Lesson 2:
Concepts,
Aspects and
Changes of
Culture and
Society
Learning Station
Activity:
Station 1:
Anthropology
Directions: Based on the
previous discussion,
kindly recall ideas
related to anthropology,
sociology, and political
science.
Station 2:
Sociology
Station 3: Political
Science
Content Standard
Performance
Standard
Culture and society
as anthropological
Appreciate the nature of
and sociological
culture and society from the
perspectives of anthropology
concepts
and sociology
Competency
Analyze the
concept, aspects
and changes
in/of culture and
society
Activity:
#SITUATIONANALYSIS
DIRECTION:
•
•
Culture is
ELEADRN
•
Culture is
SLOACI
•
Culture is
VYATREI
•
Culture is
SDHEAR
•
Culture is
GRAGINTIF
Y
•
Culture is
COUSNTIUN
O
•
Culture is
TRNASMIED
1. How are the words in your
activity connected to the
study of culture and society?
2. Can culture and society be
completed without these
things? Why?
3. How do you define the
terms ' culture' and 'society’?
4. Can a society function
without culture, or can a
culture exist without society?
Why?
01
Culture and
Cultural
Change
As defined by the Center for Advance Research on
Language Acquisition (2017), the word "culture" derives
from a French term, derived from the Latin "colere,“
which means to tend to the earth and grow, or
cultivation and nurture. It shares its etymology with
several other words related to actively fostering growth.
Culture is a term that refers to a large and
diverse set of mostly intangible aspects
of social life.
According to sociologists, culture consists of the
values, beliefs, systems of language,
communication, and practices that people share
and that can be used to define them as a
collective. Culture also includes the material
objects that are common to that group or
society.
On the other hand, cultural change is the
modification or discontinuance of existing
‘tried’ and ‘tested’ procedures transmitted
to us from the culture of the past, as well
as the introduction of new procedures
(Dressler and Carns, 1973).
Characteristics of Culture
Culture is…
social
varied
learned
transmitted
gratifying
shared
continous
CULTURE is SOCIAL
because it is the product
of behavior.
Culture does not exist in
isolation. It is a product of
society. It develops through
social interaction. No man can
acquire culture without
association with others.
CULTURE VARIES
from society to society
Every society has a culture of its
own that differs from other
societies. The culture of every
society is unique by itself.
Cultures are not uniform. Cultural
elements like customs, traditions,
morals, values and beliefs are not
constant.
CULTURE is
SHARED
Culture is not something that
an individual alone can
possess. Culture, in
sociological sense, is shared.
For example, people of a
society share all customs,
traditions, beliefs, ideas,
values, morals, etc.
CULTURE is
LEARNED
Culture is not inborn. It is
learned. Unlearned behavior
then, is not culture. Shaking
hands, saying thanks, etc. Are
cultural behaviors. Not all
behaviors are learned, but
most of these can be.
CULTURE is
TRANSMITTED among
members of society
Cultural ways are learned by
people from others. Many of
these ways are handed down
from elders, parents, teachers,
and
others
(most
likely
individuals of older generation),
while other cultural behaviors
are handed up to elders.
CULTURE is
TRANSMITTED among
members of society
Transmission of culture is
made possible by language.
Language is the main
vehicle
of
culture.
Transmission of culture may
take place also through
imitation as well as through
CULTURE is
CONTINUOUS and
cumulative.
Culture exists as a continuous
process. In its historical growth, it
tends to become cumulative. Ralph
Linton called culture 'the social
heritage' of man. No culture ever
remains constant or permanent. It is
subject to slow but constant
variation.
Likewise,
culture
is
responsive
to
the
changing
CULTURE is
GRATIFYING and
idealistic.
Culture
provides
proper
opportunities for the satisfaction of
our needs and desires. Our needs,
both biological and social, are
fulfilled in cultural ways. Culture
consists of the intellectual, artistic,
and social ideals, and institutions
where members of the society
profess and strive to confirm.
Video Analysis: (The Most Amazing
Cultures around the world)
Guide questions:
1. What elements of culture were presented from
the video?
2. What makes culture different from one
another?
3. Identify one practice from the cultures
presented and compare it to Filipino culture.
Elements of Culture
1. Symbols refers to anything that is used to
stand for something else. It is anything that
gives meaning to the culture. People who share
a culture often attach a specific meaning to an
object, gesture, sound, or image
Example: Feasts
Elements of Culture
2. Language is known as the storehouse of
culture ( Arcinas, 2016). It system
of words and symbols used to communicate
with other people. We have a lot
of dialects in the Philippines that provide a
means of understanding.
Elements of Culture
3. Technology refers to the application of
knowledge and equipment to ease the task of
living and maintaining the environment; it
includes artifacts, methods and devices created
and used by people (Arcinas, 2016).
