AE CM411
A G RI C U L T U RA L
P RO J E C T
A P P RA I S A L
A ND
MA NAG E ME NT
P repa red by
Ms T. C. Mol el ekoa
MODULE OUTCOME
•
On completion of this module, you should be an efficient,
competent agricultural project manager, who understands project
appraisal and management, and can use the knowledge acquired
practically.
•
The skills you would have acquired should enable you to
contribute towards improvement of project appraisal and
management nationally.
•
You should also be able to function within a group for mutual
support, sustenance to your peers for professional growth and
development.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
•
Describe the understanding of the nature and characteristics of a
project.
•
Explain the nature and application of project management.
•
Discuss the roles, responsibilities and skills required by a project
manager.
•
Discuss the project management environment.
•
Apply the project triangle concepts and
•
Analyse project key stakeholders
•
Analyse and identify project objectives, costs, and benefits.
W H Y D O W E N E E D A G R I C U LT U R A L
P RO J E C T A P P R A I S A L A N D M A N A G E M E N T
•
A project needs to be well structured and running
smoothly.
•
All the challenges concerning the project can be stimulating
and enjoyable.
•
However, when a project is not well defined, conceived and
badly managed, it can become the worst nightmare which
will result in financial tragedies and ruin a promising
career.
P RO J E C T
•
An activity/task/event which makes use of resources to achieve a set of objectives within a
specified period of time frame (it is temporal) i.e. it has beginning and end.
•
An example of a project include building a greenhouse for agricultural school in 2019.
•
Characteristics of a Project
1.It is temporal
2.Has objective(s)
3.Make use of resources
4.Have a budget
5.Have a manager/project leader
6.Unique
7.Usually have stakeholders/beneficiaries.
K E Y S TA K E H O L D E R S I N M O S T P RO J E C T S
•
Project Manager- ensures day to day running of the
project.
•
Performing Organization- an institution undertaking or
owning a project.
•
Sponsors- who provide the project with funding.
•
Deliverables – final product or services a project intends
to create
•
Customers- clients, end users or beneficiaries.
P O RT F O L I O, P RO G R A M A N D P RO J E C T
THE TRIPLE
CONSTRAINT MODEL
•
The project management triangle
is a model in project management
that shows how the balance
between
three
constraints—
scope, time, and budget—affects
the quality of the project.
•
The triangle shows that affecting
one constraint will mean adjusting
one or both of the others in order
to maintain the quality.
T H E P RO J E C T T R I A N G L E : W H Y I T
M AT T E R S ?
•
It helps to see how changing one project constraint will affect other constraints.
If you change the scope of a product you’re hoping to launch, you know that either the
budget needs to increase, or the timeline needs to be extended (or both).
•
It can help mitigate risks. Say your project to launch a new piece of software has a
hard deadline, and you’re worried your engineers will fall behind. You can ask
stakeholders for a contingency budget just in case you need to hire another engineer
to help complete tasks.
•
It can clarify priorities in a project. Does your project have a hard deadline, a strict
budget, or very specific deliverable requirements? Knowing this can give you a better
idea of what a successful project will look like.
P RO J E C T M A N A G E M E N T
E N V I RO N M E N T
•
The Project Environment directly affects the
Project and how it should be managed. Projects
are not carried out in a vacuum; a wide range of
issues influences them: Economic Cycle,
Politics (both Internal and External), Rules and
Regulations
(Health
and
Safety),
new
technology, Competitors, Market requirements,
your own company's organizational structure,
Client/Sponsor's
requirements,
and
Stakeholders (all interested parties).
RO L E S O F A
P RO J E C T M A N A G E R
•
Controlling the project triangle
•
HRM
•
Planning
•
Conflict management
•
Monitor
•
Evaluate
•
Manage budget
P E R F O R M A N C E B A S E L I N E S T H AT N E E D
T O B E S E T B Y P RO J E C T M A N A G E R S
Technical Baseline Involves
monitoring of the tasks
displayed in the Work
Breakdown Structure
(WBS) to ensure that each
is satisfactorily completed. s
A Schedule Baseline is
a copy of a project
schedule that enables to
make a comparison
between the planned
and the actual status of
a project.
Cost Baseline Normally
you will use a
spreadsheet showing
the budget amounts for
each task, enter the
actual cost when it is
determined, and
monitor the variance, if
any.
P RO J E C T
MANAGEMENT
P RO C E S S E S
Initiating process: recognizing that a
project or phase should begin and
committing to do so.
Planning processes: devising and
maintaining a workable scheme to
accomplish the business need that was
undertaken to address the problem.
Executing processes: coordinating
people and other resources to carry out
the plan.
Controlling processes: ensuring that
monitoring and measuring progress,
and taking corrective action when
necessary to meet project objectives.
Closing
processes:
formalizing
acceptance of the project or phase and
bringing it to an orderly end.
P RO J E C T C O S T S
AND BENEFITS
•
Project Cost - anything that
reduces project objective
•
Project Benefit- anything
that reduces project objective
ASSIGNMENT 1: DUE NEXT WEEK
•
Explain the difference between a project and a programme, provide relevant examples of
agricultural project and programme in South Africa with reasons for being classified as
either project/programme.
[12]
•
Using your own choice of an AGRICULTURAL PROJECT, perform the following:
1.
Describe the nature of the chosen project
[4]
2.
Explain how this chosen project was identified
[4]
3.
Compile the project costs and benefits for this chosen project.
[10]
•
Discuss the internal and external factors that will affect management of a project. [15]