12 VOCABULARY Govemment and society 1 Read the text and decide which option (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. V ie w e d fro m th e o u tsid e (1) ....‘fi’.... , th e Houses o f P a rlia m e n t lo o k im pressive. The a rch ite ctu re gives th e place a tra d itio n a l lo o k, and th e b u ild in g s are sandw iched I b e tw e e n a busy square and th e river, m a k in g th e m a ( 2 ) ........... b e tw e e n th e c o u n try house o f an eccentric d u ke and a V lc to ria n ra ilw a y sta tio n . You have o n iy to learn th a t th e m em bers ( 3 ) ........... to each o th e r as T h e H o n o u ra b le M e m b e r' to ( 4 ) ............. th e p Icture o f a d ig n ifle d g e n tle m e n 's d u b , w ith o f course a fe w ladies to ( 5 ) ........... th e ; num bers. Sadly, o ve r th e past fe w years firs t radio, and n o w te le visio n , have show n th e ( 6 ) ........... public, w h o are ( 7 ) ............. th e e le cto ra te , w h a t in fa c t ( 8 ) ............. w h e n bills are discussed and questions are asked. The firs t o b v io u s fa c t is th a t th e ch a m b e r is E v e ry rarely fu li, and th e re m ay be on Iy a h a n d fu l o f m em bers present, som e o f w h o m are q u ite clearly asieep, te llin g jokes to th e ir n e ig hb o u r, o r s h o u tin g like b a d ly-b e h a ve d sch o o lchild re n . There is n o t e n o u g h room fo r th e m all in th e c h a m b e r in any i ( 9 ) ........... , w h ic h is a second w o rry in g p o in t. O f course, te le visio n does n o t fo llo w th e f w o rk o f c o m m itte e s, w h ic h are th e smali discussion g ro u p s th a t d o m o s t o f th e real w o rk o f th e House. B ut th e ( 1 0 ) ........... im pression th a t vo te rs receive o f th e w o rk in g s o f g o v e rn m e n t is n o t a g o o d one. To p u t it ( 1 1 ) ........... , p a rlia m e n t looks disorganized, is clearly b ehind th e ( 1 2 ) ........... and seems to be ( 1 3 ) ............. w ith bores and com edians. This is p resum ably w h y m em bers ( 1 4 ) ........... fo r so lo n g th e e ffo rts o f television ;Companies to ( 1 5 ) ........... parliam entary matters on television. 1 A likewise 2 A mixture 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 A cali A finalize A take away A average A after all A comes up A point A total A bluntly A ages A fuli A prevented A circulate B at least B combination B B B B B B B B B B B B B refer end bring about ordinary anyway turns up way broad shortly times filled checked beam C nevertheless C cross C speak C conclude C make up C normal C even C goes on C matter C overall C directly C moments C composed C defied C spread D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D as well match submit complete set in generał furthermore lets on case comprehensive basically years comprised resisted broadcast 231 ADVANCED LANGUAGE PRACTICE 2 Complete the collocations in the text by writing a word from the box in each space. candidate votc retirement majority asylum campaign poll manifesto election line W eil, it’s 9.30 at night, and by now almost everybody has cast their (1) ........................ Very soon all our ąuestions wili be answered. Were the government right to hołd the (2) ..........................so soon after the so-called ‘dash for casK scandal, in which certain applicants were apparently granted political (3) ......................... in exchange for financial favours? Will the opposition benefit from the dedsion of ex-Prime Minister David Howe to come out of (4) ..........................and stand as a (5) .......................... ? Will Mr Howes famous refusal to toe the party (6) .......................... in matters of policy affect party unity? Will the vicious smear (7) ..........................which the government have mounted against Mr Howe backfire on them? Weil, all will be revealed pretty soon. Interestingly, an opinion (8) ..........................conducted yesterday by ‘Express Newspapers’ put the government just two per cent ahead, while another, in the ‘Daily Mirror’, indicated they would be re-elected with an increased ( 9 ) ............................ According to the latter poll, people felt that the oppositions election (10) ......................... was poor and contained nothing new. m 3 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. conventional diplomatic oppressed progressive rebellious courteous notorious privileged radical respectable 1 If you are , you are tactful when dealing with people. 2 If you are ....................... , you have a good reputation in your community. 3 If you are ....................... , you are polite. 4 If you are ....................... , you have extreme or very strong views. 5 If you are ....................... , you are being ruled unjustly or cruelly. 