Elements of Culture
4. Values are culturally defined standards for
what is good or desirable. Values determine
how individuals will probably respond in any
given circumstances
Elements of Culture
5. Beliefs refers to the faith of an individual (
David and Macaraeg, 2010). They are
conceptions or ideas of people have about what
is true in the environment around them like
what is life, how to value it and how one’s belied
on the value of life relate with his or her
interaction with others and
the world.
Elements of Culture
6. Norms are specific rules/standards to guide for
appropriate behavior (Arcinas, 2016). These are
societal expectations that mandate specific
behaviors in specific situations (David and
Macaraeg, 2010).
Types:
a. Proscriptive norm defines and tells us things
not to do
b. Prescriptive norm defines and tells us things to
Elements of Culture
6. Norms
Forms:
a. Folkways are also known as customs
(customary/repetitive ways of doing things);
b. Mores are strict norms that control moral and
ethical behavior;they are based on definitions of right
and wrong
c. Laws are controlled ethics and they are morally
agreed, written down and enforced by an official law
enforcement agency.
1. How are society and culture
interlinked with one another?
2. Why is culture important in our
society?
3. How does our culture play a role in
our functions in the society?
Importance/Functions of Culture
Sociologists recognize and regard culture as
one of the most important concepts within
sociology because it plays a vital role in our
social lives. It is essential for shaping social
relationships, maintaining and challenging social
order, determining how we make sense of the
world and our place in it, and in shaping our
everyday actions and experiences in society.
WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?
The Topic was
about _______
It Matters because
_________
I've Learned today
that ______
Essay: (5 pts)
1. Explain how you can show that you are
proud of your own culture and what you
can do to help preserve tangible and
intangible Filipino culture.
_________________________________________
Activity (Asynchronous): Generation Gap
Cultural differences are often expressed in the
“generation gap”. List 10 the things that you and
your parents share and believe together
(religion, education, and family values) as well
as those you disagree with (music, clothing, love
and relationships
Cultural similarities between
parents and children
Cultural differences between
parents and children
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
5.
5.
6.
6.
7.
7.
8.
8.
9.
9.
10.
10.
Questions:
1. Why do you think that there are
cultural similarities and differences
between parents and children?
2. How will you explain these
differences based on the lesson?
02
Society and
societal change
Thought Experiment:
1. Suppose you have a bad
stomach and you are desperate to
use a comfort room. Unfortunately,
the only available comfort room is
for the opposite sex. But there are
no people around to see you. What
will you do?
Meaning and Nature of Society
The term “Society” came from the Latin word Societas
which in term derived from the noun Socius. like comrade,
friend or ally that it is used to describe a bond or
interaction between parties that are friendly.
The term “Society” is used to describe a level of
organization of group that is relatively self-contained.
Two definition of society
1. FUNCTIONAL DEFINITION
Define as a complex groups in reciprocal
relationships, interacting upon one another,
enabling human organisms to carry
2. STRUCTURAL DEFINITION
The total social heritage of folkways, and
institutions of habits, sentiments and ideals.
The following are reasons people live together as a
society (Ariola, 2012)
a. For survival
c.
Specializatio
n
b. Feeling of
gregariousness
Characteristics of a Society
1. It is a social system
2. It is relatively large.
3. It socializes its members and from those from
without
4. It endures, produces and sustains its members for
generations
5. It holds its members through a common culture.
6. It has clearly-defined geographical territory
Major Functions of Society
1. It provides a system of socialization.
2. It provides the basic needs of its members
3. It regulates and controls people’s behavior.
4. It provides the means of social participation
5. It provides mutual support to the members.
Dissolution of a Society
There are several ways by which a society is
dissolved:
(1) when the people kill each other through
civil revolution;
(2) when an outside force exterminates the
members of the society;
(3) when the members become apathetic
among themselves or have no more sense of
belongingness;
Dissolution of a Society
(4) when a small society is absorbed by a
stronger and larger society by means of
conquest or territorial absorption;
(5) When an existing society is submerged in
water killing all the people and other living
things in it; or
(6) when the people living in such a society
voluntarily attach themselves to another
existing society.
Performance Task:
Illustrative collage crafting
Create your own illustrative collage that depicts
the concept of culture and society. Focus on the
theme.
Rubric
Content Relevance – 10 pts
Creativity – 10 pts.
Theme: Culture and Society as a
Complex Whole
1. THOUGHTS THAT
YOU HAVE LEARNED
TODAY
2. THINGS THAT YOU
WANT TO REMEMBER
Lets Sum Up!
3. QUESTIONS YOU
STILL HAVE IN MIND