CHAPTER 01 – INTRODUCTION
Background of the research study
This research study is deliberating about how the Strategic planning is impacting on the
employee Performance of the Bank of Ceylon which is operating under the Banking sector of
Sri Lanka. Strategic leadership can be defining as different practices of the management which
is using by the executives to manage the people and the company and to develop specific vision
for the relevant organization. The leaders who are using this strategic leadership are using the
built vision for motivating the employees and providing a better direction to the employees to
work well to achieving their specific goal and the objectives of the company. This strategic
leadership is most important to implement a better organizational change within the related
organization. Every company can be rearrangement the processes of the company,
improvement the productivity of the employees and the company, indorsing the innovations,
building a better working environment for the employees within the company to encouraging
them to perform well by using this strategic leadership. The employee performance is the main
thing which need to considering when operating as company because any of company can
achieve their goals with the help of contribution and the effort which put by their employees.
Strategic Leadership is most important to the banking industry because there are more
organizations are operating within the industry which have providing most of the same products
and services to the consumers. Therefore, it can be helpful for improve the employee
performance by using some methods within the company such as motivating employees by
providing reward and compensations, building proper working environment and providing
some training and development to the employees. This research study is focusing on how this
strategic leadership is effect on the performance of the employees who are working at the Bank
of Ceylon and how they are maintaining and increasing the performance of the company by
using by this leadership within the bank.
Furthermore, this research is explaining the relationship between the factors between the
strategic leadership and the employee performance. Therefore, the research is helpful for
understanding the how strategic leadership is helpful for maintaining and increasing the
employee performance at the Bank of Ceylon and what are the factors and the areas which they
have using for increasing the employee performance. Not only that the readers can be
understanding how the banks are using these strategic leadership within those banks because
the researcher has conducted this research report by maintaining good validity, reliability and
generalizability.
Rationale of the Research
The researcher is conducting this research study to explaining how the strategic leadership is
impact on the employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon. Strategic leadership is different
styles and observes of the management which is using by the managers and leaders and also
develops specific vision for the relevant organization. It is very important to motivate the
employees of the company, improving the productivity of the employees and the company,
improving the satisfaction of the employees and the increasing the performance of the
employees and the company.
This Dissertation can be important to the numerous groups from different ways such as
researchers, students, other banks and the Bank of Ceylon which is selected for conducting this
research study. This dissertation is valuable for the researchers who are willing to conduct
another dissertation related to the same topic and the industry since those researchers can take
practical knowledge and also the findings by using this research study related to the Banking
industry because this report is providing investigational recommendations and new knowledge.
There is only few local research is available related to the topic and the industry, therefore, this
really valuable for the future researchers. When considering about the other banks which is
operating within the Sri Lankan banking industry, employee performance is the really
important factor within the company because it’s useful for increasing the productivity of the
company. most of the companies are using strategic leadership to increasing this employee
performance. Not only that, those banks also can be motivating the employees, increasing the
productivity and the efficiency of the employees and the company. The competitor banks can
be study how to manage and using the strategic leadership to increasing employee performance
to operating successfully within the industry by using this report. Therefore, this dissertation is
important to the other banks who operating apart from the Bank of Ceylon.
Bank of Ceylon is main commercial bank which is operating in Sri Lanka. They have providing
different kind of services to their consumers and they have really concentrated on the consumer
expectation by providing better services. This dissertation is explaining that how the company
have used the strategic leadership to maintaining and increasing their employee performance
of the Bank of Ceylon (Province office). but the researcher has conducted this with the
generalizability therefore, it is really helpful for the whole Bank of Ceylon to study the present
situation of the bank and also employee performance status without wasting cost and time.
Therefore, this dissertation report is useful for the Bank of Ceylon.
Background of the Industry
This research study is making based on the banking industry in Sri Lanka. Banking industry
can be defining as the collection of the financial institutes which help people to their financial
related thing by providing banking and financial related services. When considering about the
banking industry of the Sri Lanka, Central Bank is the main institute which maintain every
financial related thing and the institution related to the banking and finance Sector. This is
playing a major role in the economy of the country. There are 02 types of banks under the
Central bank of Sri Lanka such as license commercial bank and the license specialized banks.
This banking industry plays a major role within the country because this is very important to
maintain a better financial system within the country, maintaining the stable economy and also
maintain the liquidity and the hazard of the Assets within the country.
When considering about the year end in 31st March 2021, Central Bank of Sri Lanka has
announced that there are 24 licensed commercial banks and there are 6 licensed specialized
banks within Sri Lanka. (Central Bank of Sri Lanka, 2021). The institutes which are operating
in banking industry are provided that services such as mobile banking, credit cards, debit cards,
internet banking, loan facilities and treasury services. (First Bank, 2021). When considering
about the banking institutes of the Sri Lanka, there are few common important advantages and
few disadvantages. As advantages these banks are providing safety to the wealth of people and
country, they have providing loan facilities with the cheap interest fee, economies of large
scale, develop the rural areas with the government and internationally influence the finance
and economy. As disadvantages there can be bankrupts, there can be some robberies or the
financial frauds within the banks and risk of community charges. (Finance management, 2019)
When considering about the positive factors and the negative factors which can affect to the
banking industry of Sri Lanka, there are few main positive factors and the negative factors can
be identify. As positive factors the Sri Lankan government can be reducing the strict guidelines,
can be increasing the related ratings and the consumer responsibility level also low comparing
to the other industries. As negative factors, sometimes the interest rates and other related rating
can be highly increasing and the government can be fluctuating the guidelines and procedures
unexpectedly or very stringently within the banking industry. Sri Lankan banking industry is
very inexpensive industry in the present and the employee performance, consumer satisfaction
and the quality of the services can be highly impact to the success of the company and the
industry.
