Chapter 6 Aquatic Biodiversity + : Environmental Science AP
Overview by Way of A Few “Key Questions” +
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What are the Major factors determining biodiversity in aquatic systems? L-T-F- and - ?
(for the majority of Aquatic Life Zones)
• Why are Marine Ecosystems Important? + Ecosystems Services & Economic Services: a
sampling
• What are the Major Human Activities / Interventions / Impacts on Marine Ecosystems:
let’s start a list today:
• Why are Freshwater Ecosystems Important?
• What are the Major Human Activities / Interventions / Impacts on Freshwater
Ecosystems
Ch. 6 – Core Case Study: Why Should We Care about Coral Reefs?
• 6.1 the General Nature of Aquatic Systems and
• 6.2 Why are Marine Aquatic Systems Important?
• 6.3 How Have Humans Affected Marine Ecosystems
• 6.4 Why are Freshwater Ecosystems Important? and
• 6.5 How have Human Activities Affected Freshwater Ecosystems?
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• Coral? The Relationship:
• We have grown up knowing that Coral Reefs are the Tropical rainforests of the Oceans; How /
Why is this possible? Briefly Explain:
• What are the Major Stressors on Coral, globally / regionally?
• Ocean Acidification:
• Major Ocean Zones:
• What makes the Most Productive Ocean Zone So Productive?
• Major Oceanic Ecosystem Services include:
• Major Oceanic Economic Services include:
• Major Water Quality Parameters / Tests / factors: (you read about several, and we might add
to these . . .)
• Tossing Sockeye: Salmon & Trees (you know the story; this is short)
• Synthetic Sea:
• How I Fell In Love with a Fish: Dan Barber:
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Salt- & Fresh- Water Quality Test of D.O., what are the Big 5 Factors that DIRECTLY (not
indirectly) impact D.O. (review) ??
Aquatic Ecosystem Variety and Examples of Niche Specialization
Major Human Impacts on Marine Ecosystems:
Please Read 6.4 & 6.5, “making note of the following”:
Surface Water
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Lentic and Lotic freshwater body examples & “services” of each
Watershed “anatomy”
Ecosystem services of freshwater systems
Economic services of freshwater services
Lake Zones, w/ a brief description of each
Lake “Ages”: Lakes and Nutrients: Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic, Eutrophic
The Processes of Eutrophication and Cultural Eutrophication
Major Human Impacts on Lentic and Lotic Freshwater bodies
Devil Fish A o t Pacific Evening Lecture with Pen & PENN Graduate Mike Mitchell: you
were asked to watch up to the “Catfish Provision”
An Oligotrophic Lake description & perhaps a sketch (“in-ground side view”)
How does an Oligotrophic Lake become a Mesotrophic Lake?
How does a Mesotrophic Lake become a Eutrophic Lake?
Cultural Eutrophication: brief Description and the “Steps” or Phases in this Process: +
sequencing the following list of mixed steps + (60 seconds)
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A. Inflow of Nitrate /Phosphate-rich Effluent
B. Plant/Producer die-off/crash
C. Decline in dissolved oxygen levels
D. Decline in (“large”) aerobic organisms (reduced activity & numbers)
E. Increase in Anaerobic Bacteria numbers
F. Increase in Aerobic Bacteria numbers
G. Decrease in N / P levels in water (decrease in N/P for plant uptake)
H. Increase in Plant Growth / Producer growth (NPP increases) = Bloom / Algal
Bloom
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Floodplains: “anatomy”, a description, Ecol. & Econ. Services, Why We have historically
been “drawn” to them, potential concerns / Environmental Problems / challenges
Wetlands: types w/ brief descriptions, ecological services, economic services
Identify and describe three anthropogenic negative impacts on coastal wetlands.
Select one of the negative impacts noted above, and provide a description of one
environmental policy and one economic incentive that could potentially prevent that
anthropogenic negative impact.
Describe two roles that coastal wetlands play that are ecologically important.
Describe two roles that coastal wetlands play that are economically important.
Describe the two major causes for the variation in temperature and salinity in an estuary over
the course of time, from a given 24-hour period to a 12-month time period.