Department of psychology
Theories of Personality
Assignment No: 1
Name: Maryam Mansha
Reg no: BSP221049
Date: 8 October, 2023
Semester: 4
Submitted to: Miss Iqra kiran
Non western approaches to personality :Non-Western approaches in the study of personality focus on understanding and explaining
human personality from cultural perspectives that differ from the traditional Western
frameworks. These approaches recognize that personality is shaped by cultural, social, and
contextual factors unique to non-Western societies. Here are some key aspects of non-Western
approaches in the study of personality.
Eastern philosophy:Eastern philosophy refers to the philosophical traditions and thought systems that have originated
in the Eastern parts of the world, primarily in Asia. These philosophical traditions have deep
historical roots and continue to influence various aspects of Eastern cultures, religions, and
worldviews. Here are some key features and components of Eastern philosophy:
Diversity of Traditions:
Eastern philosophy encompasses a wide range of philosophical traditions, each with its own
unique principles, beliefs, and practices. Some of the most well-known Eastern philosophical
traditions include Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, and Zen Buddhism.
Holistic Worldview:
Eastern philosophies often emphasize a holistic view of the world and human existence. They
emphasize the interconnectedness of all things, the importance of balance and harmony, and the
recognition that individual well-being is intertwined with the well-being of the larger universe.
Spirituality and Metaphysics:
Many Eastern philosophies incorporate spiritual and metaphysical elements into their
frameworks. Concepts such as karma, dharma, reincarnation, nirvana, and the Tao are central to
understanding the nature of reality and human existence.
African Philosophy :African philosophy encompasses a wide range of philosophical traditions, perspectives, and
worldviews that have emerged from the diverse cultures and societies of the African continent. It
is a dynamic and evolving field of thought that addresses fundamental questions about human
existence, ethics, knowledge, and the nature of reality. Here are some key aspects of African
philosophy:
Oral Tradition:
Much of African philosophy has been transmitted orally through storytelling, proverbs, rituals,
and communal discussions. It is deeply rooted in oral traditions that emphasize the importance of
collective wisdom and communal knowledge.
Ubuntu:
Ubuntu is a philosophical concept found in many African societies, particularly in Southern
Africa. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of humanity and the idea that one's humanity is tied
to the well-being of others. The phrase "I am because we are" encapsulates the essence of
Ubuntu.
Holism and Communitarianism:
African philosophy often emphasizes a holistic view of reality and the interconnectedness of all
aspects of life. It places a strong emphasis on community, communal values, and the welfare of
the group over individual interests.
Indigenous Psychologies:Indigenous psychologies refer to the diverse systems of understanding and explaining the human
mind, behavior, and mental processes that are rooted in the cultural and spiritual traditions of
indigenous or native communities around the world. These psychologies provide unique
perspectives on the human experience and offer alternative ways of comprehending and
addressing psychological phenomena. Here are some key aspects of indigenous psychologies:
1.Cultural Context:
Indigenous psychologies are deeply embedded in the cultural and historical contexts of specific
indigenous communities. They recognize the importance of culture in shaping human cognition,
emotions, and behaviors.
2.Holistic View:
Many indigenous psychologies adopt a holistic perspective, considering the interconnectedness
of the individual with the community, natural world, and spiritual dimensions. The mind and
spirit are often seen as inseparable.
3.Interdependence:
Indigenous psychologies often emphasize interdependence and collective well-being over
individualism. They highlight the role of relationships, reciprocity, and communal support in
mental health and well-being.
Islamic Psychology:Islamic psychology is a branch of psychology that is informed by Islamic principles, values,
and teachings. It explores the human mind, behavior, and mental processes within the
framework of Islamic beliefs and traditions. Here are some key aspects of Islamic
psychology:
Holistic View:
Islamic psychology takes a holistic view of the human being, considering the physical,
psychological, and spiritual dimensions as interconnected and interdependent. It emphasizes the
concept of the human soul (nafs) and its development.
Spirituality and Ethics:
Islamic psychology places a strong emphasis on spirituality and ethics in understanding human
behavior and mental well-being. Concepts such as taqwa (piety), akhlaq (virtue), and ikhlas
(sincerity) play a central role in ethical and moral development.
Self and Ego:
Islamic psychology acknowledges the existence of the ego (nafs) and differentiates between
various levels of the self, including the ego that commands evil (nafs ammara), the selfreproaching soul (nafs lawwama), and the tranquil soul (nafs mutma'inna). These concepts are
used to explain internal struggles and moral development.
REFRENCES :https://study.com/learn/lesson/theories-of-personality.html