Group 4 Print Awareness as an Extension of Codefocused Instruction Aize P. Carino Karen Pearl T. Mojico Girlie A. Patoc Keat Bedes Jessa Satuito Beralde GROUP 4 REPORTERS AIZE P. CARIÑO Kindergarten Teacher Sogod Elementary School Libmanan South District GIRLIE A. PATOC Grade 6 – Adviser Shepherdville College KAREN PEARL T. MOJICO Kindergarten Teacher Bical Elementary School San Fernando District KEAT BEDES Barangay Literacy Worker Pili West District JESSA S. BERALDE AIZE P. CARIÑO Kindergarten Teacher Sogod Elementary School Libmanan South District ST 1 Reporter PRINT AWARENESS AS AN EXTENSION OF CODE-FOCUSED INSTRUCTION PRINT AWARENESS: AN INTRODUCTION ❖Children with print awareness can begin to understand that written language is related to oral language. Children who lack print awareness are unlikely to become successful readers. Indeed, children's performance on print awareness tasks is a very reliable predictor of their future reading achievement. ❖The abality to understand how print works does not emerge magically and unaided. ❖Books with predictable and patterned text can play a significant role in helping children develop and expand print awareness. ❖As they hear and participate in the reading of the simple stories found in predicatable and patterned books, children become familiar with how print looks on a page. WHAT IS PRINT AWARENESS? Print awareness (also called concepts of print) is the understanding that print carries meaning, that books contain letters and words. Print awareness also includes an understanding of what books are used for and how a book "works" — how to turn pages, how to find the top and bottom of a page, and how to identify the title and the front and back covers. Print awareness is a component of reading and writing that we rarely think much about. Instead we tend to focus on the alphabet, spelling, or phonemes. WHAT IS PRINT AWARENESS? An understanding that print: ✔Corresponds to oral language ✔Conveys meaning ✔Has different functions ✔Follow specific structure ✔Left to right ✔Top to bottom KAREN PEARL T. MOJICO Kindergarten Teacher Bical Elementary School San Fernando District ND 2 Reporter PRINT AWARENESS: GUIDELINES FOR INSTRUCTION GUIDELINES FOR PROMOTING PRINT AWARENESS 1. The organization of books ⮚ Make sure students know how books are organized. They should be taught the basics about books – that they are read from left to right and top to bottom, that print may be accompanied by pictures or graphics, that the pages are numbered, and that the purpose of reading is to gain meaning from the text and understand ideas that words convey. 2. Read to students ⮚ Read to children from books with easy-to-read large print. Use stories that have predictable words in the text. 3. Use "big books" and draw attention to words and letters ⮚ Help children notice and learn to recognize words that occur frequently, such as a, the, is, was, and you. Draw attention to letters and punctuation marks within the story. PRINT AWARENESS: GUIDELINES FOR INSTRUCTION GUIDELINES FOR PROMOTING PRINT AWARENESS 4. Label objects and centers in your classroom ⮚ Use an index card to label objects and centers within the classroom with words and pictures. Use an index card with the word "house" for the house center and draw a picture of a house. Draw students' attention to these words when showing them the different centers. 5. Encourage preschool children to play with print ⮚ They can pretend to write a shopping list, construct a stop sign, write a letter, make a birthday card, etc. 6. Help children understand the relationship between spoken and written language ⮚ Encourage students to find on a page letters that are in their names: "Look at this word, 'big.' It begins with the same letter as the name of someone in this room, 'Ben.'" PRINT AWARENESS: GUIDELINES FOR INSTRUCTION GUIDELINES FOR PROMOTING PRINT AWARENESS 7. Play with letters of the alphabet ⮚ Read the book Chicka Chicka Boom Boom. Place several copies of each letter of the alphabet in a bowl and ask students to withdraw one letter. When everyone has a letter, ask each student to say the letter's name and, if the letter is in his or her own name, have the child keep the letter. Continue until the first child to spell his or her name wins. 8. Reinforce the forms and functions of print ⮚ Point them out in classroom signs, labels, posters, calendars, and so forth. 9. Teach and reinforce print conventions ⮚ Discuss print directionality (print is written and read from left to right), word boundaries, capital letters, and end punctuation. PRINT AWARENESS: GUIDELINES FOR INSTRUCTION GUIDELINES FOR PROMOTING PRINT AWARENESS 10. Teach and reinforce book awareness and book handling 11. Promote word awareness by helping children identify word boundaries and compare words 12. Allow children to practice what they are learning ⮚ Ask them to listen to and participate in the reading of predictable and patterned stories and books. 