CUSTOMER MATIX FERTILISERS AND CHEMICALS LIMITED PLANT LOCATION WEST BENGAL - INDIA JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. PROJECT / UNIT 3850 MTPD UREA PLANT INDIA 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 1 of 14 0 1 2 POWER CABLE SIZING CRITERIA 2 1 DE ISSUED FOR FINAL A.Sandhiya K. Ramanujam N.S.Prasanna 13.07.2011 DE ISSUED FOR APPROVAL S.Venkat K. Ramanujam N.S.Prasanna 25.01.2011 0 DE ISSUED FOR COMMENTS Rev. Description R.Naga Sundar K. Ramanujam N.S.Prasanna 12.11.2010 Prepared Checked Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. Approved Date JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 2 of 14 0 1 2 INDEX 1. SCOPE 3 2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 3 2.1. 3 3. 4. 5. Codes and Standards BASIC CRITERIA 3 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4 4 7 8 9 Continuous current-carrying capacity Voltage drop Protection against thermal withstand of short circuit current Fault clearing time EXAMPLE OF M.V. CABLE SIZING CALCULATION 9 4.1. 9 HP Ammonia Pump (10-MP-101A – 2850kW) EXAMPLE OF L.V. CABLE SIZING CALCULATION 5.1. 5.2. Urea Melt Pump (10-MP-108A – 160kW) Breaker operated motor feeder. Main Seal Water pump (10-MP-143A – 55kW) Switch fuse unit operated motor feeder Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. 11 11 12 JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 3 of 1. 14 0 1 2 SCOPE The purpose of this document is to give basic criteria for sizing of MV & LV cables to be used for the MATIX Fertilizer Project - 3850 MTPD UREA PLANT at West Bengal, India. 2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 2.1. Codes and Standards • IS 1255- Code of Practice for Installation and Maintenance of Power Cables upto and including 33kV Rating • IS 7098- Code of Practice for cross linked Polyethylene Insulated PVC Sheathed Cables • IEC 60502- Power Cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV to 30kV • IEC 60364-5-52 –Electrical Installations on Buildings- Selection and Erection of electrical equipments-Wiring System. • IEC 60364-4-43- Electrical Installations on Buildings-Protection for SafetyProtection against over current. • IEC 60287- Electrical cables-Calculation of current rating • Indian Electricity Rules 1956 Contractor Specifications: • 10-EA-E-41000- Electrical Design Guide Line 3. BASIC CRITERIA The cables are sized to meet the following electric and thermal conditions: - Maximum Continuous load current. - Continuous current-carrying capacity. - Voltage drops under steady state and Transient state conditions. - Dissipation of heat from the conductors during short circuit condition. - Derating factors. The sizing takes into account cables insulated XLPE based upon a conductor continuous rating temperature of 90°C and a final conductor temperature at the end of a short circuit as 250°C. Besides, the sizing takes into account the environmental condition of installation. In this project the cable routing shall take place almost in air through above head cable trays. Here after all derating factors shall be listed to define the currentcarrying capacity considering the cables installed in air with the ambient air temperature of 50°C. Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 4 of 3.1. 14 0 1 2 Continuous current-carrying capacity The continuous current rating capacity and the derating factors of the cables are taken from the CCI (Cable Corporation of India) cable manufacturer data which is an approved manufacturer for MATIX project. KT “Temperature factor” Is a rating factor to allow for a different ambient temperature from the one at which the ampacities are given. The cable manufacturer provided the current rating in their catalogue for an ambient temperature of 40˚C. The suitable rating factor needs to be applied for other than 40˚C as per the table-1 given below from the approved CCI cable manufacturer, Table 1 – Rating Factors for variation in Air Temperature Air 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 temperature ˚C Rating Factor for cond temp of 90˚C 1.18 1.14 1.10 1.05 1.0 0.95 0.89 55 60 