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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 1
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015
INTERSTATE STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL DICTIONARY
PART 411
ROTATING MACHINES
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL VOCABULARY. CHAPTER 411. ROTATING MACHINES
ISS 01.040.29
29.160.01
Introduction date 2016-07-01
FOREWORD
The goals, basic principles and procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established GOST
1.0-92 "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2009 "Interstate standardization system.
Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption,
application, updating and cancellation"
Information about the standard
1 PREPARED by the Open Joint Stock Company All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Certification (JSC VNIIS) on the
basis of its own authentic translation into Russian of the international standard specified in clause 5.
2 INTRODUCED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (minutes of September 29, 2015
N 80-P)
Voted for adoption:
Country short name
on MK (ISO 3166) 004-97
Armenia
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Moldova
Russia
Tajikistan
Country code by
MK (ISO 3166) 004-97
AM
BY
KZ
KG
MD
RU
TJ
Abbreviated name of the national
standardization body
Ministry of Economy of the Republic of
Armenia Gosstandart of the Republic of
Belarus Gosstandart of the Republic of
Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstandart
Moldova-Standard
Rosstandart
Tajikstandart
4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of November 2, 2015 N 1687-st
the interstate standard GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 was put into effect as a national standard of the Russian Federation on
July 1, 2016.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 2
5 This standard is identical to the international standard IEC 60050-411: 1996 * International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary. Chapter 411: Rotating machines (International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machines),
including Amd revision: 2007.
________________
* Access to international and foreign documents mentioned in the text can be obtained by contacting
Customer support... - Note from the manufacturer of the database.
International standard developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Translation from English (en)
Matching Degree - Identical (IDT)
6 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Information on changes to this standard is published in the annual information index "National Standards", and the
text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision
(replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index
"National Standards". Relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the
website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
SECTION 411-31 - GENERAL
411-31-01 rotating machine (electric) (rotating machine (electrical)) An electrical machine that relies on
electromagnetic inductance to operate and has parts that can perform relative rotational motion to convert energy.
NOTE This term also applies to electrical devices operating on the same principle, having a similar design, but intended
for different purposes, for example, to regulate power, supply or absorb reactive energy.
411-31-02 unipolar (electric) machine (homopolar machine): A machine in which magnetic flux travels in one direction
from one element to another over the entire area of the air gap.
411-31-03 acyclic machine (acyclic machine): DC unipolar machine.
411-31-04 alternating pole machine heteropolar machine: A machine with alternating physical or effective poles of
opposite polarity.
411-31-05 dc machine [direct current machine (dc machine)]: A machine in which the armature winding is connected
through a collector to a DC system and has magnetic fields excited by a DC or intermittent current source, or which are
permanent magnets.
411-31-06 ac machine [alternating current machine (AC machine)]: A machine in which the armature winding is
intended to be connected to an alternating current system.
411-31-07 double feed machine (double-fed machine): A machine in which the stator winding and the rotor winding
are excited from AC systems.
411-31-08 synchronous machine (synchronous machine): AC machine in which the frequency of the electromotive
force and the speed of the machine are in a constant ratio.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 3
411-31-09 asynchronous electric machine (asynchronous machine) AC machine in which the slew rate of the load and
the frequency of the system to which it is connected are not in a constant relationship.
411-31-10 asynchronous machine (induction machine): An asynchronous electrical machine in which only one winding
is excited.
411-31-11 jet generator (reluctance machine): Synchronous machine in which one element, usually stationary, has an
armature winding and a field winding or permanent magnets effectively spaced relative to each other, and the other
element, usually rotating, has no windings, but has a series of permanent teeth.
411-31-12 permanent magnet machine (permanent magnet machine) A machine in which the excitation system
consists of one or more permanent magnets.
411-31-13 single phase machine (single-phase machine) A machine for generating or using single-phase alternating
voltage and current.
411-31-14 multiphase machine (polyphase machine): A machine for generating or using polyphase alternating voltage
and current.
411-31-15 salient machine (salient pole machine) machine in which the field poles protrude from the stator yoke or
shoe towards the air gap.
411-31-16 solid pole machine (solid pole shoe machine): Solid pole shoe machine with non-laminated pole shoes.
411-31-17 cylindrical rotor machine (cylindrical rotor machine): A machine with a cylindrical rotor, along the periphery
of which there may be slots in which the sides of the winding coil are placed.
411-31-18 turbine machine (turbine-type machine): Cylindrical rotor machine designed to operate at high rotor
circumferential speed.
NOTE This term is most often applied to an alternator, i.e. turbine generator.
411-31-19 disk machine (disc-type machine): A machine with a disc-shaped rotor and axial air gap (s).
SECTION 411-32 - GENERATORS
411-32-01 generator (generator): A machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
411-32-02 alternator [alternating current generator]: A generator for producing alternating current and voltage.
411-32-03 double winding synchronous generator (double-wound synchronous generator): A synchronous generator
having two identical armature windings on the same magnetic structure and capable of supplying power to two separate
circuits.
411-32-04 asynchronous generator (induction generator): An induction machine connected to a reactive power source
that acts as a generator.
411-32-05 pathogen (exciter): A power source that feeds all or part of the excitation winding.
NOTE Exciters can be DC or AC machines with electric valves or stationary semiconductor rectifiers and are part of the
excitation system.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 4
411-32-06 main pathogen (main exciter): Exciter of a main electrical machine or multiple machines.
411-32-07 exciter (pilot exciter): The causative agent of another pathogen.
SECTION 411-33 - ENGINES
411-33-01 engine (motor): A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
411-33-02 universal motor (universal motor): A motor that can be driven either by direct current or single-phase
alternating current at normal mains frequency.
411-33-03 squirrel cage synchronous motor (cage synchronous motor): Squirrel-cage squirrel-cage squirrel-cage
squirrel-cage synchronous motor built into the pole shoes for starting.
411-33-04 synchronized induction motor (synchronous induction motor) Synchronous motor of a cylindrical rotor
with a secondary coil winding similar to the winding of a slip ring induction motor, which is used for both starting and
excitation.
411-33-05 reluctance synchronous motor (reluctance motor) Synchronous motor with an unexcited rotor having a
series of regularly repeating protrusions that may or may not have a squirrel cage short-circuited winding for starting.
411-33-06 synchronous reluctance motor (synchronous reluctance motor) reluctance motor in which the number of
protrusions acting as pronounced poles is greater than the number of poles formed by the primary winding, resulting in
the motor running at a constant average speed, which is a subharmonic of its apparent synchronous speed.
411-33-07 asynchronous squirrel cage motor (cage induction motor) Induction motor with squirrel cage secondary
squirrel cage winding (s).
411-33-08 wound-rotor asynchronous motor (wound-rotor induction motor) Induction motor with secondary
polyphase coil winding (s).
411-33-09 wound rotor motor slip-ring induction motor: A slip-ring induction motor with a secondary winding (s)
connected to slip rings.
411-33-10 brushless induction motor with wound rotor (brushless wound-rotor induction motor) Asynchronous
wound-rotor motor with secondary winding (s), directly connected to the built-in rotating starter.
411-33-11 hysteresis motor (hysteresis motor): A synchronous motor with a smooth cylindrical element made of
magnetic material without field winding, which is driven by hysteresis losses induced in this term and operates at a
synchronous speed due to the residual magnetic induction of this element.
411-33-12 shaded pole motor (shaded pole motor): Single-phase induction motor with one or more short-circuited
windings in a magnetic position from the main winding, all of these windings on the main core, usually the stator.
411-33-13 split phase motor (split phase motor): Single-phase asynchronous motor with an auxiliary circuit that is
connected in parallel with the main winding, including the auxiliary starting winding, which is in the magnetic position from
the main winding, the phase shift between the currents in these primary windings is set.
NOTE Normally, the auxiliary circuit is open when the motor reaches the appropriate speed.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 5
411-33-14 split-phase motor with resistance start (resistant start split phase motor): A split phase motor in which the
phase shift occurs through a resistance in the auxiliary circuit, this resistance is either present in the auxiliary starting
winding or provided by a separate series resistor.
411-33-15 split-phase reactor-starting engine reactor start split phase motor: A split phase motor in which the phase
shift occurs as a result of additional inductive reactance in the main circuit, this additional reactance is short-circuited or
becomes ineffective when the auxiliary circuit is open.
411-33-16 capacitor motor (capacitor motor): A split phase motor in which the phase is shifted from the capacitor in
the auxiliary circuit.
411-33-17 capacitor start motor (capacitor start motor): Capacitor motor in which the auxiliary circuit is energized
only during starting.
411-33-18 capacitor motor with permanently connected capacitor (capacitor start and run motor): A capacitor
motor in which the auxiliary circuit is energized during both starting and running.
411-33-19 motor with separate capacitor for starting and operating mode (two-value capacitor motor): A capacitor
motor with a permanently on-capacitor using different capacitance values for starting and operating.
411-33-20 multiphase collector motor (polyphase commutator motor) AC motor with a polyphase armature winding
supplied through a collector.
411-33-21 single phase collector motor (single-phase commutator motor) AC motor with a single-phase armature
winding supplied through the collector.
411-33-22 Schrage engine (Schrage motor): A multi-phase motor in which the rotor has two windings, one of which
receives current from the power supply through slip rings, and the other is connected to the collector. The collector has two
adjacent sets of brushes and supplies each of the individual phases on the stator with regulated voltages to achieve
variation in speed and reactive power from the power supply.
411-33-23 repulsion engine (repulsion motor) Single-phase asynchronous motor with a primary winding on the stator,
connected to a power source and a secondary winding on a rotor, connected to a collector, the brushes of which are shortcircuited and located so that their angular position can change.
411-33-24 Deri engine (Deri motor): Repulsion motor with two sets of brushes, one fixed and the other movable.
411-33-25 compensated repulsion motor compensated repulsion motor repulsion motor in which the primary
winding on the stator is connected in series with the rotor winding through a second set of brushes on the commutator to
improve power factor and commutation.
411-33-26 single-phase asynchronous motor with repulsion start (repulsion start induction motor) repulsion motor
in which the manifold plates are short-circuited or vice versa connected at a set speed to produce an equivalent squirrelcage winding.
411-33-27 asynchronous repulsion motor (repulsion induction motor): Repulsion induction motor with additional
rotor winding of the "squirrel cage" type.
411-33-28 starting motor (starting motor): Auxiliary motor to facilitate starting and acceleration of the main machine
to which it is mechanically connected.
411-33-29 bevel rotor motor (conical rotor motor) Motor with frusto-conical rotor.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 6
411-33-30 general purpose engine general purpose motormotor designed, specified and proposed to operate at a
standard load with performance characteristics, the mechanical design of which is suitable for use under normal operating
conditions without restrictions on a particular application or purpose.
411-33-31 engine for a specific purpose definite purpose motormotor designed, specified and proposed to operate at
a standard load with performance characteristics, or in mechanical design, or both, and which is suitable for a particular
use or application.
411-33-32 special purpose engine special purpose motormotor with a special performance or special mechanical
design, or both, designed for a specific use and not falling within the definition of a general purpose or specific motor
411-33-33 motor with standardized mounting dimensions (motor with standardized mounting dimensions) motor
with installation dimensions that can be mechanically replaced completely by any other motor with the same frame size
and in accordance with the same technical conditions.
411-33-34 low power engine (small power motor): Motor with a maximum permissible load not exceeding 1.1 kW at
1500 rpm.
411-33-35 constant speed motor constant speed motor: A motor with an inherent constant or near constant speed
under normal load conditions.
411-33-36 variable speed motor varying speed motor: A motor with an inherent speed that varies significantly under
normal load conditions.
411-33-37 multi-speed motor (multi-speed motor): A motor that can operate at one or more set speeds at a given
load.
411-33-38 multi-stage motor (multi constant speed motor): A multi-speed motor in which two or more set speeds are
actually constant or nearly constant under normal load conditions.
411-33-39 multi-speed motor with variable speed at each stage (multi varying speed motor): A multi-speed motor in
which two or more set speeds will vary significantly under normal load conditions.
411-33-40 variable speed motor (adjustable speed motor): A motor whose speed at a given load can be adjusted to
any value within a specified range.
411-33-41 constant speed motor in variable stages (adjustable constant speed motor) Variable speed motor that
behaves at all set speeds as a constant speed motor in variable stages.
411-33-42 variable speed motor in variable stages (adjustable varying speed motor) Variable speed motor that
behaves at all set speeds as a variable speed motor in variable stages.
SECTION 411-34 - SPECIAL MACHINES
411-34-01 electric dynamometer electrical dynamometer: An electrical machine equipped with a torque display and
optionally a speed display when used to determine power.
411-34-02 booster generator (booster): A machine connected in a circuit such that its voltage is either added to or
subtracted from the voltage supplied by another source.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 7
411-34-03 synchronous compensator (synchronous compensator): A synchronous machine operating without
mechanical load and supplying or extracting reactive power.
411-34-04 engine-generator set motor generator set: An assembly consisting of one or more motors mechanically
connected to one or more generators
411-34-05 rotary transducer (rotary converter): A machine with one armature winding attached to a collector and slip
rings and used to convert alternating current to direct current or vice versa.
411-34-06 cascade converter (motor converter): A combination of an induction motor and a rotating converter on a
common shaft system, the current generated in the rotor winding of the motor flows through the armature winding of the
rotating converter.
411-34-07 rotating frequency converter ((rotating) frequency converter): A machine that converts electrical energy
from one frequency to another.
411-34-08 collector frequency converter (commutator type frequency converter): A multiphase machine, the rotor of
which has one or two windings connected to a set of slip rings and to a collector in such a way that, by feeding one set of
brushes with a voltage of a given frequency, a voltage of a different frequency can be obtained from another set ...
411-34-09 frequency conversion unit (frequency changer set): An engine-generator set that converts electrical energy
from one frequency to another.
411-34-10 asynchronous frequency converter (induction frequency converter): Asynchronous machine with a wound
rotor, in which frequency conversion is achieved by induction between the primary winding and the secondary winding,
rotating relative to each other, the secondary winding supplies energy at a frequency proportional to the relative rotational
speed of the primary magnetic field and the carrier secondary winding.
411-34-11 inductor frequency converter (inductor frequency converter): A machine with a stationary AC input
winding that creates excitation, and a stationary output winding of different numbers of poles, in which a generated
voltage at an operating frequency is induced through a change in the reluctance of the field through a series of regular
rotor protrusions.
411-34-12 (rotating) phase converter [(rotating) phase converter]: A machine that transmits electrical energy with a
change in the number of phases.
411-34-13 electrical clutch electric couplingmachine that transmits torque from one shaft to another by
electromagnetic or magnetic means
Note - The relative speed of the two shafts can be adjusted.
411-34-14 induction coupling induction couplingelectric coupling in which torque is transmitted by the interaction of a
magnetic field generated by magnetic poles on one rotating element and induced currents in another rotating element
411-34-15 magnetic clutch; slip clutchmagnetic coupling slip coupling induction clutch in which secondary currents
are induced in the secondary and squirrel cage windings
411-34-16 eddy current clutch eddy current coupling induction coupling in which secondary currents are induced as
eddy currents in the secondary element
411-34-17 synchronous clutch synchronous couplingelectric coupling in which torque is transferred by attraction
between the magnetic poles on both exciting and excited elements rotating at the same frequency
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 8
411-34-18 hysteresis clutch hysteresis couplingelectric coupling in which torque is transmitted by forces resulting
from the resistance to reorientation of established magnetic fields within a ferromagnetic material
411-34-19 magnetic friction clutch magnetic friction clutchfriction clutch in which magnetic devices are used to
engage or disengage friction surfaces.
411-34-20 electromagnetic powder clutch magnetic particle couplingelectric coupling in which torque is transmitted
through a medium of particles of magnetic material that accumulate in a magnetic field between coupling elements
SECTION 411-35 - CONTROL MACHINES
411-35-01 DC generator-motor system (Ward-Leonard system): Method of regulating the frequency and direction of
rotation of a DC motor by changing and, if necessary, reversing the armature voltage by regulating the excitation current of
a direct current generator supplying the armature of the electric motor.
411-35-02 dc generator set (Ward-Leonard generator set): A set consisting of one or more generators and one or
more drive motors controlled by a generator-motor DC system.
411-35-03 static speed control system of an induction motor with phase
rotor (static Kraemer system): A method of regulating the speed of a slip ring induction motor below the speed of a
synchronous motor by restoring the power lost in the rotor resistance through a static converter connected between the
secondary of the motor and the power system.
411-35-04 electric machine amplifier (rotary amplifier) A machine used to generate electricity by amplifying an input
signal.
411-35-05 stepper motor (stepping motor): A motor whose rotor makes discrete angular movements when its stator
windings are energized according to a given program.
SECTION 411-36 - CLARIFICATION TERMS
411-36-01 independent excitation (separately excited): Defines a machine in which excitation comes from a source
other than the machine itself.
411-36-02 self-excited (self-excited): Defines a car in which the excitement comes from the car itself.
411-36-03 mixed excitement (compositely excited): Defines a machine in which some of the excitement comes from the
machine itself and some from a source other than the machine.
411-36-04 shunt (shunt): Defines the machine that is energized by a winding connected in parallel with the armature
winding.
411-36-05 serial connection (series): Defines the machine that is energized by a winding in series with the armature
winding.
411-36-06 mixed excitement (compound excited): Defines a machine that is excited by at least two windings, one of
which is connected in series.
411-36-07 mixed consonant arousal (cumulative compounded): Defines a mixed excitation machine in which the
magnetomotive force of series and parallel windings goes in the same direction.
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 9
411-36-08 differential excitation (differential compounded): Defines a mixed field machine in which the
magnetomotive force of the series winding goes in the opposite direction of the parallel winding.
411-36-09 recombined excitation (over-compounded): Defines a mixed excitation generator in which the series
winding is distributed so that the terminal voltage at rated power is greater than when no load is present.
411-36-10 compounded excitation with constant voltage at the terminals of the flat
compounding (level-compounded flat compounded): Defines a mixed field generator in which the series winding is
distributed so that the terminal voltage at rated power is the same as when no load is applied.
411-36-11 uncompounded excitement (under-compounded): Defines a mixed excitation generator in which the series
winding is distributed so that the terminal voltage at rated power is less than when no load is present.
411-36-12 stabilized shunt (for generator) [stabilized shunt (for a generator)]: Defines a generator with
uncompounded excitation that provides such a voltage drop with the load that machines can run in parallel without an
equalizer.
411-36-13 stabilized shunt (for motor) [stabilized shunt (for a motor)]: Defines a mixed field motor with series
windings of such proportion and polarity that it may cause a slight decrease in speed as the power output increases.
411-36-14 self-regulating (self-regulated): Defines a single core machine that self-regulates its characteristics such as
voltage, power factor, speed, without the need for external devices to interfere with its operation.
