HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
Topic: Chapter I – Pre-Immersion
Module Content:
Lesson 1: Understanding Work Immersion
Learning Competencies:
At the end of the chapter, you as the learner should be able to:
a. Understands work immersion by discussing expected behavior in a workplace; and
b. Appreciates the expected behavior in a workplace.
PRE-IMMERSION
(Chapter Discussion)
I. Class Activity
In your own point of view, discuss what a work immersion is.
II. Instruction on the Proper Use of this Module:
1. Follow closely the instructions in every activity.
2. Be honest in answering and checking your exercises.
3. Answer the pre-test before going over the materials. This is to find out what you already know.
4. Answer the exercises encountered at the end of every lesson.
5. Review the lesson that you think you failed to understand.
6. Seek assistance from your teachers if you need help.
III. Introduction:
Work immersion is one of the necessary subjects for graduating students. Wherein the senior
high school students must undergo practicum that relates to the students’ course. In this subject, you
as the students are able to learn and experience things about their courses since they are exposed to
the work-related environment to their field of specialization. Hence, it will be a great help to enhance
their competency level. They can also develop work ethics such as; good work habits, attitudes,
appreciation, and respect for work, applying all the theories and concepts that they’ve learned in
school, acquiring new skills and help to develop their communication skills and interpersonal skills
through the help and guidance of industry experts and workers. These will help every student to be
prepared to meet the needs and standards of employment.
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
LESSON 1. UNDERSTANDING WORK-IMMERSION
1. WHAT DO WE MEAN BY WORK IMMERSION?
The word “immersion” as it applies to the K to 12 curriculum is defined in the Department of
Education (DepEd) Order No. 40, series of 2015: “Work Immersion refers to the part of the Senior High
School (SHS) Curriculum consisting of 80 hours of hands-on experience or work simulation which the
Grades 11 and 12 students will undergo to expose them to the actual workplace setting and to enrich
the competencies provided by the school under the supervision of the School Head and the designated
personnel of the Partner.” Immersion is done outside the school campus in a “Workplace Immersion
Venue,” defined as “the place where work immersion of students is done. Examples of work immersion
venues include offices, factories, shops and project sites.” What could lead to confusion is that the word
“immersion” actually has two meanings in K to 12. The first meaning refers to a required SHS subject in
the curriculum. The second meaning refers not to a subject but to a preferred mode of delivery of
Tech-Voc subjects.
2. EXPECTED BEHAVIOUR
Every worker should possess good behaviour in their workplace to maintain a balanced and
harmonious work environment.
a. Work Ethics
By definition, Work ethic is a belief that work, hard work and diligence has a moral benefit and
an inherent ability, virtue or value to strengthen character. It is about prioritizing work and putting it in
the center of life. Social engrailment of this value is considered to enhance character through hard work
that is respective to an individual’s field of work.
A strong work ethic is vital for achieving goals. A work ethic is a set of moral principles a person
uses in their job. People who possess a strong work ethic embody certain principles that guide their
work behavior, leading them to produce high-quality work consistently and the output feeds the
individual to stay on track. A good work ethic fuels an individual’s needs and goals, it is related to the
initiative by a person for the objectives. It is considered as a source of self-respect, satisfaction, and
fulfillment. However, a negative work ethic is a behavior of a single individual or a group that has led to
a systematic lack of productivity, reliability, accountability and a growing sphere of
unprofessional/unhealthy relationships (e.g., power politics, lack of social skills, etc.)
b. Here are some factors of a good work ethics:
Goal-oriented actions: it is not about making plans or the next logical steps; it's about getting things
done so that the work invested wouldn't be counter-productive.
Dedicate on priority: focusing on qualitative activities that a person is capable of and where they can
make a difference or a high impact based on objectives.
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
Being available and reliable: spending time on the work and building oneself up for the task.
Conscientiousness: a desire to do a task well, being vigilant and organized.
Creating a rewarding routine/system: Engaging in tasks that provide strength and energy which can
be transferred to your ultimate goals, creating a habit and a habitat for success.
Embracing positivism: shape a problem with the statement "good, (action) (problem)", e.g. "I'm tired
and it is time for a workout" leads to "Good. Workout tired".
3. CAPITALIST VIEW
Steven Malanga refers to "what was once understood as the work ethic—not just hard work but
also a set of accompanying virtues, whose crucial role in the development and sustaining of free
markets too few now recall". Max Weber notes that this is not a philosophy of mere greed, but a
statement laden with moral language. It is in effect an ethical response to the natural desire for hedonic
reward, a statement of the value of delayed gratification to achieve self actualization. Franklin claims
that Bible readings revealed to him the usefulness of virtue. Indeed, this reflects the then Christian
search for ethics for living and the struggle to make a living.
Experimental studies have shown that people with fair work ethic are able to tolerate tedious
jobs with equitable monetary rewards and benefits, they are highly critical, have a tendency for
workaholics and a negative relation with leisure activity concepts. They valued meritocracy and
egalitarianism.