13. Provide practice with predictable and patterned books ⮚ Also try using a wordless picture book like Pancakes. Go through each page asking the children to tell the story from the pictures. Write their narration on a large piece of paper. Celebrate the story they authored by eating pancakes! 14. Provide many opportunities for children to hear good books and to participate in read-aloud activities Girlie A. Patoc Grade 6 – Adviser Shepherdville College RD 3 Reporter QUICK CHECK FOR PRINT AWARENESS Your child knows how to hold a book correctly. If you hand your child a book upside down, he will turn it right side up before looking through it. Your child understands that books are read from front to back and from left to right and knows how to turn the pages in the correct direction. Your child pretends to write by scribbling or writing marks on paper. He understands that the “words” he is writing communicate meaning. Your child points to text and asks what it says. He has become curious about the meaning of the printed text he sees all around him. Your child picks up a familiar book and “reads” it aloud. He understands that the printed words are connected to the story. 5 FUN WAYS TO DEVELOP PRINT AWARENESS Teach the Alphabet Teach your child to recognize the letters of the alphabet. Tell a Story Have your child tell you a story. Make a Sign Help your child create signs for the doors in the house. Read the Mail When the mail is delivered each day, have your child help you sort it according to which family member’s name is on the label. If interesting cards, ads, or magazines arrive, read parts of them aloud. 5 FUN WAYS TO DEVELOP PRINT AWARENESS Read Aloud Read lots of picture books aloud to your child. ▪ Mention the parts of a book as you read. “Look at this cover! This book must be about elephants!” “The End…that’s the last page of the book.” ▪ Have your child help you turn the pages. ▪ Model that we read from left to right by occasionally running your finger under the text as you read. ▪ Ask your child to point to the first word on the page. ▪ Occasionally point out periods and exclamation points. PRINT AWARENESS DURING READ ALOUDS Prior to reading any story aloud •Introduce the story by stating the title, then the author's name and asking students, "What does an author do?" (Students should respond, "Writes the story."). •State the illustrator's name and ask, "What does an illustrator do?" (Students should respond, "Draws the pictures."). •Hold up the book and say, "This is the front of the book, (turn it sideways and state) and this is the spine." Turn the book to the back cover and state, "This is the back of the book." Then ask, "Do we begin reading from the front or the back of the book?" (Students should respond, "From the front."). •"Let's look at the picture on the front.“ •Hold up the book with the front cover facing the students. Ask: "What do you think will happen in this story? Remember, I want you to answer using complete sentences." PRINT AWARENESS DURING READ ALOUDS Before the reading ▪ Select vocabulary words from the story that you need to discuss prior to reading the story. Write them on sentence strips or on the board. Discuss the words with students. ▪ Please note the use of open-ended questions that will require the students to give responses that extend beyond Yes/No answers. Remember to use open-ended questions as you read the story and in your discussion after the reading. ▪ Encourage students to draw upon what they know about the words from their personal lives. For example, if the word is the verb fish, perhaps some of the children have gone on fishing trips with their parents. Encourage a brief telling of personal stories. Their personal stories allow students to make connections with the text. PRINT AWARENESS DURING READ ALOUDS During the reading ▪ Briefly discuss the pictures on each page after reading that page. ▪ Encourage students to guess/predict what will happen next. After reading ▪ Ask students to tell you if they liked the story and why. Encourage responses in complete sentences. "I liked it when the little girl rescued her friends because it showed that girls can be heroes." Keat Bedes Barangay Literacy Worker Pili West District TH 4 Reporter HOW DO CHILDREN DEVELOP PRINT AWARENESS? ▪ NOT A SKILL THAT CHILDREN CAN DEVELOP BY THEMSELVES! MUST BE TAUGHT THROUGH: Modeling Interactions Exposure Experience 4 WAYS TO HELP YOUR CHILD DEVELOP PRINT AWARENESS 1) Read Books Regularly Reading aloud helps children develop listening and language skills. It also helps expand their understanding of the world around them and stimulates their imaginations. Plus, there’s the fact that it can help improve their reading and spelling skills. 2) Teach The Alphabet Teaching the alphabet doesn’t have to be reserved for school. 3) Write For Pretend Play While reading books helps introduce young learners to print awareness as an essential part of stories, pretend play can help expand this essential skill. 