Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Division of Misamis Oriental
BALINGASAG NORTHDISTRICT
BALINGASAG CENTRAL SCHOOL
COT DLP Science 4
SUBJECT
TOPIC
DATE
TIME ALLOTMENT
TEACHER
LEARNING
COMPETENCY
I. OBJECTIVE
Science IV
Harmful Interactions Among Living Things
March 8, 2020
50 minutes
CRISTINA M. VILLAGANAS
Describe certain types of harmful interactions among living things.
( S4LT-IIi-j-16)
1. Describe certain types of harmful interactions among living things.
( S4LT-IIi-j-16)
2.Identify the harmful types of interactions in the environment.
3. Describe the effects of harmful interactions in the environment
II. A. MATERIALS
Drawing or video clips of:
- Bird eating worms
B. References
- Aphids and rose
- Lions attacking a bufalo
Manila paper, marker
Science Learner’s Materials pp. 156-159
C. Process Skills
D. Values Integration Science Teacher’s Guide 4 pp. 194-199
Describing, experimenting, observing, classifying, inferring
Caring for the living things.
Sensitivity to the needs of others.
III. A. ENGAGE (Get the pupils’ minds focused on the topic)
1. Drill: Read the questions carefully then give the correct answer.
a. What do you call the type of interaction where both organisms benefit from each other?
Answer: Mutualism
b. Is there an interaction between ducks and cows?
Answer: None
c. Which of the following examples of living things in an ecosystem show mutualism?
Answer: Ants and aphids
2. Review: Describe the type of interaction that exists among the organisms below.
a. Bees obtaining nectar from the flowers
Interaction: Mutualisms
Importance: They both benefit from the interaction, bees sip
the nectar of the flower. Pollen of the flower will be
transferred to another flower.
b. Shark and remoras swimming beside it.
Interaction: Commensalism
Importance: They both benefit from each. The remoras is
getting its food and shark gets no benefits.
c. A boy feeding his dog
Interaction: Commensalism
Importance: The dog benefits from the interaction , the
boy get no benefit.
B. EXPLORE ( Provide pupils with a common experience)
1. Recall of standards in performing the activity.
a. Follow the standards in performing activity.
b. Go to your assigned group.
c. identify the organisms that you see in the video clips/drawings
d. Observe and write in your notebook the types of interactions that exist between the birds and the
worms, between the aphids and a rose plant and between the lions and a buffalo. Refer to the guide
questions below the pictures.
e. Discuss the results with your group mates and come up with the group’s answers.
f. Write your observations in the data table.
g. As soon as your are done, shout the group’s name.
h. Post your output on the board and get ready to discuss the findings.
2. Ask pupils to perform Lesson 41: LM Activity 1: “Is it Harmful?”
Organism 1
birds
Organisms 2
worms
Data Table
Type of Interaction
predation
Description of the Type of Interaction
This type of relationship is beneficial to
one but harmful to other.
aphids
Rose plant
parasitism
This is a kind of interaction where one
organism benefits and the other is badly
affected.
lions
buffalo
Predation /competition
This type of interaction where lions
compete to get the foods for survival.
This interaction is harmful to both
competing species.
C. EXPLAIN (Teach the concept. Should include interaction between teacher and pupils)
1. Allow time for the pupils/group presentation.
2. Give feedback after all the groups have presented their outputs .
3. Discuss, the answers to the different guide questions and give additional information
whenever necessary.
Birds and Worms
Guide Questions:
Expected Answers:
1. What do birds do with worms?
(Birds eat the worms.)
2. Do worms get something from the birds?
(No)
3. What organism benefited in the interaction? (Birds benefit in the interaction while worms
are harmed/eaten.)
4. Which organism is badly affected?
(worms)
5. How can you describe the interaction
(One organism benefits while the other ne is
between the birds and the worms?
harmed.)
The type of interaction where one benefits while the other one is harmed or badly affected is
called predation. The one that usually benefits is called predator and the one that is harmed is called the
prey. This type of interaction is also called the predator-prey relationship.
The sizes of predator and the prey population are related to each other. If the number of prey is
large, the number of predators increases. As predators feed upon the prey, the number begins to
decrease. The number of predators decreases, since they have a smaller food supply.
Aphids and a Rose Plant
Guide Question:
Expected Answers:
1. What is an aphids?
(It is a louse that lives on plants.)
What do aphids with the leaves of roses? (They suck the juices of the leaves.)
2. What will happen with the leaves of the rose? (The leaves will fall and eventually the plant will die.)
3. Which one is badly affected?
(leaves of a rose plant)
Which one benefits from the interaction?