411-36-15 compensated regulation (compensated regulated): Defines a machine which, together with an
independent excitation source, can regulate its own characteristics such as voltage, power factor and speed.
411-36-16 automatic regulation (automatically regulated): Defines a machine that can regulate its own characteristics
when combined with other equipment in a suitable automatic control system.
411-36-17 brushless (brushless): Defines a machine that does not have a conventional brushless device.
411-36-18 addressed (inverted): Defines a machine in which the normal electromagnetic functions of stationary and
rotating units alternate.
411-36-19 tolerance (tolerance): Permitted deviation of the measured value from the set value.
411-36-20 partial discharge threshold voltage partial discharge inception voltagelowest voltage limit at which partial
discharges occur during the orderly testing of a test object by gradually increasing the voltage applied to it from a lower
level at which such discharges are not observed
NOTE In the case of an applied sinusoidal voltage, the onset level of partial discharges is defined as the r.m.s. value of
the voltage. With a pulsed applied voltage, this threshold is defined as the voltage peak-to-peak.
411-36-21 partial discharge quenching voltage partial discharge extinction voltagevoltage level at which partial
discharges are extinguished during the orderly testing of a test object by gradually lowering the applied voltage to it,
starting from the higher level at which it is observed
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 10
the occurrence of such discharges.
NOTE In the case of an applied sinusoidal voltage, the level of suppression of partial discharges is defined as the rms
value of the voltage. With a pulsed applied voltage, the partial discharge suppression threshold is defined as the peak-topeak voltage.
SECTION 411-37 - WINDING DIAGRAM
411-37-01 winding winding: An assembly with turns or sections of winding that performs a specific function in the
operation of an electric rotating machine.
411-37-02 armature winding (armature winding): A winding in a synchronous single-phase collector machine or DC
machine, which in operation receives active power from an external electrical system or supplies active power to an
external electrical system.
NOTE This definition also applies to a synchronous compensator if the term "active power" is replaced by the term
"reactive power".
411-37-03 primary winding (primary winding) winding in an asynchronous machine which, in operation, receives
active power from an external electrical system or supplies active power to an external electrical system.
411-37-04 secondary winding (secondary winding): A winding in an asynchronous machine that is not connected to an
external electrical system.
411-37-05 main winding (main winding): The primary winding of the split phase motor.
411-37-06 starting winding (starting winding): The winding for starting the machine.
411-37-07 auxiliary starting winding (auxiliary starting winding) Split phase motor starting winding.
411-37-08 excitation winding (excitation winding): A winding to create a magnetic field that is constant for that
winding.
411-37-09 bias winding (field winding) field winding that contributes to the creation of the main magnetic field in the
machine.
411-37-10 parallel (shunt) winding (shunt winding): A bias winding connected in parallel to all or part of the armature
circuit.
411-37-11 series winding
(series
winding):
Winding
bias,
connectable
in series to the armature winding and carrying all or part of the current in the armature winding.
411-37-12 compensation winding (compensating winding) field winding that carries a load current or current
proportional to it, and distributed so as to reduce the distortion of the magnetic field due to the load current passing
through the other windings.
411-37-13 switching winding (commutating winding): An excitation winding in a commutated machine that carries a
load current or current proportional to it and distributed so as to accelerate the reversal of the current in the coils to be
commutated.
411-37-14 damping winding (damping winding): A winding that is short-circuited, usually in the form of a cage, or may
be short-circuited, and serves to suppress rapid changes in the current connecting it.
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411-37-15 control winding (control winding) Field winding that carries a regulated current to control the operation of
the machine.
411-37-16 stator winding (stator winding): The winding on the stator of the machine.
411-37-17 rotor winding (rotor winding): The winding on the rotor of the machine.
411-37-18 concentrated (unallocated) winding concentrated winding: A winding of an excitation system with
pronounced poles, or a winding whose coil sides occupy only one slot per pole.
411-37-19 distributed winding (distributed winding): A winding whose coil sides occupy several slots on the pole.
411-37-20 single layer winding (single layer winding): Distributed winding in which only one side of the coil is in the
depth of each slot.
411-37-21 double layer winding (two layer winding): Distributed winding in which the two sides of the coil are at the
depth of each slot.
411-37-22 winding with an integer number of slots per pole and phase integral slot winding: A distributed winding in
which the number of slots per pole and phase is an integer and is the same for all poles.
411-37-23 winding with a fractional number of slots per pole and phase (fractional slot winding): A distributed winding in which
the number of slots per pole and phase is a fractional number.
411-37-24 symmetrical winding with fractional number of slots per pole and phase (symmetrical fractional slot
winding): A winding with a fractional number of slots per pole and phase in which a symmetrical multiphase voltage system
is excited from the main magnetic field in the air gap.
411-37-25 sectionalized slot pitch winding split throw winding: A double layer winding in which the conductors that
make up the side of the coil in one slot do not all fit together in the other slot.
411-37-26 (short-circuited) squirrel cage winding (cage winding) A winding consisting of a series of conductive bars,
the ends of which are connected by conductive rings or plates on each side.
411-37-27 concentric winding concentric winding: Distributed winding in which the individual coils of each phase
group at the pole are concentric and have different winding pitches.
411-37-28 split winding (diamond winding): Distributed winding in which all coils have the same shape and winding
pitch.
411-37-29 loop winding lap winding: A double-layer winding in which all the turns under one pair of main poles are
connected in series, and the groups of coils below successive pairs of main poles are connected to one another in the same
sequence as the pole pairs.
411-37-30 simple loop winding (simplex lap winding) A loop winding in which the number of parallel circuits is equal
to the number of poles.
411-37-31 double loop winding duplex lap winding: A loop winding in which the number of parallel circuits is equal to
twice the number of poles.
411-37-32 multiple loop winding multiplex lap winding: A loop winding in which the number of parallel circuits is
equal to a multiple of more than twice the number of poles.
411-37-33 wave winding (wave winding) Double layer winding in which the sequence of connections is such that
subsequent coil sections are underneath the adjacent main pole pair in the same direction around the machine.
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411-37-34 simple wave winding (simplex wave winding): A wave winding in which the number of parallel circuits is
equal to two, regardless of the number of poles.
411-37-35 double wave winding duplex wave winding: A wave winding in which the number of parallel circuits is four,
regardless of the number of poles.
411-37-36 multiple wave winding (multiplex wave winding): A wave winding in which the number of parallel circuits is
a multiple of two, except four, regardless of the number of poles.
411-37-37 frog winding (frog-leg winding): A combination winding consisting of one loop winding and one wave
winding located in the same slots and connected to the same switch.
411-37-38 pole changing winding pole changing winding: A winding in which two or more groups of connected coils
are connected to terminals in such a way that the number of poles of the winding can be changed by changing the
connection of these terminals.
411-37-39 amplitude modulated winding at the poles pole amplitude modulated winding: A winding with a change
in the number of poles in which non-integer ratios of the number of poles are obtained by suppressing or amplifying the
harmonics of the magnetic field.
411-37-40 electrical circuit electric circuit arrangement of appliances or means through which an electric current can
flow
411-37-41 primary circuit primary circuitcircuit in an induction machine which, in operation, receives active power
from an external electrical system or supplies it to an external electrical system.
411-37-42 secondary circuit secondary circuit: A circuit in an asynchronous machine that, when operated, is not connected to
an external electrical system.
411-37-43 anchor chain armature circuitcircuit in a synchronous single-phase collector machine or DC machine which,
in operation, receives active power from an external electrical system or supplies it to an external electrical system.
NOTE This definition also applies to a synchronous compensator if the term "active power" is replaced by the term
"reactive power".
SECTION 411-38 - WRAPPING CONSTRUCTION
411-38-01 turn (turn): A conductor or group of conductors forming a single conductive loop.
NOTE - A conductor can be composed of multiple strands or layers. Each core or layer is in the form of a wire, rod, tape
or rod, depending on its cross section. Each individual core or layer can be bare or insulated, for example to reduce eddy
currents.
411-38-02 coil section (coil section): The main electrical element of a winding, as a node, consisting of one or more
turns, isolated from each other.
411-38-03 coil (coil): A physical assembly of one or more coil sections, usually surrounded by common insulation.
411-38-04 multi-section coil (multi-section coil): A coil consisting of two or more sections or groups of turns, each
section or group is individually isolated.
411-38-05 semi-winding; kernel(half-coil; bar): One of two parts that, when combined, form a full coil and make up the
coil side of a large machine.
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NOTE The term "bar" is often used instead of the term "half-winding", but usually only for half a single-turn coil in a
large machine.
411-38-06 coil side (coil side): Each of two, usually straight, parts of the coil, which are located mainly in the axial
direction of rotation of the machine.
411-38-07 winding head (end winding): Each of the two parts of the coil that connects the sides of the coil.
411-38-08 winding overhang (winding overhang): Each of two parts of the winding extending beyond the ends of the
core.
411-38-09 groove part of the coil; part of the groove; part of the coreEmbedded coil side; slot portion; core portion
411-38-10 uniform winding (regular winding) A winding in which the individual wires on each side of the coil are
evenly spaced.
411-38-11 template winding (form-wound winding): A uniform winding consisting of coils that are shaped before
being installed in a machine.
411-38-12 partially form-wound (partly preformed winding): A uniform winding made up of coils that are shaped
before being installed in the machine, except for one winding head which is formed and joined after being installed in the
machine.
411-38-13 loose winding (random wound winding): A winding in which individual wires are randomly positioned on the
side of the coil.
411-38-14 winding in semi-closed slots fed-in winding: A winding, usually loose, in which individual wires are routed
into each slot through a hole in it.
411-38-15 axial end winding (push-through winding): A winding in which the sides of the coil are grooved in the axial
direction.
411-38-16 draw-in winding (pull-through winding): A winding laid by pulling wires through grooves in the axial
direction.
411-38-17 open coil (open-ended coil): A partially formed coil in which the turns are left open at one end to facilitate
installation in the machine.
411-38-18 coil U-shape (hairpin coil: An open coil of defined shape designed to be pulled through semi-closed or
closed grooves.
411-38-19 field coil (field coil):
1 - for AC and DC salient-pole machines, this is a properly insulated winding for installation on the field pole to
magnetize it;
2 - for synchronous machines with a cylindrical rotor - this is a group of turns in the excitation winding, occupying one
pair of slots.
411-38-20 row (tier): Term used to denote a body of revolution about the axis of the machine, at the peripheral ends of
the winding ends of concentric coil groups, at each end of the machine.
411-38-21 winding coil with a winding configuration allowing transition from
one layer to another (cranked coil): A coil that has a special winding overhang that allows both windings to cross from one
row to the next.
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411-38-22 leveler (equalizer): Connection between points on a winding to minimize any unwanted potential difference
between these points.
411-38-23 idle section (anchors) (dummy coil): A coil which is not wired to be installed in a coil, but which is installed
for mechanical reasons and remains unconnected.
411-38-24 branch (tap): Connection at some intermediate point in the winding.
411-38-25 tooth pitch (tooth pitch): Peripheral distance between corresponding points on two consecutive teeth.
411-38-26 winding pitch (coil span): The number of teeth pitch that separates the slots that contain the two sides of
the coil.
411-38-27 straight winding pitch (front span): Winding pitch at the winding connection terminal.
411-38-28 reverse winding pitch (back span): Winding pitch at unconnected winding terminal.
411-38-29 pole pitch (pole pitch): Peripheral distance between corresponding points on two consecutive poles, usually
expressed as the number of pitch of a tooth.
411-38-30 winding pitch (winding pitch): The ratio of the winding pitch to the total number of pitch pitch per pole, usually expressed
as a percentage.
411-38-31 step winding (full pitch winding): A winding in which the pitch is 100%.
411-38-32 short pitch winding (short pitch winding): A winding where the pitch is less than 100%.
411-38-33 extended pitch winding (long pitch winding): A winding where the pitch is more than 100%.
411-38-34 collector step (commutator pitch): The number of commutator segments between the respective start and
end of one coil section.
411-38-35 crossbreeding (transposition): Arrangement of strands or layers of a wire or wires forming a coil or coil,
whereby they occupy different relative positions in a groove or in successive grooves in order to reduce eddy current
losses.
411-38-36 crossing Rebel (Roebel transposition): A crossing pattern in which the strands occupy two higher rows in a
semi-winding, and at a constant interval along the entire length of the core, one upper strand and one lower strand
intersect another row so that each strand occupies every radial position in each row.
411-38-37 distribution ratio distribution factor coefficient related to a distributed winding that takes into account the
reduction in electromotive force due to phase displacement between the voltages generated in the coils in different slots.
411-38-38 winding pitch factor (pitch factor) Factor related to the distributed winding, which takes into account the
reduction in electromotive force when the pitch of the winding is not 100%.
411-38-39 winding ratio (winding factor): The product of the distribution factor and the winding pitch.
411-38-40 beveled groove skewed slot: A rotor or stator slot that is angled to the shaft axis such that the angular
position of the slot at one end of the core is offset from its position at the other end.
411-38-41 bevel ratio skew factor: Factor that accounts for the reduction in electromotive force when the stator and
rotor slots are not parallel.
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411-38-42 effective turns per phase (effective turns per phase) Product of the number of consecutive turns in each
coil, the number of series connected coils per phase and the winding ratio.
SECTION 411-39 - INSULATION
411-39-01 wire insulation conductor insulationinsulation on a conductor or between adjacent conductors.
411-39-02 core insulation or between plates (core) strand or lamination insulationinsulation on a conductor or plate
or between adjacent conductors or plates that form a conductor
411-39-03 coil insulation (turn insulation) insulation around a turn.
411-39-04 turn-to-turn insulation (interturn insulation) insulation between adjacent turns, often in the form of tapes.
411-39-05 coil or rod insulation (coil or bar insulation) basic insulation, to earth or between phases, around a coil or
bar, in addition to any wire insulation or turns insulation.
411-39-06 encapsulated insulation encapsulated insulation winding completely enclosed or encapsulated with
molded insulation.
411-39-07 insulation (machines) obtained by vacuum injection technology [vacuum-pressure impregnation (of a
machine)]: An insulation system whose components are vacuum impregnated after complete assembly and connection of
the winding.
411-39-08 anti-corona protection (corona shielding) means for reducing the electric field strength along the surface
of the coils.
411-39-09 stepwise activation of resistance (anti-corona protection) [resistance grading (of corona shielding)]: A
type of anti-corona protection incorporating highly resistive materials on the surface of the coil.
411-39-10 gasket on the side surface of the coil (coil side separator): Additional insulation used to separate the
slotted parts of the coil.
411-39-11 groove seal (slot packing): Additional insulation used to seal the grooves of the reel to ensure a tight fit in
the grooves.
411-39-12 slotted insulating sleeve (slot liner): Separate insulation between the slot of the coil and the slot that can
provide mechanical and electrical protection.
411-39-13 sealing of the winding ends (overhang packing): Insulation included in the winding head to provide space
and stiffness.
411-39-14 crest (comb): Sealing part of the ridge-shaped windings.
411-39-15 waist isolation (belt insulation) shape of the sealing of the windings in a circle between adjacent layers in
the front of the winding.
411-39-16 phase-to-phase insulation of coils (phase coil insulation) additional insulation between adjacent coils in
different phases.
411-39-17 underband insulation (banding insulation) insulation between the winding head and the wound band.
411-39-18 winding head support bracket (winding overhang support) Device for supporting the winding ends.
411-39-19 insulation of the support bracket of the winding ends (winding overhang support insulation) insulation
between the winding ends and the winding support bracket.
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411-39-20 field coil (field spool): Device for maintaining a concentric field coil.
NOTE This device may be of insulating material or may be insulated.
411-39-21 excitation coil insulation (field spool insulation) insulation between the field coil and the concentric field
coil.
411-39-22 pole core insulation (pole body insulation) insulation between the core of the pole and the field coil.
411-39-23 field winding laying (field coil flange) Insulation between the field coil and the pole shoe, or between the
field coil and the pole piece.
411-39-24 insulation inside the hollow shaft (up-shaft insulation): Additional insulation around connections that pass
through a hollow shaft.
411-39-25 isolation system insulation systeminsulating material or a collection of insulating materials intended for use
in the corresponding live parts of electrical equipment of certain standard sizes
411-39-26 suitable insulation system candidate insulation system that has passed the aging test (e.g. meeting a
specified thermal class)
411-39-27 insulation reference system reference insulation systeminsulation system which has been tested and
proven to be effective under continuous operating conditions
SECTION 411-40 - MAGNETIC PARTS
411-40-01 core (core): Parts of the magnetic circuit in a machine, excluding the air gap, intended to carry magnetic flux.
411-40-02 laminated steel core laminated core: A core made up of plates.
411-40-03 core pressure plate core end plateplate or device at the end of a laminated steel core to maintain pressure
on the plates.
411-40-04 excitation pole (field pole): The part of the core which carries or is embedded in the field winding or which
contains one or more permanent magnets.
411-40-05 implicit pole (non-salient pole): The portion of a cylindrical core that acts as a pole by generating excitation
from a distributed winding.
411-40-06 pronounced pole (salient pole): A type of field pole that protrudes from a yoke or socket towards the air
gap.
411-40-07 pole core (pole body): That part of the pronounced pole around which the field coil is mounted, or that
contains one or more permanent magnets.
411-40-08 pole shoe (pole shoe): That part of the pronounced pole that is adjacent to the air gap.
411-40-09 pole pieces (pole tips): Pole shoe protrusions in the circumferential direction.
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411-40-10 pole working surface (pole face): The surface of the pole shoe that forms one boundary of the air gap.
411-40-11 bevel of the working surface of the pole (pole face bevel): That part of the pole piece that is bevelled to
increase the length of the radial air gap towards the pole pieces.
411-40-12 formation of the working surface of the pole (pole face shaping): That part of the pole shoe that has a
different shape from the beveled part to increase the radial length of the air gap.
411-40-13 pole end plate pole end plate: A plate or device at the end of a pole to maintain pressure on the plates.
411-40-14 yoke (yoke): A piece of core in the shape of a ring or polygon.
411-40-15 stator yoke (frame yoke): A yoke that provides mechanical support to fixed, pronounced poles.
411-40-16 rotor yoke; nest(rotor yoke; hub): A yoke that provides mechanical support to rotating pronounced poles.
411-40-17 air gap (air-gap): The gap in the ferro-magnetic part of the magnetic circuit.
411-40-18 main air gap (main air-gap): The minimum distance between relatively moving parts of a magnetic device.
411-40-19 groove (slot): A recess in the core into which the winding wires can be stowed.
411-40-20 prong (tooth): The part of the core between two successive slots.
411-40-21 tine support (tooth support): The element that exerts pressure on the ends of the teeth.
411-40-22 ventilation duct spacer (duct spacer): Spacer between adjacent plate packs to provide a radial ventilation
duct.
