2022 ASME Code Update (B31.3,
B31.3, VIII-1, VIII-2, XIII, API 5791/ASME FFS-1)
August 9 - 11, 2022
|
Henry B. Gonzales Center
|
San Antonio, TX
BIO SLIDE
• Ranjan Nadarajah, Ph.D., P.E.
• Senior Fellow at Becht
• 30 years experience: (20 years at ExxonMobil Research & Engineering
and 10 years with Becht supporting refineries, chemical plants and
upstream facilities worldwide)
• Field of Expertise: Fixed Equipment and FFS Specialist (Mechanical SME
for Delayed Coking and Storage Tanks)
• Member: ASME Working Group on Design by Analysis and ASME
Working Group on Elevated Temperature Design and Former member of
API-650
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Introduction
• This update will focus on:
•
ASME B31.1 (issued September 30, 2020)
•
ASME B31.3 (issued June 18, 2021)
•
ASME Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 (issued July 1, 2021)
•
ASME Section XIII (issued July 1, 2021)
•
API 579-1 /ASME FFS-1 (Issued December 2021)
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ASME B31.1
•
Scope now aligns with
ASME Section I (Figures
100.1.2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8,
¶100.2)
•
For example, in the
earlier ASME B31.1 Code,
the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code
Section 1) had
jurisdiction up to the
only valve before the
turbine
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ASME B31.1
• New paragraph 101.2.6 on Required Pressure Containment of Relief
• Provision to be made to safely contain or relive any expected pressure
the piping may be subjected and if there is no protection, then then the
piping has to be designed to the highest subjected pressure
• Added provision “Ambient effects, including solar thermal heating, shall be
considered” to paragraph 101.3.2 Design Temperature
• Added paragraph 101.3.3 Design Minimum Temperature, which is the
lowest minimum temperature expected in service
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ASME B31.1
• Added paragraph 101.4.3 Ambient Temperature, and how it could impact
displacement stress analysis
• Added paragraph 101.5.5 Discharge Reactions, and this addresses that
piping design should consider fluid pressure and momentum effects during
normal operation and anticipated transients
• Added paragraph 101.9 Reduced Ductility Effects – This paragraph
addresses that ductility could be reduced during welding, heat treatment
etc. and the designer had to ensure adequate design margin is
incorporated since it could impact allowable stress
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ASME B31.1
•
Sustained (SL), occasional (SO), and expansion (SE) stress definitions revised in
¶104.8.1
2020 Edition
Prior Edition
•
General revision of terminology from “stresses” to “stress ranges”
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ASME B31.1
• Paragraph 127.4.1(d) clarifies the procedures to be followed if arc strikes
outside the area of the intended weld occur, including requirements for LPI
or MPI in P-No. 4, 5A, 5B, or 15E materials
• Paragraph 131 (Welding Preheat) and Paragraph 132 (PWHT) now allows
the use of ASME B31P (Heat Treatment for Fabrication Processes)
• New Paragraph 137.4.6 and 137.5.6 (Special Provisions for Testing) and
Paragraph 137.8 (Alternative to Hydrostatic and Pneumatic testing), allows
non-tested closure welds with inspection
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ASME B31.3
•
Paragraph 307 (Unlisted Valves) - Permission to determine pressuretemperature ratings in accordance with the method set forth in ASME
B16.34 was deleted
•
Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors (Paragraph 319 & Paragraph 320)
•
The approach to calculating flexibility factors and stress intensification factors for branch
connections was changed. There are definitions for in-plane, out-plane, and torsion
moments on both the run and branch leg. Branch leg calculations use the appropriate
branch flexibility and stress intensification factors and run leg calculations use the
appropriate run factors.
•
Appendix D, Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors, which provided methods for
calculating these factors, was removed. The 2020 edition refers to ASME B31J, Stress
Intensification Factors (i-Factors), Flexibility Factors (k-Factors), and Their Determination for
Metallic Piping Components, for calculating the factors.
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ASME B31.3
•
Impact Testing (Paragraph 323.2.2, Paragraph 323.3.1) - For most
carbon steels, impact testing during the welding procedure
qualification was changed from being required for the weldment for
design minimum temperatures below -29°C (-20°F). The new edition
requires
•
Impact testing of the weld metal for design minimum temperatures colder
than -18°C (0°F), except that impact testing of the weld metal is not required
when the filler metal specification requires impact testing at or colder than
the design minimum temperature
•
Impact testing of the weld metal and the HAZ of a procedure qualification
test coupon at or below the design minimum temperature
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ASME B31.3
•
Heat Treatment (Paragraph 330.1, Paragraph 331.1) - Added permission to use the
rules of ASME B31P, Standard Heat Treatments for Fabrication Processes, as an
alternative to the rules in the Code for preheating and heat treatment.