Location of the Selected Organization
The Bank of Ceylon have around 628 branches, 689 automated teller machines, 123 CDM
network and 15 regional loan centers around the country and also, they have operating in
overseas country. The Researcher is using the Kandy Provincial Office Branch to conduct this
research because it is really needful to continuing the quality of the Research Study.
Aims & Objectives of the Research Study
RO 01 - To assess the effect of strategic leadership on Employee performance of the Bank of
Ceylon
RO 02 - To assess the effect of Employee motivation of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 03 -To assess the effect of company policies of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 04 - To assess the effect of the internal environment of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 05 -To assess the effect of Training & Development of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 06 –Provide recommendations to improve the strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
Chapter profiles
This research study is consisting with the 05 chapters and those chapters explains different
areas of the study such as chapter 01- Introduction, Chapter 02- critical review of Literature,
Chapter 03- Research Methodology, Chapter 04- Data Presentation and analysis and Chapter
05- Conclusion & Recommendations. When considering about the chapter 01 of this research
study, it explains the introduction such as background of the research study, rationale of the
research, background of the industry, aims and objectives of the research study and chapter
profiles of the dissertation. This chapter explain all introduction parts related to the research
and the objectives which are using to conduct the research study.
Under the chapter 2, this researcher explains the literature review related to the research report,
research questions which related to the research, conceptual framework which is using for the
dissertation and the hypothesis regarding to the research study. Under the literature review part,
this researcher is explaining what is the human resource management, what is the employee
performance, what are the factors which effecting to the employee performance, what is the
strategic leadership, what are the advantages/ disadvantages of strategic leadership and what
are the factors effecting to the strategic leadership.
This researcher is using chapter 03 for explaining the research methodology relating to the
research study. the researcher is explaining 08 things such as research onion related to the
research, Sampling framework of the research study, data collection method, data collection
instruments, data access/practicability, role of the researcher, validity, reliability and the
generalizability and the ethical consideration of the research. Under the research onion, the
researcher is identifying the research philosophy, research approach, research strategies, data
gathering method, time horizon and data analysing method which can be using for conducting
the research study. Not only that the researcher is explaining the population, selected sample
and how the researcher selected the sample, data collection instruments which using to collect
the data, what is the role which play by the researcher during the time which conduct this
research and the validity, reliability and the generalizability and the ethical consideration of the
research.
Under the Chapter 04, this researcher does the data analysing part relating to the research study.
This research using 03 analysing methods such as Respondent analysis, correlation analysis
and the regression analysis. Under this respondent analysis researcher made questionnaires to
gather the personal information from individuals separately like Age, gender, Marital status
and the working experience. Under the correlation analysis, the researcher is using to determine
the connection between two numerical variables and using regression analysis to evaluate the
relations among dependent variable and one of the independent variables. This researcher is
using chapter 05 for present the conclusion of the research, recommendation, contribution to
the knowledge, limitations and the future research suggestions and the personal reflection
related to the research study. This researcher is providing the conclusion and recommendations
based on the research objectives which developed by using the hypothesis. Under the
contribution to the knowledge, this researcher is explaining how this module helps to enhance
the knowledge and under the personal reflection, it explains how this module helps to improve
the personal and professional developments.
CHAPTER 02 – CRITICAL REVIEW & LITERATURE
Literature Review
Human Resource Management
Human resource management is the strategic approach which using to planning, organizing,
directing and controlling the workers of the association that supposed to attain the organization
purposes. HRM focus on gaining, expansion and consumption of the individuals who are
working in the organization. In an organization HRM department includes to performance and
the development of the both workers and the association. Purpose of the Human resource
management is maximizing the productivity of the Organization by improving the effectiveness
of employees.
Employee Performance
Employee performance can be defining as the way of employees who are working in the related
company are do their job duties, how they have achieved their tasks, how they have working
for achieving the company objectives within the company. Any of the company can be measure
this performance of any of the employee by considering about the quality of the work, quantity
which achieved and the efficiency which they have working within the company. Any of the
company can be take a picture of the company performance and the going concern of the
company by considering about the employee performance. When considering the business
organization as an example if the employees are performing well the consumers are satisfying
if not the consumers can be dissatisfied about the product, service and also the entire
organization too. When considering about the evaluating this employee performance, different
companies are using different methods such as 360 degree feedback, SWOT Analysis, selfevaluation and etc. every company should have to maintain and increasing the employee
performance to operate successfully in the industry, therefore, every company using some
methods to improving the employee performance such as providing feedback on the
performance, discussing about the issues of the employees and providing solutions, creating
better and safe working environment within the company, providing training and development
to the employees according to the requirements, setting measurable goals and maximize the
employee’s job satisfaction by providing bonus, incentives, rewards and awards based on the
performance.
