Chapter 13
Co-ordination and Response
Chapter Review Questions
1. What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the brain and spinal cord
the brain and nerves
the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
the spinal cord only
2. Which two parts of the eye refract light?
A.
B.
C.
D.
[1]
the cornea and lens
the lens and iris
the iris and pupil
the pupil and cornea
3. What is the response of a shoot to gravity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
[1]
[1]
negative gravitropism
negative phototropism
positive gravitropism
positive phototropism
4. Where are receptor proteins found at a synapse, and what shape do they have?
A.
B.
[1]
in the synaptic gap, same shape as the neurotransmitter molecules
in the vesicles in the first neuron, complementary shape to the
neurotransmitter molecules
on the cell membrane of the first neuron, same shape as the
neurotransmitter molecules
on the cell membrane of the second neuron, complementary shape to
the neurotransmitter molecules
C.
D.
5.
a. Adrenaline and insulin are examples of hormones.
i. Explain what is meant by the word hormone.
ii.
Name the gland that secretes adrenaline.
iii. Name the gland that secretes insulin.
[3]
[1]
[1]
1
b. The diagram shows the eye of a person who is relaxed.
i. Describe how the appearance of the eye would change if the person is
frightened, and adrenaline is secreted in their body.
[1]
ii.
Describe one other stimulus that would cause the same change that
you have described in (i).
[1]
c. Outline two ways in which control by hormones such as adrenaline and insulin
differ from control by nerves.
[2]
[Total: 9]
6. Humans and plants can both respond to light.
a. Name the sense organ in humans that responds to light.
b. Describe the position of the receptor cells that respond to light.
c.
[1]
Explain how information from these receptor cells is transmitted to the brain. [2]
d. Plant shoots show positive phototropism.
i.
Explain what is meant by positive phototropism.
ii.
e.
[1]
Suggest how positive phototropism helps a plant to survive.
[2]
[2]
The diagram shows some germinating bean seeds.
Name the response that is being shown by the roots of the seedlings.
[2]
[Total: 10]
7.
a.
Copy and complete these sentences about accommodation in the eye.
When focusing on a near object, the ciliary muscles ____________.
This ____________ the tension on the suspensory ligaments. The lens
becomes ____________, so that it refracts light rays ____________ and
focuses them onto the retina.
[4]
2
b. The photograph shows a tarsier.
Tarsiers are nocturnal animals. They have pupils that can open wider
than in most animals, and many more rods than cones in their retinas.
Explain how these features help to adapt tarsiers for a nocturnal lifestyle.
[4]
[Total: 8]
8. The diagram shows a synapse.
a.
Name parts A and B and describe their roles at the synapse.
b. Suggest the function of the mitochondria.
[6]
[3]
[Total: 9]
3