Layers of Internet
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1.
Abstraction
a simplified representation of something more
complex. Abstractions allow you to hide
details to help you manage complexity, focus
on relevant concepts, and reason about
problems at a higher level.
2.
access point
(AP)
the computer or network device that serves
as an interface between devices and the
network
3.
ASCII
(American
Standard
Code for
Information
Interchange)
the universally recognized raw text format
that any computer can understand
4.
Bandwidth
Transmission capacity measure by bit rate
5.
Binary
A way of representing information using only
two options.
6.
Bit
A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the
single unit of information in a computer,
typically represented as a 0 or 1.
18.
IPv4
The Internet Protocol version 4 is the
dominant protocol for routing traffic on the
Internet, specifying "to" and "from" addresses
using a dotted decimal such as "122.45.255.0".
19.
IPV6
The Internet Protocol version 6 provides a
large number of new addresses to route
Internet traffic, using "from" and "to" addresses
written as colon-hexadecimal notation, such
as "fe80::42:acff:feaa:1bf0".
20.
Latency
Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender
to its receiver.
21.
Net
Neutrality
the principle that all Internet traffic should be
treated equally by Internet Service Providers.
22.
Network
Redundancy
having multiple backups to ensure reliability
during cases of high usage or failure
23.
Packet
Small chunks of information that have been
carefully formed from larger chunks of
information.
24.
Port number
A numeric value used as an identifier to
applications and services on TCP/IP systems.
25.
POST
A type of HTTP request that transmits data
from the client to the web server
26.
Protocol
A set of rules governing the exchange or
transmission of data between devices.
27.
Router
A type of computer that forwards data across
a network
28.
Routing
table
Instructions for which directions packets need
to be sent to
7.
Bit
binary digit
8.
Bit rate
the number of bits that are conveyed or
processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.
9.
client
A computer that requests data stored on a
server.
10.
DNS (Domain
Name
System)
translates domain names from and to IP
addresses
11.
Domain
An identifier that can be translated into an IP
address
29.
server
A computer that awaits and responds to
requests for data.
12.
GET
A type of HTTP request for contents of the
web page from a web server
30.
Status Code
a three-digit number that indicates the status
of the requested resource
13.
HTTP
(Hypertext
Transfer
Protocol)
the protocol used for transmitting web pages
over the Internet
31.
TCP
(Transmission
Control
Protocol)
provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked
delivery of a stream of packets on the
internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and
usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
14.
IETF (Internet
Engneering
Task Force)
develops and promotes voluntary Internet
standards and protocols, in particular, the
standards that comprise the Internet protocol
suite.
32.
URL
(Uniform
Resource
Locator)
An easy-to-remember address for calling a
web page (like www.code.org).
15.
Innovation
A new or improved data, device, product,
etc, or the development thereof
16.
Internet
A group of computers and servers that are
connected to each other.
17.
IP Address
A number assigned to any item that is
connected to the Internet.