SECTION 411-41 - BRUSHES, BRUSH HOLDERS, MANIFOLDS, COLLECTOR RINGS, TERMINALS
411-41-01 brush (brush): An electrically conductive part, usually stationary, that provides electrical sliding contact with
a collector or slip ring.
411-41-02 current lead to brushes (brush flexible): The connection between the brush and the brush lead.
411-41-03 brush holder (brush holder): A device that holds one or more brushes in a certain position relative to a
collector or slip ring, and usually exerts almost constant pressure on the brush or brushes.
411-41-04 brush holder clip (brush box): The part of the brush holder that holds the brush.
411-41-05 device for pressure (pressing) brushes brush pressure device mechanical device that exerts pressure on
the brush to make contact with the collector or slip ring, and which is usually part of the brush holder.
411-41-06 brush holder lock (brush-holder fixing device): The device with which the brush holder is attached to the
finger.
411-41-07 brush holder finger (brush-holder supporting structure) device on which brush holders are mounted and
fixed relative to each other.
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411-41-08 brush holder traverse (brush-holder rocker): Brush holder finger mounted so that the entire device can
move in a circle.
411-41-09 brush traverse [(brush-holder) rocker yoke]: The device on which the brush holder yoke is mounted when it
is not supported by the body or support of the machine itself.
411-41-10 brush crosshead mechanism [(brush-holder) rocker gear]: A worm wheel or other mechanism that can be
used to adjust the position of the brush holder arm.
411-41-11 spark shield (flash barrier): A shield of fire-resistant material to prevent the formation of an electric arc or to
minimize damage caused by an arc.
411-41-12 slip ring; slip ring(slip-ring): Conductive ring, in front of which brushes are installed, allowing current to flow
between the rotating and stationary part of the circuit as a result of sliding contact.
411-41-13 collector (commutator): An assembly of conductive elements, isolated from each other and from their
supports, in front of which brushes are installed, allowing current to flow between the rotating and stationary part of the
circuit as a result of sliding contact, and also providing switching between the individual coils of the rotating winding.
411-41-14 manifold plate commutator segmentconductive commutator element intended to be connected to the
common end of successive winding sections.
411-41-15 chevron manifold collar (commutator V-ring): V-ring for clamping the manifold plates into a rigid assembly.
411-41-16 Insulation of the collector chevron collar (commutator V-ring insulation): Insulation between the V-ring
and the manifold plates.
411-41-17 collector plate insulation (commutator segment insulation) insulation between the collector plates.
411-41-18 riser (commutator riser): Conductive element for connecting the commutator plate to the common end of
successive winding sections.
411-41-19 permanent connection (termination): any device that provides connections between the internal terminals
of a machine and external wires.
411-41-20 output (machine) [(machine) terminal]: An element that allows the internal terminal of a machine to be
connected to any other terminal (s), internal or external.
411-41-21 pin terminal (stud-terminal): Conductive pin-shaped permanent connection.
411-41-22 strip terminal (strip terminal): Permanent connection in the form of a conductive strip.
411-41-23 terminal panel (terminal board): The panel on which the pins are mounted.
411-41-24 cable connector (cable coupler): A form of permanent connection in which the outer and inner wires of the
machine are connected by means of a plug connector.
411-41-25 grounded terminal; ground terminalearth terminal: A terminal connected to accessible metal parts of the
machine and intended to be earthed or connected to a protective conductor.
411-41-26 field winding leads (field winding terminal): Field winding terminal where the required input power of the
field winding is set.
411-41-27 loose conclusions loose leads: A form of permanent connection in which the internal wires of the machine
are led out as loose insulated flexible wires.
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411-41-28 terminal socket (terminal enclosure): A shielding chamber within which the leads are connected to external
wires, which allows access and meets the requirements for isolation and creepage distances, and is usually mounted on the
machine.
411-41-29 terminal chamber (separate terminal enclosure): Terminal enclosure that is not mounted on the machine
itself.
411-41-30 junction box (terminal box): Terminal box in the form of a rigid box.
411-41-31 diaphragm end sleeve (pressure relief terminal box): A junction box designed so that all electrical
breakdown products inside the box are discharged through a pressure relief diaphragm.
NOTE The qualifying term "pressure relief" can be applied to terminal chambers other than junction boxes.
411-41-32 air insulated termination (air insulated terminal box): A junction box designed so that protection of the
phase conductors against dielectric damage inside the junction box is achieved by a certain distance between the bare
conductors and the insulation of the supports.
NOTE The qualifying term "air insulated" can be applied to terminal chambers other than junction boxes.
411-41-33 box with insulated phase terminals (phase insulated terminal box): A junction box designed so that
protection of the phase conductors against dielectric damage inside the junction box is achieved mainly by solid insulation.
NOTE The qualifying term "air insulated" can be applied to terminal chambers other than junction boxes.
411-41-34 phase-separated end coupling (phase separated terminal box): A junction box designed so that phase
separation is provided by grounded metal barriers within one compartment to limit any electrical fault to earth fault.
NOTE The qualifying term "phase separation" can be applied to terminal chambers other than junction boxes.
411-41-35 junction box with separate chambers for each phase (phase segregated terminal box): A junction box
designed so that phase separation is provided by grounded metal barriers forming separate chambers for each phase to
limit any electrical fault to earth fault.
NOTE The qualifying term "phase separation" can be applied to terminal chambers other than junction boxes.
411-41-36 pressure termination (pressure containing terminal box): A junction box designed so that all electrical
breakdown products inside the box remain completely inside.
SECTION 411-42 - BEARINGS AND LUBRICATION
411-42-01 bearing (bearing): A device that supports a rotating shaft and, if necessary, limits its axial movement.
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411-42-02 thrust bearing journal bearing: A cylindrical or partially cylindrical bearing that supports a journal of a shaft.
411-42-03 ball bearing (ball bearing): A bearing with a set of balls around its periphery.
411-42-04 roller bearing (roller bearing): A bearing with a set of rollers on the periphery.
411-42-05 thrust bearing thrust bearing: A bearing mounted to resist the axial movement of a shaft and carrying an
axial load.
411-42-06 guide bearing (guide bearing): A bearing fitted to restrict the lateral movement of a vertical shaft.
411-42-07 sleeve bearing (sleeve bearing): Support sleeve bearing.
411-42-08 split plain bearing split sleeve bearing: A split sleeve bearing that is decoupled during assembly.
411-42-09 sliding bearing, fixing position location sleeve bearingbearing that is installed to restrict the axial
movement of a horizontal shaft, but which is not designed to carry any continuous axial load
411-42-10 spring bearing spring loaded bearing: A ball bearing fitted with a spring to ensure full angular contact
between the balls and the inner and outer treads, thereby eliminating the effect of diametrical clearance in both bearings
of a machine having ball bearings at both ends.
411-42-11 segment bearing (pad type bearing): A support or thrust bearing in which the bearing surface is not
continuous but consists of individual segments.
411-42-12 self-aligning segment bearing (tilting pad bearing) Segment bearing in which the bushings are able to
move to improve the flow of lubricant between the bearing and the journal or shoulder.
411-42-13 self-lubricating bearing (self-lubricating bearing): A bearing coated with a material that contains its own
lubricant, which may require little or no additional lubricant to ensure satisfactory lubrication of the bearing.
411-42-14 ring oil lubricated bearing (oil ring lubricated bearing): A bearing in which a ring surrounding and rotating
on a journal supplies oil to lubricate the bearing from a reservoir in which the ring is immersed.
411-42-15 disc and ring lubricated bearing (disc and wiper lubricated bearing) Bearing in which a disc, mounted
concentrically to the shaft, is immersed in an oil reservoir; during the rotation of the shaft, oil is fed from the surface of the
disk by a scraper into the bearing.
411-42-16 line lubricated bearing (flood lubricated bearing) Bearing in which a continuous flow of grease is poured
over a bearing or journal under normal atmospheric pressure.
411-42-17 force lubricated bearing forced lubricated bearing: A bearing in which a continuous stream of lubricant is
forcedly poured over a bearing or journal.
411-42-18 pressure lubricated bearing (pressure lubricated bearing) Bearing in which a continuous flow of lubricant is
forced under the journal in the bearing.
411-42-19 pressure lubricated bearing oil-jacked bearing: A thrust bearing in which high pressure oil is forced under
a journal to form a lubricating film.
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411-42-20 rigid bearing (straight seated bearing) Support bearing in which the bush is mounted near a rigidly
mounted axle, adjustable by the support structure.
411-42-21 rigid bearing (spherically seated bearing) Support bearing in which the bush is supported in such a way that
the journal axis can move along the annular corner.
411-42-22 rolling bearing with labyrinth seals cartridge type bearing: Complete ball or roller bearing assembly,
consisting of a ball or roller bearing and a bearing housing, which is designed to fit into the end shield of a machine.
411-42-23 shield bearing (plug-in type bearing): A bearing assembly consisting of a bushing and a housing and some
kind of supporting structure, which is intended to accommodate the end plate of the machine.
411-42-24 bearing on the rack (pedestal bearing): Bearing assembly with bearing frame.
411-42-25 slinger ring (oil thrower): A peripheral ring or projection on the shaft near the journal designed to interrupt
the flow of oil along the shaft.
411-42-26 oil seal (oil seal) Sealing device in a bearing assembly to minimize oil leakage into or out of the machine
through the bearing.
411-42-27 gas tight seal (gas seal) Sealing device in a bearing assembly to minimize gas leakage into or out of the
machine through the bearing.
411-42-28 dust seal (dust seal): Sealing device to prevent dust from entering the bearing.
411-42-29 anti-friction filling of the bearing shell bearing lining: An assembly of the bearing lining in which the
journal rotates.
411-42-30 bearing shell bearing shell: An element of the support bearing assembly that supports the anti-friction
potting of the liner.
411-42-31 bearing shell (bearing liner): Bearing housing with anti-friction coating.
411-42-32 bearing cover bearing housing: A device that supports a bearing shell or ball or roller bearing in a bearing
system.
411-42-33 lubrication grooves oil grooves: Grooves cut in the surface of an anti-friction grout or sometimes in a
journal to help distribute oil over the bearing surface.
411-42-34 bearing clearance bearing clearance: The difference in diameter between the neck and the anti-friction
grout.
411-42-35 bearing pressure bearing pressure: load carried by the bearing per unit of projected surface area; this area
is the product of the length by the diameter of the neck.
SECTION 411-43 - MECHANICAL DESIGN, POSITIONING, DIRECTION OF ROTATION
411-43-01 stator (stator): Stationary part of the machine.
411-43-02 rotor (rotor): The rotating part of the machine.
411-43-03 anchor (armature): The part of a machine that has an armature winding.
411-43-04 excitation system (field system): The part of a machine that has a field winding.
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411-43-05 shaft (shaft): Part of a machine that carries rotating components and rests on bearings in which it can
rotate.
411-43-06 neck (shaft) (journal (of a shaft)): That part of the shaft that rotates inside the bearing.
411-43-07 protruding part of the shaft shaft extension: The part of the shaft extending beyond the bearing.
NOTE The bearing can be located on the machine itself or be part of an assembly that forms the machine and the
additional bearing (s).
411-43-08 shaft end (shaft end) Part of a shaft that is used to transmit torque from or to a machine.
NOTE The end of the shaft can be between the bearings of the machine, or between the machine and an additional
bearing, or it can be in the form of a protruding part.
411-43-09 intermediate shaft (jack shaft): A separate shaft with its own bearings, rigidly connected to the machine
shaft.
411-43-10 false shaft (stub shaft): A separate shaft without its own bearings, rigidly connected to the machine shaft.
411-43-11 dumbbell shaft; dividing shaft(dumb-bell shaft): A separate shaft that mechanically connects the shafts of
two machines.
411-43-12 torsion shaft (torque shaft): A thin shaft designed to increase flexibility between two connected shafts.
411-43-13 hollow shaft (quill shaft) Hollow shaft in which a solid shaft can be installed and connected to for increased
flexibility.
411-43-14 switch (key): A rod that is inserted into the grooves of two adjacent parts to transfer torque from one part to
another.
411-43-15 crosspiece (spider): A device that supports the rotor core or poles from the shaft, and usually consists of a
hub, crossbar and rim or modified attachments thereto.
411-43-16 split-rim rotor (segmental rim rotor): A rotor in which the rim is composed of alternating segmental plates
clamped, bolted or riveted.
411-43-17 rotor shroud ring rotor end-winding retaining ring: A mechanical device, such as a steel cylinder, that
surrounds the winding head of a high-speed rotor to restrict radial movement.
411-43-18 pressure plate (rotor) (end plate (of a rotor)): Disc mounted on the outside of the rotor shroud ring.
411-43-19 anchor band (binding band): A wire or strip of material with high tensile strength surrounding the rotor,
usually mounted on the winding head to keep the winding from moving radially.
411-43-20 groove wedge (slot wedge): A strip of material inserted into a slot above a winding that, as a result of
wedging or blocking, prevents the winding from moving radially.
411-43-21 bearing support (bearing pedestal): A device mounted on a base plate or base of a machine to support a
bearing.
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Page 23
411-43-22 insulated bearing support (insulated bearing pedestal): A bearing pedestal that is electrically isolated from
the support device to prevent currents from passing through the bearing.
411-43-23 insulated bearing housing insulated bearing housing
411-43-24 cantilever bearing support end bracket traverse or bracket attached to the body of the machine to support
the bearing
411-43-25 end shield (end shield): A solid or frame structure attached to the stator housing to protect the windings
and into which a bearing can be fitted.
411-43-26 winding cover end-winding cover: A cover to protect the winding head from mechanical damage and / or to
prevent unintentional contact with it.
411-43-27 stator housing (stator frame): A structure that supports the stator core.
411-43-28 one-piece (one-piece) case (box frame): A stator frame in the form of a box with terminals and side walls,
which contains the stator core.
411-43-29 lattice body skeleton frame: A stator housing consisting of a simple frame that grips the core without
enclosing it.
411-43-30 lined body laminated framestator frame formed from core plates clamped, bolted or riveted with or without
additional reinforcing plates
411-43-31 pivoting body (rotatable frame) stator housing that can be rotated a small angle around the axis of the
machine shaft.
411-43-32 axially displaceable housing end-shift frame: A stator housing that can be shifted along the axis of the
machine shaft for inspection purposes.
411-43-33 barring device; swivel mechanismbarring gear: A device that is manually or motor driven to rotate the
rotor of a machine at low speed.
411-43-34 type of construction (type of construction): The location of the machine components in relation to the equipment, the
location of the bearings and the protruding part of the shaft.
411-43-35 layout diagram mounting arrangement: Orientation in the working area of the machine as a whole in relation to
the centering of the shaft and the position of the equipment.
411-43-36 drive end of the machine; D-end (drive end of a machine; D-end): The end of the machine where the shaft
end is located.
NOTE Typically, this is the driving end of the engine or the driven end of the generator.
411-43-37 the end of the shaft opposite to the drive; N-end (non-drive end of a machine; N-end): End of the machine
opposite to the driven end.
411-43-38 direction of rotation direction of rotation as viewed along the shaft from the drive end of the machine
towards the opposite end of the shaft.
411-43-39 clockwise rotation (clockwise rotation) The direction of rotation corresponding to the direction of
movement of the clockwise hand.
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Page 24
411-43-40 counterclockwise rotation (anti-clockwise rotation): The direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of
movement of the clockwise hand.
SECTION 411-44 - COOLING
411-44-01 cooling (cooling): The procedure by which the heat generated by the losses occurring in the machine is
transferred to the primary cooler, which can be continuously recovered or can itself be cooled by the aftercooler in the heat
exchanger.
411-44-02 cooler (coolant): Medium, liquid or gas through which heat exchange takes place.
411-44-03 primary cooler (primary coolant): Medium, liquid or gas, which, when at a lower temperature than and in
contact with a machine unit, removes heat from that unit.
411-44-04 secondary cooler (secondary coolant): Medium, liquid or gas that, when at a lower temperature than the
primary coolant, removes the heat given off by this primary coolant by means of a heat exchanger or through the outside
of the machine.
411-44-05 aftercooler (final coolant): The last coolant to give off heat.
NOTE On some machines, the aftercooler is also a primary cooler.
411-44-06 environment (machines) (surrounding medium (of a machine)): A medium, liquid or gas that is around the
machine.
411-44-07 remote environment (from machine) (remote medium (of a machine)): Medium, liquid or gas located at a
distance from the machine from which the coolant is supplied and / or into which it exits through the inlet and / or outlet
pipe or duct.
411-44-08 direct cooled winding; internally cooled winding(direct cooled winding; inner cooled winding): A winding
cooled primarily by a cooler in direct contact with the refrigerated assembly through hollow wires, pipes, tunnels or ducts
which, despite their orientation, are an integral part of the winding inside the main insulation ...
411-44-09 cooled winding with intermediate refrigerant (indirect cooled winding): Any winding other than direct
cooled winding.
NOTE Wherever it is not specified whether a winding with direct cooling or with an intermediate refrigerant is used, a
cooled winding with an intermediate refrigerant is assumed.
411-44-10 heat exchanger (heat exchanger): A unit designed to transfer heat from one chiller to another, while both
chillers are located separately.
411-44-11 pipe; duct (cooling systems)(pipe; duct (of a cooling system)): A passage dedicated to the transfer of the
coolant.
411-44-12 open circuit (cooling systems) (open circuit (of a cooling system)): A circuit in which a coolant is taken
directly from the environment or from a remote environment, passed along or through a machine or heat exchanger and
then returned directly to the environment or discharged to a remote environment.
411-44-13 closed circuit (cooling systems) (closed circuit (of a cooling system)): A circuit in which the coolant
circulates in a closed loop (s) in or through the machine and possibly through a heat exchanger, heat is transferred from
the primary cooler to the next, secondary or final, cooler through the surface machine or heat exchanger.
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Page 25
411-44-14 chain with distribution in a pipe or duct (cooling systems) Piped or ducted circuit (of a cooling system
411-44-15 backup system or emergency cooling system (standby or emergency cooling system): A cooling system
that is provided in addition to the conventional cooling system and is intended to be used when the conventional system is
not available.
411-44-16 open loop machine (open machine): An open-circuit refrigeration machine in which refrigerant is supplied
directly from the environment, passing through the machine and then returning directly to the environment.
411-44-17 closed-loop machine (closed machine): A machine in which a cooling agent from the environment does not
pass through it.
411-44-18 airtight machine (sealed machine): A machine with special sealed leads to minimize leakage of the internal
coolant from the machine or from the environment to the machine during normal operation.
411-44-19 pressurized machine (pressurized machine): A machine in which the internal cooler is at a higher pressure
than the environment.
411-44-20 gas or vapor tight machine (gas-or vapor-proof machine): A machine in which the flow of the specified gas or vapor in
accordance with the specified conditions does not interfere with the operation of the machine.
411-44-21 pressurized machine (canned machine): A machine whose specified parts are completely enclosed and
protected from liquid by a sealing envelope.
