HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT • Originated in Holyoke, Massachusetts • On February 9, 1895 • By William G. Morgan, a YMCA (young men’s Christian association) physical education director. • Mintonette was the name of the game created as pastime for older member of YMCA to be played preferably indoors and by any numbers of players. • The first exhibition match happened in 1896 at the international YMCA training school which is presently named Springfield College. Prof. Alfred Halstead proposed for a change of the name from mintonette to “Volley ball” after he noticed the action, or act phase, of the ball’s flight, which was volleying in nature. This name was accepted by Morgan and the conference. In 1952, the United States Volley ball Association voted to spell the name with just one word – Volleyball. The history of volleyball in the Philippines dates back to 1910. The director of the YMCA, Elwood S. Brown, first introduced the sport. Filipinos began playing volleyball as a backyard sport and games of beach volleyball soon followed. Volleyball in the Philippines Players hung the net between 2 trees. They made up their own rules regarding how many players on each side and how many times the ball could be hit. Philippines volleyball teams would sometimes let every player hit the ball before sending it to the opposing side. This took to much time that led to the creation of the threehit-limit. With the new three-hit-rule in place, Filipinos experimented with new volleyball techniques and came up with the set and spike or the “Filipino Bomb”. The date july 4, 1961 marked the birth of the Philippine Amateur Volleyball Association (PAVA) The national governing body of the sport in the Philippines. This was later renamed Philippine Volleyball Federation (PVF). It is affiliated with the Philippine Olympic committee (POC), Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) and Federation of International Volleyball (FIVB). Played indoors and by any number of players. First rules of Volleyball It was composed of the match with nine innings with 3 serves for each team in each inning. No limit to the number of ball contacts for each team before sending the ball to the opponent’s court. In case of a serving error, a second try was allowed. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 1. The Ball ü The ball shall be spherical, made of a flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a bladder inside, made of rubber or a similar material. ü The ball should not be fewer than 25 inches nor more than 27 inches in circumference. ü The weight is 260 – 280g 2. The Net ü ü ü ü ü Placed vertically over the center line. The height is 2.43m for men For women the height is 2.24m. Net is 32 feet in length when stretched and is made of 4 inch square mesh. It is topped with double white tape. The playing area includes the playing court and the free zone. It shall be rectangular measuring 18 x 9m, surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3m wide on all sides. 3. The Court The free playing space is the space above the playing area which is free from any obstructions. The free playing space shall measure a minimum of 7m in height from the playing surface. LINES ON THE COURT: all lines are 5 cm wide. They must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor. BOUNDARY LINES – two side lines and two end lines mark the playing court. CENTER LINE – the axis of the center line divides the playing court into equal courts measuring 9 x 9m each. ATTACK LINE – on each court, an attack line, whose rear edge is drawn 3m back from the axis of the center line, marks the front zone. FRONT ZONE – on each court the front zone is limited by the axis of the center line and the rear edge of the attack line. SERVICE ZONE – the service zone is a 9m area behind each end line. SUBSTITUTION ZONE – the substitution zone is limited by the extension of both attack lines up to the scorer’s table. Players and Formation • Each team is composed of 12 players but during the actual play, 6 players are inside the court. • 3 players in front row and 3 players in back row. • The front row players in the attack zone are the blockers and attackers of the team while the back row players dig the opponent’s attack for defense. • A player that wears different color of uniform/jersey is the LIBERO. • A libero can substitute any player if the ball is dead. His/her substitution is not counted as legal. • If the libero becomes a front row player he/she get out of the game. • The players rotate in a clockwise direction moving to the next area. Basic Skills in Volleyball 1. SERVING Types of Service: • Underhand serve – considered the easiest kind of service. • Overhead serve –the ball is toss overhead and the server strikes it above head level. Dig Dig – to prevent the ball from touching the court’s ground. It is a defensive action wherein players bend their knees with weight in front that enables them to extend in retrieving the ball. Set Set – a technique of putting the ball in air where the attacker can strike it hard toward the opponent’s court. Pass Pass – it is also called reception. This is the act of handling the opponent’s service or attack. Attack Attack – also known as the SPIKE. It is the technique of striking the ball overhead just above the net so it lands on the opponent’s court. Single, double, and triple Block - a technique of stopping the opponent’s attack or strike. It is classified according to the number of players involved: single, double, and triple block. BLOCK SET PASS ATTACK/SPIKE DIG THE GAME PLAY A toss coin is made by the first referee to decide the first serving team. The team with ball possession and the one that attacks is the offensive team and the team that prevents the attacker is called the defensive team. When the ball is in play, the team must return the ball over the net of their opponent’s courtside in no more than three contacts. A player can only touch the ball once. If the player commits two consecutive hits, a violation is called by the referee and the point is awarded to the opponent’s team. When a team wishes to have a time-out, it should only last for 30 seconds and they are only allowed to have two time-out per set. All the members should be in the free zone area during time-outs. Rally point is given to a team that wins a rally. In case of a substitute, an authorization from the referee is required and it should take place within the substitution zone. A rally is the playing action from service until the ball is out of play. A match is won by the team that wins three or five sets. The first team to score 25 points win a set. The deciding set is played to 15 points. In case of a ties, a twopoint and advantage, is needed.