4. ANTI-CAPITALIST VIEW
The industrial engineer Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) revised the notion of work ethic
as a means of management control that delude workers about the actual reality for accumulated
advantage, which is a form of avarice.
Marxists, and some non-Marxist sociologists do not regard "work ethic" as a useful sociological
concept. They argue that having a "work ethic" in excess of management's control doesn't appear
rational in any mature industry where the employee can't rationally hope to become more than a
manager whose fate still depends on the owner's decisions.
NOTE: Since work ethics deals with a code of conduct, or a set of principles that is acceptable in the
workplace, we need to look at what some of those principles are.
A list of work ethics for an employer or a company might be:
● To provide a safe work environment for its staff and employees,
● To treat employees with dignity and respect,
● To provide a fair wage for the services rendered,
● To handle all business transactions with integrity and honesty.
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
A list of work ethics for the employee might include:
● To show up on time.
● To tend to company business for the whole time while at work.
● To treat the company’s resources, equipment, and products with care,
● To give respect to the company. That means honesty and integrity.
LESSON 2. SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE
Workplace safety is important. You know that implementing an effective safety program for your
workplace is one of the best decisions a company can make — both for its workers and for its bottom
line.
Here’s the Top 10 Workplace Safety Tips Every Employee and Employers Should Know to
create a workplace safety environment based on shared responsibility:
1. SAFETY PROGRAMS CREATE PRODUCTIVE WORK ENVIRONMENTS
Properly managed safety programs show commitment to safety by the management in turn
creating a great safety culture where everyone ‘wants’ to be safe.
2. ABSENTEEISM DROPS WHEN EFFECTIVE SAFETY PROGRAMS ARE INTRODUCED
Workers want to work in a safe environment; absenteeism drops when effective safety programs
are introduced.
3. WORK PREMISES ARE KEPT TO HIGHER STANDARDS
Work premises are kept to higher standards for safety, cleanliness, and housekeeping
4. A SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT PRODUCES HAPPIER EMPLOYEES
A safe work environment produces happier employees; everyone wants to go home safe each
day.
5. EMPLOYEE INSURANCE CLAIMS DECREASE IN SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENTS
Worker Compensation insurance claims decrease, in turn lowering WCB Rates. This is a benefit
to any company that has to pre-qualify to work; a lower rate gives you a better grade with your clients.
6. A COMPANY’S MOST VALUABLE ASSET IS PROTECTED — IT’S PEOPLE
7. SAFETY PROGRAMS ENABLE A COMPANY TO WIN AND RETAIN BUSINESS CUSTOMERS
8. SAFETY PROGRAMS CREATE AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS ARE
CONSIDERED, ENCOURAGED AND IMPLEMENTED
In turn, workers feel like they are part of the safety solution.
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
9. SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENTS ENHANCE THE BRAND VALUE AND GOODWILL FOR A
COMPANY
Enables a company to win and retain business customers. Clients want to work with companies
that are safe (less downtime due to incidents).
10. SAFETY REDUCES BUSINESS COSTS AND DISRUPTION
Reducing business costs creates productive work environments.
LESSON 3. WORKPLACE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
1. LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
The Labor Code of the Philippines governs employment practices and labor relations in the
Philippines. It also identifies the rules and standards regarding employment such as pre-employment
policies, labor conditions, wage rate, work hours, employee benefits, termination of employees, and so
on. Under the regime of the President [Ferdinand Marcos], it was promulgated on May 1. 1974 and took
effect November 1, 1974, six months after its promulgation.
2. PRE-EMPLOYMENT
Minimum employable age
The minimum age for employment is 18 years old and below that age is not allowed. Persons of
age 15 to 18 can be employed given that they work in non-hazardous environments.
Overseas employment
As for overseas employment of Filipinos, foreign employers are not allowed to directly hire
Philippine nationals except through board and entities authorized by the Secretary of Labor. Travel
agencies also cannot transact or help in any transactions for the employment or placement of Filipino
workers abroad. Once Filipinos have a job in a foreign country, they are required to remit or send a
portion of their income to their families, dependents, and/or beneficiaries in the Philippines.
Regulations and conditions on employment
Minimum wage rate
Minimum wage rates in the Philippines vary from region to region, with boards established for
each region to monitor economic activity and adjust minimum wages based on growth rates,
unemployment rates, and other factors. The minimum wage rate for Non-Agriculture employees, in the
Manila region, established under Wage Order No. NCR 15 is P404 per day, but in May 9, 2011, a (cost
of living allowance) of P22 per day was added to P404 wage, making the minimum wage P426. COLA
was also added to the previous P367 minimum wage for the following sectors: Agriculture, Private
Hospitals (with bed capacity of 100 or less), and manufacturing establishments (with less than 10
workers), leaving the sectors with P389 as minimum wage. The 426 combined rate is locally referred to
in the Philippines as "Manila Rate" due to this regional disparity.