Factors affecting to the Employee Performance
When considering about the employee performance of the company, it is most important to the
company since it has more power to ensure about the success of the company. When
considering about the employees of the company, there are few different factors which can
affecting to the performance. When considering about the tasks which the company have
provided to the employees, this factor can be affecting positively and negatively. If the
company is providing a fair and measurable task to the employees with reasonable time
duration, employees are performed well to achieve the task within the on time but if the
company is providing them to unfairly, the employees take more time to finishing the task. As
another factor, if the company is providing fair and reasonable compensation to the employee,
they will perform well with the good job satisfaction but if the company unable to satisfy their
employees in a better manner the performance of the employees can be decreasing. Not only
that the other factor is reward and awards, if the company can be providing some awards and
reward to the employees, the company can be motivating the employees. It can be positively
impact on the increasing the employee performance. There are more factors can be affecting
apart from the above factors in positively or negatively to the performance of the employees
who are working at the relevant company.
Strategic Leadership
Strategic leadership can be defining as different practices of the management which is using
by the executives to manage the people and the company and to develop specific vision for the
relevant organization. Leaders who are using this strategic leadership can be express their
strategic vision to the relevant organization which they have working. This can be really helpful
for motivating people who are working in an organization with them. Not only that this
strategic leadership can be using for utilizing the human resource management of the company.
This is most important to the companies to influencing and motivating the employees who are
working in the company, go with the organizational change, changing the organizational
structures and allocating the resources of the company in related to the strategic vision of the
company which developed by using this strategic leadership. The main purpose of this
leadership is strategic productivity and develops the working environment of the company to
influence and motivate the people in the company to do their job in better manner. The leaders
who are using this strategic leadership always trying to encourage the employees to follow
innovative ideas and also, they have using rewards and other bonus and incentives to
encouraging and motivating people to increasing their productivity and the quality of the
performance by doing their level best for the relevant company.
Advantages and Disadvantages of strategic leadership
There are few of advantages and disadvantages can be identifying when considering about the
Strategic leadership. As advantages it providing clear picture within the company, it makes
task oriented organizational environment to achieve company goals, creating better working
environment for the employees to working with the safety and as team and build the
commitment. When considering about the disadvantages there are few such as always
impossible in the future with the vision which build by the leader because future is not expect
in every time as what they expected, sometime it is not flexible with the every activity of the
company, sometimes the plans of the strategic leaders can be expensive and more costly than
the normal planning and also this strategic leadership is always trying to maintain good future
within the company therefore, the current problems can be miss by them.
Research Questions
RQ 01 – What is the effect of strategic leadership on Employee performance of the Bank of
Ceylon?
RQ 02 – What is the effect of Employee motivation of the strategic leadership on the
Employee Performance of the Bank of Ceylon?
RQ 03 – What is the effect of company policies of the strategic leadership on the Employee
Performance of the Bank of Ceylon?
RQ 04 – What is the effect of the internal environment of the strategic leadership on the
Employee Performance of the Bank of Ceylon?
RQ 05 – What is the effect of Training & Development of the strategic leadership on the
Employee Performance of the Bank of Ceylon?
RQ 06 –What are the recommendations which useful for improving the strategic leadership
on the Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon?
Conceptual framework
Strategic Leadership
Employee motivation
Company policies
Employee
Performance
Internal environment
Training & Development
Strategic Leadership
Strategic leadership means different practices of the management which is using administrators
and managers of different companies to manage the workforce to develop a specific vision for
the relevant organization. This strategic leadership helps motivate and utilize the human
resource management of the company and also provides a clear picture within the company to
the employees and the stakeholders of the company too. But this strategic leadership concept
can be expensive and more costly than the normal planning which is used within the company.
Employee motivation
Employee Motivation can be simply defined as which amount of energy, commitment, and
contribution which put to do the duties and the responsibilities related to the company by the
employees. This employee motivation can be divided into 02 types as intrinsic motivation and
extrinsic motivation. Every company needs to motivate its employees to operate the company
successfully. Companies should have to evaluate and understand the employees and provide
suitable motivations to them to increase employee performance and also employee
engagement. Intrinsic motivation can be defined as the employee motivated within themselves
like taking positive feedback to the work. Extrinsic motivation means employees are motivated
by considering external factors like taking rewards, bonuses, incentives, and awards. There are
different ways of motivating people such as satisfaction surveys, career development,
providing flexible working hours, creating a better internal environment, etc. (questionpro,
2021)
Company policies
Company policies are the main important thing in the company. Every company should have
to maintain a good set of policies to maintain a good working environment and internal control
within the company and also company needs to appoint a committee or responsible person to
ensure the employees and the company are operating by considering the company policies. It
is very helpful for making a better picture of the company in the industry in which they have
operating, consumers, and the competitor’s mind. Not only that these company policies are
most important to provide better and quality products and services to the employees, motivating
and maintaining a good workforce within the company, decreasing accidents and issues among
the employees or within the company.
Internal environment
When considering the organization, there are external environment and the internal
environment. But when talking about employee performance, the internal environment is the
most important factor which can consider by the company. The internal environment is the
factors and the people which can identify within the company which can affect the company
and the company related things. The internal environment is consisting of the employees,
management, culture, processes, plans, policies, resources, etc. these factors and the people can
directly affect the company and can be controlled by the company. The company can be
managing and control this internal environment compared to the external environment.