0.84 0.78 Hence for cables in air, irrespective of the method of installation for an ambient temperature of 50°C the derating factor(KT)shall be 0.89. KPN “Grouping of cables factor” Is a rating factor to allow for more than one working cable laid into the same common routing and referred to “N” working cables. The suitable derating factor shall be applied to derive the current rating at different grouping of cables as per the table-2, 3 (Source: CCI Cable Catalogue) and table 4 (Source: IEC 60364-5-52) listed below. Table 2 - Rating Factors for multi core cables laid on open rack in air touching each other No of cables per rack No of racks 1 2 3 6 9 2 1.00 0.80 0.76 0.71 0.69 3 1.00 0.78 0.74 0.70 0.68 6 1.00 0.76 0.72 0.68 0.66 Table 3 - Rating Factors for multi core cables laid on open rack in air with ‘D’ (One dia of Cable) spacing Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 5 of 14 0 1 2 No of cables per rack No of racks 1 2 3 6 9 2 1.00 0.95 0.93 0.90 0.89 3 1.00 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.88 6 1.00 0.93 0.90 0.87 0.86 Table 4 - Rating Factors for single core cables in trefoil circuits laid on open rack in air with 2D spacing No of cables per rack No of racks 1 2 3 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 2 0.97 0.95 0.93 3 0.96 0.94 0.9 Hence for Multi core LV cables considering cables laid in 3 tiers, 9 cables per tier in touching each other formation, the derating factor (KPN) shall be 0.68 Multi core MV cables considering cables laid in 3 tiers, 9 cables per tier with one ‘D’ (diameter of the cable) spacing, the derating factor (KPN) shall be 0.88 Single core LV & MV cable considering cables laid in 3 tiers, 3 circuits per tier in trefoil formation with 2D spacing the derating factor shall be (KPN) shall be 0.90 (From Table A.52.21 of IEC 60364-5-52, 2001) As explained in basic criteria that the cable routing is only in air, the derating factor for the cable routed in ground is not discussed in this specification. KR “Thermal resistivity of soil factor” Is a rating factor to allow for variation in thermal resistivity of soil from the one at which the ampacities are given. To be used only for buried cables. As explained in basic criteria that the cable routing is only in air, the involvement of thermal soil resistivity of cable is void. Hence the derating factor (KR) is not discussed in this specification. KL “Laying depth factor” Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 6 of 14 0 1 2 Is a rating factor to allow for variation in laying depth from the one at which the ampacities are given. To be used only for cable installed direct in the ground. As explained in basic criteria that the cable routing is only in air, the derating factor (KL) is not discussed in this specification. KUN “General Derating factor” Is the general maximum derating factor permitted for each cable laid in group. The general maximum derating factor (KUn) permitted is the correction factor which shall be used to determine the continuous current carrying capacity of the cable (Iz) and it’s calculated as: KUn= KT⋅ KL⋅ KR⋅ KPN. Note that So the standard rated current InC, used for cable sizing, is suitably derated taking into account the temperature factor (KT), thermal resistivity of soil factor (KR), laying depth factor (KL) and Grouping of cables factor (K PN) Here in this project the as the cable routing shall be in air through cable trays, the “Laying depth factor (KL)” and Thermal Resistivity Factor (KUN)” shall not be considered. In this way, the general derating factor KUn shall be calculated as : KUn= (K PN) x (KT) Hence for MV cables installation, Multi core cable installed in air the derating factor is, KUn = 0.88 x 0.89 = 0.78 Single core cable installed in air the derating factor is, KUn = 0.9 x 0.89 = 0.80 LV cables installation, Multi core cable installed in air the derating factor is, KUn = 0.68 x 0.89 = 0.61 Single core cable installed in air the derating factor is, KUn = 0.90 x 0.89 = 0.80 As per Company requirements the minimum conductor sizes for cables shall be as follows: 1.1 kV cables: • 2.5 mm2 for power and current transformer circuits Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 7 of 14 0 1 2 • 1.5 mm2 for control and indication voltage transformer circuits and lighting equipments In this way, even if the sizing of power cables requires a calculated cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm2, the selected cable shall be 2.5 mm2 to comply with the above requirement. 