אא 106 106 א W،،אא،א א א א אא א א א א אאא،אאאאאא אאאאא אWאאאאאא K אא אאאאאאא א ،א אא א א א א א א א ، א،אאאא אאאאאאא אאאאא אאא،א Kאא،א א?אא?? ?אא Kאאאאאאא אאאאאאא ،א،אאאא Kאאאאא ؛ א א א א Kא אאאא 106 א אאא{ אאאאא אאאאK אאא א א{ אא{ אאאאאאא א Kאאאאאאאאא אאאא{ אאאא א אאאאאא{אאאאאא אא{ אאאא {א אא אא{ אא{א Wא KאאאאאWאא KאאאאWאא KKאWאא אאWאאא אאאאאWאא אאאWאא א{אאא א{אא א K אאאאאא{ אKאא{ אאא Kאאאא אאאאא אאאאא 1 אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאאWאא KאאאאאאאWאא WאאאאWאא Kאאא • Kאאאאאאאא • K٪100אאאWאאא Wאא Wאא Kא • Kאא • Kאא• א KאאאאWאא -1- אא 106 א אאאאא אאאW א{ אאאאאאא Wאאאא { אJ 1– 1 {אאאאא{אא אאא{אא Wאאא{ 60C40א• א 85C60א• א 120C80א• א KאE1Fא אE1Fא אאJ 2–1 Wאאאאאאא Kא • -2- אא 106 א אאאאא Kא • K • • KEאF • {J 110،90،75J אא 0.841C1,189 ، אאא Kאאאא{(A0) E2F (A0)אאE2F אאJ 3–1 Wאאאא KE3FFאאאא • KE3Fאאאא • KE0.9J 0.5J 0.3Fאאאאא • -3- אא 106 א אאאאא {E א،א،א،אFאא F{ אא אאא א KאאאE4FאKE אאאאE3F אאE4F אJ 4–1 אאאא{ אאאא { אאאאא{ Wא -4- אא 106 א אאאאא Kא90–45–45 • Kא90–60–30 • Kאא • J WאאאאE5Fא 9045J 45 J 906030 J 9045J 45 אאE5F J 906030 J אJ א -5- אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאJ 5–1 { אאאאאאא { אאאא { אאאא Wא E120،100،90،75،60،45FאETF • {(Parallel KE6F אאא Slide Rule) • { אאא {EDrafting KE7F Machine)אא • { אא{ אא אא{ אאאא KE8F { אא {E9F א KE10F{ ETFאאאE6F -6- אא 106 א אאאאא אאאE7F אאE8F E9F -7- אא 106 א אאאאא A3E10F אאJ 6–1 { א א { אאאא{50،30،20א W K{אאאאא • Kאאאאא • KאאאאE11Fא אאE11F -8- אא 106 א אאאאא WאJ 7–1 א، א אאא WאKאאאא E12F{אאא• א KE12F{א • KEFא • E12F{אא• א אאE12Fא אJ 8–1 Wאא K180אא • K360אא • אאאE13Fא -9- אא 106 א אאאאא אאE13F אJ 9–1 {אא אא E14FKאא אאE14F אJ 10–1 אאאאא אא{ א E15FKאאא - 10 - אא 106 א אאאאא אE15F WאJ 11–1 Wאאאאאאאא { אאאאאאאאW א• א KאאאKאא { אאאWEאאFא • Kאאאאאא KאאאWאא• א KאאאאE16Fא EאאFאJ 12–1 {אאאא אאא{ אא אאE17Fא{ אאא{ א Kאא - 11 - אא 106 א אאאאא אאE16F אאE17F אאJ 13–1 אא א אא אא WאאאE200L1{100L1{50L1F{א{ KE18F{אא • KE19F{אאאא • - 12 - אא 106 א אאאאא KE20F{אא • KE21FJ א–אJ אא • KE22F{א • K{ אאאאאא • KE23F אE18F אאאאE19F אאE20F - 13 - אא 106 א אאאאא א–אJ אאE21F אE22F אE23F - 14 - אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאאW {אא אא{ אאאאא אא{ אא{א Kאאא{אאא אאאאאאאאאא Kאאא אאJ 1–2 אאאאאאאאא Wא Kאאאאאא • {אאאא• א Kאאאאאא { אאאא • Kאאא{אא א{אא א • Kאאאאאאאאא Wאאאאאאא • אא{אאאJ 1 Kא{אאJ 2 א אאאא{ אאJ Kא 3 KאאאאאE24Fא - 15 - אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאאE24F אאאJ 2–2 –Fאאאאא אאאאאאאE–א–– Wאאא אאJ 1–2–2 { אאאא אאאא { אאאא אאאאאא{א KE25F אאE25F - 16 - אא 106 א אאאאא אאJ 2–2–2 { אא אא אאאאאא אא אK אאא E26F אאE26F אאJ 3–2–2 60L30א45אאאאא אאאאאאאK א אאאאE27FאK Kא אאאאאאE27F - 17 - אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאJ 4–2–2 { אאאאאאא אאאא{אאא {אאK אאא KE28Fא{אא אאאאאE28F EאאאFאאאJ 5–2–2 אאאאא{אאא Kא{א - 18 - אאאא אאאא 2 אא 106 א אאאא אאאאJ Wאא אא{אא{אאWאא Kאאא WאאWאא אאאאא• א