4 WAYS TO HELP YOUR CHILD DEVELOP PRINT AWARENESS 4) Read Other Types Of Print So often, we focus on reading books for print awareness. Of course, books are essential, but you can also help your emerging reader develop print awareness while going about your everyday life if you’re intentional about it. For example: ▪ If you’re at a restaurant, read the menu to your child ▪ If you’re waiting for your turn at the doctor’s office, let your child flip through a magazine (that’s ageappropriate, of course!) ▪ While driving or walking, show them that the stop sign and what it means ▪ Before entering a store, point out how the sign on the store tells you what you can find inside ▪ Before playing a game, read the instructions to show that they help you play the game correctly HOW CAN I DO THIS WITH MY CHILD? 1. Model how to hold the book, and how to identify the cover and back of the book. 2. Point out the title, author and illustrator. Explain what these are and have your child practice identifying each ( Ex. Where is the title? Point to it.) 3. Use your finger or a pointer to track each word that you read. Model and explain that we read from the left to right, and top to bottom. When reading a new page, have your child point to where you should start reading. 4. Explain that books can tell a story or give us information about something. After reading a book, talk with your child about what the story was about or what information the told you.book HOW CAN I DO THIS WITH MY CHILD? Look Around! o Print can be found all around us! Take advantage of car rides, shopping trips, and errand runs, as these are all great times to point out different forms of print. ▪ In the car: Point out billboards, street signs and any other print you may see. Read the print to your child and explain what the function/purpose of each is. ▪ In a store: This is a great opportunity to point out signs, price tags, labels etc. Again, make sure you explain the functions of each. ▪ In a restaurant: Read through the menu with your child. Point out headings, ingredients and price. HOW CAN I DO THIS WITH MY CHILD? At Home! ▪ Labels are an easy and effective way to give your child exposure to words we use everyday. It will also help them make the connection between spoken and written words. Label as many things around the house as you can! ▪ Find different types of print around the house. Have a scavenger hunt with your child, collecting different forms of print. Make a pile, then go over each item that you found. For each, read through it and explain what its function is. The following are great examples of print to introduce to your child. Jessa Satuito Beralde TH 5 Reporter If a student understands: What it measures 1. That print has meaning 2. That print can be used for different purposes 3. The relationship between print and speech 4. There is a difference between letters and words 5. That words are separated by spaces 6. There is a difference between words and sentences 7. That there are (punctuation) marks that signal the end of a sentence 8. That books have parts such as a front and back cover, title page, and spine 9. That stories have a beginning, middle, and end 10.That text is read from left to right and from top to bottom CONCEPTS OF PRINT ASSESSMENT When should it be assessed ? Assess concepts of print twice during kindergarten, at the start of school and at mid-year. In addition, as you model story reading techniques to help guide instruction, identify students who need additional support, and determine if the pace of instruction should be increased, decreased, or remain the same. CONCEPTS OF PRINT ASSESSMENT Examples of assessment questions Give the student a book and ask the following questions: - Can you show me: - a letter? - a word? - a sentence? - the end of a sentence (punctuation mark)? - the front of the book? - the back of the book? - where I should start reading the story? - a space? - how I should hold the book? - the title of the book? - how many words are in this sentence? CONCEPTS OF PRINT ASSESSMENT WHY PRINT AWARENESS IS IMPORTANT? ✔ Print awareness helps a child understand that written words communicate just as spoken words do — that you can say the words that are written down and that every word you say can, likewise, be written. This is not something a child is born understanding. ✔ As children are introduced to different books and stories at school and at home, they may initially think of print and spoken words as two separate entities. However, with more exposure, the concept grows and becomes more sophisticated. WHY PRINT AWARENESS IS IMPORTANT? In addition to grasping the connection between printed words and spoken words, print awareness helps children understand: ✔ How to hold a book, turn pages, read from the front of the book to the back of the book and from left to right ✔ That print is a source of information and enjoyment ✔ That different prints have different functions — a book tells a story, a recipe gives directions for cooking, and so on.
