NAME………………………………….……ADM NO. ……………CLASS……. SCHOOL ………………………………………………... 231/1 BIOLOGY PAPER 1 Time: 2 HOURS July/August 2023 MOKASA II JOINT EVALUATION EXAMINATION Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Answer ALL the questions. Answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper. Additional pages must not be inserted. The paper consists of 13 printed pages. FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY Question Maximum score 1-32 80 1|Page Candidate’s score 1. Other than observing, name one other scientific skill developed by studying biology. (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Name the branch of Biology that deals with the study of phylogenetic relationship among Organisms. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. State three structural adaptations of the Red blood cell to its function. (3marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. The following is a transverse section from a young root (a)(i) Name parts Q and U (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. (ii) With a reason, name the class of the plant from which the root was obtained (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2|Page (b) State the function of the part labelled Q (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. A little starch solution was kept in a water bath at 37ºC. After a few minutes, the same volume of saliva was added. The experiment was left to stand for 15minutes. The mixture was then tested with Benedict’s solution. a) What would you do to the mixture after adding Benedict’s solution in order to get the valid results? (1mark) ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… b) What final color would the solution change to? (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……… c) If you added iodine instead of Benedict’s solution to the mixture of saliva and starch, what colour would the solution have? (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.A patient complained of frequent thirst. A sample of the patient’s urine was found not to have any sugar. (a)Name the hormone the person was deficient of. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………… (b)Name the gland that secretes the above hormone. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………… 7. State the advantage of desert animals excreting their nitrogenous waste in form of urea and not ammonia. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. In an investigation, the pancreatic duct of a mammal was blocked. It was found that the blood sugar regulation remained normal while, food digestion was impaired. Explain these observations. (2 marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3|Page 9. Explain why glucose does not appear in urine of a healthy person even though it is filtered in the Bowman’s capsule of a mammal. (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. Explain why Lamarck’s theory of evolution is not accepted by biologists today (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11. Distinguish between survival of the fittest and struggle for existence (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12. The diagram below illustrates a U-tube whose arms are separated by a membrane that allows water molecules only to pass. a) State how the levels of the liquids in the arms would be after several hours. (1mark) Arm A …………………………………………………………………………….. Arm B ……………………………………………………………………………... 4|Page b) Explain the process taking place in the arms of the U-tube (3marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. The equation below represents a physiological process that occur in plants. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 a) Name two conditions necessary for the process to occur (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………. b) Identify two adaptations of the leaf for the process indicated by the equation above. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... 14. (a)Explain the observation made on the shoot when a seedling is placed on a horizontal position (3marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… b) Black ants will always move to where there is sugar.name the response (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5|Page 15. The diagram below shows a nerve cell. Study it and answer the question that follow. a) Identify the type of neurone (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………… b) Give reasons for your answer in 17 (a) above (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… c) On the diagram, Indicate the direction of flow of impulse (1mark) 16. The diagram below is simple illustration of central nervous system and nerve supply system to the arm. The parts A, B, C and D represents points of which he nervous system can be blocked. 6|Page Identify the part that is blocked when a) The hand is withdrawn but no pain is felt (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… b) The pain is felt and the hand is withdrawn (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… c) The pain is felt but the hand cannot be withdrawn (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… d) The pain is not felt but the hand can be withdrawn at will (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17. Explain how knowledge of genetics can be applied in blood grouping and transfusion. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18. The table below is a representation of a chromatid with genes along its length. It undergoes mutation to appear as shown below. Before Mutation L M N O P Q After mutation L O N M P Q a) Name the type of chromosomal mutation represented (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… b) Name one mutagenic agent (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7|Page 19. A certain species of a flowering plant has 23 chromosomes in the somatic cells. State and explain the number of chromosomes present in the endosperm nucleus. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20. The diagram below represents a stage in cell division. Study it and answer the questions that follow a) Identify the stage of cell division shown in the diagram above (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… b) Give a reason for your answer in 22 (a) above (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8|Page 21. The diagram below illustrates a mature embryo sac. a) Name the structures labelled: (2marks) A.............................................................................................................................................. B.............................................................................................................................................. b) What does structure C to transform after fertilization (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22. Explain why pregnancy is not lost after the first trimester even if the ovaries are removed . (3marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23. Identify two adaptations of a gaseous exchange surface (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9|Page 24. (a) Identify the function following parts of a microscope (2marks) (i)Diaphragm ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… (ii)Condenser ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… (b)Explain the term resolution as used in microscopy (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25. Name two supportive tissues in plants that are lignified (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 26. The diagram below represents nitrogen circulation in an ecosystem. 10 | P a g e (a) Identify the following organisms (3marks) A …………………………………………………………………………….. B …………………………………………………………………………….. (b) Name process E ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27. (a) Name the type of muscles found in the gut. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) Give one difference between the muscles above and the one found in the heart (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28. State two methods of preventing malaria. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29. A process that occurs in plants is represented by the equation below. C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Energy (a) Name the process. (1mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) State the economic importance of this process. (1mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30. State any two rules of binomial nomenclature. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 | P a g e 31. (a) Name the causative agents of the following human diseases (2 marks) (i) Bilharzia………………………………………………………………………………………… (ii)Amoebic Dysentery…………………………………………………………………………… (b) State three methods of controlling air pollution (3 marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………................................................. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... ........................................................................................................................................................... 32. The diagram below represents a bone and synovial joint. Use it to answer questions that follow. (a) Name the bone that articulates with bone labelled K anteriorly (1 mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) Name the part labeled N (1 mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………. (c) Identify the synovial joint above (1 mark) …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 | P a g e
