SECOND QUARTER
SCIENCE 8
Name: ______________________________________________________ Date: _____________________
Grade & Section: _________________________
Score: ____________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET MELC 10,11 and 12
MELC 10: Using models or illustrations, explain how movements along faults generate earthquakes.
Types of Faulting
How Do Earthquakes Happen Along Plate Boundaries and Faults?
Earthquakes occur when there is a sudden movement on the Earth’s crust. Most movement on the Earth’s crust
takes place along plate boundaries. There are three main types of plate boundaries; they include converging
(moving together), diverging (moving apart), and sliding or transform plate boundaries. There is a direct
correlation between the plate boundary and the type of fault associated with an earthquake
I. Directions: Complete the chart below to distinguish between each of the three main types of faults.
Type of force or stress
Fault Diagram
Fault Movement or Motion
Type of Fault
that causes it to form
(Drawing)
(away, towards or slide past)
Strike-Slip Fault
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Application of the Concepts
II. Directions: The block diagrams below illustrate a simplified version of a normal and reverse fault. The arrows
by each fault show the relative motions of the blocks on both sides of the fault.
Q1. What is the difference between the hanging wall and the footwall?
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MELC 11: Differentiate the: (a) epicenter of an earthquake from its focus; (b) intensity of an earthquake from
its magnitude; (c) active and inactive faults.
MELC 12: Explain how earthquake waves provide information about the interior of the earth.
Directions: Read and answer the following questions.
Epicenter vs. Focus
a. Define the epicenter of an earthquake and explain its significance.
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b. Define the focus of an earthquake and describe its role in seismic events.
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Intensity vs. Magnitude
a. Differentiate between the intensity and magnitude of an earthquake.
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Active and Inactive Faults
a. Define an active fault and discuss its characteristics.
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b. Define an inactive fault and explain how it differs from an active fault.
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Which type of waves do you think were useful to seismologists in their study of the Earth's interior? Explain
your answer.
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