(businessjargons, 2021)
Training & Development
The educational and developing the skills and knowledge things related to the company for
enhancing and increasing the skills, knowledge, and abilities of the employees who are working
at the relevant company. Every company can be increasing the performance of the employees,
increasing the effectiveness and productivity of the employees by providing suitable training
and development programs according to the requirements of the employees. There are different
kinds of training which the companies are providing such as technical training, quality training,
skills training, and professional training. Companies can be using all those training programs
to enhance the employee’s skills and abilities who are working at the company. (darwinbox,
2021)
Employee Performance
Employee performance is the way of workforces who are working in the related company are
do their job responsibilities, how they have achieved their tasks and how they have working
for achieving the company objectives within the company. 360-degree feedback, SWOT
Analysis, self-evaluation are the different methods that are used by the different companies to
evaluate this employee performance within their relevant companies. These companies can be
using these methods to provide feedback on the performance, discuss the issues of the
employees, and provide solutions, creating a better and safe working environment within the
company to increase the performance of the employees.
Hypothesis
H0 1 – There is no significance relationship between strategic leadership and the Employee
performance
H1 1 - There is a significance relationship between strategic leadership and the Employee
performance
H0 2 - There is no significance relationship between Employee motivation and the Employee
performance
H1 2 - There is a significance relationship between Employee motivation and the Employee
performance
H0 3- There is no significance relationship between company policies and the Employee
performance
H1 3-There is a significance relationship between company policies and the Employee
performance
H0 4-There is no significance relationship between internal environment and the Employee
Performance
H14- There is a significance relationship between internal environment and the Employee
performance
H0 5 -There is no significance relationship between Training & Development and the
Employee performance
H1 5- There is a significance relationship between Employee Benefits and the Employee
performance
CHAPTER 03 – RESEARCH METHODOLGY
Research Onion
The model of research onion was developed in 2007 by the Saunders. This model is consisting
with the 06 components which called research philosophy, research approach, research
strategy, choice, time horizon and the technics and the procedures. The research can use this
model to explaining the process which they have using for conducting the research study. This
is really important model when the researcher is developing the research methodology related
to the study.
Research philosophy is method which using for gathering, analysing and using the data related
to the specific area. This stage includes positivism, pragmatism, realistic and interpretivism
philosophies. Positivism philosophy means conducting the research on already existing and
accepted theory. Pragmatism philosophy means conducting the research by considering 02
points of view. Realistic philosophy is conducting research for find new theories and findings
and interpretivism philosophy is conducting research for explaining the organizational
behaviour. This researcher is not using realistic philosophy, because the researcher is not
research for developing the new theories or findings. The researcher is not using Pragmatism
philosophy, because the research study is only considering about one point of view. And also,
this research is not using interpretivism philosophy, because the researcher is not going to
explaining the organizational behaviour of the Bank of Ceylon. This researcher is only using
the Positivism philosophy because the research is conducting based on already existing and
accepted theory.
Research approach is the procedure which can using for conduct the research and this stage is
consisting with the inductive and deductive approaches. Inductive approach is useful for
developing the new theories and conducting the study based on the new study area. The
deductive approach is useful for conducting the research study based on the already existing
theory or the area. Therefore, the researcher has not used Inductive approach because the
research is not for developing new theories and the researcher is only using deductive approach
because it is already done by the past researchers and the area is already existing.
Research strategy is the way of collecting and analysing the research study related data. The
researcher can use different research strategies like surveys, case studies, archival research
studies, and action research studies. The researcher who conducting this research study is not
using archival research studies because the including information is complicated to understand
and not directly related to the study. And also, not using action research studies because the
information which taking from the studies cannot applicable for the research and it can take
long time to gathering and analysing the data. This researcher is only using surveys and case
studies related to the topic. It can really helpful for maintaining the quality id the research study
and saving the time.
According to the research onion, there are 02 choices which called quantitative method and
qualitative method which can use for analysing the gathered date for the research study. The
researcher can use the quantitative method to analysing the gathered data by using numeric
method and using qualitative method to analysing the gathered data by using bar graphs. The
researcher has 03 ways which can using these quantitative method and qualitative method
through the research such as mono method, mixed-method and multi-method. mono method is
analysing the required data by using one above method. The researcher is not using this method
because it cannot measure if it’s wrong or not. multi-method is analysing the required data by
using both quantitative and qualitative methods at the same time. The researcher is not using
this method because it can take long time when the same data is analysing in two different ways
in same time and the mixed-method is analysing the same data in 02 different way and
comparing to make sure that the analysis is correct or wrong. The researcher is using this
method because it is more flexible, more adaptable, and also can compare quantitative and
qualitative data.
Other stage of the research onion is the Time Horizon. It can be defining as the time duration
which required to conduct the research study. The researcher can use the 02 ways such as
longitudinal and cross-sectional time horizon. Longitudinal time horizon means the time which
takes repeatedly 2/3 times to collect the data. This researcher is not using this time horizon
because it can take too, much of time and the researcher can be failing to present the research
on time by using this time horizon. But the researcher is using cross-sectional time horizon
because the researcher can collect the data once and measure the research related factors and
create the relevant hypothesis clearly.
