Introduction to NAME
ENMR611001 – 2023-Oct-5
Ship Design
Design Spiral
Source: Misra, Design Principles of Ships and Marine Structures, pp. 62
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Ship-Design-Spiral-Evans-1959_fig2_273026917
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Design Steps
Concept Design: involves developing a high-level
understanding of the project, defining the ship's main
characteristics, purpose, and overall feasibility.
Preliminary Design: focuses on refining the ship's
specifications and developing a more detailed design.
Contract Design: involves developing a detailed and
comprehensive design that can be used for the bidding
and contracting process.
Detailed Design: involves producing highly detailed
drawings and specifications that guide the actual
construction of the ship
Concept
Preliminary
Detailed
Contract
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Concept Design
Concept
Preliminary
Detailed
Contract
Objective: Establish a high-level understanding of the
project and define the ship's main characteristics and
purpose.
Tasks:
 Identify the ship's purpose,
operational parameters.
requirements, and
 Conduct initial feasibility studies.
 Develop basic sketches and layouts.
♫ Who’s involved? Doing what?
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Concept Design: Drawings
 Conceptual Sketches: Freehand or basic digital
sketches illustrating the initial design ideas.
 Preliminary Lines Plan: A simple representation of the
ship's hull shape.
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Preliminary Design
Concept
Preliminary
Detailed
Contract
Objective: Refine the ship's specifications and develop
a more detailed design.
Activities:
 Refine the ship's general arrangement and layout.
 Determine key dimensions, such as size and
displacement.
 Conduct initial stability and structural analyses.
 Explore propulsion and power systems.
♫ Who’s involved? Doing what?
55
Preliminary Design: Drawings
 Preliminary Lines Plan: Refined to include more detail
about the hull shape.
 General Arrangement Drawings (GA): Show the
ship's overall layout, including major components and
spaces.
 Preliminary Structural Drawings: Basic representation
of the ship's structural framework.
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Contract Design
Concept
Preliminary
Detailed
Contract
Objective: Develop a detailed and comprehensive
design for the bidding and contracting process.
Activities:
 Finalize detailed ship plans and drawings.
 Specify materials, equipment, and systems.
 Produce detailed specifications for construction.
 Prepare documentation for the shipbuilding contract.
♫ Who’s involved? Doing what?
57
Contract Design: Drawings
 Detailed General Arrangement Drawings: More
refined versions showing detailed components and
systems.
 Detailed Lines Plan: Provides comprehensive
information about the ship's hull form.
 Detailed Structural Drawings: Specify each structural
component in detail.
 System and Equipment Drawings: Illustrate the
design and layout of various ship systems.
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Detailed Design
Concept
Preliminary
Detailed
Contract
Objective: Produce highly detailed drawings and
specifications to guide construction.
Activities:
 Develop detailed construction drawings for each part
of the ship.
 Create detailed specifications for materials and
manufacturing processes.
 Finalize the design of all ship systems.
 Perform a thorough analysis of structural and
mechanical components.
♫ Who’s involved? Doing what?
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Detailed Design: Drawings
 Developing detailed construction drawings for each
part of the ship.
 Creating detailed specifications for materials and
manufacturing processes.
 Finalizing the design of all ship systems, including
electrical, plumbing, and HVAC.
 Performing a thorough analysis of structural and
mechanical components.
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Drawings
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Drawings: Lines Plan
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Drawings: Body Plan
Cross-Section
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Drawings: Sheer Profile
BP: Buttock Plane
♫ What is in the middle?
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Drawings: Half Breadth Plan
WP: Water Plane
♫ Why only ‘Half’ Breadth?
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Drawings: Shell Expansion
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Drawings: General Arrangement
♫ What considerations do we need?
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Drawings: Engine Room Layout 2D
1st Floor
2nd Floor
♫ What considerations do we need?
68
Drawings: Engine Room Layout 3D
♫ What considerations do we need?
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Drawings: Piping Diagram
Isometric / 2D diagram for each system:
Bilge, Ballast, Fuel Oil (M/E, A/E), Lubrication (M/E, A/E), Cooling Water,
Starting Air, Hydraulic (Steering), Firefighting, Sewage, HVAC
♫ What considerations do we need?
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Drawings: Piping Diagram
Embedded into GA
♫ What considerations do we need?
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Units in Ship Design
 Volume Displacement
Tonnage
 Mass Displacement
 Bruto Registered Tonnage
 Deadweight
 Net Registered Tonnage
 Lightweight
 Gross Tonnage
 Cargo Capacity
 Net Tonnage
 Stowage Factor
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Principal Particular in Ship Design
 Length
 Block Coefficient
 Breadth
 Midship Coefficient
 Height
 Waterplane Area Coefficient
 Draught
 Prismatic Coefficient
 Design Speed
 L/B
 L/H
 B/T
 H/T
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