The main protection is the surge vessel for protecting the pipeline, located downstream of the pump,
however, a surge vessel can also be installed upstream of the pump if cavitation occurs without
protection. This should be designed to protect the pump and ensure that no cavitation occurs in the
case of a pump trip.
1. In general using bladder surge vessels requires a lesser size of vessel as compared to an air over
water type.
2. In general, the preset pressure of the bladder inside the tank is between 0.1 and 0.5 bar, enough
to force the bladder to be fully opened
3. It is best to model the tank inline in HAMMER, this is to avoid having a short connecting pipe. This
is to avoid having short pipes that will result in having excessive length adjustment due to
wavelength during the simulation.
4. Additional protection may be required near the local high point of the surge protection vessel
near the pump is not sufficient.
such protections include the following
a. Air valves
b. Additional surge tank