The Last stage of the research onion is the data collection and the Analysis. It has 03
components such as respondent analysis, correlation analysis and the regression analysis. This
researcher is using all the Analysis methods through this research study. This researcher has
used the questionnaire method under the respondent analysis to collect the personal data from
the employees of the Bank of Ceylon such as Age, Gender, Designation, marriage status and
the experience level of the employees. The researcher has using correlation analysis as the
mathematical tool to analyse the data which gathered by using questionnaire method. At last,
the researcher has used regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between the dependent
and independent variable which have using to do the research.
Population and Sampling
Population
A population can be defined as the group of people, actions, or equipment that is interesting to
investigate by the researcher to conduct the research report and select the sample from the
population. The researcher is selecting 95 amounts of the population for the research study
from the selected BOC branch (Central Province Office) which is situated in Kandy.
Sample
Sample can be defined as a subgroup of the population that is selected for the research. the
researcher has chosen the population as 95 and selected the sample according to the cluster
sampling method. the researcher has selected 76 respondents as the sample size for the research
study by using the Cluster sampling method.
Department
Employees Sample
Credit Department
11
11/95*76 = 9
Domestic & Clearing Department
7
7/95*76 = 6
Front Office
14
14/95*76 = 11
Audit Department
5
5/95*76 = 4
Credit Card Centre
2
2/95*76 = 2
Pawning Centre
6
6/95*76 = 5
Recovery Department
9
9/95*76 = 7
NRFC & International Banking Unit
4
4/95*76 = 3
General Administration
3
3/95*76 = 2
Post Unit
3
3/95*76 = 2
Security & Drivers
12
12/95*76 = 10
Office Assistants
4
4/95*76 = 3
Cash Department
4
4/95*76 = 3
Tellers (Counter)
11
11/95*76 = 9
Total Population & Sample
95
76
Sample Selection method
When the researcher is considering the sample size which needs to conduct the research study,
some methods can use to select this sample size easily. There are02 main categories under the
sample selection method as probability sampling method and non-probability sampling
method. When considering the probability sampling method, there are two methods called the
Simple random sampling method and cluster sampling method. Under the Nonprobability
sampling method, there are 03 methods called Judgmental sampling method, convincing
sampling method, snowball sampling method.
Each researcher is using different methods to conduct their research studies among these
methods. The researcher is not using this Simple random sampling method when researching
because the researcher can research without missing important job designations such as
managers, assistant managers, executives, etc. The researcher is not using the Judgmental
sampling method because the researcher should have to choose the sample size based on their
knowledge therefore sometimes some of the important data can be missing to add to the
research study. The researcher can miss important information from the important roles of the
company which is importantly required doing this research, therefore, this researcher is not
using the convincing sampling method, and also this researcher is not using the snowball
sampling method because it is a recruitment technic that can use for recruit participants for the
study.
This researcher is conducting this research by using the cluster sampling selection method as
the Sample Selection method. This cluster sampling method is the method used by most
researchers because under this method the researcher can categorize the total employees into
different groups and it is very useful to gather the data without missing even one employee
from the selected sample. Under this sample selection method, the researcher can be
categorizing the selected sample according to the department in which they are working and
gather the information related to the research without missing any information from the
employees who are working at the Bank of Ceylon.
Data Collection Method
There are 02 types of data collection methods which can identified under the research collection
method such as primary data and secondary data. Primary data can define as the data which
can collect directly from the main sources by using questionnaires, interview and observation
and the secondary data can defining as the data which can collect directly from the main sources
by using various case studies, books, journals, articles, websites, Company records etc. When
considering about the primary data collection methods, the researcher is not interviewing the
employees because it can be taking long time to collect the all the information required to the
research and the researcher was not doing any observation on the employees because it difficult
to visiting the branch with COVID-19 situation. Therefore, the researcher has only used
Questionnaire which made through Google Form. This Questionnaire is consisting with the 25
questions and it is easy way for gathering data from the employees in every level.
When considering about the secondary data collection method, the researcher was using
surveys which have done related to the relevant area, the studies relevant to the Bank of Ceylon,
Past researchers which conducted by the past researchers, journals, articles, websites, Company
records to gather the data related to the Bank of Ceylon. (Formplus, 2020)
Data Access/ Practicability
The researcher has collected all the required information from the employees who working at
the Bank of Ceylon through the Google form. The researcher has included 25 questions to this
google form. The researcher has made that questionnaire by using the variables of the
conceptual model of the research. The Google form has provided to the employees of the Bank
of Ceylon through the Email and it is really helpful for the researcher to preventing the
difficulties of visiting the bank while this COVID-19 Pandemic Situation of the Country and
also the researcher has maintained the health and safety conditions when conducting the
research study. The researcher has taken the advantage of gathering the data without wasting
long time. Therefore, this google form is really suitable and helpful data access technic to
gathering the data. The Data Access Method of the research study is really important in the
time duration which conducting the research study. According to this research study, the
researcher has managed the cost without exceeding the cost and also without wasting long time
period. Not only that, the researcher able to maintain a good quality and the generalizability
through the whole-time duration when conducting the research.