411-44-22 body surface cooling machine (frame surface cooled machine): A closed-loop machine whose body surface
is cooled by the environment.
411-44-23 air cooled machine (air-to-air cooled machine): A closed-loop machine with a built-in or machine-mounted
heat exchanger, using air as primary and secondary cooler.
411-44-24 air-water cooled machine (air-to-water cooled machine): A closed system machine with a heat exchanger
using air as the primary cooler and water as the aftercooler.
411-44-25 water cooled machine (direct water cooled machine) A machine that uses water as the primary cooler.
411-44-26 free cooling machine (self-cooled machine): A machine in which cooling occurs as a result of its own
rotation.
411-44-27 independent cooling machine separately cooled machine: A machine in which cooling is achieved by
means other than its own rotation.
411-44-28 fan case (fan housing): A device around the fan that forms the outer boundaries for the cooling gas passing
through the fan.
411-44-29 fan shroud (fan shroud): The part of the fan that limits the escape of cooling gas from the fan blades.
411-44-30 radial core ventilation duct (radial core duct): The distance between the core plates provided for the radial
flow of the coolant.
411-44-31 axial core ventilation duct (axial core duct): The axial passage through the core plates provided for the
axial flow of the coolant.
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Page 26
411-44-32 guide (guide): Device for controlling the flow direction of the coolant inside the machine.
411-44-33 ventilation duct (air trunking): A separate device mounted on the machine to supply cooling air to or from
the machine, heat exchanger, filter, fan or other device mounted on the machine.
SECTION 411-45 - DEGREE OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY CASES
(pending) *
_______________
* So in original
SECTION 411-46 - STATE VARIABLE (MACHINES)
411-46-01 current tube (distributed winding) (current linkage (of a distributed winding)): The product of multiple
wires around the periphery of the winding and the current, in amperes, circulating through those wires.
411-46-02 ampere-turns (ampere-turns): The product of several turns of a coil or winding, distributed or concentrated,
and the current, in amperes, circulating through those turns.
411-46-03 electrical machine load (electric loading of a machine): Average current tube of the primary winding per
unit length along the perimeter in the air gap.
411-46-04 distributed winding electrical load (electric loading of a distributed winding): Average tube of the winding
current per unit length along the perimeter in the air gap.
411-46-05 air gap magnetic induction (magnetic loading): Average flow per unit surface area in the air gap.
411-46-06 synchronous speed (synchronous speed) speed resulting from the frequency of the system to which the
machine is connected and either the number of poles or standard protrusions in the machine.
411-46-07 slip (slip): The difference between the synchronous speed and the actual speed of the rotor, expressed as a
unit or percentage of the synchronous speed.
SECTION 411-47 - SPECIFICATIONS
411-47-01 saturation curve (characteristic) (saturation characteristic) Relationship between armature / primary coil
voltage and excitation or magnetizing current at given load conditions, speed, etc.
411-47-02 magnetization characteristic (magnetization characteristic) relationship between flux and magnetizing
current
411-47-03 idle characteristic open-circuit characteristic no-load characteristic saturation curve of the machine without
load at specified speed or frequency modes
411-47-04 load characteristic load characteristic saturation curve of the machine at a given constant load or current
frequency.
411-47-05 short-circuit characteristic short-circuit characteristicdependence between the current in the shortcircuited armature winding and the field current at a given speed
411-47-06 short-circuit impedance characteristic (synchronous machine) locked-rotor impedance characteristic (of
a synchronous machine): Relationship between primary current and primary voltage
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windings when the rotor is stationary, and with a short-circuited secondary winding.
411-47-07 load characteristic at zero power factor zero power-factor characteristic
411-47-08 voltage regulation characteristic voltage regulation characteristicdependence between armature winding
and generator load in specified modes
411-47-09 speed control characteristic (speed regulation characteristic) Relationship between the speed and the load
of the motor in specified modes.
411-47-10 V-shaped characteristic (V-curve characteristic): For a synchronous machine, the relationship between the
armature winding current and the field current at constant values of the armature winding voltage and the resistive load.
411-47-11 angular load characteristic load angle characteristic: For a synchronous machine, the relationship between
the rotor deflection angle and the resistive load at constant armature voltage and field current.
411-47-12 pie chart (circle diagram): Characteristic of a synchronous or asynchronous machine, showing the
relationship between the active and reactive components of the armature winding current in specified modes.
411-47-13 frequency response (AC machines) (frequency response characteristic (of a.s. machine)): The relationship
between the complex conductance or its reciprocal (complex resistance) or their components and the frequency of the
rotor current. The latter is usually expressed as slip.
SECTION 411-48 - CHARACTERISTIC VALUES
411-48-01 loading moment (load torque) torque required to apply a load to the end of the motor shaft at any given
time while the motor is at rest, starting, running or braking.
411-48-02 braking torque break loose torque (of a load) torque required to apply a load to the end of the motor shaft
as soon as the driven machine is started from standstill.
411-48-03 load starting torque (load starting torque) torque required to apply a load to the end of the motor shaft
during the starting period from rest to reaching the speed under load; those. up to the frequency when acceleration stops.
411-48-04 full load moment (load full torque) Torque required to apply a load to the end of the motor shaft when this
torque of the driven machine reaches full load.
411-48-05 rated torque (rated torque) torque that the motor develops at the end of the shaft at rated power output
and speed.
411-48-06 locked rotor torque (locked-rotor torque) The smallest measured torque that a motor develops at the end
of the shaft with the rotor locked, in an angular position, at rated voltage and frequency.
411-48-07 Starting torque (starting torque) Electromagnetic torque generated by the motor minus the ventilation and
frictional moments of the motor during the starting period from zero rpm to load rpm at rated voltage and frequency.
411-48-08 accelerating moment (accelerating torque) Difference between the starting torque and the starting load
torque available to accelerate the motor and the mechanical load.
411-48-09 rated input torque (nominal pull-in torque) Torque at which a synchronous motor is able to operate as an
asynchronous motor when its speed is 95% of the synchronous frequency
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rotation with rated voltage applied at rated frequency, at which the field winding is not energized and its terminals are
connected together either directly or through a suitable resistor.
411-48-10 braking torque (braking torque): The moment when the engine is running at any given point in time.
411-48-11 inherent braking torque (inherent braking torque) torque that the motor tends to when stopping from full
load rpm to zero rpm when disconnected from the power system and free of load, pulley or coupling, etc.
411-48-12 electric braking torque (electrical braking torque) braking torque that the motor develops at the end of its
shaft during stopping from load speed to zero speed as a result of currents supplied to some of its windings for this
purpose.
411-48-13 mechanical braking torque mechanical braking torque: The braking torque that a mechanical braking
device added to the motor causes at the end of the motor shaft.
411-48-14 block acceleration time unit acceleration time: The time that can be required to bring the rotating parts of
the machine from standstill to the rated speed if the accelerating moment is constant and equal to the ratio of the rated
active power to the rated angular velocity.
411-48-15 locked rotor current locked-rotor current: The highest effective steady-state current from an electrical
circuit, when the motor is at rest, at all angular positions of its rotor, at rated voltage and frequency.
411-48-16 locked rotor current of the motor or starting device locked-rotor current of a motor and starter: The
highest effective steady-state current from the electrical circuit with the locked rotor at all angular positions of the rotor,
with the starter in the initial starting position and at rated voltage and frequency.
411-48-17 starting current (starting current) The highest effective steady-state current from the electrical circuit
during the starting period, from zero speed to rotation, under load and at rated voltage and frequency.
411-48-18 maximum switching current (peak-switching current): The highest maximum transient current achieved
after a switching operation on the machine.
411-48-19 steady-state short-circuit current steady short-circuit current: The steady-state short-circuit current in the
armature winding, the speed and excitation, if any, are kept at their rated values.
411-48-20 initial intermittent short-circuit current (initial periodic short-circuit current) effective value of the current
in the armature winding immediately after a sudden short-circuit of the winding, the aperiodic component of the current, if
any, is excluded.
411-48-21 initial aperiodic short-circuit current (initial aperiodic component of short-circuit current): The component
of the current in the armature winding immediately after its sudden short circuit, all fundamental and over-frequency
components are excluded.
411-48-22 maximum aperiodic short-circuit current (maximum aperiodic shortcircuit current): The maximum value
that the current reaches in the armature winding within half a cycle after its sudden short circuit, under conditions where
the initial value of any aperiodic component of the current is at its maximum.
411-48-23 transient current (transient current) Current that, at rated voltage, flows through the armature winding
when the reactance value is equal to the transient reactance of the machine.
411-48-24 overtransient current (sub-transient current) Current which, at rated voltage, flows through the armature
winding when the reactance value is equal to the sub-transient reactance
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cars.
411-48-25 DC time constant (aperiodic time constant): The time constant of the aperiodic component, when it is
practically exponential, or the time constant of the exponential, which bypasses it when it shows an explicit periodicity.
411-48-26 transient time constant along the longitudinal axis with an open armature winding (direct-axis
transient open-circuit time constant) time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for a gradual change in
the voltage component along the longitudinal axis with an open armature due to axial flux to decrease to 1 / e equal to
0.368 of the initial value , the machine is running at rated speed.
411-48-27 transient time constant along the longitudinal axis when the armature winding is short-circuited
(direct-axis transient short-circuit time constant): Time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for a gradual
change in the component of the current, along the longitudinal axis with the short-circuited armature winding, to decrease
to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-48-28 super-transient time constant along the longitudinal axis with an open armature winding (directaxis
sub-transient open-circuit time constant): Time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for a rapid change
in the voltage component present during the first few cycles along the longitudinal axis with an open armature due to axial
flux to decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine operates at the rated speed.
411-48-29 super-transient time constant along the longitudinal axis with short-circuited armature winding
(direct-axis sub-transient short-circuit time constant): Time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for a
rapid change in the current component present during the first few cycles along the longitudinal axis with the armature
winding short-circuited, to decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine operates at the rated speed.
411-48-30 short-circuited armature winding time constant (short-circuit time constant of armature winding) Time
after a sudden change in operating conditions required for a rapid change in the DC component of the current, with the
armature winding short-circuited, to decrease to 1 / e, equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine is running at rated
frequency rotation.
411-48-31 transient time constant along the transverse axis with open armature winding (quadratureaxis
transient open-circuit time constant) time after a sudden change in operating conditions, required for a gradual change in
the voltage component, along the transverse axis with the armature winding open, to decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of
the initial value, the machine operates at the rated frequency rotation.
411-48-32 transient time constant along the transverse axis when the armature winding is short-circuited
(quadrature-axis transient short-circuit time constant): Time after a sudden change in operating conditions, required for a
gradual change in the component of the current, along the transverse axis with the armature winding short-circuited, to
decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-48-33 super-transient time constant along the transverse axis with open armature winding
(quadrature-axis sub-transient open-circuit time constant) time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for
a rapid change in the voltage component, along the transverse axis with an open armature winding due to axial flux, to
decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of initial value, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-48-34 super-transient time constant along the transverse axis with short-circuited armature winding
(quadrature-axis sub-transient short-circuit time constant): Time after a sudden change in operating conditions required for
a rapid change in the current component present during the first few cycles along the transverse axis when the armature
winding is short-circuited, to decrease to 1 / e equal to 0.368 of the initial value, the machine operates at the rated speed.
411-48-35 critical resistance in the excitation circuit (critical build-up resistance) highest parallel winding resistance
provided by the armature winding at which the machine voltage
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increases in the given conditions.
411-48-36 critical rate of rise of excitation (critical build-up speed): The lowest speed at which the machine voltage
increases under a given condition.
411-48-37 ceiling voltage (ceiling voltage): The maximum voltage that, under operating conditions, the generator is
capable of supplying from the terminals for a limited time.
411-48-38 angular displacement in synchronous generators (angular displacement in synchronous generators):
Angular displacement of the pole axis from loaded to unloaded position, expressed as a measure of the electrical angle, the
frequency remains constant.
411-48-39 critical vortex speed (critical whirling speeds) rotational speed at which the vibration amplitudes of the
rotor of the machine, due to vibration during bending of the shaft, reach their maximum values.
411-48-40 critical torsion speed (critical torsional speeds) RPM at which the vibration amplitudes of the machine rotor,
due to torsional vibration, reach their maximum values.
411-48-41 torque (AC motor) (pull-up torque (of an a.c. motor)): The smallest steady state torque of an induction
motor, developed by it during the time interval from zero speed to the speed that corresponds to the braking torque at the
rated values of voltage and frequency.
Notes (edit)
1. This definition does not apply to those induction motors, the torque of which is continuously decreasing.
with increasing rotation speed.
2. At certain speeds, in addition to the steady state asynchronous moments,
also synchronous torques from higher harmonics, which are functions of the load angle of a synchronous machine.
411-48-42 overturning torque (AC motor) (breakdown torque (of an a.s. motor)): Maximum steady-state torque of an
induction motor, developed by it in the absence of a sharp drop in speed at the nominal values of the supply voltage and
frequency.
NOTE This definition does not apply to those induction motors whose torque continuously decreases with increasing
speed.
411-48-43 maximum continuous torque (synchronous motor) (pull-out torque (of a synchronous motor)) Maximum
torque generated by a synchronous motor rotating at synchronous speed at the rated supply voltage, frequency and field
current.
411-48-44 synchronous torque in an induction motor (cogging torque) Cyclic torque in a de-energized permanent
magnet motor due to the tendency of the rotor and stator to self-align in a state of minimum reluctance.
411-48-45 stop position (detent position): The position at which the rotor of a permanent magnet motor or hybrid
stepper motor comes to rest when it is de-energized and de-energized.
411-48-46 stopping moment (detent torque): The maximum steady state torque that can be applied to the shaft of a
de-energized permanent magnet motor or hybrid stepper motor without being constantly rotated.
411-48-47 resolution (resolution): The inverse of the number of steps of the stepper motor per revolution of the shaft.
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411-48-48 locked rotor apparent power locked rotor apparent power Apparent power consumption while holding the
motor at rest at rated supply voltage and rated frequency.
SECTION 411-49 - ANALYTICAL VALUES
411-49-01 anchor reaction (armature reaction) magnetomotive force controlled by the current (s) in the armature
winding or, more broadly, the final change that occurs in the magnetic flux in an air gap.
411-49-02 synchronous electromotive force (synchronous generated voltage) electromotive force generated in the
armature winding when open circuit, in the absence of saturation, with a flux corresponding to the field current for the
conditions in question.
411-49-03 longitudinal component of the magnetomotive force (direct-axis component of magnetomotive force):
The component of the magnetomotive force that is directed along the axis of the field poles.
411-49-04 transverse component of the magnetomotive force quadrature-axis component of magnetomotive force
411-49-05 longitudinal current component (direct-axis component of current): The component of the current that generates
the longitudinal component of the magnetomotive force of the armature reaction.
411-49-06 transverse current component (quadrature-axis component of current): The component of the current that
generates the magnetomotive force component along the transverse axis of the armature response.
411-49-07 longitudinal component of synchronous electromotive force direct-axis component of synchronous
generated voltage
411-49-08 transverse synchronous electromotive force component (quadrature-axis component of synchronous
generated voltage)
411-49-09 longitudinal stress component direct-axis component of voltage
411-49-10 transverse stress component (quadrature-axis component of voltage) potential difference resulting from
the vector addition of the transverse axis synchronous electromotive force component and the transverse axis voltage drop
411-49-11 supertransient electromotive force along the longitudinal axis direct-axis sub-transient voltage:
Component of the terminal voltage along the longitudinal axis that occurs immediately after the sudden opening of the
external circuit, when the machine is operating at a given load, and before the flux changes in the excitation and damping
circuits.
411-49-12 supertransient transverse electromotive force (quadrature-axis sub-transient voltage) component of the
transverse-axis terminal voltage that occurs immediately after the sudden opening of the external circuit when the machine
is operating at a given load, and before flux changes in the excitation and damping circuits occur.
411-49-13 transient electromotive force along the longitudinal axis (direct-axis transient voltage) component of the
terminal voltage along the longitudinal axis that occurs immediately after a sudden external circuit opening when the
machine is operating at a given load, if components with very fast damping, which may occur in the first periods, are not
taken into account.
411-49-14 transverse electromotive force quadrature-axis transient voltage
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external circuit, when the machine is operating at a given load, unless the components with very fast damping, which can
occur in the first periods, are not taken into account.
SECTION 411-50 - PARAMETERS
411-50-01 synchronous impedance synchronous impedance: The ratio of the value (a) of the vector difference between the
synchronous emf and the voltage at the terminals of a synchronous machine (b) to the steady-state current.
411-50-02 asynchronous impedance (asynchronous impedance) Ratio of the sinusoidal voltage of a phase winding in
a balanced system connected to a synchronous machine de-synchronized to a current component of the same frequency in
the same phase winding.
411-50-03 negative sequence impedance negative sequence impedance ratio of the negative sequence voltage
component, presumably sinusoidal, at the terminals of a synchronizing machine to the negative sequence current
component of the same frequency
411-50-04 zero sequence impedance (zero sequence impedance) Ratio of the component of the zero sequence
voltage, presumably sinusoidal, supplied to a synchronous machine to the component of the zero sequence current of the
same frequency.
411-50-05 asynchronous reactance (asynchronous reactance) Ratio of the reactive component of the mean voltage at
rated frequency, presumably sinusoidal and balanced, applied to the armature winding of a machine rotating out of sync to
the mean current component of the same frequency.
411-50-06 effective synchronous reactance
(effective
synchronous
reactance):
The estimated value of the synchronous reactance used to represent the machine when calculating the system for a specific
operating environment.
411-50-07 longitudinal synchronous reactance (direct-axis synchronous reactance): The ratio of the stable value of
the main variable component of the armature voltage, created by the general main flux along the longitudinal axis due to
the component of the armature current along the longitudinal axis, to the value of the main variable component of this
current, the machine operates at the rated speed.
411-50-08 transverse synchronous reactance (quadrature-axis synchronous reactance): The ratio of the stable value
of the main variable component of the armature voltage, created by the total main flux along the transverse axis due to the
component of the armature current along the transverse axis, to the value of the main variable component of this current,
the machine operates at the rated speed.
411-50-09 longitudinal transient reactance (direct-axis transient reactance): Ratio of the initial value of a sudden
change in the main variable component of the armature voltage, created by the total main flow along the longitudinal axis,
to the value of a simultaneous change in the main variable component of the armature current along the longitudinal axis,
the machine is operating at rated speed, and the higher components of the decrement are excluded during the first cycles.
411-50-10 transverse transverse reactance (quadrature-axis transient reactance) Ratio of the initial value of the
sudden change in the fundamental variable component of the armature voltage generated by the total main flux along the
transverse axis to the value of the simultaneous change in the fundamental variable component of the armature current
along the transverse axis, the machine is operating at rated speed, and the higher components of the decrement are
excluded during the first cycles.