•
Chapter IX (Paragraph K3XX) (High Pressure Piping)
•
The basis for allowable stresses was changed from 0.67 x Sy to as much as 0.80 x Sy . The
allowable stress basis is now the same as ASME BPV Code, Section VIII, Division 3. The
margin against burst at design pressure is 1.732, and the lowest margin against through
thickness yielding during leak testing is 1.15.
•
For fatigue analysis in previous editions, the Code permitted either a stress versus number
of cycles (S/N) curve approach or a fracture mechanics approach. The Code now permits the
S/N curve approach only if it can be shown that the piping component will fail in a leakbefore-burst mode. Otherwise, the more rigorous fracture mechanics approach is required.
The fracture mechanics approach will be per ASME Div.3, Article KD-4.
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ASME Section VIII, Division 1
•
UG-36(a)(2) now permits U-2(g) for openings of other than circular,
elliptical, or obround (rather than only UG-101 proof test)
•
UG-125 through UG-140 – pressure relief device requirements are
transferred to Section XIII – Rules for Over Pressure Protection
•
Remaining Division 1 Overpressure Protection requirements are now in
UG-150 through UG-156
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ASME Section VIII, Division 1
•
New Mandatory Appendix 47 “Requirements for Pressure Vessel
Designers”
•
Introduces mandatory requirements for the individuals involved in the
design of pressure vessels and pressure vessels components
•
Defines: Designer, Engineer, and Certifying Engineer
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ASME Section VIII, Division 1
•
Certifying Engineer – an engineer or other technical professional duly accredited
and qualified to practice engineering activities as required by this Division. (P.E. or
P.Eng. plus 4 years experience in the design of pressure vessels)
•
Engineer – has a four-year degree and four or more years of experience in the
design of pressure vessels
•
Designer – an individual who is qualified to design pressure vessels in accordance
with the rules of this Division by demonstrated knowledge in Code requirements
and proficiency in selecting correct design formulas and appropriate values to be
used when preparing the design of a pressure vessel (two-year technician diploma
plus six years experience OR ten years experience with education requirements)
•
For outside of the USA and Canada, there are certain requirements for Certifying
Engineer, Engineer and Designer
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ASME Section VIII, Division 1
•
In lieu of the requirements shown in the earlier slide, the
manufacturer may implement alternative qualification for the
engineer or designer
•
One of the criteria is “the engineer with a degree shall have a
minimum number of years of experience defined by the
Manufacturer in the design of pressure vessel”
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ASME Section VIII, Division 1
• Table of Design Activities with additional qualification
requirements:
•
Numerical Analysis – additional 2 years experience plus
training
•
Fatigue Assessments – additional 2 years experience
•
Quick Actuating Closures – additional 2 years experience
•
U-2(g) – additional 2 years experience
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ASME Section VIII, Division 2
•
Paragraph 2.3 and Annexes 2-B (Guide for Certifying a Manufacturer’s
Report) and 2-J (Qualifications and Requirements for Certifying Engineers
and Designers) align requirements to VIII-1 Appendix 47
•
Annex 3-D, 3-D.3 – the equation for the stress-strain curve is revised to
identify the proportional limit
•
Paragraph 4.5.15 – Methods for evaluation Local Stresses in Shells, Formed
Heads, and Nozzles – ASME STP-074 (Author: Tony Paulin) has been added
as an acceptable method besides WRC-107 and WRC-297. Also, it is clarified
that the stresses in both the shell and the nozzle shall be checked
•
Paragraph 4.15.3. – Saddle Support for Horizontal Vessels – made the
calculations consistent with the original Zick procedure
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ASME Section VIII, Division 2
•
Paragraph 2.3 and Annexes 2-B (Guide for Certifying a Manufacturer’s
Report) and 2-J (Qualifications and Requirements for Certifying Engineers
and Designers) align requirements to VIII-1 Appendix 47
•
Annex 3-D, 3-D.3 – the equation for the stress-strain curve is revised to
identify the proportional limit
•
Paragraph 4.5.15 – Methods for evaluation Local Stresses in Shells, Formed
Heads, and Nozzles – ASME STP-074 (Author: Tony Paulin) has been added
as an acceptable method besides WRC-107 and WRC-297. Also, it is clarified
that the stresses in both the shell and the nozzle shall be checked.