Role of the Researcher
The researcher was conducting this research study as individual research study and studying
about How the strategic leadership is effecting on the Employee performance of the Bank of
Ceylon”. The researcher is playing a major role as “Project Manager” through this individual
research project and all the project tasks are done as individual role without any other team
members. The research has collected the data by using both primary and secondary data
collection method and analysing by using the respondent, correlation and regression analysis.
Not only that, this researcher has conducted this individual report as unbiased researcher. The
researcher has not done any favour to the anything related to the research study such as the
researcher has provided the google form for every employee which including in the sample
without any favour, the researcher has not force to conducting any interviews and observation
related to the employees.
Furthermore, there are more reasons which can mentioned such as the researcher was using
both the primary and secondary data methods to conducting the research with the suitable data,
the researcher was using the questionnaire method to collect the data without any disturbance
for the employees and without facing difficulties regarding to the healthy issues. Not only that,
the researcher has used respondent analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis to find
that there is any significant relationship between the variables or not. These methods are really
helpful to understand how one of the variables can be affecting to another variable within a
bank. This researcher has maintained good validity, reliability and the generalizability to
maintain and finish the research with the high quality as unbiased researcher. All of these
above-mentioned reasons are the examples which can considering this researcher has
conducting this research study as the unbiased researcher.
Validity, Reliability and Generalizability
Validity
The Validity can be defining as the method which is useful to measure the quality of the
research study, measure the data which essential for conducting the research study and also this
is really helpful methods for take a pure and better picture about the methods which using by
the researcher. (scribbr, 2021). According to this research study, the researcher has used
primary and the secondary data collection method to collecting the data and the researcher has
able to measure those data which gathering by using the questionnaires under this validity.
Furthermore, the researcher has used some annual reports, official web sites of Bank of Ceylon,
case studies related to the BOC and the past research studies regarding to the BOC to gathering
the required data for the research study. Both above collection methods are really helpful for
taking and using required data to maintain a good quality through the time duration of
conducting the research study. The researcher who conducting this research study is using the
deductive research approach when conducting the research. Under the deductive research
approach, the researcher has used some quality and famous articles and research studies which
done by the Local past researchers.
Reliability
Reliability can be defining as the method which can using for measuring something
continuously. (scribbr, 2021). This method is commonly using related to the quantitative
research but its helpful for the qualitative research in sometimes. According to the
identification of the Kirk and Miller in 1986, they have identified 03 reliability types related to
the quantitative research such as the grade to which a quantity, given frequently, leftovers the
similar, the steadiness of a measurement over time, the resemblance of measurements within
an assumed time duration. This reliability is useful for every research study to identify the
reliability of each and every theory which has used to measure the research variables before
testing the reliability by using the statistical analysis. Furthermore, this reliability is useful for
checking whether if the something is reliable or non by doing copying and near-sighted if
similar significances are collected and ensuring the researcher who conducting this research
study is maintaining the reliability of the measures which were developed to accomplish the
purpose of the research study.
Generalizability
Generalizability can be simply explaining as the measure which can be understand what is the
way which these findings and the preparations are affecting to the wide-ranging group of
people or environments. (Hydrocephalus, 2021). This generalizability is important to the
different kinds of people and the situations. The researcher who doing this research study is
maintain good generalizability through the whole research study to finish the research with
high quality. According to this research study, the researcher has only used the Provincial office
of the Bank of Ceylon which is situated in Kandy because the researcher has identified all the
departments are operating within this branch and it can be really useful for understanding the
branch operations of the whole branch which having through the country and the overseas
under the Bank of Ceylon. The Researcher have considering and selecting the cluster sampling
method to select the sample to gathering information without missing employees who are
working in every department and level of the Bank of Ceylon (Central Province Office).
According to the above-mentioned reasons, anyone who refer this research study can be
understand that there is good generalizability and this research can be applicable for the whole
bank of Ceylon. Therefore, the research study has good generalizability and it’s not applicable
for Central Province Office branch of the Bank of Ceylon.
Ethical Consideration
When considering about any of the research study, the most significant segment of the research
study is the Ethical consideration. When considering about the individual research report like
this, the researcher has using and maintaining some ethics related to some areas of the research
study such as informed consents, voluntary participation, confidentially, conflict interest, data
security, social responsibility and the vulnerable groups related to the Bank of Ceylon.
Informed Consents
The researcher who is conducting this research study is informing the relevant company and
taking permission to use the information to the research study and also informed employees
about the questionnaire which they need to fill to provide the information related to the strategic
leadership and the employee performance of the Bank and the purpose of doing this research
study. The researcher is only gathering the data with the permission and the willingness of the
company and employees without forcing to any of the parties to gather the data.
Voluntary Participation
The researcher is using Google form to gather the information because the employees can be
facing uncomfortable answering the questions directly. Therefore, the researcher can be
gathering the responses from the employees without getting them uncomfortable and also the
research has explained the purpose of gathering data and the research is not asking about the
identity of the employees and the researcher has provided the questionnaires to provide the
answers freely to the researcher. The researcher has not done any favouriting on employees
and also not forcing for any interviews or the observations to collect the data.
Confidentially
The researcher has not asked for personal details like names and identity numbers of the
employees. The researcher is only asking about the age, designation, and experience to ensure
about the grade and the time duration which the employees are working at the bank of Ceylon
and understand about the information which they have providing through the Google form. The
researcher has stored all the data within the excel sheet and stored it with the computer with
the safety pin to protect the privacy of the employee information. Not only that, the researcher
has used those data only for this academic purpose.