אאאאאאא• א ٪100אאאWאאא KWאא Wאא אא • א • א• א אאאאWאא - 19 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאW אאאאאא אאאאא אאK אאאא א { א{א אאאאאE29FאK E30Fא{ אאאאאאא Kאאאאא אאאאאאא E29F - 20 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאE30F - 21 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאW א אאאאאאא Wאאא אאאא1J 2 אאאאאאאא J אא J אאJ אאאא אKK……אאא אאאא1J 1J 2 אאאאאאאאE32Fא Kא אE31F - 22 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאE32F אאאאא2–1–2 אאאאאאאE33Fא אאאאאא אאאאאאE33F - 23 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאא3–1–2 אאאא E34Fא א אאאאאאE34F אאאא4–1–2 אאאאא אאאE35Fא אא אאאאE35F - 24 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאאאE35F אא אאא אא א Chest א Bed א Sofa Love Seat Sink Burners Refrig. Dryer Desk Washer Spinet Built-In Baby Grand Dinette א Round Coffee Table Bookcase אאE1F - 25 - Chair אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאאJ 2–2 אאאאאאE36Fא ( اﻟﺮﻣﻮز واﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺎت اﻷﺑﻮاب واﻟﺸﺒﺎﺑﻴﻚ36 ) ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ - 26 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאJ 3– 2 אאאאאאאE37Fא אאאאאא אאאאE37F - 27 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאE37F אאE37F - 28 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאJ 4–2 אאאאאאאE38Fא אא אאאאE38F - 29 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאJ 5–2 אאאאא אאאא אאאE39Fאאאא אאאאאאא אאאאE39F אאאא - 30 - א א 3 אא 106 א א אאא FאאאאאWאא Eא אאאאאאאאWאא אאאאא ٪100אאאWאאא Wאא Wאא א • אא• א אא • אאאאWאא - 31 - אא 106 א א אאאWא אאא אאא א אאאא א WאאJ 1J 1 אW אא • EK……50:1100:1200:1Fאאא W אא • K אאאאאאא { אאא{ אאאאא אא{אאא Kא W100:1אאא Kאא • אאאא • אאאא • אא{ אאאאאא { אאא K אאאאא KאאE40Fא - 32 - אא 106 א א אאאE40F WאאJ 2–1 Wאאאאאא EFאא • אאאא • EאFא • אאאא • אאE1Fאאאאא • אאאאאא אא א א אאZא2 500W1 א אאZא5 200W1 אאZא10 100W1 אאZא10 100W1 אא אאZא20 50W1 אאא אאZא50 20W1 אאZא100 10W1 אZא200 5W1 א - 33 - א א א אא 106 א א אאאE2F אאאאאאW אא1–2 אאאE2Fא אאא אא 10Z 10Z 10Z 1000Z אאאE3F אאאאאJ 2–2 אאאאאאאE3Fא אא א 0.03937 1 0.3937 1 39.37 1 0.6214 1 אאאאאE4F - 34 - אא 106 א א אאאאאJ 3–2 אאאאאאאE4Fא אא אא 1.6093 1 0.9144 1 30,48 1 25.4 1 אאאאאאאE5F - 35 - אא א א 4 32 - אאא אא 106 א אאאאא אאאאאאWאא אאא WאאWאא אאאאEאFאא • אאאא • ٪100אאאWאאא E12FWאא Wאא א • אא • אא• א KאאאאWאא - 36 - אאא אא 106 א EאFאאW אא אאאאא EFאאאא אאאאאא אאאאFאאאאאא Eא EאאFאאJ 1–1 Wאאאאאא אFאאKאאאאJ 1 KאאאאEאאאאא אאאאJ 2 Kאאא א،אא אJ 3 Wאאא אא• א אא• א אא• א אא• א E42FאאאאאE41F א אאאאאאאאאא Eאא16אFא - 37 - אאא 106 אא א אאJ 2אאאאJ 1 אאJ 3 אאאאE41F אאאאאאאE42F - 38 - אאא אא 106 אאאW א Tאאאאא אא E43Fא אא60L3045א E44Fאא60L30אTא אאאE43F אאאE44F - 39 - אאא 106 אא א אאאא1–2 WאJ 1 EHorizontial Line)א • EMeasure EVertical LineFא • Length and Width linesFאא • אאאא E3060J 3045Fאאא ،אFאאאא אJ 2 אEא،א אאאאא J 3 אאאאאE45F