6 If you are ....................... .. you behave just like everyone else, perhaps too much so. 7 If you are ....................... , you are against authority and hard to control. 8 If you are .......................... you have more advantages than other people. 9 If you are .......................... you have gained a bad reputation, 10 If you are ....................... .. you are in favour of new ideas. 232 VOCABULARY 12 GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY 4 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. survey bill council authorities power mayor poll motion cabinet reign 1 Mr Bradly has been elected.... ...................of Greenswold for the third time. 2 The government has introduced a ........................outlining its plans for the coal industry. 3 Hello, Tm conducting a ....................... about leisure habits. 4 According to the latest opinion....................... .. the National Party are well ahead of their nearest rivals, the Co-operative Party. 5 Although there is an elected assembly, it is generally recognized that General Domenico wields the re a l.......................... 6 There is a locally elected........................which has responsibility for roads, Street lighting, and other facilities. 7 The king enjoyed a lo n g ........................, and was eventually succeeded by his son, George. 8 T h e ........................were slow to take control of the situation after the earthąuake. 9 The Leader of the Opposition proposed a ........................of no confidence in the government. 10 The Prime Minister called a top-level meeting with the Finance Minister, the Foreign Minister, and other members of th e .......................... 5 Replace the word(s) underlined with a word from the box. abolished restricted reąuired illegal compulsory permitted Yoluntary binding barred liccnscd The proprietor is officially allowed to sell alcohol. The sale of drugs is controUed by law in most countries................... Education from the age of five is obligatory in Britain................... Students have been banned from using local pubs sińce the incident............ The law prohibiting the sale of fruit in the Street has been done away with. 6 For both parties, the terms of this contract are to be obeyed........... 7 With the appHcation, a passport-sized photograph is necessary .... 8 Smoking is not allowed in the classroom................... 9 You don t have to stay after school to help; it s your own decision. . 10 Parking in this street is not allowed on weekdays at certain times. 233 ADVANCED LANGUAGE PRACTICE 6 Match the words from the box with the explanations. ambassador president delegate patriot chairperson ringleader sovereign terrorist traitor minister 1 This person may be the elected head of State..... 2 This person is responsible for a government department............................. 3 This person leads others to make trouble............................. 4 This person represents their country abroad............................. 5 This person loves their country............................ 6 This person represents others at a meeting or conference............................. 7 This person betrays their country............................ 8 This person may be the head of state by birth............................. 9 This person uses yiolence rather than the political system for pohtical ends. 10 This person is the head of a formal meeting. 7 Complete the spaces with a word which fits in all three sentences. 1 Channel 4 will, as ever, be the election as it happens. The Prime Minister was accused o f ........................a disastrous economic policy. Coverage of the sport is postponed....................... the sudden death of President Gonzales. 2 It remains to be seen whether Signor R iv a....................... a controlling interest in his business empire if he becomes Prime Minister. As legał executor in this matter, Mr Tomlinson........................the right to claim compensation costs. And its gold! M uller....................... the title which he won in Sydney. 3 Yesterday s poll shows a significant........................of public opinion away from the Democrats. Workmen came to remove the faulty....................... from the park. lVe only been here for two days, so I havent quite got back into th e ....................... of things yet. 4 T h e ........................to ban fox hunting was carried by a large majority. And now we’ll see the goal again in slow .......................... The constant swaying....................... of the ship made Jan feel sea sick. 5 You can rely on the Prime Minister to tak e........................of the situation. There was a long queue of people waiting to go through passport.......................... The police were accused of heavy-handed crowd........................tactics. 234
