BSc (Hons) Business Management
BMP4006
People and Performance
Assessment 1
Case Study: Crystal Travel
Semester 2
0
Contents
Introduction
2
What tools and techniques will help improve
organisational performance?
2
The role of employee wellbeing in improving motivation
and performance
4
References
6
Appendix: PESTLE Analysis of Crystal Travel
7
1
Introduction
Performance management is the process of creating a motivating workplace where
managers and employees are expected to continuously evaluate their performance
and collaborate to achieve the organization's common goals. It is common
knowledge that a business must utilise performance management since it enables it
to develop competent and productive employees. If a company doesn't implement a
performance management system, its workers will lose interest in their jobs and
become aimless. For contemporary firms, performance management is an essential
activity. It aids businesses in achieving success and maintaining an advantage over
rivals. To enhance the performance of the organisation both at the individual and
corporate levels, performance management entails monitoring, reporting, and
controlling its development.
What tools and techniques will help improve
organisational performance?
Performance management and technologies are readily accessible to aid firms in
keeping tabs on their development. These technologies help the company's
employees and make work easier for everyone. These instruments for managing
performance include Performance Evaluations, Complete Feedback, Key
Performance Indicators, Plans for Individual Development and Programs for
Reward and Recognition. Each of these instruments has advantages,
characteristics, requirements, and drawbacks. Depending on their demands and
potential for expansion, the business must select which tools are best (Chapman,
2011).
PerformanceEvaluations
When utilised properly, the tool is recognised to be effective at fusing an individual's
ambitions with the shared objectives of the company. Employees must ensure that
the assessment process is honest and fair and that there is constructive two-way
communication to achieve the proper amount of output from this instrument. If these
considerations are overlooked, performance may suffer and assessments may serve
to demotivate the group. Additionally, evaluations aid in identifying those who are not
meeting expectations and those who are in an inappropriate position.
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CompleteFeedback
In most cases, this instrument is used for internal or external personnel evaluation
and appraisal. This tool's primary task is to respond to the question, "How well are
their staff performing?" It gives each employee in the organisation a thorough
evaluation of their performance based on the opinions of their coworkers. These
individuals consist of their bosses, colleagues, coworkers, clients, customers, and so
on. Since the information in the reports or the outcomes is always private, the
employees often receive it from their superiors. When this technology is used
correctly and efficiently, the review process is made simpler since it takes into
account other viewpoints in addition to those of the employee's management.
Key Performance Indicators
KPI is an excellent performance management tool that offers several ways to assess
how effectively a company, its departments, projects, or individual individuals are
functioning to achieve the aims and objectives of the business. It is an instance of
HR software. KPI is further utilised to facilitate in-depth, data-driven performance
dialogues. Additionally, they support the company in making wiser judgments.
Plans for Individual Development
A personal development plan is a skillfully and effectively created action plan that is
based on needs, goals, and understanding of the activities that will promote both
personal and organisational growth. PDPs are frequently used to pinpoint various
training and development requirements. A PDP develops an action plan to meet
these needs. It assists people in deciding how they want to develop and figuring out
how to reach their objectives. As a result, enthusiasm in the business increases, and
people perform better. Different tools, like a PDP, serve as an integral element of the
organisation to assure the excellent performance of the latter.
Programs for Reward and Recognition
Always express gratitude and offer rewards for exceptional work. Employee
demotivation causes people to veer from the general goals of the company when
they believe that their efforts and performance are not appreciated and rewarded.
Rewards and recognition initiatives are a crucial component of any organization's
overall performance management system, thus they should be included in every
business. Many large firms view reward and recognition initiatives as a means of
dispersing monetary incentives and rewards like bonuses and raise. However, there
are occasions when merely praising a team member for their efforts is crucial to
keeping everyone happy.
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The role of employee wellbeing in improving motivation
and performance
One of the biggest issues that organisational administration has to deal with is
employee job performance. Because of this, there is a lot of pressure on the staff to
work hard and more effectively. Employees are a source for gaining a competitive
edge in any business since they help the company. The effectiveness and viability of
a company are, in a nutshell, determined by the productivity and performance of its
employees. Employee performance is crucial to an organization's productivity and
growth, as a result (Inuwa, 2016). Moreover, understanding organisational success
is largely influenced by issues with personnel performance. The efficiency and
effectiveness of a company can only be assessed by looking at the performance of
its employees, even though a lot of variables affect it.
Employee physical and mental health are also included in the term "employee wellbeing." It is attempting to improve the health of those staff members who have
medical conditions rather than dismissing them. Taking care of each person's health,
happiness, and work satisfaction is essential for employee wellbeing. The wellbeing
of people at work is a growing concern in today's corporate world. Generally
speaking, increasing employee health in terms of workplace safety is considered to
be boosting employee well-being.
Employee productivity is essential to an organization's success since it helps the
latter to grow and succeed.
As a result, businesses must create regulations that might increase employee
productivity. A worker's talent, chance, and mix of efforts determine how well they
accomplish their job. After reading this explanation, it is possible to define
performance as "a record of results obtained for a specific period. Consequently, the
researcher suggested an operational definition of performance for this study, which
involves hitting goals for the tasks that were given to you within a set amount of time.
Performance includes both the analysis and decision process as well as individual
acts.
Employee performance also discusses how specific activities, results, and behaviors
are displayed by certain people to meet corporate goals.
Organizations prefer to accomplish organisational objectives to gain a competitive
edge by demanding greater performance from their personnel. According to the
business lexicon, an employee's perceived activities related to his work and how
these actions are carried out are referred to as performance. The success of the
organisation is also influenced by staff performance. Employees plan strategies to
achieve goals while striving for specific results. An organization's or person's
performance is largely influenced by the structure, procedures, and regulations of the
organisation (Dahkoul, 2018).