3.2. Voltage drop The voltage drop, as a percentage of system nominal line to line voltage, will be confined within the following values. Power and lighting distribution: 3.2.1. Feeder to local power distribution panel Feeder to local lighting distribution panel Lighting branch circuits 2% 2% 3% Motor terminals: at full load operation during the starting period 4% 15% Voltage drop under running or steady state condition The voltage drop under running or steady state condition is verified with the following formula. Vd% = Ib ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n Where: Vd% Ib Lc Rc Xc K = = = = = = Cosφ Vn n = = = Percentage voltage drop at running or steady state conditions (V) Rated current at full load at running or steady state conditions (A) Cable length (km) Resistance of cable conductor (Ohm/km) Reactance of cable conductor (Ohm/km) Coefficient determined by the kind of system. I.e. 3 in case of three-phase system and 2 in case of single-phase system Power factor of the load at running or steady state conditions Nominal voltage (V) No of cable runs In this sizing Rc, Xc values for electric cables are from CCI cable manufacturer data. Group Derating Factors for Cables have been taken from para 3.1 of this specification. Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 8 of 14 0 1 2 The motor starting current / full load current ratio have been considered as per design guideline SPC 10-EA-E-41000-rev.2.The cable lengths are estimated considering plot plan drawings. 3.2.2. Voltage drop under motor starting conditions The voltage drop for three-phase motors under starting condition is verified with the formula: Vd,st % = Ibst ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ st ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ st )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n Where: Vd,st% Ibst Lc Rc Xc K Cosφst Vn n 3.3. = = = = = = = = = Percentage voltage drop at motor starting time (V) Motor current at starting time (A) Cable length (km) Resistance of cable conductor (Ohm/km) Reactance of cable conductor (Ohm/km) Coefficient determined by the kind of system. (I.e. 3 ) Power factor at motor starting time Nominal voltage (V) No of cable runs Protection against thermal withstand of short circuit current Protective devices shall be provided to break any short-circuit current flowing in the conductors before such a current could cause a danger due to thermal and mechanical effects produced in the conductors and connections. The cables shall have a minimum section, so that it will be able to support, without being damaged all thermal stress derived from short-circuit current for all duration time, to be identified as intervention time of the protection device. According to IEC 60364-4-43 the cable sizing shall satisfy the following condition, valid for short circuit. K2 S2 ≥ I2 t Whereas, K = coefficient depending on the electrical and thermal characteristics of the cables, beginning and final temperature. According to IEC 60364-4-43: K = 143 for XLPE insulated copper cables; = 94 for XLPE insulated Aluminium cables S = cross-sectional area in square millimeters. = effective short-circuit current in A expressed as r.m.s. value. I Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 9 of t 14 0 1 2 = duration in seconds of the short circuit depending of protective device that shall be provided to break the short circuit current flowing in the circuit (tripping time) For the circuit breakers, the minimum admissible cross-sectional area of the cable expressed in mm2 is sized as follow: I t S2 ≥ I2 t / K2 hence: S ≥ K 3.4 Fault clearing time For the calculation of the minimum cross-sectional area of the conductor, fault clearing time has been considered as follows 6.6 kV cables feeding 6.6/0.415kV transformers( TML-11A/1B) from SWGR 10-01SBM-1 6.6 kV cables feeding motor feeders from SWGR 1001SBM-1 415V cables feeding motor feeders from switchgear 1001SBL-1 A/B, 2A/B 4. 