Conflict Interest
The research has identified 06 objectives related to the research study and the researcher has
always considered those 06 objectives and is not concerned about any other area apart from the
research study. Because the researcher is not going to take any risk of losing the consideration
of the research topic and reducing the quality of the research study. It is really important to
achieve the objective of the research successfully within the right time.
Data Security
The researcher has always used security protection methods to protect the information which
is collected by the employees who are working at the Bank of Ceylon within the Sample
selection of the population. Therefore, this researcher always uses a security pin with the
computer and the document, and also the researcher has used safe software when analysing the
data safely to add them to the research report. Therefore, the researcher can be reducing the
risk of losing data and also privacy of the collected data. Not only that the researcher has using
only the academic related things and not any kind of personal related things with the employees.
Social responsibility
The researcher has always considered the society and the environment, the researcher is not
using the information gathered from the employees who are working at the Bank of Ceylon to
the harmful things to the society and the environment and the researcher has ensured to use
these data only for the research. Therefore, the researcher has able to finishing the research
report without any harm on the employees who have provided the data for the research study
and also for the company. not only that, this research has finished with the better quality for
the future researchers to refer this when they are conducting research related to the same topic,
company or the related area.
Vulnerable Groups
The research has asked about personal questions like age, gender, experiences, and the
designation to know and understand about the respondents who are participating in the research
report well because when talking about the employee-related things, the researcher should
know about the population which used to make the research report successfully. furthermore,
the researcher has conducted the research studies by using the data which provided by the
different groups within the company.
Identification of Constraints
Constraints can be generally defined as the limitations and restrictions which the researchers
have to face when conducting the research study. According to the research study “The study
on the effect of Strategic leadership on employee performance in Banking Industry with the
special references to the Bank of Ceylon, Kandy”, there are some constraints such as cost, time,
and the data accessing. The research who conducting this research has limited to the research
on Central province Office of Bank of Ceylon to reduce the Cost. When considering time, the
researcher has limited the time which going to put to gather the information from the employees
and also limited the scope of the research to manage the time well. Not only that, the research
has created Google Forms to gather data without any delay during the Covid-19 Pandemic
situation in the Country.
Cost
When considering the cost required for the research study, it is a very important part of the
research because any researcher has to spend some cost on delivering/ presenting a good and
quality research report. If any of the researchers can conduct the research and present it by
using low cost. When considering the cost of research, the researcher can control the scope of
the research or can be increasing the time duration which needs to complete the research to
reduce the cost which needs to conduct the research. According to this research report, the
researcher has used the Bank of Ceylon Kandy Branch to conduct this research out of 2000
touchpoints with over 645 branches, and also the researcher has selected the 40-amount sample
for gathering the information not only that the researcher has using Google form to gather the
information. The researcher has been able to reduce the cost and make the research
successfully.
Time
When doing research, time is very valuable for the research because the research should have
to complete on the date required. Every research has a deadline to present or submit to the
relevant company or the relevant party. According to this research report, there is a specific
time and date to submit and the researcher needs to collect the data and analyze them within
the time which have given. Therefore, this researcher has selected the Kandy Bank of Ceylon,
40 around sample size to manage the time, and decided to collect the data by providing Google
form questionnaires to the employees who are working at the Bank of Ceylon. The researcher
has to provide the Google form online and ask to submit it via email. It is 25 questions included
form and it is very easy to feel at any time and not disturbing to the working hours. It is most
important to complete the research successfully without any delay.
Data access
When considering the data access of the research report, it is more important when completing
the research. Therefore, the researcher has selected the Kandy branch to access easily, it is very
easy to collect the data without delay, the researcher has used Google forms to gathering data
without wasting the time to collecting the information and also the research has sent the Google
form via the Email to saving the time of visiting the branch in many times. When considering
the access method of data, the researcher has been able to complete the research successfully
on the time on the correct time without any delay. The researcher is using this method because
of the Covid-19 situation and therefore, this researcher has collected the information without
facing conflicts such as visiting the branches many times, health issues, or transportation
restrictions.
CHAPTER 04 – DATA PRESENTATION & ANALYSIS
Descriptive Analysis
Descriptive analysis can be defining as the analysis which can conducted by using the personal
responses which received from the employees who are working at the Bank of Ceylon. (SAGE
Researchmethods, 2020). According to this research study, the researcher analysed the Age,
Gender, Marital Status, the years of working experiences and the designation of the employees
who are working at the Bank of Ceylon.