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Stein and Höper (2020) examined psychological resource theories as well as
highlighting and reviewing unifying or common aspects in their investigation. Among
these theories are the notions of cognitive assessment and an orientation toward
success and goal attainment. According to the Conservation Resource Theory,
humans have the propensity to acquire, safeguard, and hold onto resources. This
theory is extremely pertinent to our research. Additionally, it shows that tension
among employees is brought on by the inability to get resources while making
substantial investments in resources (Stein & Höper, 2020). This theory is distinct
because it places a focus on identifying strategies that enable effective change
adaptation even in the face of uncertainty or losses. Regarding the workplace
environment, the conservation resource theory identifies motivation as a crucial
factor in the organization's decision-making process, regarding the acquisition,
sustenance, and fostering of the employees' resources which are used to meet the
existing work demands as well as to protect the depletion of organisational
resources.
Achieving success and achieving human welfare in the form of coping, wellbeing,
and adaptability is made possible by a person's capacity to recognize, acquire, and
sustain organisational resources. Researchers and academics have paid very little
attention to the creation of theory-based models that address the psychological
experiences that employees have throughout organisational transformation. To
achieve this, the study will look at how key psychological climate dimensions relate
to employee ratings and levels of adjustment during a deliberate organisational
change. The primary goal of the present study is to examine the effects of the
psychological environment, psychological ownership, and self-efficacy on employee
performance. In addition, the study aimed to investigate the effects of the
psychological environment, psychological ownership, and self-efficacy on the
wellbeing of employees. Determining the mediating role was the study's final goal.
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References
Chapman R., (2011) Simple tools and techniques for enterprise risk management.
Second edition.
Dahkoul, Z. M. (2018). The Impact of Performance Evaluation on Employee
Performance, Moderating Role of Organizational Standards. European Journal of
Business and Management, European Journal of Business and Management.
Inuwa, M. (2016). Job satisfaction and employee performance: An empirical
approach. The Millennium University Journal
Stein, M., & Höper, S. (2020). Transformational Leadership and Emotional
Exhaustion: A Conservation of Resources Perspective. Paper presented at the
Academy of Management Proceedings
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Appendix: PESTLE Analysis of Crystal Travel
In a PESTLE analysis, the major external elements (Political, Economic,
Sociological,
Technological,
Legal,
and
Environmental)
that
affect
an
organisation are examined. It may be applied in a variety of situations and help
senior managers and people professionals make strategic decisions.
Political
Politics frequently receives a lot of attention because it has an impact on business.
Government policy has a variety of potential effects on business. Each company
must abide by the law. Future legislation's potential impact on managers' operations
must be considered. The political climate has a variety of effects on commercial
enterprises. It can increase the risk factor and result in a big loss. You should be
aware that political forces might influence outcomes. Local to federal government
policies may also be impacted by it. Businesses should be prepared to deal with the
local and global effects of politics. A political aspect may be the raising or lowering of
taxes, for instance. The tax burden imposed by your government may be higher for
certain businesses and lower for others. Your companies will immediately be
impacted by the ruling. Thus, you must always keep informed about such political
variables. Governmental actions, such as changes in interest rates, may have an
impact on a company's demand patterns.
Economic
Incomes are increasing everywhere in the world. People might make more money as
the global economy expands. Many people throughout the world have more money
to spend than ever before since living costs aren't rising nearly as swiftly. As a result,
more people can travel, which has increased the use of electronic products (which
are also becoming more accessible due to decreased product costs). This is
unquestionably advantageous for the travel and tourism sector. The economic trend
known as the "sharing economy" is one in which people transact directly with one
another for products and services while using intermediary services like Uber and
Airbnb. The sharing economy's growth is altering how we travel, as you may have
seen from those two instances. The sharing economy is making travel more
accessible, but it is also hurting some of the corporate travel service providers.
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Services like Uber provide tourists with a dependable way to get rides around the
globe, and Airbnb provides a less expensive alternative to traditional travel lodging
(primarily hotels and hostels).
Sociocultural
There is no denying that traveling is in. People now have a consistent online
presence thanks to the growth of social media, and they want to use it to make an
impression. People are traveling when they may otherwise stay at home because of
how popular travel is in society. This movement is good for the tourist sector, but if
society stops using social media, it may not see long-term growth. The acceptance
of different races is another favorable sociocultural feature for the tourist sector.
People all throughout the world are becoming more welcoming of people of different
racial and religious backgrounds. Because travelers aren't concerned about being
singled out or targeted because of their skin tone, religion, or any other personal
characteristics they may possess, travelling is made much more comfortable.
Technological
The advancement of transportation is one of the most significant technological
aspects impacting the tourist sector. With the invention of aircraft, travellers not only
have more transportation alternatives than ever before, but they are also more
affordable (and swifter!) than before. Additionally more comfortable than before,
buses, trains, and airplanes now include modern conveniences like WiFi or charging
outlets.
Environmental
The pollution produced by modes of transportation including buses, trains, and —
more so than others — aircraft is perhaps the major environmental element
impacting the tourist sector. The more often various forms of transportation are
employed, the more of an influence they have on the environment. All three lead to
the production of significant quantities of pollutants (such as carbon dioxide), which
fuel global warming and other environmental issues. Tourism can result in local
pollution in addition to global pollution. Tourists can behave less kindly toward a
destination than they do toward their community, which leads to littering and/or
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contamination. This is a regrettable byproduct of the tourism sector, whether it be the
disposal of bottles in rural areas or the use of ordinary shampoo in lakes.
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