7/10/23, 4:02 PM
QUIZ 1 (SAS 1-10)
QUIZ 1 (SAS 1-10)
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EXAMINATION PROPER
God Bless!
The researcher dips into study setting at a given point after the study design is
completed, then gathers present data on events occurring at that time.
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Cross-sectional Data
Respective Data
Prospective Data
Retrospective Data
Response or scores are affected by the respondents’ personal states which
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influence motivation to cooperate. Examples are fatigue, hunger, anxiety or mood.
Environmental contaminants
Quality of responses
Variation in personal factors
Clarity of the instrument
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QUIZ 1 (SAS 1-10)
These are gathered through actual observation and recording of events. For
ethical reasons the subjects must be informed that they are being observed.
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Use of already existing or available data
Use of observers’ data
Participant observer
Non-participant observer
These are qualities, properties or characteristics of persons, things, or situations, *
may change or vary,
manipulated, measured, or controlled.
Measurement
Methods
Analysis
Variables
This technique uses a series of questionnaires to gather a consensus of options
and information from a group of
experts.
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Use of Delphi Technique
Critical Incident Technique
The Use of Self Recording or the Reporting Approach
Use of observers’ data
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is the ability of the instrument to correctly screen or identify the variables to be
manipulated and measure
to diagnose its condition.
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Sensitivity
Specificity
Measurabilty
Countability
These are used to classify variables into categories but cannot be ranked,
categories are mutually exclusive
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Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Refers to future data or events that occurred after the study design has been
completed, but the study is pursued over a relatively long period of time into the
future.
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Cross-sectional Data
Respective Data
Prospective Data
Retrospective Data
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The rankings of variables on a scale with equal intervals between the numbers,
consists of real numbers,
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The zero point remains arbitrary and not absolute
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
The observer does not identify herself to the subjects she will observe. *
Overt non-participant observer
Covert non-participant observer
Non-participant observer
Participant observer
Refers to whether the instrument looks as though it is measuring the appropriate *
construct.
Face Validity
Content Validity
Validity
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The observer is involved with the subjects and has full knowledge an awareness
of the subjects to be
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observed.
Unstructured Observation
Structured Observations.
Covert participant observer
Overt participant observer
Manipulation check is utilized by the researcher in what threat to statistical
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conclusion validity?
Restriction of range
Low statistical power
Unreliable implementation of treatment
Researcher expectancies
Frequently called ex-post facto studies. *
Cross-sectional Data
Retrospective Data
Prospective Data
Respective Data
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It is the evidence that different methods of measuring a construct yield similar
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results.
Convergent Validity
Divergent Validity
Discriminant Validity
Predictive Validity
A researcher will measure the validity of her instrument on the phenomena of
grief in pandemic. The validity that
*
measures grief is:
Criterion-Related Validity
Construct Validity
Content Validity
Face Validity
These are used to show relative rankings of variables, and in ordering
observations according to magnitude or intensity; from most to least; highest to
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lowest
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
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Primarily concerns the degree to which two or more independent observers or
coders agree about scoring.
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Equivalence
Tests of Internal Consistency
Internal Consistency
Tests of Stability
It is the ranking of variables on scales with equal intervals, distance between
ranks is specified up to the zero point level, the zero is absolute
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Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
It is a is a procedure for assigning numerical values to represent the amount of an *
attribute present in an
object or person.
Measurement
Methods
Analysis
Variables
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It is the ability to differentiate construct from other similar constructs. *
Convergent Validity
Discriminant Validity
Both a and b
Predictive Validity
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