411-50-11 longitudinal supertransient reactance (direct-axis subtransient reactance): Ratio of the initial value of the
sudden change in the main variable component of the armature voltage, created by the total flux in the armature along the
longitudinal axis, to the value of the simultaneous change in the main variable component of the armature current along
the longitudinal axis, the machine is operating at the rated speed.
411-50-12 supertransient transverse reactance (quadrature-axis subtransient reactance): Ratio of the initial value of
a sudden change in the fundamental variable component of a voltage
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Page 33
of the armature, created by the total primary flow in the armature along the transverse axis, to the value of the simultaneous
change in the main variable component of the armature current along the transverse axis, the machine operates at the rated
speed.
411-50-13 Potier reactance Potier reactance: Leakage reactance in the field winding, in the load state and in the
overexcited zone, which is used instead of the leakage reactance in the armature to calculate the excitation under load
using the Potier method.
411-50-14 positive sequence reactance (positive sequence reactance) Ratio of the reactive fundamental component of
the positive sequence armature voltage, due to the sinusoidal current of the positive sequence armature, to the value of
this component of the current, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-50-15 negative sequence reactance negative sequence reactance ratio of the reactive fundamental component of
the negative sequence armature voltage due to the sinusoidal current of the negative sequence armature to the value of
this current component, the machine is operating at rated speed.
411-50-16 zero sequence reactance (zero sequence reactance) Ratio of the reactive fundamental component of the
zero sequence armature voltage, due to the basic current of the zero sequence armature, to the value of this current
component, the machine is operating at rated speed.
411-50-17 asynchronous resistance (asynchronous resistance) Ratio of the active component of the mean voltage at
rated frequency, presumably sinusoidal and balanced, applied to the armature winding of a machine rotating out of sync to
the mean of the current component of the same frequency.
411-50-18 positive sequence resistance (positive sequence resistance) Ratio of the in-mode component of the positive
sequence armature voltage, corresponding to the losses in the armature winding and parasitic losses, and due to the
sinusoidal current of the positive sequence armature, to the value of this component of the current, the machine is running
at rated speed.
411-50-19 negative sequence resistance negative sequence resistance ratio of the common-mode fundamental
component of the negative sequence armature voltage, due to the sinusoidal current of the negative sequence armature at
rated frequency, to the value of this component of the current, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-50-20 zero sequence resistance (zero sequence resistance) Ratio of the common-mode fundamental component
of the zero sequence armature voltage due to the sinusoidal fundamental current of the zero sequence armature at rated
frequency to the value of this component of the current, the machine is running at rated speed.
411-50-21 short circuit ratio short-circuit ratio ratio of the field current at rated armature voltage in the open circuit to
the field current at the rated armature current with a permanent symmetrical short-circuit, both on a machine running at
rated speed.
411-50-22 saturation coefficient (saturation factor): The ratio of the saturated value of a quantity under a given
condition to its unsaturated value.
411-50-23 sync ratio synchronizing coefficient Ratio of shaft power to rotor angular displacement at rated voltage,
output power, power factor and frequency.
411-50-24 sync power factor synchronizing power coefficient: The ratio of the change in electrical power to the
change in the angular displacement of the rotor.
411-50-25 nominal form factor of the direct current supplied to the motor armature
direct current from a stationary power converter (rated form factor of direct current supplied to a dc motor armature
from a static power converter): Ratio of the maximum permissible r.m.s. current
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to its mean
Page 34
(obtained by integrating the average values over one period) at
standardized conditions.
411-50-26 ripple current (current ripple factor) Ratio of the difference between the maximum value of the intermittent
electric current and its minimum value to twice the mean value
obtained and its minimum value to twice the average value (obtained
integration over one period).
SECTION 411-51 - LOAD, MODE, POWER
411-51-01 load (machine) (load (of a machine)): All electrical and mechanical values that indicate the current load of
an electrical circuit or mechanism on a rotating machine.
411-51-02 zero load (work) (no-load (operation)): The state of the machine rotating at zero output.
411-51-03 dormant state and power outage (rest and de-energized): Complete absence of any movement and power
supply or mechanical drive.
411-51-04 output power (machines) (output power (of a machine)): The total power, electrical or mechanical,
produced by a machine.
411-51-05 input power (machines) (input power (of a machine)): The total power, electrical or mechanical, supplied to
the machine.
411-51-06 mode (operation) (duty): Calculation of the load on the machine, including, if applicable, starting, electric
braking, no load, periods of rest and power outages, as well as their duration and timing.
411-51-07 duty cycle (duty cycle) repetitive load change at which the cycle time is too short to achieve thermal
equilibrium in the first cycle.
411-51-08 thermal equilibrium thermal equilibrium state which is reached when the temperature rise of some parts
of the machine does not change by more than a 2K gradient per hour.
411-51-09 duration of inclusion cyclic duration factor: The ratio between the loading period, including starting and
electric braking, to the duty cycle, expressed as a percentage.
411-51-10 full load (full load): Load at which the machine starts to run at rated power.
411-51-11 full load value (full load value): The parameter value for the machine running at full load.
411-51-12 intermittent load mode (periodic duty): A type of duty in which the duty cycle is repeated at regular
intervals.
411-51-13 mode type (duty type): Continuous, short-term or intermittent duty, involving one or more loads that remain
constant for a given duration, or non-periodic duty, in which the load and speed usually vary within the allowable operating
range.
411-51-14 continuous load mode; mode typeS1 (continuous running duty; duty type S1): Operation under constant
load for a sufficient duration until thermal equilibrium is reached.
411-51-15 short-term mode; mode typeS2 (short-time duty; duty type S2): Operation at constant load for a given time
that is less than the time required to achieve thermal equilibrium, followed by a period of rest and voltage cut-off of
sufficient duration to restore
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Page 35
machine and heat exchanger temperature within ± 2K of the final cooler temperature.
411-51-16 intermittent periodic load mode; mode typeS3 (intermittent periodic duty; duty type S3): A sequence of
identical duty cycles, each of which includes a period of operation at constant load and a period of rest and power outage.
The cycle of this mode is such that the inrush current has no significant effect on the temperature rise.
411-51-17 intermittent intermittent load mode with start; mode typeS4 (intermittent periodic duty with starting;
duty type S4): A sequence of identical duty cycles, each of which includes an important starting period, a period of
operation at constant load and a period of dormancy and power outage.
411-51-18 intermittent intermittent load mode with electric braking; mode typeS5
(intermittent periodic duty with electric braking; duty type S5): A sequence of identical duty cycles, each of which includes a
starting period, a period of operation under constant load, a period of rapid electric braking, and a period of rest and
voltage cut-off.
411-51-19 continuous mode of intermittent load; mode typeS6 (continuous-operation periodic duty; duty type S6): A
sequence of identical duty cycles, each of which includes a period of operation at constant load and a period of no load;
there is no period of rest and power outage.
411-51-20 continuous mode of intermittent load with electric braking; mode typeS7
(continuous-operation periodic duty with electric braking; duty type S7): A sequence of identical duty cycles, each of which
includes a starting period, a period of operation at constant load and a period of electric braking; there is no period of rest
and power outage.
411-51-21 continuous mode of intermittent load with change in speed under load;
S8 mode (continuous-operation periodic duty with related load-speed changes; duty type S8): A sequence of identical duty
cycles, each of which includes a period of operation at constant load corresponding to a predetermined speed of rotation,
followed by one or more periods of operation at other constant loads corresponding to different speeds of rotation
(performed, for example, by varying number of poles in the case of induction motors); there is no period of rest and power
outage.
411-51-22 mode with non-periodic load and speed changes; mode typeS9 (duty with non-periodic load and speed
variations; duty type S9): A duty in which, as a rule, the load and the speed do not change periodically within the permissible
operating range. This mode includes frequently applied overloads that can greatly exceed the full load (s).
411-51-23 nominal value (rated value) value of a value, usually set by the manufacturer, for the specified operating
conditions of the machine.
411-51-24 parameter (rating): A set of ratings and operating conditions.
SECTIONS 411-52 - OPERATION
411-52-01 start (starting): The process of bringing the machine from rest and releasing the stress to the state of
rotation.
NOTE This process includes energizing, starting, accelerating and, if required, synchronizing with power.
411-52-02 starting off (of the electric motor) (breakaway): The state of the machine at the moment of exiting the rest state to the
rotating state.
411-52-03 acceleration (accelerating): The process of increasing the speed of the machine after starting off.
411-52-04 synchronization (synchronizing): A process or sequence of processes by which a synchronous machine,
after acceleration, becomes synchronized with another synchronous machine or system.
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Page 36
411-52-05 accurate synchronization (ideal synchronizing) Synchronization of a machine by adjusting voltage,
frequency and phase angle so that the mode of operation of the machine is as close as possible to the mode of the machine
or the systems with which it is synchronized.
411-52-06 synchronization without synchrocheck (random synchronizing): Synchronizing a machine by adjusting the
voltage to match the voltage of another machine or system, but without adjusting the frequency and phase angle of the
input machine to be as close as possible to the mode of the machine or system with which it is synchronizing.
411-52-07 motor synchronization (motor synchronizing): The synchronization of a machine by excitation after
acceleration until it reaches nearly synchronous speed and after it is connected to a machine or system with which it is
synchronized.
411-52-08 rough sync (coarse synchronizing) Synchronization of a machine by connecting it to a machine or system
with which it is synchronized, after acceleration to near-synchronous speed and after excitation.
411-52-09 synchronization due to the moment of salient polarity (reluctance synchronizing): Synchronization by
reaching the speed of a salient pole synchronous machine at almost synchronous speed, but without applying excitation to
it.
411-52-10 synchronous mode (synchronous operation) Operation of a machine where the rotor speed is the same as
the synchronous speed.
411-52-11 asynchronous mode (asynchronous operation) Operation of a machine in which the rotor speed is different
than the synchronous speed.
411-52-12 synchronicity introduction (pulling into synchronism): The process of achieving synchronism by changing
an asynchronous speed to a synchronous speed.
411-52-13 out of synchronicity (pulling out of synchronism): The process of losing synchronism by changing the
synchronous speed to a lower asynchronous speed.
411-52-14 decreased synchronicity rising out of synchronism: The process of losing synchronism by changing the
synchronous speed to a higher asynchronous speed.
411-52-15 direct on line start (direct-on-line starting) The process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to a
power supply at rated voltage.
411-52-16 star-delta starting (star-delta starting) Process of starting a three-phase motor by connecting it to a power
source with the primary winding initially star-connected and then delta-switched during operation.
411-52-17 autotransformer start (auto-transformer starting) The process of starting an AC motor at reduced voltage
by connecting the primary winding first with an autotransformer and then during operating mode by switching the winding
directly to the power supply at rated voltage.
411-52-18 starting through an autotransformer with a power interruption (open transition auto-transformer
starting) The process of starting through the autotransformer while the motor is disconnected from the supply during the
transition from undervoltage to rated voltage.
411-52-19 autotransformer start (closed transition auto-transformer starting) The process of starting through the
auto-transformer while the motor remains connected to the supply during the transition from undervoltage to rated
voltage.
411-52-20 reactor start-up reactor starting process of starting a motor at reduced voltage by first connecting it in
series with a reactor (inductor) short-circuited during operation
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regime.
411-52-21 rheostat start with a resistor in the rotor circuit (rotor resistance starting) The process of starting a
wound rotor induction motor or synchronized induction motor by first connecting the rotor winding in series with a starting
rheostat short-circuited during operation.
411-52-22 rheostat starting with a resistor in the stator circuit (stator resistance starting) Undervoltage starting
process by first connecting the stator winding in series with a starting rheostat short-circuited during operation.
411-52-23 start-up with series-parallel switching of windings (series-parallel starting) Process of starting a motor by
connecting it to a power source, in which the circuits of each phase stator winding are initially connected in series and then
switched to parallel connection during the operating mode.
411-52-24 starting with a part of the winding (part-winding starting) The process of starting a motor by connecting it
to a power source with one circuit of each phase stator winding, initially connected to all circuits of each phase, and then
during the operating mode, connected in parallel with all circuits of each phase.
411-52-25 starting with a series-connected starting motor (series connected starting-motor starting) The process of
starting the motor by connecting the stator winding to the power supply in series with the stator winding of the starting
motor short-circuited during the operating mode.
411-52-26 periodic change in (angular) speed cyclic irregularity: Periodic fluctuation in speed caused by a change in
prime mover torque.
411-52-27 hesitation (hunting): Fluctuation of the rotational speed with respect to the state of uniform rotation.
411-52-28 phase swing phase swinging: A type of swing in which fluctuations are periodic changes in the speed of a
synchronous machine above or below the normal speed.
411-52-29 exciter voltage change rate (exciter response): The rate at which the exciter voltage rises or falls when a
voltage change is required.
411-52-30 voltage rise (voltage build-up): Automatic generation of excitation and internal electromotive force of the
generator.
411-52-31 impedance voltage drop (impedance drop): Product of current and internal impedance; it is the vector
difference between the internal electromotive force and the voltage at the terminals of the machine.
411-52-32 ripple current (current pulsation): The difference between the maximum and minimum amplitude of the
motor current during one cycle, corresponding to one revolution under load, expressed as a percentage of the average
current value during that cycle.
NOTE For a.c. motors, all currents in this definition are effective currents.
411-52-33 regulation (generator) regulation (of a generator) change in voltage resulting from a change in load
NOTE Voltage variation often occurs between full load and no load operation.
411-52-34 regulation (engine) (regulation (of a motor)): Change in speed as a result of a change in load.
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NOTE Changes in speed often occur between full load and no load operation.
411-52-35 automatic regulation (generator) inherent regulation (of a generator) change in voltage resulting from a
change in load the speed remains constant and the excitation is not regulated.
411-52-36 automatic regulation (engine) (inherent regulation (of a motor)) change in speed as a result of a change in
load due only to the basic characteristics of the motor itself; voltage and frequency remain constant, and excitation is not
regulated.
411-52-37 mixed excitation machine characteristic compounding characteristicrelationship between the voltage or
speed or power factor and the load current of a mixed excitation machine
411-52-38 neutral zone (neutral zone): An armature zone between two consecutive poles in which the flux is zero, or,
in an expanded sense, a collector zone in which the voltage between two successive segments is zero when the machine is
running without load.
411-52-39 spark-free zone (black band): Area of variation of the field strength of the auxiliary poles, in which the
switching is practically non-sparking for a given load range with the installation of fixed brushes.
411-52-40 pole slip pole slipping: Process of the excitation system of a synchronous machine slipping one pole pitch
with respect to the magnetic flux in the armature.
411-52-41 operation (three-phase motor) with one phase break (single-phasing): Abnormal operation of a
polyphase machine receiving a single-phase power supply.
411-52-42 jogging (inching): Angular movement or slow rotation of an electrically powered machine.
411-52-43 getting stuck (crawling): Stable but abnormal running of a synchronous or asynchronous machine at a
speed close to the sub-synchronous speed.
411-52-44 spontaneous rotation (DC motor) (creeping (of a dc motor)): Undesirable running at low speed of the AC
motor due to residual magnetism.
411-52-45 electromagnetic braking (electromagnetic braking): A system in which a brake is applied or disengaged by
an electromagnet.
411-52-46 electric braking (electric braking): A system in which a car is braked, causing it to generate electricity that is
either dissipated or returned to the power source.
411-52-47 dynamic braking (dynamic braking): An electrical braking system in which an excited machine is
disconnected from the power source and connected to a generator, the energy is dissipated in the winding and, if
necessary, in a separate resistor.
411-52-48 capacitor braking (capacitor braking): Dynamic braking for induction machines, during which a capacitor is
used to hold the magnetizing current, thus making the machine operate as a generator when disconnected from the
system.
411-52-49 DC braking (dc injection braking): Dynamic braking for asynchronous machines, during which a selfcontained DC power supply provides a magnetizing current, thus causing the machine to operate as a generator when
disconnected from the system.
411-52-50 regenerative braking regenerative braking: Electrical braking in which energy is returned to the system.
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Page 39
411-52-51 regenerative braking of the DC machine; opposing braking
(regenerative braking of a dc machine; counter-current braking (deprecated))
411-52-52 braking at a speed higher than synchronous (over-synchronous braking): Regenerative braking for
induction motors, in which the rotor is forced to rotate at a speed higher than synchronous speed.
411-52-53 braking by changing the order of the phases; countercurrent braking(plug braking; plugging
(deprecated)): Electrical braking for an induction motor by means of reverse phase sequence when connected to the
system.
411-52-54 eddy current braking (eddy-current braking): Electrical braking in which the energy to be dissipated is
converted into heat by eddy currents generated in the metal mass.
SECTION 411-53 - OPERATION AND TESTING
411-53-01 type tests (type test): Testing one or more machines of a specific design to show that the design meets
specifications.
411-53-02 scheduled check (routine test) test by which it is necessary to verify that each individual machine, during or
after production, meets certain criteria.
411-53-03 performance test (performance test):
NOTE - This definition is still under discussion.
411-53-04 retesting (duplicate test):
NOTE - This definition is still under discussion.
411-53-05 random tests (sampling test) A test of several machines selected at random from a batch.
411-53-06 performance tests commissioning testtests of a machine or equipment carried out on site to verify correct
installation and operation
411-53-07 acceptance tests acceptance test contractual tests to demonstrate to the customer that the machine meets
the specification.
411-53-08 efficiency (efficiency): Ratio of active output power to active input power, expressed per unit or percentage.
411-53-09 power losses (machines); total losses (machines)(power losses (of a machine); total loss (of a machine)):
The current time difference between the total active input power and the total active output power.
411-53-10 direct determination of efficiency direct determination of efficiency: Determination of efficiency based on
direct measurements of active input power and active output power.
411-53-11 indirect determination of efficiency indirect determination of efficiencydetermination of efficiency from the
measurement of power loss.
411-53-12 total loss efficiency determination determination of efficiency from total loss: An indirect determination of
efficiency from a direct measurement of the total power loss.
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Page 40
411-53-13 determination of efficiency by summing the individual losses determination of efficiency from
summation of losses: Indirect determination of efficiency by summing separately measured loss components.
411-53-14 torque sensor testing; braking test(torque meter test; brake test) test in which the mechanical output of
an electrical machine is determined by measuring the shaft torque together with the rotational speed
Notes:
1. The test is applicable to machines that function as an engine and is carried out using
brake device, dynamometer; or other suitable device for determining the power output.
2. The test is applicable to machines serving as a generator and is carried out using
dynamometer; or other suitable device for determining the input power.
411-53-15 dynamometric testing (dynamometer test): Torque sensor test where the torque is measured by a
dynamometer.
411-53-16 calorimetric test (calorimetric test): A test in which the losses in a machine are derived from the heat
generated by them, the losses are calculated from the heat absorbed by the coolant and the heat dissipated in the
environment around the machine, if significant.
