MODULAR APPROACH FOR ZOOLOGY LABORATORY LABORATORY REPORT SHEET Name : Api, Louise Germaine C. Date Performed : 09/23/2023 Yr/Blk : 3-1 Professor : Prof. Tracy Cabang Group Number : 6 Rating : I. OBSERVATIONS ✓ Draw the cells seen under the microscope. A. ONION CELLS LPO HPO LPO HPO B. POTATO CELLS 4|P a ge MODULAR APPROACH FOR ZOOLOGY LABORATORY C. CHEEK CELLS LPO HPO LPO HPO LPO HPO D. BLOOD CELLS E. PROTOZOANS 5|P a ge MODULAR APPROACH FOR ZOOLOGY LABORATORY F. BACTERIA LPO HPO Guide Questions: 1. Categorize the common structures in your specimen. The common structures found in our specimen include the plasma or cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and ribosomes. 2. Name the structures that can be found ONLY in your specimen: a. Plant cell- –cell wall made of cellulose, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large a. Plant cells central vacuole. b. Animal cell – b. Animal cell - centrosomes and lysosomes c. Protozoans – c. Bacteria - cell d. Bacteria – wall made of peptidoglycan and nucleoid 3. What is the advantage of applying stain to your prepared specimens? It enhances visualization of specimen by coloring or applying stain to the sample. Simply put, it helps us get a better look at the samples that may lack color and contrast in their natural state. 4. How are your specimens classified according to: a. Number of cells Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes (plant and animal cells; onion, potato, cheek and blood cells) are multicellular while Prokrayotes (i.e. bacteria) are always unicellular. b. Size of cells Eukaryotic cells, at 10 to 100 μm in diameter, are larger in size than eukaryotic cells, which have diameters ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 μm. Prokaryotic cells are smaller because they do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. 6|P a ge MODULAR APPROACH FOR ZOOLOGY LABORATORY c. Presence or absence of nucleus Nuclei are present in eukaryotic cells and absent on prokaryotic cells. For instance, the nucleus of an onion cell can be found at the periphery of the cytoplasm. d. Form or shape Prokaryotic cells are typically spherical (cocci), rod-shaped (bacilli), or spiral-shaped (spirilla). Eukaryotic cells can have a wide variety of shapes, including spherical, cuboidal, columnar, squamous, and irregularly shaped. 5. Complete the Venn Diagram showing the comparison of the ff: PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELL 7|P a ge MODULAR APPROACH FOR ZOOLOGY LABORATORY Conclusion In conclusion, there are two main types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. The onion, potato, cheek, and blood cells all fall under eukaryotic cells, which are more complex and have a nucleus. On the other hand, prokaryotic cells like bacteria (form the yogurt specimen) and archaea, do not have a nucleus. Both cell types play crucial roles in sustaining life. Understanding their structure and function is important as they would allow us to understand how organisms are came to be, how they grow, and how they die. Moreover, they could teach us about the biological processes that could keep us healthy. References: Bruckner, M. (2022a). Microscopy. Microbial Life Educational Resources. https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/microscopy/index.html Byju’s. (2022a). Name two structures found only in animal cells and not in plant cells-. byjus.com. https://byjus.com/question-answer/name-two-structures-found-only-in-animal-cells-and-not-in-plant-cells/ Goyal, S. (2023a, February 27). What is the difference between Animal and Plant Cell? Jagranjosh.com. https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/difference-between-animal-and-plant-cell-1618491661-1 Greenwood, M. (2023a, July 19). Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells: Similarities and Differences (K. Anderton, Ed.). News Medical Life Sciences. https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Eukaryotic-and-Prokaryotic-Cells-Similarities-and-Differences.aspx Molnar, C. (2015a, May 14). 3.2 Comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Pressbooks. https://opentextbc.ca/biology/chapter/3-2-comparing-prokaryotic-and-eukaryotic-cells/ Robinson, P. (2019a, July 11). The cell structure of an onion. Sciencing. https://sciencing.com/cell-structure-onion-5438440.html Rye, C. (2016a, October 21). Ch. 1 Introduction - Biology | OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction Tarantino, C. (n.d.-a). Eukaryotic Cell: What Is It, Difference from Prokaryotic Cells, and More. Osmosis. https://www.osmosis.org/answers/eukaryoticcell#:~:text=Prokaryotes%20are%20always%20unicellular%2C%20while,in%20the%20cytoplasm%20of%20prokaryotes. Theriot, J. A. (2013a). Why are bacteria different from eukaryotes? BMC Biology, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-11-119 University of California. (n.d.-a). Inside a plant cell. Cheadle Center for Biodiversity & Ecological Restoration. Documentation: https://www.ccber.ucsb.edu/ucsb-natural-history-collections-botanical-plant-anatomy/inside-plantcell#:~:text=Plant%20cells%20have%20three%20unique,wall%2C%20plastids%2C%20and%20vacuoles. Documentation: 8|P a ge
