Types of Problem
Hypoxia
HYPOXEMIC • Inadequate oxygenation of
blood flowing though lungs
HYPOXIA
ANEMIC • Blood’s carrying capacity was
reduced due to:
HYPOXIA
CIRCULATORY
OR STAGNANT
HYPOXIA
HISTOTOXIC
HYPOXIA
• Reduced Hb or altered ability
of Hb to carry O2
Hb NV: 12-16 g/dL of blood
• Low Hb in the blood
• CO affinity for Hb is 200-250x
greater than the O2.
• Key factor: Don’t decrease O2
(even in hyperoxygenation)
until the SaO2 is on normal
level.
• Blood fails to deliver enough
O2 to tissues due to a reduced
flow in the area.
• The O2 content and carrying
capacity are normal but the
capillary perfusion is
diminished.
• Tissue fails to metabolize O2
due to some blocking agent.
• The oxidative enzyme
mechanism of the cell is
impaired.
Examples
1. High altitude sickness (low fiO2)– O2
treatment
2. Diffusion Defect (pulmonary edema,
atelectasis & pulmonary fibrosis) - O2
alone may not be beneficial.
3. V/Q mismatch - O2 alone may not be
beneficial.
4. Alveolar hypoventilation – O2 is not
beneficial
5. Alveolar hypoventilation – O2 is not
beneficial
6. R-L shunt - O2 is not beneficial
1. Decreased Hb level – Administering
packed RBCs
2. CO poisoning – 100% O2 via NRM
3. Excessive blood loss - Administering
packed RBCs
4. Methemoglobinemia (nitrite
poisoning) – methylene blue or
ascorbic acid
5. Anemia (Iron deficiency) – increase
iron intake and Administering packed
blood.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Decreased HR
Decreased CO
Shock
Embolism
1. Cyanide poisoning
2. Alcohol poisoning