411-53-17 calibrated engine test (calibrated driving machine test): A test in which the mechanical input and output
power is calculated from the electrical input and output power of a calibrated vehicle mechanically connected to the vehicle
being tested.
411-53-18 cross-feed test with two-way power supply dual-supply back-to-back test: A test in which two identical
machines are mechanically connected to each other and the total loss of both machines is determined as the difference
between the electrical input power of one machine and the electrical output of the other machine.
411-53-19 cross-load test with one-way power supply (single-supply back-to-back test): A test in which two identical
electrical machines are mechanically connected to each other and both are connected to a common supply system.
NOTE - The total losses in the two machines are assumed to be equal to the input power consumed from the power
system.
411-53-20 self-inhibiting experience (retardation test): A test in which machine losses are calculated based on the
braking curve of the machine when there are only machine ventilation losses and friction losses.
411-53-21 steady-state short-circuit experience sustained short-circuit testtest in which the machine operates as a
generator with short-circuited leads
411-53-22 sudden short circuit experience sudden short-circuit test: A test in which a short circuit occurs suddenly in
the armature winding of a synchronous machine under specified operating conditions.
411-53-23 no-load test (light load test): Tested on a machine connected to a conventional drive or exciter, in which (a)
as a motor, the power at the end of the shaft is limited by the no-load loss of the exciter, (b) as a generator, gives
insufficient power output at conclusions.
411-53-24 test (synchronous machine) at zero power factor (zero power factor test (synchronous machine)) No-load
test in which the synchronous machine is overexcited and operates at a power factor very close to zero.
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Page 41
411-53-25 experience at unity power factor unity power-factor test: A test in which a synchronous machine is
operated under specified operating conditions with excitation adjusted to a power factor equal to unity.
411-53-26 heating test temperature-rise testtest to determine the temperature rise of one or more parts of a machine
under specified operating conditions.
411-53-27 waveform detection waveform testtest that records a waveform of any variable associated with a machine.
411-53-28 waveform analysis waveform analysisdetermination of one or more parameters of a waveform.
411-53-29 harmonic analysis harmonic test: Tests to determine the value of one or more harmonics of a waveform of
a periodically varying quantity associated with a machine relative to the fundamental harmonic of that quantity.
411-53-30 locked rotor experience (locked-rotor test): Test of an excited machine, with the rotor in a stationary
position, to determine the torque when the rotor is locked.
411-53-31 start-up test starting test: Testing a machine while accelerating from zero frequency to rotational speed
under load to determine the starting torque.
411-53-32 synchronicity experience pull-in test (of a synchronous motor): Test of a synchronous motor that enters
synchronism from a specified slip state and with a set inertia to determine the input torque.
411-53-33 switching test (commutation test) Test of a machine with a commutator to evaluate the commutation properties
under specified conditions.
411-53-34 experience in determining the area of non-sparking work (back-band test): Switching test to determine
the limits of the range of variation of the field strength of the additional poles, between which the switching is practically
non-sparking for a given range of loads.
411-53-35 DC resistance test (resistance test) Test to measure the resistance of a winding using direct current.
411-53-36 core test core test: Test on a laminated non-spiral core to determine the loss characteristic or the efficiency
of the interlayer insulation.
411-53-37 overspeed test (overspeed test) Test of a machine rotor to demonstrate that it meets the requirements for
overspeed operation.
411-53-38 balanced rotor test (balance test) Test to confirm that the machine rotor is balanced within specified limits.
411-53-39 vibration test vibration test: Test of a machine to measure vibration in any part of it under specified
operating conditions.
411-53-40 noise level check noise-level testtest to determine and measure the noise level produced by a machine
under specified operating conditions.
411-53-41 shaft voltage measurement shaft-voltage test: Test of an excited machine to detect an induced voltage
capable of producing parasitic currents along the shaft
411-53-42 Checking the correspondence of the direction of rotation of the rotor to the marking of the terminals
rotation testtest to determine that the rotor rotates in a specified direction and that the terminal markings are correct.
411-53-43 phase sequence check phase-sequence testtest to determine that the phase sequence of a polyphase
winding is correct.
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411-53-44 polarity check (polarity test): Test of the machine to ensure that the relative polarity of the windings or
permanent poles of the magnet is correct.
411-53-45 manifold plate test segment-to-segment test: A test in which the resistance between adjacent collector
plates is measured to verify that the winding is in satisfactory condition.
411-53-46 insulation resistance measurement insulation resistance testtest to measure the insulation resistance
under specified conditions
411-53-47 insulation strength test dielectric testtesting of an insulation by applying a high voltage to it to determine
compliance with the strength requirements
411-53-48 high voltage low frequency test low-frequency voltage withstand test
411-53-49 loss tangent measurement loss tangent measurementexperience in determining the tangent of a loss
angle, measuring the dielectric loss of insulation at predetermined values of temperature, frequency and voltage gradient
or mechanical stress in a dielectric due to electrical stress
NOTE Dielectric loss is expressed as the tangent of complement of the angle between the current and voltage vectors
of the insulation.
411-53-50 discharge threshold test (discharge inception test) test to measure the lowest voltage in which discharges
of a given magnitude are repeated in subsequent cycles when the insulation is acted upon by an increasing AC voltage of
the mains frequency.
411-53-51 partial discharge threshold tests partial discharge inception testtest to measure the lowest voltage at
which partial discharges are repeated on the surface of conductors or outside their insulation
411-53-52 experience in determining the discharge energy discharge energy testtest to determine the amount of
energy dissipated by a discharge or discharges within an insulation at a predetermined voltage value
411-53-53 impulse test impulse test: A test for applying a transient voltage transient voltage to an isolated component
with a predetermined polarity, amplitude and waveform.
411-53-54 turn-to-turn insulation test interturn test: A test to apply, or more commonly used, induce between
adjacent turns of an insulated component, a voltage of a predetermined amplitude to verify the integrity of the interturn
insulation.
411-53-55 idle test (no-load test) A test in which the machine, operating as a motor, does not generate any useful
mechanical output to the shaft, or, while operating as a generator, is idling.
411-53-56 thermal protection (thermal protection): Protecting the windings of an electrical machine against overheating due
to overload or loss of cooling.
411-53-57 thermal detector (thermal detector): An electrically insulated device that is sensitive only to temperature
and is capable of initiating a switching function in the protection system when the temperature reaches a predetermined
level.
411-53-58 thermal protection device (thermal protector): An electrically insulated device that is sensitive to the
temperature of the current-carrying winding of an electrical machine and is capable of
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
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Page 43
direct switching of the machine when its temperature reaches the set level.
411-53-59 functional check (functional test) test in which an insulation system or test object is exposed to aging
factors under conditions that simulate actual use, and is simultaneously diagnosed to provide information on serviceability
and to evaluate test results.
411-53-60 diagnostic control diagnostic test: a test in which the value of a diagnostic indicator characterizing the
current state of the test object is assessed and aimed at determining its remaining service life
411-53-61 model formette (formette): A special test model designed to evaluate electrical insulation systems for form
windings.
411-53-62 model motorette (motorette): A special test model designed to evaluate electrical insulation systems for
bulk windings.
SECTION 411-54 - EXCITATION AND EXCITATION WINDING SPECIFICATIONS
411-54-01 excitation system (excitation system) equipment providing excitation current in a machine, including all
regulation and control elements, as well as field damping devices for an electric machine or generator and protective
devices.
411-54-02 output terminal of the excitation system excitation system output terminalparts of the excitation system
equipment in which the power delivered by the system is determined
411-54-03 rated current in the excitation system (excitation system rated current) DC current at the output terminals
of the excitation system that the excitation system can supply under the specified operating conditions.
411-54-04 rated voltage in the excitation system excitation system rated voltagedc voltage at the output terminals
of an excitation system that the excitation system can supply when supplying the rated current of the excitation system
under specified operating conditions
411-54-05 ceiling current in the excitation system (excitation system ceiling current) Maximum constant current that
the excitation system can supply from the terminals for a specified time.
411-54-06 ceiling voltage in the excitation system (excitation system ceiling voltage) maximum dc voltage that the
excitation system is capable of supplying from the terminals under specified conditions.
411-54-07 rated excitation current (rated field current) DC field current of a machine operating at rated voltage,
current and speed and at the rated power factor for synchronous machines.
411-54-08 rated excitation voltage rated field voltagedc voltage at the excitation terminals of a machine required to
produce the rated excitation current with the excitation winding at a temperature determined by the rated output and
rated conditions and with an aftercooler at its maximum temperature
ALPHABETIC INDEX OF TERMS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
A
DC generator unit Frequency conversion
unit ampere-turns
411-35-02
411-34-09
411-46-02
ampere-turns (distributed winding)
harmonic analysis
waveform analysis
411-46-01
411-53-29
411-53-28
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
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Page 44
B
anchor band
pole shoe
brushless
411-43-19
411-40-08
411-36-17
V
shaft
411-43-05
dumbbell shaft
411-43-11
hollow shaft
411-43-13
intermediate shaft
dividing shaft
torsion shaft
411-43-09
synchronicity introduction
411-52-12
turn
411-38-01
bearing shell
activation of resistance (anti-corona protection) step exciter
411-42-31
411-43-11
411-43-12
411-39-09
411-32-05
pathogen main
excitation differential
excitation compounded with constant voltage at the excitation terminals of
an independent
excitation of uncompounded excitation
of recombined excitation of mixed
411-32-06
411-36-08
411-36-10
411-36-01
411-36-11
411-36-09
411-36-03
excitement mixed
agitation of a mixed consonant
rotation (DC motor) spontaneous clockwise rotation
411-36-06
411-36-07
411-52-44
411-43-39
counterclockwise rotation block
acceleration time
ground terminal
terminal grounded
411-43-40
output (machine)
411-41-20
strip pin
pin pin
loose conclusions
field winding leads equalizer
411-41-22
411-48-14
411-41-25
411-41-25
411-41-21
411-41-27
411-41-26
411-38-22
out of synchronicity
411-52-13
G
generator
411-32-01
asynchronous generator
411-32-04
generator booster generator synchronous
two-winding alternator
411-34-02
411-32-03
411-32-02
generator reactive
sleeve grooved insulating
socket
terminal socket
crest
411-31-11
411-39-12
411-40-16
411-41-28
411-39-14
D
bearing pressure
engine
asynchronous squirrel-cage motor
411-42-35
411-33-01
411-33-07
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
asynchronous motor with wound rotor
motor-generator set
motor hysteresis motor
Deri
motor single-phase collector capacitor
motor
capacitor motor with permanently connected capacitor low-power
motor
motor multi-speed motor generalpurpose multiphase commutator motor
Page 45
411-33-08
411-34-04
411-33-11
411-33-24
411-33-21
411-33-16
411-33-18
411-33-34
411-33-37
411-33-20
411-33-30
single-phase asynchronous motor with repulsion start motor for a
specific purpose
starting engine
motor reluctance synchronous
motor repulsion
motor repulsion asynchronous motor repulsion
compensated motor rotary conical
411-33-26
411-33-31
411-33-28
411-33-06
411-33-23
411-33-27
411-33-25
411-33-29
synchronous motor asynchronous motor
synchronous reluctance motor
synchronous motor with squirrel-cage rotor motor
with capacitor start
constant speed motor motor with several speed stages motor with
standardized installation dimensions motor with separate capacitor for
starting and for operating mode variable speed motor in variable speed
stages special motor
411-33-04
411-33-05
411-33-03
411-33-17
411-33-35
411-33-38
411-33-33
411-33-19
411-33-41
411-33-32
constant speed variable speed motor Split phase motor
411-33-42
411-33-13
split phase motor with resistance start motor with split phase and reactor
start
variable speed motor variable speed motor
shaded pole motor wound rotor motor
411-33-14
411-33-15
411-33-36
411-33-40
411-33-12
411-33-09
motor universal stepper
motor
Schrage engine
engine
induction motor with phase rotor circular
diagram
dynamometer electrical
tolerance
D-end
411-33-02
411-35-05
411-33-22
411-52-25
411-35-03
411-47-12
411-34-01
411-36-19
411-43-36
Z
excitation system clamp outlet air gap
411-54-02
411-40-17
air gap basic bearing
clearance
filling of the bearing shell antifriction closure
411-40-18
411-42-34
411-42-29
411-48-21
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 46
closures
411-48-22
getting stuck
411-52-43
thermal protection
411-53-56
anti-crown protection
nominal value
full load value nonsparking zone neutral zone
411-39-08
411-51-23
411-51-11
411-52-39
411-52-38
411-40-20
prong
AND
change in speed (angular) periodic change in
speed under load measurement of insulation
resistance
loss tangent measurement
measurement of electrical voltage on the shaft
insulation coil
411-52-26
insulation inside the hollow shaft
411-39-24
core insulation or between plates (core) encapsulated
insulation
coil insulation phase-to-phase
excitation coil insulation coil or
rod insulation
insulation (machines) obtained by vacuum injection technology
411-39-02
411-51-21
411-53-46
411-53-51
411-53-41
411-39-03
411-39-06
411-39-16
411-39-21
411-39-05
411-39-07
411-39-04
Insulation of the winding support bracket Insulation of the
collector plate
bandage insulation
belt isolation
wire insulation
pole core insulation
collector chevron seal insulation air gap magnetic
induction high voltage low frequency test performance
test impulse test
411-39-19
411-41-17
411-39-17
411-39-15
411-39-01
411-39-22
411-41-16
411-46-05
411-53-48
411-53-03
411-53-53
test calorimetric test of the machine at
start-up test of turn-to-turn insulation test
between collector plates
411-53-16
411-53-31
411-53-54
411-53-45
cross-load test with double-sided supply test with cross-load test with
one-way supply vibration test
411-53-18
411-53-19
411-53-39
heating test
idle test
test according to the method of calibrated motor
test at increased speed test of insulation strength
411-53-26
411-53-55
411-53-17
411-53-37
411-53-47
rotor test balanced core test
411-53-38
411-53-36
test (synchronous machine) at zero power factor braking test
411-53-24
411-53-14
random tests
repeated tests
411-53-05
411-53-04
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partial discharge threshold tests acceptance tests
Page 47
411-53-51
411-53-07
no-load load tests type tests
411-53-23
411-53-01
operational tests
411-53-06
TO
terminal chamber
411-41-29
lubricating grooves
ventilation duct
core duct ventilation radial core duct ventilation
axial coil
411-42-33
411-44-33
411-44-30
411-44-31
411-38-03
coil multi-section field coil field
coil
411-38-04
411-38-19
411-39-20
coil of winding with a configuration of the frontal parts, providing the
possibility of transition from one layer to another
411-38-21
open coil
U-shaped coil phase swing
411-38-17
411-38-18
411-52-28
groove wedge
411-43-20
fan shroud
winding cover wobble
411-44-29
411-43-26
411-52-27
collector
contact ring
oil deflector ring rotor
retaining ring slip ring
411-41-13
411-41-12
411-42-25
411-43-17
411-41-12
Compudding flat
compensator synchronous
shaft end
end of the shaft opposite to the drive
end of the machine drive
control diagnostic junction
box
box with insulated phase terminals
box with separate chambers for each fan connection box
411-36-10
411-34-03
411-43-08
411-43-37
411-43-36
411-53-60
411-41-30
411-41-33
411-41-35
411-44-28
housing swiveling bearing
housing
bearing housing insulated housing
lattice
axially displaceable housing stator housing
411-43-31
411-42-30
411-43-23
411-43-29
411-43-32
411-43-27
one-piece body (one-piece)
laminated body
saturation coefficient
nominal waveform factor of a DC current supplied to the armature of a DC
motor from a stationary power converter
winding factor
efficiency factor ripple current
411-43-28
411-43-30
411-50-22
411-50-25
411-38-39
411-53-08
411-50-26
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distribution ratio sync ratio sync power ratio
bevel ratio
Page 48
411-38-37
411-50-23
411-50-24
411-38-41
spacing winding pitch factor
411-38-38
411-43-15
saturation curve (characteristic)
bracket
support bracket for winding end parts bearing
cap
411-47-01
411-43-24
411-39-18
411-42-32
M
collector cuff chevron marking
of terminals
411-41-15
asynchronous machine
411-31-10
machine airtight machine gas or
vaportight machine sealed
411-44-18
411-53-42
411-44-20
411-44-21
double feed machine disc
machine
multiphase machine
411-31-07
single-phase machine
411-31-13
ac machine dc machine water
cooled machine
411-31-06
411-31-19
411-31-14
411-31-05
411-44-25
air-water-cooled machine air-cooled machine
free-cooling machine closed-loop machine
411-44-24
411-44-23
411-44-26
411-44-17
synchronous machine
411-31-08
machine with independent cooling machine with
solid pole shoe machine with cooling of the body
surface machine with increased internal pressure
machine with permanent magnets
411-44-27
411-31-16
411-44-22
411-44-19
411-31-12
open loop machine cylindrical rotor
machine alternating pole machine
turbine machine
411-44-16
411-31-17
411-31-04
411-31-18
unipolar machine
machine electrical asynchronous
machine (electrical) rotating machine