0.25sec 0.25sec 0.2Sec EXAMPLE OF M.V. CABLE SIZING CALCULATION For M.V. cable it is necessary to size first the minimum cross-sectional area complying with the short-circuit level in the MV switchgear. After that, the compliance with maximum allowable voltage drop shall be verified. 4.1. HP Ammonia Pump (10-MP-101A – 2850kW) Calculation of the minimum cross-sectional area of the conductor The Short-circuit current at 10-01SBM-1 switchgear is: 40 kA Max. Tripping time of the protection device: 0.25 s I∗ t S≥ = 40000 ∗ 0.2 5 / 94 = 212.766 mm2 for Aluminium cable K Minimum section of Cable considered is 240mm2. Aluminium Cable Calculation of the current-carrying capacity of the conductor Taking into account that cables are laid directly in above head cable trays Rated power of the motor: Rated current (Ib): Starting current ratio (Ibst/Ib) Motor current at starting time (Ibst) 2850 kW 281.01 A 4.5 1264.54 A Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 10 of 14 0 1 2 Efficiency at running condition (η) 0.954 Power factor at running condition (cosφ) 0.93 Power factor at starting time (cosφst) 0.16 General derating factor (KUN): 0.78 (Derating factor considered for power cables with a horizontal spacing of one diameter) A 3 Core Aluminium conductor, XLPE insulated, Lead Covered, PVC inner sheath, SWA, PVC outer sheath cable with the following characteristic data is selected. Size (on the base of current-carrying capacity): Conductor material: Voltage grade: Standard rated current (Inc): Current-carrying capacity (Iz=Inc∗KUN): Length (Lc): Resistance (Rc): Reactance (Xc): 3Cx240mm2 Aluminium 6.6 kV 390 A 304.2 A 267 m 0.162 Ohm/Km 0.093 Ohm/Km IZ = INC∗KUN = 390 ∗ 0.78 = 304.2 A →IZ is higher than circuit current IB (281.01 A) Calculation of running/steady state voltage drop Percentage voltage drop at steady state condition shall equal to: Vd% = Ib ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 281.01 * 0.267 * [(0.162 * 0.93) + (0.093*0.37)] * 1.732 * 100 6600 * 1 =0.36% (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 4%) Calculation of starting / transient voltage drop Percentage voltage drop at starting condition shall equal to: Vd st % = Ib st ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ st ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ st )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 1264.54 * 0.267 * [(0.162 * 0.16) + (0.093 * 0.99)] * 1.732 * 100 6600 * 1 = 1.04% (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 15%) Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 11 of 14 0 1 2 Conclusion The selected cable cross-section of 3Cx240 mm2 Aluminium cable satisfies the minimum cross-section criteria for short circuit, continuous current-carrying capacity & the voltage drop values. Hence the selected size is adequate. 5. EXAMPLE OF L.V. CABLE SIZING CALCULATION 5.1. Urea Melt Pump (10-MP-108A – 160kW) Breaker operated motor feeder. Two runs of three core cables of 240 mm2, Al conductor, XLPE insulated, Lead Covered, PVC inner sheath, SWA, PVC outer sheath, having the following characteristic data is selected: Calculation of the minimum cross-sectional area of the conductor The Short-circuit current at 10-01SBL-1 switchgear is: 50 kA Max. Tripping time of the protection device: 0.2 s I∗ t S≥ = 50000 ∗ 0.2 / 94 = 237.8mm2 for Aluminium cable K Characteristic data • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Rated power (PN) Power factor from Electrical Load List (cosφ) Starting power factor (cosφST) Efficiency from Electrical Load List (η) Starting current ratio (IBST/IB) Nominal voltage 3PH (VN) Frequency Short-circuit current on LV SWGR 10-01SBL-1 (ISCB) Max. steady state voltage drop (Vd) Max. starting drop voltage (Vdst) PN Circuit current IB = 3 ∗ VN ∗ cosφ ∗ η Starting current IBST Selected cable cross-section (S) Cable length (L) Resistance (Rc) Reactance (Xc) Standard condition rated current of each cable (INC) General derating factor (KUN) 160 kW 0.9 0.35 0.942 5.5 415 V 50 Hz 50 kA 4% 15 % B 262.6A 1444.09A 2(3Cx240 mm2) 0.304 Km 0.162 Ohm/Km 0.077 Ohm/Km 390A 0.61 Continuous current-carrying capacity of the cable (IZ) This value is obtained with the following formula: IZ = 2∗INC∗KU = 2∗390∗0.61=475.8A → IZ is higher than circuit current IB 262.6 A Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 12 of 14 0 1 2 Calculation of steady state voltage drop The calculation is verified with the following formula: Vd% = Ib ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 262.6* 0.304 [(0.162*0.9)+ (0.077* 0.44) * 1.732 *100 415*2 = 2.99 % (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 4%) Calculation of starting voltage drop The calculation is verified with the following formula: Vd st % = Ibst ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ st ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ st )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 1444.09 * 0.304* [(0.162 * 0.35) + (0.077 * 0.94)] * 1.732 * 100 415*2 = 11.80 % (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 15%) The selected cable cross-section 2 runs of 3 core x 240 mm2 satisfies the minimum cross section criteria during short circuit and continuous current-carrying capacity and voltage drop values. Hence selected cable size is adequate. 5.2. Main Seal Water pump (10-MP-143A – 55kW) Switch fuse unit operated motor feeder One run of three core cables of 150 mm2, Al conductor, XLPE insulated, Lead Covered, PVC inner sheath, SWA, PVC outer sheath, having the following characteristic data is selected: Characteristic data • • • • • • • • • Rated power (PN) Power factor from Electrical Load List (cosφ) Starting power factor (cosφST) Efficiency from Electrical Load List (η) Starting current ratio (IBST/IB) Nominal voltage 3PH (VN) Frequency Short-circuit current on LV SWGR 10-01SBL-1 (ISCB) Max. steady state voltage drop (Vd) B • Max. starting drop voltage (Vdst) Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. 55 kW 0.85 0.40 0.92 5.5 415 V 50 Hz 50 kA 4% 15 % JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 13 of • Circuit current • • • • • • • IB = 14 PN 1 2 97.8A 3 ∗ VN ∗ cosφ ∗ η Starting current IBST Selected cable cross-section (S) Cable length (L) Resistance (Rc) Reactance parallel (Xct) Standard condition rated current of each cable (INC) General derating factor (KUN) 0 538.2A (3Cx150 mm2) 0.280 Km 0.266 Ohm/Km 0.078 Ohm/Km 290 0.61 Continuous current-carrying capacity of the cable (IZ) This value is obtained with the following formula: IZ = INC∗KU = 290∗0.61=176.9 A → IZ is higher than circuit current IB 97.8A Calculation of steady state voltage drop The calculation is verified with the following formula: Vd% = Ib ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 97.8* 0.280 [(0.266*0.85) + (0.078* 0.53) * 1.732 *100 415*1 = 3.06% (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 4%) Calculation of starting voltage drop The calculation is verified with the following formula: Vd st % = Ibst ∗ Lc ∗ [(Rc ∗ Cosφ st ) + (Xc ∗ Sinφ st )] ∗ K ∗ 100 Vn * n = 538.2 * 0.280* [(0.266 * 0.40) + (0.078 * 0.92)] * 1.732 * 100 415*1 = 11.19 % (which is less than allowable voltage drop of 15%) Protection against thermal withstand of short circuit current This value is obtained from the following formula K2 * S2 = 942 * 1502 = 198810000 A2 s The I2t of the chosen protective device is 150000A2 s (from ABB coordination table) Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law. JOB UNIT 032091 10 SPC. N. 10-EA-E-41021 Rev. Sh. 14 of 14 0 1 2 this is less than A2 s value calculated for the cable. Hence the chosen cable cross section is safe. Hence the selected cable cross-section 1 run of 3 core x 150 mm2 size is adequate. Form code: MDT.GG.QUA.0004 Sh. 01/Rev. 3.96 File code: normal.dot Data file: 41021.doc This document is the property of SAIPEM S.p.A. who will safeguard their rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the law.