Age of the Employees
Statistics
Age of Employees
Valid
76
N
Missing
0
Mean
32.47
Median
30.00
Mode
Std. Deviation
28
7.019
Minimum
24
Maximum
52
Age of Employees
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
24
1
1.3
1.3
1.3
25
6
7.9
7.9
9.2
26
4
5.3
5.3
14.5
27
7
9.2
9.2
23.7
28
12
15.8
15.8
39.5
29
3
3.9
3.9
43.4
30
11
14.5
14.5
57.9
32
4
5.3
5.3
63.2
34
3
3.9
3.9
67.1
35
6
7.9
7.9
75.0
36
2
2.6
2.6
77.6
37
1
1.3
1.3
78.9
38
4
5.3
5.3
84.2
39
2
2.6
2.6
86.8
40
2
2.6
2.6
89.5
45
3
3.9
3.9
93.4
50
3
3.9
3.9
97.4
52
2
2.6
2.6
100.0
76
100.0
100.0
Total
Gender of Employees
Statistics
Gender of Employees
Valid
76
N
Missing
0
Mean
1.37
Median
1.00
Mode
1
Std. Deviation
.486
Minimum
1
Maximum
2
Gender of Employees
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Male
48
63.2
63.2
63.2
Female
28
36.8
36.8
100.0
Total
76
100.0
100.0
Designation of the Employees
Statistics
Designation of Employees
Valid
76
N
Missing
0
Designation of Employees
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Administration Assistant
1
1.3
1.3
1.3
Administration Officer
1
1.3
1.3
2.6
15
19.7
19.7
22.4
Assistant Manager
2
2.6
2.6
25.0
Audit Assistant
2
2.6
2.6
27.6
Audit Officer
2
2.6
2.6
30.3
Credit Assistant
4
5.3
5.3
35.5
Credit Card Officer
2
2.6
2.6
38.2
Credit Officer
4
5.3
5.3
43.4
Dcd.Assistant
4
5.3
5.3
48.7
Dcd.Officer
2
2.6
2.6
51.3
Driver
2
2.6
2.6
53.9
Front Office Assistant
8
10.5
10.5
64.5
Front Officer
2
2.6
2.6
67.1
Officer
5
6.6
6.6
73.7
Pawning Assistant
3
3.9
3.9
77.6
Pawning Officer
2
2.6
2.6
80.3
Recovery Assistant
5
6.6
6.6
86.8
Recovery Officer
2
2.6
2.6
89.5
Security
8
10.5
10.5
100.0
76
100.0
100.0
Assistant
Total
Statistics
Marriage Status of the
Employee
Valid
76
N
Missing
0
Mean
1.43
Median
1.00
Mode
1
Std. Deviation
.499
Minimum
1
Maximum
2
Marriage Status of the Employee
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Married
43
56.6
56.6
56.6
Single
33
43.4
43.4
100.0
Total
76
100.0
100.0
Experience of the Employees
Statistics
Years of Experience
Valid
76
N
Missing
0
Mean
4.95
Median
5.00
Mode
Std. Deviation
2
2.678
Minimum
1
Maximum
12
Years of Experience
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
1
4
5.3
5.3
5.3
2
14
18.4
18.4
23.7
3
6
7.9
7.9
31.6
4
11
14.5
14.5
46.1
5
12
15.8
15.8
61.8
6
11
14.5
14.5
76.3
7
6
7.9
7.9
84.2
8
6
7.9
7.9
92.1
9
1
1.3
1.3
93.4
10
1
1.3
1.3
94.7
11
1
1.3
1.3
96.1
12
3
3.9
3.9
100.0
76
100.0
100.0
Total
Correlation Analysis
Correlation Analysis can be defining as the numerical technique which can used to compute
the strength of relationship between two of numerical variables which is included in this
research study. (ScienceDirect, 2021). According to this correlation analysis of the research
report, the researcher has identified and understand about the relationship between each
variable. This researcher has found about the relationship between mainly the strategic
leadership and the Employee performance at the Bank of Ceylon. the researcher can have
identified if there is Strong positive relationship, Moderate Positive relationship, Moderate
negative relationship, Strong Negative Relationship or if there is no any relationship between
the variables which is using to conduct the research to identify the impact of the strategic
leadership on the Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon.
0.5 – 1 = Strong positive relationship
0 – 0.5 = Moderate Positive relationship
0 = No relationship
1 – (-0.5) = Moderate negative relationship
(-0.5) – (-1) = Strong Negative Relationship
RO 02 - To assess the effect of Employee motivation of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 03 -To assess the effect of company policies of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 04 - To assess the effect of the internal environment of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 05 -To assess the effect of Training & Development of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis can be identify as set of numerical procedures used for the estimation of
relations among a dependent variable and one of the independent variables. (CFI, 2021).
According to the research study on “The study on impact of the Strategic Leadership on the
Employee Performance of the Bank of Ceylon”, the researcher should have to ensure that there
is significant relationship between the variables which is using under the Strategic Leadership.
Therefore, under the regression analysis, this researcher analysing the relationship between
Strategic Leadership on the Employee Performance, Employee Motivation of the Strategic
Leadership on the Employee Performance, company policies of the Strategic Leadership on the
Employee Performance, Internal Environment of the Strategic Leadership on the Employee
Performance and the Training and development of the Strategic Leadership on the Employee
Performance
Significance Value <=
0.05 – There is
significance
relationship between
variables
Significance Value>
0.05 – There is no any
significance value
between the variables
RO 01 - To assess the effect of strategic leadership on Employee performance of the Bank of
Ceylon
RO 02 - To assess the effect of Employee motivation of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 03 -To assess the effect of company policies of strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 04 - To assess the effect of the internal environment of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 05 -To assess the effect of Training & Development of strategic leadership on the
Employee performance of the Bank of Ceylon
RO 06 –Provide recommendations to improve the strategic leadership on the Employee
performance of the Bank of Ceylon