•
Paragraph 4.15.3. – Saddle Support for Horizontal Vessels – made the
calculations consistent with the original Zick procedure
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ASME Section VIII, Division 2
•
Part 9 – pressure relief device requirements are transferred to Section
XIII and the remainder of the Part is reorganized
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ASME Section XIII
•
Brand new section that covers over pressure protection
•
This section addresses both relief devices and over pressure protection
system design
•
This Code took all the requirements from every Boiler Pressure Vessel Code
(Section 1, III, Section VIII) into one location
•
Part 1 contains the scope and general requirements of this Section
•
Part 2 contains the responsibilities for providing overpressure protection
•
Part 3 and 4 contains requirements for the design, materials, inspection,
testing, welding, and marking of pressure relief valves and rupture disks
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ASME Section XIII
•
Part 5, 6 and 7 contains requirements for the design, materials,
inspection, testing, welding, and marking of pin devices, non-reclosing
devices and pressure relief valves
•
Part 8 contains requirements for the use and marking of devices in
combination
•
Part 9 contains requirements for capacity and flow resistance
certification of pressure relief devices
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ASME Section XIII
•
Part 10 contains requirements concerning the use of the Certification
Mark
•
Part 11 contains requirements for open flow paths and vents
•
Part 12 contains requirements and guidelines for the installation of
pressure relief devices; these requirements and guidelines address only
the variables that affect the performance and pressure-relieving
function of the devices
•
Part 13 contains requirements for overpressure protection by system
design
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API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1
•
•
Published late December 2021
Summary of Changes runs 5 pages (lots of changes)
•
Annex 2D which his stress analysis overview for FFS assessment mostly
references VIII-2 Part 5
•
•
Fixed Elastic-Plastic coefficients for pipeline codes (ASME B31.4, B31.8
and B31.12)
Changes to Part 3 (Brittle Fracture)
•
Modified impact test exemptions for flanges to address recent changes to ASME VIII-1.
Pre 1989 forge SA-105 flange Curve B and heat treated flanges Curve C. Post 1989
forged flanges, Curve A and heat treated flanges Curve B
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API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1
•
Changes to Part 4 (General Corrosion)
•
Revised UT recommended UT grid spacing for scenarios when
corroded surface is not accessible for visual inspection – min(2 x
uniform thickness away from the LTA or 1 inch)
•
Included recommendations for validation of inspection results when
thickness readings are less than or equal to 2.5 mm (0.1 inches)
•
Appropriate Instrument calibration
•
Perform multiple form of NDE if possible
•
Inspection frequency to confirm damage progression rate
API INSPECTION & MECHANICAL INTEGRITY SUMMIT
API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1
• Part 9 (Crack-Like Flaws)
•
Redefined crack-like flaw interaction and recategorization
rules to reduce conservatism and for better alignment with
ASME Section XI.
•
Updates to Annex 9B (Stress Intensity Factor Solutions),
Annex 9C (Reference Stress Solution), Annex 9F (Updated
Master Curve Fracture Toughness Correlation for Carbon and
Low Alloy Steel), Annex 9H (Constraints Effects for Surface
Flaw), Annex 9J (Determination of Minimum Allowable
Temperature (MAT) using Fracture Mechanics Approach)
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API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1
• Part 10 (Creep Damage) – updated Level 1
screening curves to be consistent with results from
a Level 2 Assessment
• Revised Level 1 maximum permissible damage limit to
0.8 in the evaluation of multiple operating conditions
• Annex 10B – updated MPC Omega coefficients, WRC
541 Rev 3 Larson Miller coefficients
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API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1
•
Part 11 (Fire Damage) – extended the use of hardness testing to cover
carbo steel, low chrome, and stainless-steel materials
•
Part 12 (Dents, Gouges, and Dent-Gouge Combinations) – Updated
Level 1 and 2 procedures to align with the Pipeline Defect Assessment
Manual (PDAM)
•
Part 14 (Fatigue Damage) – updated fatigue screening Method C and D,
corrected plasticity correction factor Ke,k, elastic ratcheting procedure
re-written using Bree diagram, added closed form equation for smooth
bar fatigue curves and data for new materials
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Future Changes and Addition to Div.2
•
The Section on Protection Against Collapse from Buckling (Paragraph
5.4) has been completely re-written and the design margin have been
revised
•
A new section on high temperature design (creep regime) will be
included in Design by Analysis Section (Part 5)
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Thank You!
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