(electrical) unipolar machine salient
411-31-03
411-31-09
411-31-01
411-31-02
411-31-15
swivel mechanism
brush traverse mechanism
formette model
model motorette
torque in an induction motor synchronous
torque rated torque
torque torque nominal input torque locked rotor
torque torque (AC motor)
411-43-33
411-41-10
411-53-61
411-53-62
411-48-44
411-48-05
411-48-09
411-48-06
411-48-42
torque torque continuous maximum (synchronous motor)
411-48-43
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tipping torque (AC motor) loading torque
Page 49
411-48-42
411-48-01
load torque full load torque
starting
locked rotor torque starting torque
411-48-04
411-48-03
411-48-06
411-48-07
locking torque
braking torque
torque braking mechanical torque
braking inherent torque braking
electric torque braking
411-48-46
411-48-10
411-48-13
411-48-11
411-48-12
411-48-02
accelerating moment
411-48-08
apparent locked rotor power (machine) input
power
power (machine) output clutch
hysteresis
induction coupling
end sleeve with air insulation end sleeve
with pressure leads end sleeve with
diaphragm
end coupling with separated phases
magnetic coupling
eddy current clutch
synchronous clutch
slip clutch
clutch friction magnetic clutch
electric
electromagnetic powder clutch
411-48-48
411-51-05
411-51-04
411-34-18
411-34-14
411-41-32
411-41-36
411-41-31
411-41-34
411-34-15
411-34-16
411-34-17
411-34-15
411-34-19
411-34-13
411-34-20
H
on conclusions
411-36-10
load (machine)
machine load electrical load full
411-51-01
411-46-03
411-51-10
load (work) zero
distributed winding load electrical pole pieces
411-51-02
411-46-04
411-40-09
direction of rotation
guide
excitation voltage nominal partial discharge
extinguishing voltage nominal excitation voltage
overhead voltage
411-43-38
411-44-32
411-54-08
411-36-21
411-54-04
411-48-37
overhead voltage in the excitation system partial
discharge voltage threshold N-end
411-54-06
411-36-20
411-43-37
O
winding
winding in half-closed slots field
winding
wave winding
wave winding double wave
winding simple
411-37-01
411-38-14
411-37-08
411-37-33
411-37-35
411-37-34
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
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loose winding
secondary winding
double-layer winding
frog winding
switching winding
winding compensation winding
concentric multi-wave winding
Page 50
411-38-13
411-37-04
411-37-21
411-37-37
411-37-13
411-37-12
411-37-27
411-37-36
winding (unallocated) concentrated winding
single layer
main winding
slot pitch winding sectioned winding
primary
loop winding
loop winding double winding
loop multiple winding loop single
winding bias winding series
winding starting
411-37-18
411-37-20
411-37-05
411-37-25
411-37-03
411-37-29
411-37-31
411-37-32
411-37-30
411-37-09
411-37-11
411-37-06
winding starting auxiliary winding
uniform
split winding distributed
411-37-07
411-38-10
411-37-28
411-37-19
rotor winding
Amplitude modulated winding at the poles
Internally cooled winding
411-37-17
winding with a fractional number of slots per pole and phase
411-37-23
winding with a fractional number of slots per pole and phase symmetrical
411-37-24
winding with a change in the number of poles
411-37-38
cooled winding with intercooler direct cooled winding
411-44-09
411-37-39
411-44-08
411-44-08
stator winding
long pitch winding short pitch
winding
winding with an integer number of slots per pole
and phase squirrel-cage winding (short-circuited)
winding laid in a broach
winding laid from the end in the axial direction control
winding
soothing winding
winding partially patterned
winding patterned
step winding
winding (shunt) parallel armature
winding
armature winding short-circuited
armature winding open
brush holder clip
addressed
411-37-16
tine support
411-40-21
bearing support
bearing bracket insulated
411-43-21
411-38-33
411-38-32
411-37-22
411-37-26
411-38-16
411-38-15
411-37-15
411-37-14
411-38-12
411-38-11
411-38-31
411-37-10
411-37-02
411-48-32
411-48-31
411-41-04
411-36-18
411-43-22
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 51
bearing bracket cantilever efficiency
determination direct determination
of efficiency indirect
total loss efficiency determination
411-43-24
determination of efficiency by summing the individual losses
411-53-13
determination of the waveform
411-53-27
sudden short circuit experience
synchronicity experience
411-53-22
experience in determining the tangent of the loss angle
411-53-49
experience in determining the zone of non-sparking work
411-53-34
experience in determining the discharge threshold
411-53-50
experience in determining the discharge
411-53-52
energy experience with a locked rotor
411-53-30
experience with a power factor equal to unity selfbraking experience
steady-state short-circuit test no-load test
411-53-25
411-53-10
411-53-11
411-53-12
411-53-32
411-53-20
411-53-21
411-53-22
transverse axis
411-49-08
longitudinal axis
411-49-07
branch
short circuit ratio cooler
411-38-24
411-50-21
411-44-02
secondary cooler
final cooler
primary cooler
cooling
411-44-04
411-44-05
411-44-03
411-44-01
NS
voltage drop across impedance groove
411-52-31
411-40-19
beveled groove
brush holder finger
terminal panel
411-38-40
parameter
411-51-24
switch
collector cock
manifold plate
plate (rotor) pole end
plate
flat compound pressure plate
411-43-14
411-41-07
411-41-23
411-41-18
411-41-14
411-43-18
411-40-13
411-40-03
411-36-10
DC resistance verification Pole surface
working
voltage rise
exciter
bearing
rolling bearing with labyrinth seals pedestal bearing
411-53-35
411-40-10
411-52-30
411-32-07
411-42-01
411-42-22
411-42-24
bearing guide
thrust bearing
spring bearing
roller bearing
bearing self-lubricating segment
bearing
411-42-06
411-42-02
411-42-10
411-42-04
411-42-13
411-42-11
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
bearing segmental self-aligning disc and ring
lubricated bearing rigid liner bearing rigid liner
bearing annular oil lubricated bearing line
lubricated bearing
Page 52
411-42-12
411-42-15
411-42-20
411-42-21
411-42-14
411-42-16
Forced lubricated bearing Plain bearing
411-42-17
411-42-07
split bearing
sleeve bearing, locking position bearing lubricated
under pressure
pressure lubricated bearing thrust
bearing
shield bearing
locking position
half-winding
excitation pole
implicit pole
pronounced pole
transverse axis
time constant of the aperiodic component time constant of
the short-circuited armature winding
411-42-08
time constant along the transverse axis transitional when the armature winding is shortcircuited
411-48-33
time constant along the transverse axis transitional when the armature winding is
open
411-48-32
time constant along the transverse axis overtransient with short-circuited
armature winding
time constant along the transverse axis supertransient with open armature
winding
411-48-34
the time constant along the longitudinal axis is transitional when the armature winding is
411-48-27
411-42-09
411-42-18
411-42-19
411-42-05
411-42-23
411-48-45
411-38-05
411-40-04
411-40-05
411-40-06
411-49-08
411-48-25
411-48-30
411-48-34
short-circuited
the time constant along the longitudinal axis is transitional when the armature winding is open
411-48-27
time constant along the longitudinal axis overtransient when the armature
winding is short-circuited
411-48-29
time constant along the longitudinal axis, supertransient with open armature
winding
losses (machines) total
power losses (machines) converter
rotating converter cascade phase
converter (rotating) frequency converter
asynchronous frequency converter
rotating frequency converter inductor
frequency converter collector with shortcircuited armature winding with open
armature winding
411-48-29
411-53-09
411-53-09
411-34-05
411-34-06
411-34-12
411-34-10
411-34-07
411-34-11
411-34-08
411-48-28
411-48-26
with open armature winding with open armature
winding device for pressure [pressing] brushes
checking commutation
411-48-28
411-48-33
411-41-05
411-53-33
scheduled check
411-53-02
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 53
polarity check
phase sequence check
411-53-44
check that the direction of rotation of the rotor corresponds to the marking of the terminals
411-53-44
check the noise level
411-53-40
check the functional duty cycle gasket on the
side surface of the coil gasket of the field
winding
411-53-59
411-53-43
411-51-09
411-39-10
411-39-23
Pole slippage anti-corona
protection
ripple current
411-52-40
start
411-52-01
line start direct
star-delta start-up reactor start-up
411-52-15
411-39-08
411-52-32
411-52-16
411-52-20
starting using part of the winding
starting with a series-connected starting motor starting with a resistor
in the rotor circuit rheostat
starting with a resistor in the stator circuit rheostat
start-up by serial-parallel switching of windings start-up via
autotransformer
autotransformer start
411-52-24
starting through an autotransformer with a power interruption
411-52-18
411-52-25
411-52-21
411-52-22
411-52-23
411-52-17
411-52-19
R
operation (three-phase motor) with one phase breakage
thermal equilibrium
equal to zero
ventilation duct spacer
411-52-41
calculation of efficiency by summing the individual losses
411-53-13
armature response
411-49-01
regulation (generator) regulation (generator)
automatic regulation (engine)
411-52-33
411-51-08
411-47-07
411-40-22
411-52-35
411-52-34
regulation (motor) automatic regulation
automatic
regulation compensated mode
asynchronous
continuous load mode shortterm mode
intermittent load mode
intermittent load mode continuous
intermittent load mode continuous with speed change under load
411-52-36
intermittent load mode continuous with electric braking intermittent load
mode
intermittent intermittent load mode with start
intermittent intermittent load mode with electric braking mode (operation)
411-51-20
411-36-16
411-36-15
411-52-11
411-51-14
411-51-15
411-51-12
411-51-19
411-51-21
411-51-16
411-51-17
411-51-18
411-51-06
mode with non-periodic load and speed changes synchronous mode
411-51-22
411-52-10
S1 mode
mode type S2
S3 mode
411-52-10
411-51-15
411-51-16
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
S4 mode
S5 mode
S6 mode
mode type S7
S8 mode
S9 mode
jogging mode
lattice body
roller bearing
rotor
rotor with split rim row
Page 54
411-51-17
411-51-18
411-51-19
411-51-20
411-51-21
411-51-22
411-52-42
411-43-29
411-42-04
411-43-02
411-43-16
411-38-20
WITH
self-excited
self-regulating
coil section
section (armature) idle
core
pole core
laminated steel core
411-36-02
electromotive force supertransient along the transverse axis
411-49-12
electromotive force superatransient along the longitudinal axis
411-49-11
electromotive force synchronous
411-49-02
synchronization
411-52-04
Synchronization without synchrocheck
Synchronization in motor mode
Synchronization coarse
411-52-06
synchronization due to the moment of salient polarity
411-52-09
synchronization accurate
411-52-05
excitation system
excitation system
isolation system
reference isolation system
generator-motor direct current system
speed control system of an induction motor with a wound rotor static
411-43-04
standby or emergency cooling system sliding
411-44-15
411-36-14
411-38-02
411-38-23
411-40-01
411-40-07
411-40-02
411-52-07
411-52-08
411-54-01
411-39-25
411-39-27
411-35-01
411-35-03
411-46-07
the rate of change of the exciter voltage the bevel
411-52-29
of the working surface of the pole
411-40-11
beveled groove
411-38-40
crossbreeding
411-38-35
crossing Rebel
411-38-36
displacement in synchronous generators angular
411-48-38
reduction of synchronism
411-52-14
one-piece connection
connection serial connector
cable
resistance
resistance active asynchronous resistance
asynchronous impedance critical in the excitation
circuit zero sequence resistance
411-41-19
411-36-05
411-41-24
411-33-14
411-50-17
411-50-02
411-48-35
411-50-20
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
negative sequence resistance resistance zero sequence
impedance negative sequence impedance positive
sequence resistance reactive asynchronous resistance
Page 55
411-50-19
411-50-04
411-50-03
411-50-18
411-50-05
zero-sequence reactive resistance negative-sequence
reactive resistance transverse reactive transverse resistance
reactive longitudinal transient resistance Potier reactive
resistance
411-50-16
411-50-15
411-50-10
411-50-09
411-50-13
positive-sequence reactive resistance super-transverse reactive
resistance along the transverse axis super-transverse reactive
resistance along the longitudinal axis synchronous reactive
resistance along the transverse axis resistance reactive
synchronous resistance along the longitudinal axis resistance
reactive transverse-axis synchronous resistance reactive effective
synchronous resistance synchronous impedance
411-50-14
411-50-12
411-50-11
411-50-08
411-50-07
411-50-08
411-50-06
411-50-01
component of the magnetomotive force along the transverse axis
411-49-04
component of the magnetomotive force along the longitudinal axis
411-49-03
component of the voltage along the transverse axis
411-49-10
longitudinal stress component
component of the synchronous electromotive force along the transverse
axis component of the synchronous electromotive force along the
longitudinal axis component of the short-circuit current aperiodic initial
component of the short-circuit current aperiodic maximum current
component along the transverse axis
longitudinal current component quiescent
state and voltage disconnection resolving
capacity
411-49-09
environment (machine)
411-44-06
environment remote (from
411-44-07
machine) stator
411-43-01
kernel
coil side
steps
steps
layout diagram
411-38-05
411-49-08
411-49-07
411-48-22
411-48-23
411-49-06
411-49-05
411-51-03
411-48-48
411-38-06
411-33-41
411-33-42
411-43-35
T
thermal protection
411-53-56
thermal equilibrium
411-51-08
heat exchanger
411-44-10
thermal detector
411-53-57
torque sensor testing torque
technology testing
411-53-14
411-53-15
411-39-07
type of construction
411-43-34
mode type
inrush current maximum field
current nominal
short-circuit current initial intermittent short-circuit
current steady-state current transient
411-51-13
411-48-18
411-54-07
411-48-20
411-48-19
411-48-23
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 56
rated current in the excitation system current
411-54-03
supply to the brushes
411-41-02
ceiling current in the excitation system
locked rotor current
locked rotor current of the motor or starting device starting current
411-54-05
411-48-15
411-48-17
411-48-17
super transient current
411-48-24
eddy current braking dynamic
braking
braking by changing the phase sequence braking of a DC
machine Regenerative DC braking
411-52-54
411-52-47
411-52-53
411-52-51
411-52-49
braking at a speed higher than synchronous
braking by opposing
counter current braking
regenerative braking electric
braking electromagnetic
braking
411-52-52
411-52-51
411-52-53
411-52-50
411-52-46
411-52-45
411-51-18
electric braking brush holder
traverse brush traverse
411-51-20
411-41-08
411-41-09
moving off (electric motor) pipe; duct
(cooling system) current tube
(distributed winding)
411-52-02
411-44-11
411-46-01
Have
seal gas-tight seal of the windings
frontal parts oil seal
411-42-27
411-39-13
411-42-26
groove seal
Seal Dust Amplifier
Electromachine Acceleration
411-39-11
411-42-28
411-35-04
411-52-03
devices
barring device thermal
protector
411-48-16
411-43-33
411-53-58
F
false shaft
brush holder lock
formation of the working surface of the pole
411-43-10
411-41-06
411-40-12
X
short-circuit impedance characteristic (synchronous machine) shortcircuit characteristic
characteristic (AC machine) frequency characteristic of a
mixed excitation machine load characteristic angular
411-47-06
411-47-05
411-47-13
411-52-37
411-47-11
load characteristic
load characteristic at zero power factor magnetization characteristic
411-47-04
411-47-07
411-47-02
voltage regulation characteristic rotational speed
regulation characteristic no-load characteristic
411-47-08
411-47-09
411-47-03
characteristic V-shaped
411-47-10
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 57
C
circuit (cooling systems) closed circuit
(cooling systems) open circuit secondary
411-44-13
411-44-12
411-37-42
primary circuit
pipe or duct distribution circuit (cooling system) circuit (electrical)
411-37-41
411-44-14
411-37-40
anchor chain
411-37-43
working cycle
411-51-07
H
rotational speed vortex critical speed
411-48-39
411-51-22
synchronous rotation speed
rotational speed torsional critical part of the
shaft protruding
slotted part of the coil
winding part frontal
winding part frontal
411-46-06
411-48-40
411-43-07
411-38-09
411-38-07
411-38-08
411-38-09
part of the groove
part of the core
effective turns per phase
411-38-09
411-38-42
NS
tooth pitch
411-38-25
winding pitch
411-38-26
winding pitch
411-38-30
reverse winding step
411-38-28
straight winding pitch
411-38-27
collector step
pole pitch
ball bearing
neck (shaft)
411-38-34
shunt
411-36-04
shunt (for generator) stabilized shunt (for
engine) stabilized
411-36-12
411-38-29
411-42-03
411-43-06
411-36-13
SCH
brush
brush holder
end shield
411-41-01
411-41-03
411-43-25
NS
spark screen
411-41-11
I AM
anchor
411-43-03
yoke
411-40-14
rotor yoke
stator yoke
411-40-16
411-40-15
ALPHABETIC INDEX OF TERMS IN ENGLISH
A
accelerating
411-52-03
accelerating torque
411-48-08
acceptance test
411-53-07
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 58
acyclic machine
411-31-03
adjustable constant speed motor
411-33-41
adjustable speed motor
411-33-40
adjustable varying speed motor air
411-33-42
insulated terminal box air
411-41-32
trunking
411-44-33
air-gap
411-40-17
air-to-air cooled machine air-
411-44-23
to-water cooled machine
411-44-24
alternating current generator (a.c. generator)
411-32-02
alternating current machine
411-31-06
ampere-turns
411-46-02
angular displacement in synchronous generators
411-48-38
anti-clockwise rotation
411-43-40
aperiodic time constant
411-48-25
armature
411-43-03
armature circuit
411-37-43
armature reaction
411-49-01
armature winding
411-37-02
asynchronous impedance
411-50-02
asynchronous machine
411-31-09
asynchronous operation
411-52-11
asynchronous reactance
411-50-05
asynchronous resistance
411-50-17
automatically regulated
411-36-16
auto-transformer starting
411-52-17
auxiliary starting winding
411-37-07
411-44-31
axial core duct
V
back span
411-38-28
back-band test
411-53-34
balance test
411-53-38
ball bearing
411-42-03
banding insulation
411-39-17
barring gear
411-43-33
bearing
411-42-01
bearing clearance
411-42-34
bearing housing
411-42-32
bearing liner
411-42-31
bearing lining
411-42-29
bearing pedestal
411-43-21
bearing pressure
411-42-35
bearing shell
411-42-30
belt insulation
411-39-15
binding band
411-43-19
black band
411-52-39
booster
411-34-02
box frame
411-43-28
braking torque
411-48-10
break loose torque
411-48-02
breakaway
411-52-02
breakdown torque (of an ac motor)
411-48-42
brush
411-41-01
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 59
brush box
411-41-04
brush flexible
411-41-02
brush holder
411-41-03
brush pressure device
411-41-05
brush-holder fixing device
411-41-06
brush-holder rocker
411-41-08
brush-holder rocker gear brush-
411-41-10
holder rocker yoke brush-holder
411-41-09
supporting structure brushless
411-41-07
411-36-17
brushless wound-rotor induction motor
411-33-10
WITH
cable coupler
411-41-24
cage induction motor
411-33-07
cage synchronous motor
411-33-03
cage winding
411-37-26
calibrated driving machine test
411-53-16
calibrated driving machine test
411-53-17
candidate insulation system
411-39-26
canned machine
411-44-21
capacitor braking
411-52-48
capacitor motor
411-33-16