אאאא אאא אאאE45F - 40 - אאאא אאאאאא 5 אא 106 אאאא א אאאאאאWאא אאאאאאאWאא EאFאאאאאאא WאאאאאWאא אא • –אאJ אאFאאאא • Eא ٪100אאאאWאאא E24FE5FWאא Wאא א • אא• א אא • אאאאWאא - 41 - אא 106 אאאא א אאW Wאאא E(Presentation Drawingsא• א אאאא אK אאאKEאFאא K אאאאאאאא אאאאאאאF אא KEא E(Working Drawingsא• א אאאאאאא K אאאא{ א אאא Kאא אא אאJ 1–1 אאאאאאאE46Fא אאאאא אאא אאאאE47FאאאK Kאא - 42 - אא אאאא 106 א אאאאאאאE46F - 43 - אא אאאא 106 א אאאאאאE47F אאJ 2–1 א אאאאאא E48Fאאאא120 אאאאאאא אאאאאאE48F - 44 - אא 106 אאאא א Wאאא Wאאאאא אאאאאJ 1 אאא J 2 אא40،50א • K20،35 7.5Z2LE35–50FZאא• א 10Z2LE20–40FZאאא E4H - 6HFאאא • אאאאאאאאאJ 3 E4H-6HF E4H-6HFאאאאאאJ 4 אאאאאא אJ 5 HBFא0.90.7 אאאא אא0.5אאא אאאאאא אאאE51FE49Fאא אאאאאאאאא E49F - 45 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאE50F ( ﺭﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ ﻭﻓﺭﺵ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﺒﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻤﺎﺕ51) ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ אאJ 3J 1 אאאא Kאאאאא E52Fאאאאא אאאאאא אאא אאאאאאאאאאאא E53Fאאאאאאאא - 46 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאE52F אאאE53F אאא Wאאאאאאאאא - 47 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאא K1 א אא אאאאאא K2 א4H-6Hאאאאאאאא אאאא אאאאאאאא K3 אאאאאאאאא 4H-6Hא א אאאאאאא K4 אאאאאאאא אאאאE54Fא אאאאE54F - 48 - אא 106 אאאא א אJ 4–1 א אאא א אאאאאאאאאאא אא E55Fאאאא אאאאאא אאאאE55F אאJ 1J 4–א Wאא Full Sectionא אK1 Partial Sectionא אK2 Details Sectionא אK3 אאא–2J 4–1 Wאאאאא - 49 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאJ 1 {אאאאJ 2 Wאאאאאא אאאאאאא • אאאא • אאאא • אאא • אאאאאאאאאJ אאJ H20.5אאא אאJ 3 4 5 H0,9אאאאאאאאאא {E56FאאאHB0,9אאא אאאE57Fא . אWאאE56F - 50 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאE57F - 51 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאW E(Floor Plansאא1–2 אאJ 1J 1–2 אאאאא אאאאאאא{אא{א א KE אFא K אאאאא{ א{{ אא אאאאE58Fא אאאאE58F אאJ 2–1J 2 Wאאאאאאא - 52 - אא אאאא 106 א אאאאאא • אאאאא Kאאאאאאאא • אא• א Kאאאאאאאא • EאאFאאא • אא • אאא • EאFאא • אאאא • אאאא • אא • אאאא• א אאאאאאא • א{ אאאא • אK אאאא Wאאא{8א{2 אאJ 1 אJ 2 אאאאJ 3 אאאאאאאאאא • א אאאא • אאאאאאE59Fא - 53 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאאאאE59F (Plot Plan)אאJ 2–2 אאJ 1–2J 2 אא{ אאאאא אא{Eאאאאא אF אK אאא{EאאאF Kאאאא E60F אאJ 2J 2–2 Wאאאאאאא EאאאFא • א • - 54 - אא 106 אאאא א אאא• א EאאאאאFא • אאא • א • אאאאא • אאאאאא • אאאאאאאאאJ 1 אאאאJ 2 א אאאJ 3 KE61Fאאא E62FKאא E63F EאאFאאE60F אאאאאאאאE61F - 55 - אא 106 אאאא א אאE62F אאאE63F EElevationsFאאJ 3J 2 אאJ 1–3–2 { אאאאאאאא אאאאא {אאא E64FKאאא אאאE64F - 56 - אא 106 אאאא א אאJ 2J 3–2 אאאאאאE65Fא Wאאא EאFאאא • אאאא • א אאאאא • אא • אאא{ אאאא • אאא אאא • EאHFאאא • אאאא • אF{ אאאא • Eאאאאאא אאאFאאאאאא • אאאאEאFאאאאאE (Sections)אJ 4–2 אאJ 1–4–2 אאאאאא אE66Fאאאאאאא א - 57 - אא 106 אאאא א אאאE65F ( ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎت ااﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت66) ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ אאJ 2–4–2 Wאאאאא Kאאאאאאאאאא • Kאא{אאא{אא • Kאאא • - 58 - אא 106 אאאא א Kאאא • אאא • אאא • אאא • • א • אאאאאאאאאאא • אא אאאאאאא • Kאאאאאאא אאאאאE67Fא אE67F - 59 - אאא אאא 1 6 אא 106 א אאאא אאאאWאא אFאאאאאWאא E Wאאאאא Wאא אאאאא • אאאאא • אאאא • ٪100אאאאWאאא E12FE3FWאא Wאא א • אא• א אא • אאאאWאא - 60 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאא–א א אאא אאא א א אאא K אאא{ א אאאאאאאא אאאאא אאאאאא אKא אאאאאא אאא אא אאאאאאאאאא אא אאא א אא אא אא Wאאאאא KEHueFא1–1 אאא E68FאאאאKKKKKא EאאאFאא אK1 אאאאאא אK2 אאא{אאאא אאאא{א J אאF Wאא אK3 J אאJ אאJ אאJ אא Eאא - 61 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאKEValueFא2–1 אאאאא אאאE68F א KEIntensityFEFא3– 1 Kאאאאא א א W(Contrast)אאא4J 1 אאאאא {א א אאאא אאW אאא5J 1 אא{אא אאאאאWאאא6J 1 Eאא–א–אא–א–אFאא אאאא אאא W אאאא7–1 –אא–אא–אFאאא Eאא W(Harmony) אאאאאא8–1 - 62 - אא 106 א אאאא אאא אאא W –אא–אF{E68F אאא אא • EKKKKKא–אא–אאא אא אאא אאאאא • אאא אאאאאא • א • אאאאאא • EKKKא–אא–אאFאאאא • - 63 - אא 106 א אאאא אאא– J Wאאאאא אאJ 1–2 אאאאאא אאא אאאאאא אאא אא אאאאא אאא אא אאא45אא45א אאK אאאאאא E69FKאאאאא אא–2– 2 E71FאאאאאE70Fא אאאאאאK אאא { אאאאאא אא אאאאאא א–3–2 אאא אא א אאאאא אאא א אאא אאE72Fא{אא - 64 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאE69F אאאE70F - 65 - אא 106 א אאאא אאE71F אאE72F - 66 - אא 106 א אאאא אאא–4–2 א{ אאא אאאא א אאE39Fאאאאאא אאא א–5–2 אאאאאאאE73Fא אא אאE73F אא6–2 אאאאאאאאE30Fא אאאא א7–2 אאאאאאאאא אאאאאא אאאאאאE35FאE31Fא - 67 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאא– אאאאאE81FאE74Fא אאאאאאאE74F ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ )( اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻟﻮان ﻓﻴﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ אאאאאאE75F - 68 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאאE76F אאאאאאאאE77F אאאאE78F - 69 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאE79F אאאאE80F - 70 - אא 106 א אאאא אאאאאE81F - 71 - אא 101 א אא אאאKאאאא{E1997F{ KKJ 1 א Kאאאא{E1992F{K–2 {אKאאא{E1996F{K–3 K{אKאא{E1996F{–4 אא{אאK–5 אאאK–6 {E1998F{ אאאK –7 Kא–אאאK{אאא {אאאאKאאאא{–8 K{אKאאאא{E1994F{אאKK–9 {אKאאKE1998F{K–10 11 - Hassid, Sami, Architectural Construction Details. 12 - Weidhaas, E. R. & Weidhaas, M. D., (1999). Residential Architecture: Design & Drafting. Delmar Publishers, New York. אא 101 א 13 - Jefferis, A. & Madsen, D. (1996). Architectural Drafting and Design. Delmar Publishers, New York. 14 - Kicklighter, C. E. (2000). Architecture Residential Drawing and Design. GW Publishers, Illinois. א 101 א א א א 1 3 15 אאאאאWאא 19 20 אאאאWאא 22 31 32 34 36 37 39 אאאW א אאאאאW אאאאאWא אאאW אWאא אאאWא אאאאW אאWאאא אאאWא אאאW 41 42 52 אאא אא Wאא 60 61 64 68 אאאWאא א אאWא אאאאW אאאאאאWא אאW אאאאW 72 אא