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
Regular work hours and rest periods
Normal hours of work
The normal hours of work of any employee shall not exceed eight (8) hours a day. Health
personnel in cities and municipalities with a population of at least one million (1,000,000) or in hospitals
and clinics with a bed capacity of at least one hundred (100) shall hold regular office hours for eight (8)
hours a day, for five (5) days a week, exclusive of time for meals, except where the exigencies of the
service require that such personnel work for six (6) days or forty-eight (48) hours, in which case, they
shall be entitled to an additional compensation of at least thirty percent (30%) of their regular wage for
work on the sixth day.
For purposes of this Article, "health personnel" shall include resident physicians, nurses,
nutritionists, dietitians, pharmacists, social workers, laboratory technicians, paramedical technicians,
psychologists, midwives, attendants and all other hospital or clinic personnel.
Meal periods
Subject to such regulations as the Secretary of Labor may prescribe, it shall be the duty of every
employer to give his employees not less than sixty (60) minutes time-off for their regular meals.
Rest days
All employees have the right to have a 24 consecutive hours of rest day after every 6 days of
work. Employers are responsible for determining and scheduling the rest day of employees except only
if the employee prefers a different day based on religious grounds. However, the employer may require
an employee to work during his/her rest day in cases of emergencies, special circumstances at work in
which employees are seriously needed, to prevent losses or damage to any goods or to the employer,
and other cases that have reasonable grounds.
Nightshift differential and overtime
Employees are also given additional wages for working in night shifts. The night shift starts from
10 o’clock in the evening until 6 o’clock in the morning, and employees will receive 10% more of his/her
regular wage rate. Overtime work for employees (beyond 8 hours) are allowed and workers shall be
paid with his/her regular wage plus an additional 25% of the regular
wage per hour worked or 30% during holidays or rest days.
Household helpers
Household helpers, or maids, are common in the Philippines. Household helpers deliver services at the
employer’s home, attending to the employer’s instructions and convenience. The minimum wage of
household helpers is P800 per month for some cities in Metro Manila, while a lower wage is paid to
those outside of Metro Manila. However, most household helpers receive more than the minimum
wage; employers usually give wages ranging from P2, 500 and above per month. On top of that,
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
employers are required to provide food, sanitary lodging, and just treatment to the household helper.
3. POST- EMPLOYMENT
Termination by employer
The employer has the right to terminate an employee due to the following reasons: serious
misconduct or disobedience to the employer, neglect of duties or commission of a crime by the
employee, and such gives the employer a just case to terminate
the services of the employee.
Retirement
The retirement age for an employee depends on the employment contract. Upon retirement, the
retired employee should be given his/her benefits according to the agreement or contract between the
employer and the employee. However, if there is no existing retirement plan or agreement for the
employee, he/she may retire at the age of 60, given that he/she has served the employer for 5 years,
and shall be given a retirement pay of at least half a month’s salary for every year of service (6 months
of work given is considered as 1 whole year for the retirement pay).
Activity 1. Learning Task
Instruction: The following are some common problems encountered in an establishment. Go over these
scenarios and give your proposed solution to avoid such conflict at the workplace.
1. Mr. Angelo got fired from his position because he did not do his responsibilities. He always gives
his workloads to his co-workers. What is the reason why he was fired?
2. Jinie is a beautiful employee with very impressive credentials. However, Michael, her boss,
wants to court her even if he is already married. On the part of Jinie, what is the best answer to
decline the offer of Michael?
3. Mr. Lee together with his friends decided to come to a club on Friday night. However, they still
have work in a company. Thus, entering their workplace they already wear their party outfits. Is
it acceptable?
4. Your lunch break is 12 noon up to 1:00 PM. However, you are already starving to death because
you did not eat your breakfast. The time is 11:50 AM. What is the best thing to do?
5. Ms. Pik Pak Boom is assigned in the Front Office Department as a trainee. Her work is to
observe what the other officers are doing. She found out that Ms. Mha Goo Lou secretly kept a
Php 1,000 out of the cash box and placed it hurriedly in her pocket. What must Pik Pak Boom
do?
HOLY ANGEL SCHOOL OF CALOOCAN INC.
Hillcrest Village, Camarin Road, Caloocan City
6. Every morning, Ms. Kha Loo Kha sees and stares at herself in the mirror. She’s telling herself
that she is beautiful no matter how flawed she is and that she loves every part of her body. What
is the most practical reason why she’s doing that?
7. Ivy is a lover and a collector of G-Tech Ballpen. In her office, there are lots of G-Tech ballpens in
the storage room. Is she allowed to get those G-Tech ballpens? Why or why not?
Activity 2: Wrap-up
Complete the table by writing what you have learned, your reflection, and your action/s based on what
you have learned and realized.
LESSONS
1
2
3
What have you
learned?
Reflection on the
lesson read
Your action based on
what you have learned
and realized