(aphids)
4. How can you describe the type of interaction between aphids and a rose plant? (One organism
benefits from the interaction while the other one is harmed or badly affected.)
Explain that this type of interaction is called parasitism The organisms that usually benefit from
this interaction are called the parasites and the one that is affected is called the host. The parasites could
be internal or external parasites. The internal parasites are those found inside the body of a host like the
safaris in the human stomach. The external parasites are those found outside the body of the host like
aphids and the tick in a dog’s body. Parasites cannot live alone. They must live in a living host. Some
parasites do slight harm to their host. Others can kill their host.
Lions and a Buffalo
Guide Questions
Expected Answers:
1. What animals are involved in this type of interaction?
(lions and buffalo)
2. Which organism is badly affected?
(buffalo)
3. Are there interactions among the lions?
(yes)
4. Will they be affected by their interaction with each other? (yes)
Why?
( varied answers)
5. Why is this type of interaction among lions harmful?
(If the number of buffalo decreases, the
number of lions will also decrease).
6. Since lions compete with otger to get foods, how are they called? (competitors)
7. How can you describe the type of interaction among these lions? (Lions are all affected. This
interaction is harmful to both competing species.)
Explain to the class that this type of interaction is also harmful. The interaction between the buffalo and
the lion is also called predation and the interactions between the lions are called competition.
Competition is striving or vying between organisms for the living things needed for survival. Organisms
may compete for food, sunshine, space, shelter, water and other things that they need for survival. Each
organism in this kind of relationship is a competitor.
4. Provide additional input.
Based on our activities, how can you describe the interaction that exists between the birds and the
worms? How about the aphids and a rose plant? Lions and a buffalo? What may happen due to these
type of interaction? Why? Do these types of interaction also happen to us? How would you feel if you
were hurt by your playmates? Why? How should we live our life?
Expected answer:
Birds and worms: (in this interaction, the bird (predator) kills the worms (prey) before or during the
eating process. It means that this type of relationship is beneficial to one but harmful to other.)
Aphids and a rose plant: (Aphids are the lice that live on plants and suck their juices. They are tiny
white cotton-like spots underneath the eaves of roses. After sometimes, the leaves fall and eventually die
This is kind of interaction where one organism benefits and the other is badly affected.)
Lions and a buffalo: (It is a type of interaction where lions compete to get foods for survival. This
interaction is harmful to both competing species.)
D. ELABORATE (Pupils apply the information)
A. Activity: Greatest of Them All
Say:
I’m going to divide you into according to your talent. Those who are good in music, I will
call your group “Mighty Predators”, those who are good in speaking will be “Great
Parasites” an and those who are good in drawing will be group ”Power Competitors”. You
will prepare the assigned task for 10 minutes then prepare for a short presentation after all
groups are done with the different tasks.
B. Activity:
Perform the activity below.
Direction: Copy the table in your notebook. Write the type and the description of
relationship that exists between and among organisms.
Living things
Type of harmful interaction
Fleas on the dog’s body
Parasitism
Too many plants in a pot
Competitor
Foxes feeding on rabbits
Predator
Description of the type of
interaction
This is a kind of interaction
where one organism benefits
and the other is badly
affected.
It is a type of interaction
where plants compete to get
foods for survival. This
interaction is harmful to
both competing species.
One organism benefits while
the other one is harmed.
E. EVALUATION (How will you know the pupils have learned the concepts)
Directions: Select at least five pairs of organisms. What relationships do they have? For the organisms which
are paired already, just write these organisms in the data table and give also the type of relationship and its
description.
IV. Assignment :
Visit your community . Observe and write at least three harmful interactions among living things that
you could find. Prepare your observation as shown below.
Descriptions of the Harmful Interactions among Organisms in the Environment
Organism
Type of Interaction
Description of the interaction that exists
between or
among the organisms.
1. cat eating on a rat
predator
It is type of interaction where cat competes
to get foods for survival. This interaction is
harmful to both competing species
2. louse on a human’s head
parasitism
Louse is a parasite slightly harm to
human’s head.
3. aphids and petunia
parasitism
This is a kind of interaction where one
organism benefits and the other is badly
affected.
References:
 Science 4 Teacher’s Guide , pp.193-199
 Science 4 Learner’s Material pp. 156-159
 MELC (Most Essential Learning Curriculum Guide 4)
 https://www.pexels.com
 Torchbrowser.com ( youtube)
Strategies:
 Applying id-TELA ( Interactive Quiz)
 Differentiated Instruction ( Creative Presentation)
 Video Presentation
 Modelling
Prepared by:
Observed by:
CRISTINA M. VILLAGANAS
Teacher III
EMERE C. JENISAN,Ph.D.
Principal II