capacitor start and run motor
411-33-18
capacitor start motor
411-33-17
cartridge type bearing
411-44-21
ceiling voltage
411-48-37
circle diagram
411-47-12
clockwise rotation
411-43-39
closed circuit (of a cooling system)
411-44-13
closed machine
411-44-17
closed transition auto-transformer starting
411-52-19
coarse synchronizing
411-52-08
cogging torque
411-48-44
coil
411-38-03
coil or bar insulation
411-39-05
coil section
411-38-02
coil side
411-38-06
coil span
411-38-26
coil side separator
411-39-10
comb
411-39-14
commissioning test
411-53-06
commutating winding
411-37-13
commutation test
411-53-33
commutator
411-41-13
commutator pitch
411-38-34
commutator riser
411-41-18
commutator segment
411-41-14
commutator segment insulation
411-41-17
commutator type frequency converter
411-34-08
commutator V-ring
411-41-15
commutator V-ring insulation
411-41-16
compensated regulated
411-36-15
compensated repulsion motor
411-33-25
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 60
compensating winding
411-37-12
compositely excited
411-36-03
compound excited
411-36-06
compounding characteristic
411-52-37
concentrated winding
411-37-18
concentric winding
411-37-27
conductor insulation
411-39-01
conical rotor motor
411-33-29
constant speed motor
411-33-35
continuous running duty; duty type S1 continuous-operation periodic
411-51-14
duty with electric braking continuous-operation periodic duty with
411-51-20
related load-speed changes continuous-operation periodic duty; duty
411-51-21
type S6
411-51-19
control winding
411-37-15
coolant
411-44-02
cooling
411-44-01
core
411-40-01
core end plate
411-40-03
core test
411-53-36
corona shielding
411-39-08
cranked coil
411-38-21
crawling
411-52-43
creeping (of a dc motor)
411-52-44
critical build-up resistance
411-48-35
critical build-up speed
411-48-36
critical torsional speeds
411-48-40
critical whirling speeds
411-48-39
cumulative compounded
411-36-07
current linkage (of a distributed winding)
411-46-01
current pulsation
411-52-32
current ripple factor
411-50-26
cyclic duration factor
411-51-09
cyclic irregularity
411-52-26
D
dc injection braking
411-52-49
damping winding
411-37-14
definite purpose motor
411-33-31
Deri motor
411-33-24
detent position
411-48-45
detent torque
411-48-46
determination of efficiency from summation of losses
411-53-13
determination of efficiency from total loss
411-53-12
diagnostic test
411-53-60
diamond winding
411-37-28
dielectric test
411-53-47
differential compounded
411-36-08
direct cooled winding
411-44-08
direct current machine
411-31-05
direct determination of efficiency
411-53-10
direct water cooled machine direct-
411-44-25
axis component of current
411-49-05
direct-axis component of magnetomotive force direct-axis
411-49-03
component of synchronous generated voltage
411-49-07
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 61
direct-axis component of voltage
411-49-09
direct-axis sub-transient open-circuit time constant
411-48-28
direct-axis subtransient reactance
411-50-11
direct-axis sub-transient short-circuit time constant
411-48-29
direct-axis sub-transient voltage
411-49-11
direct-axis synchronous reactance direct-axis
411-50-07
transient open-circuit time constant direct-axis
411-48-26
transient reactance
411-50-09
direct-axis transient short-circuit time constant
411-48-27
direct-axis transient voltage
411-49-13
direction of rotation
411-43-38
direct-on-line starting
411-52-15
disc and wiper lubricated bearing
411-42-15
discharge energy test
411-53-52
discharge inception test
411-53-50
disc-type machine
411-31-19
distributed winding
411-37-19
distribution factor
411-38-37
double-fed machine
411-31-07
double-wound synchronous generator
411-32-03
drive end of a machine
411-43-36
dual-supply back-to-back test
411-53-18
duct spacer
411-40-22
dumb-bell shaft
411-43-11
dummy coil
411-38-23
duplex lap winding
411-37-31
duplex wave winding
411-37-35
duplicate test
411-53-04
dust seal
411-42-28
duty
411-51-06
duty cycle
411-51-07
duty type
411-51-13
duty with non-periodic load and speed variations; duty type S9
411-51-22
dynamic braking
411-52-47
dynamometer test
411-53-15
E
earth terminal
411-41-25
eddy current coupling
411-34-16
eddy-current braking
411-52-54
effective synchronous reactance
411-50-06
effective turns per phase
411-38-42
efficiency
411-53-08
electric braking
411-52-46
electric circuit
411-37-40
electric coupling
411-34-13
electric loading of a distributed winding
411-46-04
electric loading of a machine
411-46-03
electrical braking torque
411-48-12
electrical dynamometer
411-34-01
electromagnetic braking
411-52-45
embedded coil side; slot portion; core portion
411-38-09
encapsulated insulation
411-39-06
end bracket
411-43-24
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 62
end plate (of a rotor)
411-43-18
end shield
411-43-25
end winding
411-38-07
end-shift frame
411-43-32
end-winding cover
411-43-26
equalizer
411-38-22
excitation system
411-54-01
excitation system ceiling current
411-54-05
excitation system ceiling voltage
411-54-06
excitation system output terminal
411-54-02
excitation system rated current
411-54-03
excitation system rated voltage
411-54-04
excitation winding
411-37-08
exciter
411-32-05
exciter response
411-52-29
F
fan housing
411-44-28
fan shroud
411-44-29
fed-in winding
411-38-14
field coil
411-38-19
field coil flange
411-39-23
field pole
411-40-04
field spool
411-39-20
field spool insulation
411-39-21
field system
411-43-04
field winding
411-37-09
field winding terminal
411-41-26
final coolant
411-44-05
flash barrier
411-41-11
flood lubricated bearing
411-42-16
forced lubricated bearing
411-42-17
formette
411-53-61
form-wound winding
411-38-11
fractional slot winding
411-37-23
frame surface cooled machine
411-44-22
frame yoke
411-40-15
frequency changer set
411-34-09
frequency response characteristic
411-47-13
front span
411-38-27
full load
411-51-10
full load value
411-51-11
full pitch winding
411-38-31
functional test
411-53-59
G
gas seal
411-42-27
gas-or vapor-proof machine
411-44-20
general purpose motor
411-33-30
generator
411-32-01
guide
411-44-32
411-42-06
guide bearing
H
hairpin coil
411-38-18
half-coil; bar
411-38-05
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 63
harmonic test
411-53-29
heat exchanger
411-44-10
heteropolar machine
411-31-04
homopolar machine
411-31-02
hunting
411-52-27
hysteresis coupling
411-34-18
hysteresis motor
411-33-11
I
ideal synchronizing
411-52-05
impedance drop
411-52-31
impulse test
411-53-53
inching
411-52-42
indirect cooled winding
411-44-09
indirect determination of efficiency
411-53-11
induction coupling
411-34-14
induction frequency converter
411-34-10
induction generator
411-32-04
induction machine
411-31-10
inductor frequency converter
411-34-11
inherent braking torque
411-48-11
inherent regulation (of a generator)
411-52-35
inherent regulation (of a motor)
411-52-36
initial aperiodic component of short-circuit current
411-48-21
initial periodic short-circuit current
411-48-20
input power (of a machine)
411-51-05
insulated bearing housing
411-43-23
insulated bearing pedestal
411-43-22
insulation resistance test
411-53-46
insulation system
411-39-25
integral slot winding
411-37-22
intermittent periodic duty with electric braking; duty type S5
411-51-18
intermittent periodic duty with starting; duty type S4
411-51-17
intermittent periodic duty; duty type S3
411-51-16
interturn insulation
411-39-04
interturn test
411-53-54
411-36-18
inverted
J
jack shaft
411-43-09
journal (of a shaft)
411-43-06
411-42-02
journal bearing
key
K
411-43-14
L
laminated core
411-40-02
laminated frame
411-43-30
lap winding
411-37-29
level-compounded flat compounded
411-36-10
light load test
411-53-23
linear density; linear mass density; lineic mass
411-37-29
load (of a machine)
411-51-01
load angle characteristic
411-47-11
load characteristic
411-47-04
load full torque
411-48-04
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GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 64
load starting torque
411-48-03
load torque
411-48-01
location sleeve bearing locked
411-42-09
rotor apparent power locked-
411-48-48
rotor current
411-48-15
locked-rotor current of a motor and starter
411-48-16
locked-rotor test
411-53-30
locked-rotor torque
411-48-06
long pitch winding
411-38-33
loose leads
411-41-27
loss tangent measurement low-
411-53-49
411-53-48
frequency voltage withstand test
M
machine terminal
411-41-20
magnetic coupling; slip coupling
411-34-15
magnetic friction clutch
411-34-19
magnetic loading
411-46-05
magnetic particle coupling
411-34-20
magnetization characteristic
411-47-02
main air-gap
411-40-18
main exciter
411-32-06
main winding
411-37-05
maximum aperiodic short-circuit current
411-48-22
mechanical braking torque
411-48-13
motor
411-33-01
motor converter
411-34-06
motor generator set
411-34-04
motor synchronizing
411-52-07
motor with standardized mounting dimensions
411-33-33
motorette
411-53-62
mounting arrangement
411-43-35
multi constant speed motor
411-33-38
multi varying speed motor
411-33-39
multiplex lap winding
411-37-32
multiplex wave winding
411-37-36
multi-section coil
411-38-04
411-33-37
multi-speed motor
N
negative sequence impedance
411-50-03
negative sequence reactance
411-50-15
negative sequence resistance
411-50-19
neutral zone
411-52-38
noise-level test
411-53-40
no-load (operation)
411-51-02
no-load test
411-53-55
nominal pull-in torque
411-48-09
non-drive end of a machine
411-43-37
non-salient pole
411-40-05
O
oil grooves
411-42-33
oil ring lubricated bearing
411-42-14
oil seal
411-42-26
oil thrower
411-42-25
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 65
oil-jacked bearing
411-42-19
open circuit (of a cooling system)
411-44-12
open machine
411-44-16
open transition auto-transformer starting
411-52-18
open-circuit characteristic
411-47-03
open-ended coil
411-38-17
output power (of a machine)
411-51-04
over-compounded
411-36-09
overhang packing
411-39-13
overs peed test
411-53-37
over-synchronous braking
411-52-52
P
pad type bearing
411-42-11
partial discharge extinction voltage
411-36-21
partial discharge inception test partial
411-53-51
discharge inception voltage partly
411-36-20
preformed winding
411-38-12
part-winding starting
411-52-24
peak-switching current
411-48-18
pedestal bearing
411-42-24
performance test
411-53-03
periodic duty
411-51-12
permanent magnet machine
411-31-12
phase coil insulation
411-39-16
phase insulated terminal box
411-41-33
phase segregated terminal box
411-41-35
phase separated terminal box
411-41-34
phase swinging
411-52-28
phase-sequence test
411-53-43
pilot exciter
411-32-07
pipe
411-44-11
piped or ducted circuit
411-44-14
pitch factor
411-38-38
plug braking; plugging (deprecated)
411-52-53
plug-in type bearing
411-42-23
polarity test
411-53-44
pole amplitude modulated winding
411-37-39
pole body
411-40-07
pole body insulation
411-39-22
pole changing winding
411-37-38
pole end plate
411-40-13
pole face
411-40-10
pole face bevel
411-40-11
pole face shaping
411-40-12
pole pitch
411-38-29
pole shoe
411-40-08
pole slipping
411-52-40
pole tips
411-40-09
polyphase commutator motor
411-33-20
polyphase machine
411-31-14
positive sequence reactance
411-50-14
Potier reactance
411-50-13
power losses (of a machine)
411-53-09
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 66
pressure containing terminal box
411-41-36
pressure lubricated bearing
411-42-18
pressure relief terminal box
411-41-31
pressurized machine
411-44-19
primary circuit
411-37-41
primary coolant
411-44-03
primary winding
411-37-03
pull-in test (of a synchronous motor)
411-53-32
pulling into synchronism
411-52-12
pulling out of synchronism
411-52-13
pull-out torque (of a synchronous motor)
411-48-43
pull-through winding
411-38-16
pull-up torque (of an ac motor)
411-48-41
push-through winding
411-38-15
Q
quadrature-axis component of current quadrature-axis component
411-49-06
of magnetomotive force quadrature-axis component of synchronous
411-49-04
generated voltage quadrature-axis component of voltage
411-49-08
411-49-10
quadrature-axis sub-transient open-circuit time constant
411-48-33
quadrature-axis subtransient reactance
411-50-12
quadrature-axis sub-transient short-circuit time constant
411-48-34
quadrature-axis sub-transient voltage
411-49-12
quadrature-axis synchronous reactance quadrature-axis
411-50-08
transient open-circuit time constant quadrature-axis
411-48-31
transient reactance
411-50-10
quadrature-axis transient short-circuit time constant
411-48-32
quadrature-axis transient voltage
411-49-14
411-43-13
quill shaft
R
radial core duct
411-44-30
random synchronizing
411-52-06
random wound winding
411-38-13
rated field current
411-54-07
rated field voltage
411-54-08
rated field voltage
411-54-08
rated form factor of direct current supplied
411-50-25
rated torque
411-48-05
rated value
411-51-23
rating
411-51-24
reactor start split phase motor
411-33-15
reactor starting
411-52-20
reference insulation system
411-39-27
regenerative braking
411-52-50
regenerative braking of a dc machine; counter-current braking
411-52-51
regular winding
411-38-10
regulation (of a generator)
411-52-33
regulation (of a motor)
411-52-34
reluctance machine
411-31-11
reluctance motor
411-33-05
reluctance synchronizing remote
411-52-09
medium (of a machine) repulsion
411-44-07
induction motor
411-33-27
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 67
repulsion motor
411-33-23
repulsion start induction motor resistance
411-33-26
grading (of corona shielding) resistance test
411-39-09
411-53-35
resistant start split phase motor
411-33-14
resolution
411-48-47
rest and de-energized
411-51-03
retardation test
411-53-20
rising out of synchronism
411-52-14
Roebel transposition
411-38-36
roller bearing
411-42-04
rotary amplifier
411-35-04
rotary converter
411-34-05
rotatable frame
411-43-31
rotating frequency converter
411-34-07
rotating machine (electrical)
411-31-01
rotating phase converter
411-34-12
rotation test
411-53-42
rotor
411-43-02
rotor end-winding retaining ring
411-43-17
rotor resistance starting
411-52-21
rotor winding
411-37-17
rotor yoke; hub
411-40-16
411-53-02
routine test
S
salient pole
411-40-06
salient pole machine
411-31-15
sampling test
411-53-05
saturation characteristic
411-47-01
saturation factor
411-50-22
Schrage motor
411-33-22
sealed machine
411-44-18
secondary circuit
411-37-42
secondary coolant
411-44-04
secondary winding
411-37-04
segmental rim rotor
411-43-16
segment-to-segment test
411-53-45
self-cooled machine
411-44-26
self-excited
411-36-02
self-lubricating bearing
411-42-13
self-regulated
411-36-14
separate terminal enclosure
411-41-29
separately cooled machine
411-44-27
separately excited
411-36-01
series
411-36-05
series connected starting-motor starting
411-52-25
series winding
411-37-11
series-parallel starting
411-52-23
shaded pole motor
411-33-12
shaft
411-43-05
shaft end
411-43-08
shaft extension
411-43-07
shaft-voltage test
411-53-41
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 68
short pitch winding
411-38-32
short-circuit characteristic
411-47-05
short-circuit ratio
411-50-21
short-circuit time constant of armature winding
411-48-30
short-time duty; duty type S2
411-51-15
shunt
411-36-04
shunt winding
411-37-10
simplex lap winding
411-37-30
simplex wave winding
411-37-34
single layer winding
411-37-20
single-phase commutator motor
411-33-21
single-phase machine
411-31-13
single-phasing
411-52-41
single-supply back-to-back test
411-53-19
skeleton frame
411-43-29
skew factor
411-38-41
skewed slot
411-38-40
sleeve bearing
411-42-07
slip
411-46-07
slip-ring
411-41-12
slip-ring induction motor
411-33-09
slot
411-40-19
slot liner
411-39-12
slot packing
411-39-11
slot wedge
411-43-20
small power motor
411-33-34
solid pole shoe machine
411-31-16
special purpose motor
411-33-32
speed regulation characteristic
411-47-09
spherically seated bearing spider
411-42-21
411-43-15
split phase motor
411-33-13
split sleeve bearing
411-42-08
split throw winding
411-37-25
spring loaded bearing
411-42-10
stabilized shunt (for a generator)
411-36-12
stabilized shunt (for a motor) standby or
411-36-13
emergency cooling system star-delta
411-44-15
starting
411-52-16
starting
411-52-01
starting current
411-48-17
starting motor
411-33-28
starting test
411-53-31
starting torque
411-48-07
starting winding
411-37-06
static Kraemer system
411-35-03
stator
411-43-01
stator frame
411-43-27
stator resistance starting
411-52-22
stator winding
411-37-16
steady short-circuit current
411-48-19
stepping motor
411-35-05
straight seated bearing
411-42-20
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 69
strand or lamination insulation
411-39-02
strip terminal
411-41-22
stub shaft
411-43-10
stud-terminal
411-41-21
sub-transient current
411-48-24
sudden short-circuit test surrounding
411-53-22
medium (of a machine) sustained
411-44-06
short-circuit test
411-53-21
symmetrical fractional slot winding
411-37-24
synchronizing
411-52-04
synchronizing coefficient
411-50-23
synchronizing power coefficient
411-50-24
synchronous compensator
411-34-03
synchronous coupling
411-34-17
synchronous generated voltage
411-49-02
synchronous impedance
411-50-01
synchronous induction motor
411-33-04
synchronous machine
411-31-08
synchronous operation
411-52-10
synchronous reluctance motor
411-33-06
synchronous speed
tap
411-46-06
T
411-38-24
temperature-rise test
411-53-26
terminal board
411-41-23
terminal box
411-41-30
terminal enclosure
411-41-28
termination
411-41-19
thermal detector
411-53-57
thermal equilibrium
411-51-08
thermal protection
411-53-56
thermal protector
411-53-58
thrust bearing
411-42-05
tilting pad bearing
411-42-12
tolerance
411-36-19
tooth
411-40-20
tooth pitch
411-38-25
tooth support
411-40-21
torque meter test; brake test
411-53-14
torque shaft
411-43-12
transient current
411-48-23
transposition
411-38-35
turbine-type machine
411-31-18
turn
411-38-01
turn insulation
411-39-03
two layer winding
411-37-21
two-value capacitor motor
411-33-19
type of construction
411-43-34
411-53-01
type test
U
under-compounded
411-36-11
unit acceleration time
411-48-14
unity power-factor test
411-53-25
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents
GOST IEC 60050-411-2015 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Part 411. Rotating machinesGOST dated
November 02, 2015 No. IEC 60050-411-2015
Page 70
411-33-02
universal motor
411-39-24
up-shaft insulation
V
vacuum-pressure impregnation (of a machine)
411-39-07
varying speed motor
411-33-36
V-curve characteristic
411-47-10
velocity
113-01-32
vibration test
411-53-39
voltage build-up
411-52-30
411-47-08
voltage regulation characteristic
W
Ward-Leonard generator set
411-35-02
Ward-Leonard system
411-35-01
wave winding
411-37-33
waveform analysis
411-53-28
waveform test
411-53-27
winding
411-37-01
winding factor
411-38-39
winding overhang
411-38-08
winding overhang support
411-39-18
winding overhang support insulation
411-39-19
winding pitch
411-38-30
411-33-08
wound-rotor induction motor
yoke
Y
411-40-14
Z
zero power factor test (synchronous machine)
411-53-24
zero power-factor characteristic
411-47-07
zero sequence impedance
411-50-04
zero sequence reactance
411-50-16
zero sequence resistance
411-50-20
UDC 621.6: 006.354
ISS 01.040.29
29.160.01
IDT
Keywords: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, Rotating Machines, Operation and Testing,
Motors
The electronic text of the document was
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified by:
official publication
M .: Standartinform, 2016
Document saved from the portal docs.cntd.ru - an electronic fund of more than 25,000,000 normative legal and normative technical documents