment to carry out my project work, in this
pioneer institution.
My sincere thanks go to my dear seniors and friends for their unconditional support and
encouragement.
And above all, special thanks to my family members for their divine blessings, affection,
patience and confidence in me, which helped me to complete the present work successfully.
This Project work would not have been possible without guidance and help of several
individuals, who, in several possible ways contributed and extended their valuable support for
this study.
Nishant Yadav
iv
Contents
Sr. No.
Topic
Page No.
1.
Introduction
1-2
2.
Review of Literature
3-17
3.
Aim and Objective
18
4.
Reference
19
v
List of Tables
Sr. No.
1.
Table No.
Table-1
Description
Classes of antibiotics and their properties
vi
Page No.
4
List of Figures
Sr. No.
Figure No.
Description
1.
1
Penicillin
3
2.
2
Structure of penicillin
4
3.
3
Sir Alexander Fleming
4
vii
Page No.